JP5315927B2 - Grinding machine system and grinding method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grinder system and a grinding method, capable of shortening the time required for measuring the end surface position of a workpiece carried by a machining spindle stock 21 or determining the phase of the workpiece to improve working efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: The grinder system includes: a machining part having the machining spindle stock 21, a wheel spindle stock 36 and a first driving means; a preset station 50 for measuring the end surface position of the workpiece or determining the phase of the workpiece; a conveyance part for carrying the workpiece from the preset station 50 to the machining part; and a control means for controlling the grinding concurrently with the measurement of the end surface position of the workpiece or the determination of the phase of the workpiece. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding machine system and a grinding method for measuring an end face position of a workpiece or indexing a phase and grinding the workpiece with a grinding wheel.

  A grinding machine that grinds a cylindrical portion of a workpiece includes a spindle stock that holds and rotates the workpiece and a grinding wheel table that rotationally drives a grinding wheel. This grinding machine grinds a workpiece by moving a grindstone base relative to the main spindle in the rotation axis direction (Z-axis direction) and the rotation axis orthogonal direction (X-axis direction). In such a grinding machine, for example, a cylindrical portion (crank pin or the like) of a crankshaft may be ground.

  Here, when grinding the outer peripheral surface of the crankpin, it is necessary to bring the grinding wheel into contact with an appropriate position in consideration of the axial width of the crankpin. However, the crankshaft has individual differences in the previous process, and the distance between the opposing end faces of the crank web located at both ends of the crankpin varies. Further, the crankshaft is held on the headstock by a center or a chuck, but there are also individual differences in the center hole diameter and the shaft end surface, and there are cases where the crankshaft is held shifted in the Z-axis direction. Thus, after holding the crankshaft after the previous process on the headstock, it is necessary to measure and adjust the holding state of each crankshaft.

  Therefore, the end face position of the crank web was measured for the crankshaft that had been subjected to the pre-process and held on the headstock before grinding, and the proper machining position in the Z-axis direction was specified. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-38618 (Patent Document 1) discloses an apparatus that ejects air from an air flow meter toward a crank web and measures an appropriate Z-axis direction position of the crankshaft.

Also, in the case of a shaft-like workpiece having an eccentric machining part such as a crankshaft, if the headstock holds the crankshaft of the crankshaft as an axis, the crankpin that is the part to be ground rotates eccentrically. . Therefore, in such a case, in order to grind the outer peripheral surface of the crankpin, it is necessary to synchronize the rotational drive of the headstock and the movement of the grinding wheel head in the X-axis direction. Therefore, after holding the crankshaft after the previous process on the headstock, it is necessary to index and adjust the phase of each crankshaft. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-329756 (Patent Document 2) discloses an apparatus for determining the phase of a crankshaft composed of a plurality of crankpins.
JP 2001-38618 A JP-A-5-329756

  However, it is necessary to accurately measure the position of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction and the phase index as described above in a state where the workpiece is held on the headstock. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes time to operate and replace the measuring instrument and the jig device, and the non-processing time becomes long. As a result, the total processing time becomes longer, and the processing efficiency may decrease.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can shorten the time required for measuring the position of the end face of the workpiece held on the headstock or indexing the phase of the workpiece, and improve machining efficiency. An object is to provide a grinder system and a grinding method that can be used.

In order to solve the above problems, the structural features of the invention of the grinding machine system according to claim 1 are:
A grinding machine system for grinding a workpiece having a plurality of parts to be ground, each of which is a workpiece made of a shaft and has corresponding end faces .
A processing headstock that holds the workpiece and rotationally drives the workpiece, a grinding wheel base that can rotationally drive a grinding wheel and move relative to the processing headstock, the processing headstock, A first drive means for relatively moving the grinding wheel platform,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock by the grinding wheel, Prior to holding the workpiece by the machining headstock, a preset station that measures and acquires the end surface position of the end surface corresponding to each of the parts to be ground in the workpiece ;
A transport unit for transporting the workpiece from the preset station to the processing unit;
Control means for simultaneously controlling the grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel and measuring the end face position of the workpiece at the preset station;
Equipped with a,
The machining unit is configured to obtain an end surface position of at least one same end surface among the end surface positions of the plurality of end surfaces measured at the preset station for the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock. Measure and
The control means uses the grindstone based on the end face position of each end face corresponding to each to-be-ground part of the workpiece acquired in the preset station, with the end face position measured in the machining section as a reference. It is controlling grinding of each to-be-ground part of the said workpiece by a vehicle .

The structural feature of the invention described in claim 2 is that in claim 1,
The preset station includes a preset headstock for holding the workpiece, a measuring instrument for measuring an end surface position of the workpiece held on the preset headstock, and relatively moving the measuring instrument and the workpiece. Second driving means,
The control means controls grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel based on the end face position of the workpiece measured by the measuring instrument.

The structural feature of the invention described in claim 3 is that in claim 2,
The workpiece is a crankshaft having a journal, a crankpin and a crank web,
The measuring instrument is to measure the end face position of the crank web located at both ends of the journal or the crank pin.

