JP7102057B2 - Discharge detection structure and discharge detection system - Google Patents

Discharge detection structure and discharge detection system Download PDF

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JP7102057B2
JP7102057B2 JP2018077464A JP2018077464A JP7102057B2 JP 7102057 B2 JP7102057 B2 JP 7102057B2 JP 2018077464 A JP2018077464 A JP 2018077464A JP 2018077464 A JP2018077464 A JP 2018077464A JP 7102057 B2 JP7102057 B2 JP 7102057B2
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discharge
pass filter
filter unit
noise
unit
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JP2019184480A (en
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淳史 宮本
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Nitto Kogyo Corp
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Priority to EP19785901.0A priority patent/EP3779479B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/015780 priority patent/WO2019198791A1/en
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本発明は、放電検出構造及び放電検出システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a discharge detection structure and a discharge detection system.

一般的に分電盤は、分岐ブレーカを多数備えており、電線で又はコンセントを介して負荷が接続される。ところで、トラッキングや断線などにより放電事故が生じることがある。トラッキングや断線などで放電事故が発生したとき、負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流にノイズが重畳する。所定の周波数領域でノイズが発生するため、特許文献1に記載されているように、電路間の電圧から周波数解析を行って放電を検出することがなされている。 Generally, the distribution board is provided with a large number of branch breakers, and the load is connected by electric wires or via an outlet. By the way, a discharge accident may occur due to tracking or disconnection. When a discharge accident occurs due to tracking or disconnection, noise is superimposed on the voltage or current of the electric circuit connected to the load. Since noise is generated in a predetermined frequency region, as described in Patent Document 1, frequency analysis is performed from the voltage between electric circuits to detect discharge.

特開2009-278744号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-278744

ところで、特許文献1に記載されているような周波数解析を行おうとすると、変換装置が必要となり、費用がかさむ。また、ノイズが他のブレーカから回り込むことにより、放電を検出する虞があった。 By the way, when attempting to perform frequency analysis as described in Patent Document 1, a conversion device is required, which increases the cost. In addition, there is a risk of detecting a discharge due to noise wrapping around from another breaker.

本件の発明者は、この点について鋭意検討することにより、解決を試みた。本発明の課題は、所定の範囲外で発生した放電が検出され難いようにすることにある。 The inventor of this case tried to solve this problem by diligently examining this point. An object of the present invention is to make it difficult to detect a discharge generated outside a predetermined range.

上記課題を解決するため、負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流に重畳するノイズから放電を検出する放電検出構造において、放電により重畳された高周波帯域のノイズの検出に用いられるハイパスフィルタ部と、高周波帯域のノイズをカット可能なローパスフィルタ部と、を備え、前記ハイパスフィルタ部の一次側若しくは二次側の少なくとも一方に前記ローパスフィルタ部が配置された放電検出構造とする。 In order to solve the above problems, in the discharge detection structure that detects the discharge from the noise superimposed on the voltage or current of the electric circuit connected to the load, the high-pass filter unit used for detecting the noise in the high frequency band superimposed by the discharge. It has a low-pass filter unit capable of cutting noise in a high-frequency band, and has a discharge detection structure in which the low-pass filter unit is arranged on at least one of the primary side and the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit.

また、ハイパスフィルタ部への通電を検出する検出部と、検出部による通電の検出の有無から放電事故の有無を判定する判定部を備えた構成とすることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable to have a configuration including a detection unit for detecting energization to the high-pass filter unit and a determination unit for determining the presence or absence of a discharge accident from the presence or absence of detection of energization by the detection unit.

また、外部に警報表示可能な警報表示部を備え、前記警報表示部は、判定部が放電事故があると判定したときに作動する構成とすることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that an alarm display unit capable of displaying an alarm is provided externally, and the alarm display unit is configured to operate when the determination unit determines that there is a discharge accident.

また、上記放電検出構造が、直列に複数配置され、放電検出構造間の放電事故の有無を判定可能な放電検出システムとすることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable to use a discharge detection system in which a plurality of the discharge detection structures are arranged in series and can determine the presence or absence of a discharge accident between the discharge detection structures.

本発明では、他の回路からのノイズの回り込みを防止しつつ、特定の周波数のみのノイズを検出することにより放電の発生を検出することが可能となる。 In the present invention, it is possible to detect the occurrence of discharge by detecting noise only at a specific frequency while preventing noise from wrapping around from other circuits.