In order to solve the above problems, the structural features of the invention of the grinding machine system according to claim 4 are:
A grinding machine system for grinding a workpiece having a shaft shape having a non-round or eccentric machining part,
A processing headstock that holds the workpiece and rotationally drives the workpiece, a grinding wheel base that can rotationally drive a grinding wheel and move relative to the processing headstock, the processing headstock, A first drive means for relatively moving the grinding wheel platform,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock by the grinding wheel, A preset station for indexing the phase of the workpiece prior to holding the workpiece by the machining headstock;
A transport unit for transporting the workpiece from the preset station to the processing unit;
Control means for simultaneously controlling grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel and indexing the phase of the workpiece in the preset station;
It is to provide.

The structural feature of the invention according to claim 5 is that in claim 4 ,
The preset station has a preset headstock for holding the workpiece, and phase indexing means for indexing the phase of the workpiece held on the preset headstock,
The control means controls grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel based on the phase of the workpiece indexed by the phase indexing means.

The structural feature of the invention according to claim 6 is that in claim 5 ,
The conveyance unit is capable of conveying the workpiece between the preset station and the machining unit while maintaining the phase of the workpiece.

The structural feature of the invention according to claim 7 is that in claim 6 ,
The machining unit has a phase measuring instrument that measures the phase measured by the measuring instrument in the preset station for the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock.
The control means controls the grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel based on the phase of the workpiece indexed by the phase measuring device.

The structural feature of the invention according to claim 8 is the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 ,
The machining headstock has a first machining holding part for holding one end of the workpiece,
The preset headstock includes a first preset holder that is formed in a pseudo manner on the first machining holder and holds one end of the workpiece.

The structural feature of the invention according to claim 9 is that in claim 8 ,
The machining unit has a second machining holding unit that holds the other end of the workpiece,
The preset station has a second preset holding portion that is formed in a pseudo manner on the second processing holding portion and holds the other end of the workpiece.

The structural feature of the invention described in claim 10 is that in claim 9 ,
The first machining holding portion and the first preset holding portion are centers for centering the rotation axis of the workpiece at one end of the workpiece,
The second machining holding portion and the second preset holding portion are centers for centering the rotation axis of the workpiece at the other end of the workpiece.

The constitutional feature of the invention described in claim 11 is that in claim 9 ,
At least one of the first machining holding part and the second machining holding part is a chuck that grips an end of the workpiece,
At least one of the first preset holding portion and the second preset holding portion is a chuck that holds an end portion of the workpiece.

The constitutional feature of the invention according to claim 12 is the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11 ,
The processing section, the preset station, and the transport section are arranged in a grinding machine.

The structural feature of the invention according to claim 13 is that in claim 12 ,
The preset station is arranged so that the axis of the workpiece held on the machining headstock and the axis of the workpiece held on the preset spindle stock are located on the same vertical plane,
The transport unit has a loader hand capable of gripping the workpiece, and moves only in two directions, that is, a vertical direction with respect to the machining headstock and an axial direction of the workpiece held on the machining headstock. It is a possible loader.

In order to solve the above problems, the structural features of the invention of the grinding machine system according to claim 14 are:
A grinding machine system for grinding a workpiece having a shaft shape having a non-round or eccentric machining part,
A processing headstock that holds the workpiece and rotationally drives the workpiece, a grinding wheel base that can rotationally drive a grinding wheel and move relative to the processing headstock, the processing headstock, A first drive means for relatively moving the grinding wheel platform,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock by the grinding wheel, A preset station for measuring the position of the end face of the workpiece and indexing the phase of the workpiece prior to holding the workpiece by the machining headstock;
A transport unit for transporting the workpiece from the preset station to the processing unit;
Control means for simultaneously controlling the grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel, measuring the position of the end face of the workpiece at the preset station, and indexing the phase of the workpiece;
It is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the structural features of the invention of the grinding method according to claim 15 are:
A grinding method for grinding a workpiece having a plurality of parts to be ground, each of which is a workpiece having a shaft shape and provided with corresponding end faces ,
A grinding step of grinding the workpiece by relatively moving a grinding wheel table that rotationally drives the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece rotatably held on the machining headstock,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock, the processing spindle stock Prior to holding the workpiece by the grinding preparation step of measuring and acquiring the end surface position of the end surface corresponding to each of the parts to be ground in the workpiece at a preset station,
A conveying step of conveying the workpiece from the preset station to the machining headstock;
Auxiliary measurement for measuring the end face position of at least one end face among the end face positions of the plurality of end faces measured in the grinding preparation step with respect to the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock. Process,
With
While simultaneously performing the grinding step and the grinding preparation step ,
The grinding step is based on the end face position of each end face corresponding to each to-be-ground part of the workpiece obtained in the grinding preparation step, with the end face position measured in the auxiliary measurement step as a reference, Grinding each part to be ground of the workpiece by the grinding wheel .

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structural feature of the invention of the grinding method according to claim 16 is:
A grinding method for grinding a workpiece having a shaft shape having a non-circular or eccentric machining part,
A grinding step of grinding the workpiece by relatively moving a grinding wheel table that rotationally drives the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece rotatably held on the machining headstock,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock, the processing spindle stock Prior to holding the workpiece by the grinding preparation step of indexing the phase of the workpiece at a preset station;
A conveying step of conveying the workpiece from the preset station to the machining headstock;
With
The grinding step and the grinding preparation step are performed simultaneously.

The constitutional feature of the invention described in claim 17 is that in claim 16 ,
Furthermore, an auxiliary indexing step for indexing the phase of the workpiece indexed in the grinding preparation step for the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock,
The grinding step includes grinding the workpiece by the grinding wheel based on the phase of the workpiece indexed in the grinding preparation step and the phase of the workpiece indexed in the auxiliary indexing step. is there.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 1, in the process part, the measurement of the end surface position of the workpiece hold | maintained at the spindle stock for a process can be abbreviate | omitted. In other words, the end face position of the workpiece is measured prior to the preset station while another workpiece is being ground in the machining section. Thereby, the time required for measuring the end face position, which is a non-machining time, can be omitted in the machining headstock. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the time from when the machining headstock holds the workpiece to when grinding is started, and to reduce the total machining time accordingly. Furthermore, since sufficient time can be secured for the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece, more accurate grinding can be carried out without lowering the machining efficiency.

The purpose of measuring the end face position described above is conventionally different from the measurement for grasping the shape or the like of the workpiece after the pre-processing. It is an object of the present invention to hold a workpiece on a machining headstock in a predetermined state and to grind the workpiece held in a predetermined state with a grinding wheel. That is, in the prior art, it was a series of steps in which the end face position was measured and ground after the workpiece was held on the machining headstock. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the end face position is measured simultaneously with the control of grinding of another workpiece, the above-described effects are exhibited.
In addition to this, there are the following effects. Grinding with more accurate grasp of the end face position of the workpiece can be performed. When the workpiece is conveyed from the preset station to the machining unit, an error may occur in the measured end surface position of the workpiece. Even in such a case, the error can be grasped by measuring again at least one end face position of the measured end face positions with the end face measuring instrument of the processing portion. Therefore, the control means can perform a more accurate grinding process by controlling the grinding process based on the end face position of the workpiece measured by the machining unit and the preset station. As a result, for example, even when it is necessary to measure the position of the end face at a plurality of locations in the processing portion, only a small number of locations need be measured in the processing portion according to the present invention. Can do.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2, the measurement of the end surface position of the workpiece hold | maintained at the process headstock in the process part can be abbreviate | omitted. A workpiece having an axial shape having a non-round or eccentric machining portion has an end face, a slope, a curved surface, or the like that is not parallel to the axis of the workpiece. In addition, the end face of the workpiece may vary due to the pre-processing. Therefore, when grinding a portion sandwiched between the end faces of such a workpiece or the vicinity thereof, it is necessary to grasp this variation in order to bring the grinding wheel into contact with an appropriate position. However, if the end face position is measured after the workpiece is held on the machining headstock, the non-machining time is extended, and the total machining time is increased. Therefore, while another workpiece is being ground by the processing unit, the measuring device and the workpiece are relatively moved by the second driving means, and the end face position of the workpiece is measured. Thereby, the time required for measuring the end face position, which is a non-machining time, can be omitted in the machining headstock.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, when a workpiece is a crankshaft, the measurement of the end surface position of a crank web can be abbreviate | omitted in a process part. The crank web connects the crank pin and the journal and is orthogonal to the axis of the crank shaft. For example, when grinding a crankpin, it is preferable to accurately grasp the positions of the opposite end faces of the crank web at both ends of the crankpin. This is because the end position of the crank web may vary in the previous process. If the crankpin is ground without taking this variation into account, internal stress distortion may occur after grinding, which may cause deterioration of the swing accuracy of the crankshaft. Therefore, by measuring the end surface positions of the crank webs located at both ends of the cylindrical portion of the crankshaft that is the object of grinding, it is possible to grasp the end surface position variations caused by the pre-processing.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4 , indexing of the phase of the workpiece hold | maintained at the spindle head for a process can be abbreviate | omitted in a process part. That is, the phase of the workpiece is indexed in advance at the preset station while another workpiece is being ground in the machining section. Thereby, the time required for indexing, which is a non-machining time, can be omitted in the machining headstock. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the time from when the machining headstock holds the workpiece to when grinding is started, and to reduce the total machining time accordingly. Furthermore, since sufficient time can be secured for indexing the phase of the workpiece, more accurate grinding can be performed without lowering the machining efficiency.