放電検出構造を備えた分岐ブレーカが組み込まれた分電盤を表したブロック図である。It is a block diagram which showed the distribution board which incorporated the branch breaker with the discharge detection structure. 放電検出構造を備えた分岐ブレーカを表したブロック図である。It is a block diagram showing a branch breaker provided with a discharge detection structure. 放電検出構造を備えた放電検出装置とブレーカが接続された状態を表したブロック図である。It is a block diagram showing a state in which a discharge detection device provided with a discharge detection structure and a breaker are connected. 放電検出構造を備えた分岐ブレーカを表したブロック図である。但し、ハイパスフィルタ部をアースに接続している。It is a block diagram showing a branch breaker provided with a discharge detection structure. However, the high-pass filter section is connected to ground. 分電盤のリミッタスペースに放電検出構造を配置したことを表す図である。It is a figure which shows that the discharge detection structure was arranged in the limiter space of a distribution board. スマートメータと主幹ブレーカに放電検出構造を組み込んだ状態を表す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which incorporated the discharge detection structure into the smart meter and the main breaker.

以下に発明を実施するための形態を示す。本実施形態の、負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流に重畳するノイズから放電を検出する放電検出構造1は、高周波帯域のノイズを通過させて放電の検出を行うハイパスフィルタ部11と、放電検出に使用する高周波帯域のノイズをカットするローパスフィルタ部19と、を備えている。また、このハイパスフィルタ部11の一次側若しくは二次側の少なくとも一方に、前記ローパスフィルタ部19が接続されている。このため、前記高周波帯域のみのノイズを前記ハイパスフィルタ部11で検出することにより放電の発生を検出するとともに、前記ローパスフィルタ部19により他の回路へのノイズの回り込み、及び、他の回路からのノイズの回り込みを防止することが可能となる。 A mode for carrying out the invention is shown below. The discharge detection structure 1 of the present embodiment, which detects discharge from noise superimposed on the voltage or current of the electric circuit connected to the load, has a high-pass filter unit 11 that detects discharge by passing noise in a high frequency band and discharge. It includes a low-pass filter unit 19 that cuts noise in the high frequency band used for detection. Further, the low-pass filter unit 19 is connected to at least one of the primary side and the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit 11. Therefore, the generation of discharge is detected by detecting the noise only in the high frequency band by the high-pass filter unit 11, the noise wraps around to other circuits by the low-pass filter unit 19, and the noise from other circuits is detected. It is possible to prevent noise from wrapping around.

図1に示す例では、放電検出構造1は、分電盤7に組み込まれている。特に、負荷95が接続された分岐ブレーカ91bに組み込まれている。放電検出構造1が組み込まれたブレーカ91は、ハイパスフィルタ部11で高周波帯域のノイズを検出した場合に、開閉スイッチ92を開くようにしている。図2に示すように、この放電検出構造1は、開閉スイッチ92の二次側に配置されており、ハイパスフィルタ部11の一次側にローパスフィルタ部19が位置している。このため、ローパスフィルタ部19の一次側の放電で発生した場合の高周波帯域のノイズはローパスフィルタ部19を越えて、ハイパスフィルタ部11に到達せず、このハイパスフィルタ部11では検出されない。したがって、負荷95が接続側で発生したノイズは検出可能とし、負荷95の一次側のノイズは検出しないため、他の回路で生じた高周波帯域のノイズにより不必要に開閉スイッチ92が開くことを抑制することができる。なお、図2に示すブレーカ91には、ハイパスフィルタ部11の回路への通電を検出する検出部14と、検出部14が通電を検出した場合に、トラッキングや断線などの放電事故の有無を判定する判定部15を備えている。また、ブレーカ91の外部には警報表示可能な警報表示部82を備えている。この警報表示部82は、判定部15が放電事故があると判定したときに作動する。この警報表示部82はLEDのように光るものであっても良いし、ボタンが飛び出すような機械的な表示であっても良い。ボタンが飛び出す構造の場合、ブレーカ91の開閉スイッチ92がOFFになっていたとしてもボタンを表示させておくことも可能である。 In the example shown in FIG. 1, the discharge detection structure 1 is incorporated in the distribution board 7. In particular, the load 95 is incorporated in the connected branch breaker 91b. The breaker 91 incorporating the discharge detection structure 1 opens the open / close switch 92 when the high-pass filter unit 11 detects noise in the high-frequency band. As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge detection structure 1 is arranged on the secondary side of the open / close switch 92, and the low-pass filter unit 19 is located on the primary side of the high-pass filter unit 11. Therefore, the noise in the high frequency band when generated by the discharge on the primary side of the low-pass filter unit 19 exceeds the low-pass filter unit 19 and does not reach the high-pass filter unit 11, and is not detected by the high-pass filter unit 11. Therefore, the noise generated on the connection side of the load 95 can be detected, and the noise on the primary side of the load 95 is not detected. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the opening / closing switch 92 from being unnecessarily opened due to the noise in the high frequency band generated in other circuits. can do. The breaker 91 shown in FIG. 2 has a detection unit 14 that detects energization of the circuit of the high-pass filter unit 11, and when the detection unit 14 detects energization, it determines whether or not there is a discharge accident such as tracking or disconnection. The determination unit 15 is provided. Further, an alarm display unit 82 capable of displaying an alarm is provided outside the breaker 91. The alarm display unit 82 operates when the determination unit 15 determines that there is a discharge accident. The alarm display unit 82 may be a shining one such as an LED, or may be a mechanical display such that a button pops out. In the case of a structure in which the button pops out, it is possible to display the button even if the open / close switch 92 of the breaker 91 is turned off.