  Further, the purpose of the above-described phase indexing is different from the conventional measurement for grasping the shape of the workpiece after the pre-processing. It is an object of the present invention to hold a workpiece on a machining headstock in a predetermined state and to grind the workpiece held in a predetermined state with a grinding wheel. In other words, in the prior art, this is a series of steps in which the phase is indexed and ground after the workpiece is held on the machining headstock. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the phase is indexed simultaneously with the control of grinding of another workpiece, the above-described effects are exhibited.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5 , the indexing of the phase of the workpiece hold | maintained at the process headstock in the process part can be abbreviate | omitted. In a workpiece having a shaft shape having a non-circular or eccentric machining portion, the distance between the outer peripheral surface serving as a portion to be ground and the axis of the workpiece is not constant. Further, for example, when the crankpin of the crankshaft is ground, if the crankshaft is held as an axis, the crankpin at the portion to be ground rotates eccentrically. Therefore, in these cases, grinding is performed by synchronizing the rotational drive of the machining headstock and the movement of the grinding wheel table in the X-axis direction. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the phase of the workpiece from the initial state of the workpiece held on the machining headstock and hold it in a predetermined state. However, if the phase is indexed after the workpiece is held on the machining headstock, the non-machining time is extended, and the total machining time is increased. Therefore, the phase of the workpiece held on the preset spindle stock is indexed by the phase indexing means while another workpiece is being ground in the machining section. Thereby, the time required for indexing, which is a non-machining time, can be omitted in the machining headstock.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6 , the state which measured the phase of the workpiece in the preset station can be maintained, and a workpiece can be conveyed to a process part. Thereby, the time required for the phase measurement can be omitted in the machining unit, and the workpiece can be easily indexed and positioned on the machining headstock.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 7 , the grinding process which indexed the phase of the workpiece more correctly can be performed. When the workpiece is transported from the preset station to the machining unit, an error may occur in the phase of the indexed workpiece. Even in such a case, the error can be grasped by re-indexing the indexed phase with the phase measuring instrument of the processing unit. Therefore, the control means can perform more accurate grinding by controlling the grinding based on the phase of the workpiece indexed by the machining unit and the preset station. As a result, for example, the time required for indexing the phase of the workpiece in the machining unit can be finely adjusted to eliminate the error, so that the time required for indexing can be shortened.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 8 , in the preset station, the end of a workpiece can be made into the holding state similar to a process part. As a result, the accuracy of the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece or the indexing of the phase at the preset station can be improved. The preset headstock is configured to hold one end of the workpiece by a first preset holding portion formed in a pseudo manner on the first machining holding portion. Therefore, it can be set as the holding state similar to the holding state of the workpiece by the machining headstock, and it is possible to prevent errors in measurement and indexing due to the difference in holding state.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the preset station, the other end of the workpiece can be held in the same holding state as the processing portion. As a result, the accuracy of the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece or the indexing of the phase at the preset station can be improved. The preset headstock is configured to hold the other end of the workpiece by a second preset holding portion that is formed in a pseudo manner on the second machining holding portion. Therefore, it can be set as the holding state similar to the holding state of the workpiece by the machining headstock, and it is possible to prevent errors in measurement and indexing due to the difference in holding state.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 10 , the precision of the measurement of the end surface position of a workpiece | work in a preset station or indexing of a phase can be improved. The workpiece may have individual differences in the diameter of the center hole machined in parallel with the rotation axis due to the pre-machining. In such a case, when the rotation axis of the workpiece is centered by the center at the machining unit, a deviation occurs in the rotation axis direction between the individual workpieces. Therefore, in the preset station, the displacement between the solids generated in the processing unit can be grasped by centering the workpiece with the center as in the processing unit. Therefore, measurement and indexing in consideration of the amount of deviation can be performed, and the accuracy can be improved.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 11 , the precision of the measurement of the end surface position of a workpiece | work in a preset station or indexing of a phase can be improved. The workpiece may have individual differences in the shape and position of the end due to pre-processing or material shape. In such a case, when the end portion of the workpiece is gripped by the chuck at the processing portion, a deviation occurs in the rotation axis direction between the individual workpieces. Therefore, in the preset station, the end portion of the workpiece is gripped by the chuck in the same manner as the processing unit, so that the deviation between the solids generated in the processing unit can be grasped. Therefore, measurement and indexing in consideration of the amount of deviation can be performed, and the accuracy can be improved.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 12 , the whole grinding machine can be reduced in size. Further, the distance from the preset station to the processing part can be shortened. Therefore, the conveyance unit can reliably maintain the state of measuring the end face position of the workpiece or indexing the phase when conveying the workpiece to the machining unit. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an error from occurring due to the conveyance.

According to the invention of claim 13 , since the axis of the workpiece held on the machining headstock and the axis of the workpiece held on the preset headstock are located on the same vertical plane, only in two directions. It is possible to apply a loader that moves to the transport unit. That is, a loader having a simple configuration can be used. Furthermore, the loader can be applied to transporting the workpiece from the previous process to the preset station, and can also be applied to carrying out the processed workpiece held on the machining headstock to the next process.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece held on the machining headstock or the indexing of the phase can be omitted in the machining section. That is, while another workpiece is being ground in the processing unit, the end face position of the workpiece is measured or the phase is indexed in advance at the preset station. This eliminates the time required for measuring the end face position or indexing, which is a non-machining time, in the machining headstock. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the time from when the machining headstock holds the workpiece to when grinding is started, and to reduce the total machining time accordingly. Furthermore, since sufficient time can be secured for the measurement of the position of the end face of the workpiece and the indexing of the phase, more accurate grinding can be performed without reducing the processing efficiency.

  Further, the purpose of the above-described measurement or indexing is different from the measurement for grasping the shape of the workpiece that has been pre-processed. It is an object of the present invention to hold a workpiece on a machining headstock in a predetermined state and to grind the workpiece held in a predetermined state with a grinding wheel. That is, in the prior art, it was a series of processes in which measurement or indexing was performed after the workpiece was held on the machining headstock and grinding was performed. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the measurement and indexing are performed simultaneously with the control of grinding of another workpiece, the above-described effects can be obtained.

  Furthermore, other features described above can be applied in the present invention. When other features are applied, the same effects are obtained.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 15 , the measurement of the end surface position of the workpiece hold | maintained at the spindle head for a process can be abbreviate | omitted. That is, a grinding process for grinding another workpiece and a grinding preparation process for measuring the end face position of the workpiece at the preset station are simultaneously performed. Then, after the grinding of another workpiece is completed, the workpiece is transferred from the preset station to the machining headstock. Thereby, the time required for measuring the end face position, which is a non-machining time, can be omitted in the machining headstock. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the time from when the machining headstock holds the workpiece to when grinding is started, and to reduce the total machining time accordingly. Furthermore, since sufficient time can be secured for the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece, more accurate grinding can be carried out without lowering the machining efficiency.
In addition to this, there are the following effects. Grinding with more accurate grasp of the end face position of the workpiece can be performed. In the transfer process of transferring the workpiece from the preset station to the machining headstock, an error may occur in the end face position of the workpiece measured in the grinding preparation process. Even in such a case, the error can be grasped by measuring again at least one identical end face position of the end face positions measured in the grinding preparation process in the auxiliary measurement process. Therefore, the grinding process can be performed more accurately by grinding based on the end face position of the workpiece measured in the grinding preparation process and the auxiliary measurement process. In addition, for example, even when it is necessary to measure the positions of the end faces in the grinding process, only a small number of places need be measured in the grinding process according to the present invention. it can.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 16 , indexing of the phase of the workpiece hold | maintained at the spindle head for a process can be abbreviate | omitted. That is, a grinding process for grinding another workpiece and a grinding preparation process for indexing the phase of the workpiece at the preset station are performed simultaneously. Then, after the grinding of another workpiece is completed, the workpiece is transferred from the preset station to the machining headstock. Thereby, the time required for indexing, which is a non-machining time, can be omitted in the machining headstock. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the time from when the machining headstock holds the workpiece to when grinding is started, and to reduce the total machining time accordingly. Furthermore, since sufficient time can be secured for indexing the phase of the workpiece, more accurate grinding can be performed without lowering the machining efficiency.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 17 , the grinding process which indexed the phase of the workpiece more correctly can be performed. In the transporting process of transporting the workpiece from the preset station to the machining headstock, an error may occur in the phase of the workpiece indexed in the grinding preparation process. Even in such a case, the error can be grasped by re-indexing the phase indexed in the grinding preparation process in the auxiliary measurement process. Therefore, the grinding process can be performed more accurately by grinding based on the phase of the workpiece indexed in the grinding preparation process and the auxiliary measurement process. In addition, for example, the time required for indexing the phase of the workpiece in the grinding process can be finely adjusted to eliminate the error, so that the time required for indexing can be shortened.

  Further, other characteristic portions as the grinding machine of the present invention can be similarly applied to the grinding method of the present invention. And also about the effect in this case, there exists an effect similar to the effect as the said grinding machine. In addition, each "means" in the grinding machine of this invention can be grasped | ascertained as the grinding method of this invention by replacing with a "step".

  Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying a grinding machine system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<First embodiment>
A grinding machine system 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view in which the preset station 50 and the loader 60 are omitted from the grinding machine system 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view in which the loader is omitted from the grinding machine system 1. FIG. 3 is a front view of the grinding machine system 1. 4 is a view in the direction of arrow A in FIG.

  The grinding machine system 1 includes a grinding machine 10, a preset station 50, and a loader 60. A crankshaft 70 a described later is a workpiece held on the machining headstock 21, and a crankshaft 70 b is a workpiece held on the preset spindle stock 51.

  First, the mechanical configuration of the grinding machine 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the grinding machine 10 includes a bed 11, a spindle device 20, a grindstone support device 30, and a control device 40.

  The bed 11 has a substantially rectangular shape and is arranged on the floor. On the upper surface of the bed 11, wheel head guide rails 12 and 13 on which a wheel head traverse base 31 constituting the wheel support device 30 is slidable are on the upper side of FIG. (Axial direction) and are formed in parallel to each other. Further, the work table 14 is fixed to the upper surface of the bed 11 in order to arrange the spindle device 20. Further, on the bed 11, a grinding wheel base Z-axis ball screw 15 for driving the grinding wheel base traverse base 31 in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 is disposed between the grinding wheel base guide rails 12, 13. A grinding wheel base Z-axis motor 16 for rotating the base Z-axis ball screw 15 is disposed.