開閉スイッチ92を動作させる遮断部81は、判定部15で放電事故検出の判定をした後、判定部15の信号によりブレーカ91の機構部を動作させる。開閉スイッチ92を開くタイミングは必要に応じて設定すれば良く、放電事故検出後、直ぐに開閉スイッチ92を開くものであっても良いし、放電事故を検出してから所定時間経過後に開閉スイッチ92を開くものであっても良い。なお、漏電ブレーカ91の場合は漏電検出装置を動作させて遮断するものでも良い。 The circuit breaker 81 that operates the open / close switch 92 operates the mechanism unit of the breaker 91 by the signal of the determination unit 15 after the determination unit 15 determines the discharge accident detection. The timing for opening the open / close switch 92 may be set as necessary, and the open / close switch 92 may be opened immediately after the discharge accident is detected, or the open / close switch 92 may be opened after a predetermined time has elapsed after the discharge accident is detected. It may be something that opens. In the case of the line-to-ground leakage breaker 91, the line-to-ground leakage detection device may be operated to shut off the circuit breaker 91.

放電検出構造1はブレーカ91内などに組み込んだものであっても、別体として形成するものでも良い(図3参照)。放電検出構造1を備えた放電事故検出装置89を設ければ、この放電事故検出装置89を配置する位置を選択して取り付けることにより、電路2に対して容易に放電検出構造1を組み付けることができる。また、放電検出構造1はローパスフィルタ部19とハイパスフィルタ部11を異なる装置に分けて組み込むものであっても良い。ローパスフィルタ19の配置側は高周波帯域のノイズがカットされるため、電路の測定側を選択することができる。また、図4に示すことから理解されるように、各電路2に取り付けられるハイパスフィルタ部11をアースに接続するように形成しても良い。ローパスフィルタ19は各電路2に直列に形成するものであっても良いし、電路2間に渡すように形成するものであっても良い。 The discharge detection structure 1 may be incorporated in the breaker 91 or the like, or may be formed as a separate body (see FIG. 3). If the discharge accident detection device 89 provided with the discharge detection structure 1 is provided, the discharge detection structure 1 can be easily assembled to the electric path 2 by selecting and attaching the position where the discharge accident detection device 89 is arranged. can. Further, the discharge detection structure 1 may include the low-pass filter unit 19 and the high-pass filter unit 11 separately in different devices. Since noise in the high frequency band is cut on the arrangement side of the low-pass filter 19, the measurement side of the electric circuit can be selected. Further, as can be understood from that shown in FIG. 4, the high-pass filter portion 11 attached to each electric circuit 2 may be formed so as to be connected to the ground. The low-pass filter 19 may be formed in series with each electric circuit 2, or may be formed so as to pass between the electric circuits 2.