  The end face measuring instrument 17 is a contact sensor that measures the end face position of the crankshaft 70a held on the machining headstock 21 described later. Further, the end face measuring instrument 17 is moved to the measurement site by an end face measuring instrument feeding device (not shown). The end face measuring device feeding device is, for example, a feeding device composed of a combination of a ball screw and a motor, and includes a mechanism capable of moving the end face measuring device 17 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. The phase measuring instrument 18 is supported at its root by a rotary shaft base (not shown) fixed to the bed 11. The phase measuring instrument 18 is rotated about the root portion by the rotary shaft, and the tip end portion is disposed so as to contact a part of the crankshaft 70a. Then, the phase of the crankshaft 70 a is determined based on the inclination angle of the phase measuring device 18.

  The spindle apparatus 20 includes a machining spindle 21, a spindle 22, a spindle center 23 (corresponding to the “first machining holding portion” of the present invention), a spindle rotating motor 24, and a machining tailstock 25. The tailstock center 26 (corresponding to the “second processing holding portion” of the present invention) is provided. The machining headstock 21 is disposed on the upper surface of the workpiece table 14 fixed to the bed 11. The machining headstock 21 is formed with a hole penetrating in the left-right direction in FIG. A main shaft 22 is inserted into and supported by the through hole of the machining headstock 21 so as to be rotatable around the main shaft axis (around the Z axis in FIG. 1). A spindle center 23 that holds one axial end of a crankshaft 70a, which is a workpiece, is attached to the right end of the spindle 22. Further, the machining headstock 21 rotates the crankshaft 70 a held by the spindle center 23 via the spindle 22 by the spindle rotating motor 24. The processing tailstock 25 is coaxially provided to face the Z-axis direction of the processing spindle stock 21. A tailstock center 26 that holds the other end of the crankshaft 70 a in the axial direction is attached to the left end of the processing tailstock 25. Therefore, the crankshaft 70a is supported at both ends by the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 26 through center holes formed on both end surfaces.

  The grinding wheel support device 30 includes a grinding wheel base traverse base 31, X-axis guide rails 32 and 33, an X-axis ball screw 34, an X-axis motor 35, a grinding wheel base 36, a grinding wheel 37, and a grinding wheel rotation motor 38. It has. The grinding wheel base traverse base 31 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape, and is slidably disposed on the grinding wheel head guide rails 12 and 13 on the upper surface of the bed 11. The grinding wheel base traverse base 31 is connected to a nut member of the grinding wheel head ball screw 15, and moves along the grinding wheel base guide rails 12 and 13 by driving the grinding wheel base Z-axis motor 16. On the upper surface of this traverse base 31, X-axis guide rails 32, 33 on which the grindstone base 36 can slide are formed so as to extend in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) in FIG. Has been. Further, an X-axis ball screw 34 for driving the grinding wheel base 36 in the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is disposed between the X-axis guide rails 32 and 33 on the traverse base 31. An X-axis motor 35 that rotationally drives 34 is disposed.

  The grinding wheel base 36 is slidably disposed on the X-axis guide rails 32 and 33 on the upper surface of the grinding wheel base traverse base 31. The grindstone base 36 is connected to the nut member of the X-axis ball screw 34, and moves along the X-axis guide rails 32 and 33 by driving the X-axis motor 35. In other words, the grindstone support device 30 is configured such that the grindstone base 36 can be moved relative to the bed 11 and the spindle device 20 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction (corresponding to the “first drive means” of the present invention). To do).

  And the hole penetrated in the left-right direction of FIG. 1 is formed in the lower side part of FIG. A grinding wheel rotating shaft member (not shown) is supported in the through hole of the grinding wheel base 36 so as to be rotatable around the grinding wheel central axis (around the Z axis). A grinding wheel 37 is coaxially attached to one end (the left end in FIG. 1) of the grinding wheel rotating shaft member. A grinding wheel rotating motor 38 is fixed to the upper surface of the grinding wheel base 36. A pulley is suspended between the other end of the grinding wheel rotating shaft member (the right end in FIG. 1) and the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel rotating motor 38, so that the grinding wheel 37 is driven by the grinding wheel rotating motor 38. Rotate around.

  In this manner, the grinding machine 10 rotates the crankshaft 70a held by the processing headstock 21 and the processing tailstock 25, the grinding wheel base 36 rotates the grinding wheel 37, and the grinding wheel base traverse 31 is the grinding wheel base. The machining part is configured by moving 36 relative to the machining headstock 21. Therefore, the processed part is disposed in the machine of the grinding machine 10.

  The control device 40 (corresponding to “control means” of the present invention) performs NC control of the rotation of the spindle device 20 and the rotation of the grinding wheel base 36, the X-axis position, and the Z-axis position. Further, the end face position of the workpiece is measured or the phase is indexed in the machining headstock 21 and a preset station 50 described later. Details of the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece and the indexing of the phase will be described later.

  Next, the configuration of the preset station 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the preset station 50 includes a preset spindle stock 51, a pseudo spindle center 52 (corresponding to the “first preset holder” of the present invention), a preset tailstock 53, a pseudo tailstock. Center 54 (corresponding to “second preset holding portion” of the present invention), measuring instrument 55, measuring instrument feeding device 56 (corresponding to “second driving means” of the present invention), and phase indexing rod 57 (Corresponding to the “phase indexing means” of the present invention) and a temporary support 58. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the preset station 50 is disposed above the machining headstock 21 and in the machine of the grinding machine 10.

  The preset spindle stock 51 is attached with a pseudo spindle center 52 formed in a pseudo manner on the spindle center 23 of the machining spindle stock 21. The pseudo spindle center 52 of the preset spindle stock 51 holds one end of the crankshaft 70 b at the preset station 50. Further, the preset spindle stock 51 rotates the crankshaft 70b held by the pseudo spindle center 52 by a preset spindle rotating motor (not shown). The preset tailstock 53 is coaxially provided facing the preset spindle stock 51 in the Z-axis direction. A pseudo tailstock center 54 that holds the other axial end of the crankshaft 70 b is attached to the left end of the preset tailstock 53. Therefore, the crankshaft 70b is supported at both ends by the pseudo main spindle center 52 and the pseudo tailstock center 54 through center holes formed on both side end surfaces. Further, in the preset station 50, the crankshaft 71a of the crankshaft 70a held on the machining headstock 21 and the crankshaft 71b of the crankshaft 70b held on the preset spindle stock 51 are located on the same vertical plane. Are arranged as follows.

  The measuring instrument 55 is a contact sensor that measures the position of the crank web 74 that is the end face of the crankshaft 70 b held by the preset spindle stock 51. The measuring instrument 55 is moved by the measuring instrument feeder 56 to the position of the crank web 74 to be measured. The measuring instrument feeding device 56 is, for example, a feeding device composed of a combination of a ball screw and a motor, and includes a mechanism capable of moving the measuring instrument 55 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. The phase indexing rod 57 is supported at its root by a rotary shaft base (not shown) fixed to the preset station 50. Then, the phase indexing rod 57 is rotated about the root portion by this rotating shaft base, and the tip end portion is disposed so as to contact a part of the crankshaft 70b. The provisional pedestal 58 is a pedestal on which a loader 60 described later can support journals 72 of the crankshaft 70b at a plurality of locations. The provisional stand 58 and a loader 60 described later temporarily support the crankshaft 70b carried into the preset station 50 until the preset spindle stock 51 holds it.

  Next, the configuration of the loader 60 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the loader 60 includes a loader beam 61 and a loading unit 62.

  The loader 60 is a device that conveys a workpiece in a production line including a plurality of machine tools and a plurality of peripheral devices in addition to the grinding machine 10. In such a case, for example, the plurality of grinding machines are arranged so that the axes of the workpieces held on the respective headstocks are located on the same vertical plane. And above these machine tools, the loader beam 61 is installed horizontally in the Z-axis direction.

  The loading unit 62 includes a loader arm 63, a loader hand 64, gripping claws 65a, 65b, 66a, 66b, and an actuator 67. The loading unit 62 is NC controlled to move and position along the loader beam 61. The loader arm 63 is provided so as to be movable and positioned in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction) from the carrier portion of the loading unit 62 suspended from the loader beam 61. The loader hand 64 is connected to the lower end of the loader arm 63 so as to be tiltable about the Z axis. The loader hand 64 is provided with gripping claws 65a and 65b and gripping claws 66a and 66b. The gripping claws 65a and the gripping claws 65b are each formed in an inverted V shape and are provided side by side so that the gripping center coincides with the Z-axis direction as shown in FIG. The gripping claws 66a and 66b are configured in the same manner as the gripping claws 65a and 65b, and are arranged 90 degrees apart from each other about the tilting axis of the loader hand 64, as shown in FIG. The grip claws 65a, 65b, 66a, 66b are controlled to be opened and closed by an actuator (not shown) to grip and release the workpiece. The actuator 67 is provided at the lower end of the loader arm 63, and the loader hand 64 is tilted by a control command to be positioned at a predetermined angle.

  As described above, the loader 60 can transport a workpiece in a production line including a plurality of machine tools and a plurality of peripheral devices. Here, the preset station 50 is arranged so that the axis of the workpiece held on the preset spindle stock 51 and the axis of the workpiece held on the machining spindle stock 21 are located on the same vertical plane. That is, the loader 60 constitutes a transport unit that can transport from the preset station 50 to the processing unit having the processing headstock 21. In the present embodiment, since the preset station 50 is in the machine of the grinding machine 10, the conveying unit is arranged in the machine of the grinding machine 10.