本実施形態の放電検出構造1に備えられたハイパスフィルタ部11は、電路2間に渡すように抵抗12とコンデンサ13からなるハイパスフィルタ部11の回路を配置している。また、抵抗12間の電圧を検出することができる検出部14を備えている。ハイパスフィルタ部11に備えられたコンデンサ13は、交流回路の周波数が高くなったときに電流が流れ、低くなると流れ難いという特性を備えている。このため、低周波帯域では電流が流れず、検出部14では電流(抵抗12間の電圧)を検出することができない。一方、高周波帯域では電流が流れ、検出部14で電流(抵抗12間の電圧)を検出することができる。したがって、検出部14による電流通電の有無の検出により放電が発生したか否かを判定することができる。なお、放電によって発生するノイズは電線から空中に放射する高周波帯域の放電ノイズであり、検出部14はこの高周波帯域の放電ノイズを検出する。周辺に配置した家電の動作などにより発生し得る家電ノイズはこの周波数帯域とは異なる帯域のものであり、ハイパスフィルタ部11で検出されない。このため、本発明を用いれば、家電ノイズと切り分けて高周波帯域の放電ノイズを検出することができる。 The high-pass filter unit 11 provided in the discharge detection structure 1 of the present embodiment arranges the circuit of the high-pass filter unit 11 including the resistor 12 and the capacitor 13 so as to pass between the electric paths 2. Further, a detection unit 14 capable of detecting the voltage between the resistors 12 is provided. The capacitor 13 provided in the high-pass filter unit 11 has a characteristic that a current flows when the frequency of the AC circuit becomes high, and it is difficult to flow when the frequency of the AC circuit becomes low. Therefore, no current flows in the low frequency band, and the detection unit 14 cannot detect the current (voltage between the resistors 12). On the other hand, a current flows in the high frequency band, and the detection unit 14 can detect the current (voltage between the resistors 12). Therefore, it is possible to determine whether or not a discharge has occurred by detecting the presence or absence of current energization by the detection unit 14. The noise generated by the discharge is the discharge noise in the high frequency band radiated from the electric wire into the air, and the detection unit 14 detects the discharge noise in the high frequency band. Home appliance noise that can be generated by the operation of home appliances arranged in the vicinity is in a band different from this frequency band, and is not detected by the high-pass filter unit 11. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to detect the discharge noise in the high frequency band separately from the household appliance noise.

図5に示すことから理解されるように、放電検出構造1の配置には、分電盤7のリミッタスペース93を利用することもできる。その場合、リードバーの代わりに電線によって配線を行い、放電検出構造1の二次側以降の放電を検出するように構成することが好ましい。 As can be seen from FIG. 5, the limiter space 93 of the distribution board 7 can also be used for the arrangement of the discharge detection structure 1. In that case, it is preferable to wire with an electric wire instead of the lead bar so as to detect the discharge after the secondary side of the discharge detection structure 1.

図6に示すことから理解されるように、放電検出構造1が、直列に複数配置されたものとしても良い。この場合、放電検出構造1間の放電の有無を判定可能な放電検出システム99とすることができる。なお、図6に示す例ではスマートメータ61と主幹ブレーカ91aの双方に放電検出構造1が組み込まれており、スマートメータ61と主幹ブレーカ91aの間の異常を特定できるものとしている。詳しくは、スマートメータ61に形成される放電検出構造1のハイパスフィルタ部11は、ローパスフィルタ部19によりスマートメータ61の一次側の高周波帯域のノイズをカットし、主幹ブレーカ9のローパスフィルタ19により主幹ブレーカ91aの二次側の高周波帯域のノイズをカットするものであるため、スマートメータ61と主幹ブレーカ91aの間の異常を特定できるものである。 As can be understood from FIG. 6, a plurality of discharge detection structures 1 may be arranged in series. In this case, the discharge detection system 99 can determine the presence or absence of discharge between the discharge detection structures 1. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the discharge detection structure 1 is incorporated in both the smart meter 61 and the main circuit breaker 91a, and it is possible to identify an abnormality between the smart meter 61 and the main circuit breaker 91a. Specifically, the high-pass filter unit 11 of the discharge detection structure 1 formed in the smart meter 61 cuts the noise in the high frequency band on the primary side of the smart meter 61 by the low-pass filter unit 19, and the low-pass filter 19 of the main breaker 9 cuts the noise. Since it cuts noise in the high frequency band on the secondary side of the breaker 91a, it is possible to identify an abnormality between the smart meter 61 and the main breaker 91a.

なお、放電検出構造1はハイパスフィルタ部11の一次側にローパスフィルタ部19を配置するものである必要は無く、ハイパスフィルタ部11の二次側にローパスフィルタ部19を配置するものとしても良い。ハイパスフィルタ部11の二次側にローパスフィルタ部19を配置した場合には、負荷側で発生した場合の高周波帯域のノイズはローパスフィルタ部19を越えて、ハイパスフィルタに到達せず、ハイパスフィルタ部11の一次側で生じる高周波帯域のノイズを検出することができるものである。 The discharge detection structure 1 does not need to arrange the low-pass filter unit 19 on the primary side of the high-pass filter unit 11, and may arrange the low-pass filter unit 19 on the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit 11. When the low-pass filter unit 19 is arranged on the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit 11, the noise in the high-frequency band when generated on the load side exceeds the low-pass filter unit 19 and does not reach the high-pass filter, so that the high-pass filter unit does not reach the high-pass filter unit. It is possible to detect noise in the high frequency band generated on the primary side of 11.

また、電路2に流れている電流にも、放電ノイズが重畳されるため、電流検出器97を用いてノイズが加えられていることを検出するようにすれば、より正確に放電の発生を検出できる。 Further, since the discharge noise is superimposed on the current flowing in the electric circuit 2, if the current detector 97 is used to detect that the noise is applied, the occurrence of the discharge can be detected more accurately. can.

以上、実施形態を例に挙げて本発明について説明してきたが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されることはなく、各種の態様とすることが可能である。 Although the present invention has been described above by taking an embodiment as an example, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be various modes.

1 放電検出構造
11 ハイパスフィルタ部
14 検出部
15 判定部
19 ローパスフィルタ部
82 警報表示部
99 放電検出システム
1 Discharge detection structure 11 High-pass filter unit 14 Detection unit 15 Judgment unit 19 Low-pass filter unit 82 Alarm display unit 99 Discharge detection system

Claims (3)

負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流に重畳するノイズから放電を検出する放電検出構造において、
前記放電により重畳された高周波帯域のノイズの検出に用いられるハイパスフィルタ部と、
前記高周波帯域のノイズをカット可能なローパスフィルタ部と、
前記ハイパスフィルタ部への通電を検出する検出部と、
前記検出部による前記通電の検出の有無から放電事故の有無を判定する判定部と、
を備え、
前記ハイパスフィルタ部の一次側若しくは二次側の少なくとも一方に前記ローパスフィルタ部が配置された放電検出構造。
In a discharge detection structure that detects discharge from noise superimposed on the voltage or current of the electric circuit connected to the load.
A high-pass filter unit used to detect noise in the high-frequency band superimposed by the discharge, and
A low-pass filter unit that can cut noise in the high frequency band,
A detection unit that detects energization of the high-pass filter unit and
A determination unit that determines the presence or absence of a discharge accident based on the presence or absence of detection of the energization by the detection unit,
With
A discharge detection structure in which the low-pass filter unit is arranged on at least one of the primary side and the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit.
外部に警報表示可能な警報表示部を備え、
前記警報表示部は、前記判定部が前記放電事故があると判定したときに作動する請求項1記載の放電検出構造。
Equipped with an alarm display unit that can display an alarm externally
The discharge detection structure according to claim 1, wherein the alarm display unit operates when the determination unit determines that there is a discharge accident.
負荷に接続される電路の電圧又は電流に重畳するノイズから放電を検出する放電検出構造であって、前記放電により重畳された高周波帯域のノイズの検出に用いられるハイパスフィルタ部と、前記高周波帯域のノイズをカット可能なローパスフィルタ部と、を備え、前記ハイパスフィルタ部の一次側若しくは二次側の少なくとも一方に前記ローパスフィルタ部が配置された放電検出構造が、直列に複数配置され、前記放電検出構造間の放電事故の有無を判定可能な放電検出システム。 It is a discharge detection structure that detects discharge from noise superimposed on the voltage or current of the electric circuit connected to the load, and is a high-pass filter unit used for detecting noise in the high frequency band superimposed by the discharge, and the high frequency band. A plurality of discharge detection structures including a low-pass filter unit capable of cutting noise and having the low-pass filter unit arranged on at least one of the primary side or the secondary side of the high-pass filter unit are arranged in series to detect the discharge. A discharge detection system that can determine the presence or absence of a discharge accident between structures.
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