  The crankshaft 70 a includes a journal 72 having a crankshaft 71 a as an axis, a crankpin 73, and a crank web 74. The journal 72 is a part formed in a columnar shape with the crankshaft 71a as an axis. Moreover, the journal 72 located at both ends of the crankshaft 70a has a center hole formed in the end surface. As a result, the machining portion holds the spindle center 23 of the machining spindle stock 21 and the tailstock center 26 of the machining tailstock 25. The crank pin 73 is a part formed in a cylindrical shape that is eccentric with respect to the crank shaft 71a, and is a part to be processed in the present embodiment. The crank web 74 is located at both ends of the crank pin 73 and is a plate-like portion perpendicular to the crank web 74, and connects the journal 72 and the crank pin 73.

  The crankshaft 70b is the same workpiece as the crankshaft 70a. In the present embodiment, the crankshaft 70b is held in the preset station 50 before the grinding process in the processing section.

  A method of grinding the crankshafts 70a and 70b in the grinding machine system 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the measurement of the end face position of the crankshaft 70b. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the indexing of the phase of the crankshaft 70b.

  First, in the grinding machine 10 of the processing portion, the crankshaft 70 a is held by the processing headstock 21 and the processing tailstock 25. The main shaft 22 is rotated by a main shaft rotating motor 24 and rotationally drives the crankshaft 70 a via the main shaft center 23. On the other hand, the grindstone table 36 is positioned so that the center of the width of the crank pin 73 as the part to be ground and the center of the width of the grinding wheel 37 coincide with the X-axis direction by moving relative to the machining headstock 21. To do. Then, grinding is performed by bringing the grinding wheel 37 rotated by the built-in grinding wheel rotation motor into contact with the crank pin 73.

  Further, since the grinding process is performed over the entire circumference of the crank pin 73, the state in which the grinding wheel 37 is in contact with the crank pin 73 is maintained, and the rotation of the main shaft 22 and the movement of the grinding wheel base traverse 31 in the X-axis direction are performed. Process in sync with. When the grinding process for one crankpin 73 is completed, the above-described positioning is performed for another crankpin 73, and the grinding wheel 37 is brought into contact with the crankpin 73 to perform the grinding process over the entire circumference. This is repeated as many times as the number of crank pins 73 included in the crankshaft 70a to form one grinding process.

  Thus, in the case of grinding, it is necessary to measure the position of the center of the width of the crankpin 73 and index the phase of the crankshaft 70a after holding the workpiece on the processing headstock 21. The position of the center of the width of the crankpin 73 may be obtained by measuring the end surface position of the crank web 74 located at both ends of the crankpin 73. Alternatively, the phase of the crankshaft 70 a may be indexed from the inclination of the phase indexing rod 57 by rotating the crankshaft 70 a with the phase indexing rod 57 in contact with the crankpin 73. In addition, a method of providing a pin hole in the journal 72 and the crank web 74 and a method using a non-contact sensor are known. Conventionally, the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece and the indexing of the phase are performed after the workpiece is held on the machining headstock 21 in any case. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the preset station 50 precedes the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece or the indexing of the phase.

  In a state where the loader 60 transports the crankshaft 70a to the processing portion and the grinding process is performed, the preset station 50 performs a grinding preparation process for measuring the end face position and indexing the phase with respect to the crankshaft 70b. . Here, the crankshaft 70b is a workpiece that is then transported to the machining section and subjected to a grinding process.

  Next, measurement of the end face position of the crankshaft 70b at the preset station 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the crankshaft 70 b is held by the pseudo spindle center 52 of the preset spindle stock 51 and the pseudo tailstock center 54 of the preset tailstock 53. Then, the measuring instrument 55 is moved by the measuring instrument feeder 56 to substantially the center of the crankpin 73 that is the part to be ground. Thereafter, the tip portion of the measuring instrument 55 is moved in the X-axis direction so as to approach the crank pin 73, and the measuring instrument 55 is reciprocated in the Z-axis direction, thereby measuring the position of contact with the crank web 74. This is repeated by the number of crankpins 73 included in the crankshaft 70b, and the position of the center of the width of each crankpin 73 is measured.

  In addition, the crankshaft 70b employs a pseudo main shaft center 52 formed in a pseudo manner in the main shaft center 23 in a manner similar to the holding state of the crankshaft 70b in the machining portion, and is formed in a pseudo manner in the tailstock center 26. The pseudo tailstock center 54 is used. Here, if the hole diameter of the center hole formed in both end faces of the crankshaft 70b has a variation due to individual differences, when the workpiece is held by the center, the workpiece is Z-axis due to this variation. There is a risk of shifting in the direction. However, in the present embodiment, the pseudo main spindle center 52 and the pseudo tailstock center 54 as described above are employed. Therefore, when a deviation in the Z-axis direction occurs in the machining portion, the same deviation occurs in the preset station 50. Will also occur. Therefore, the end face position of the crankshaft 70b is measured in a state where this deviation is included.

  Next, the indexing of the phase of the crankshaft 70b in the preset station 50 will be described. When the crankshaft 70 b is conveyed to the preset station 50 by the loader 60, the crankshaft 70 b is first placed on the temporary support 58. In this state, the phase of the crankshaft 70b is unknown. Next, the crankshaft 70 b is held by the preset spindle stock 51 and the preset tailstock 53. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the phase indexing rod 57 is inclined so that the tip end is brought into contact with the crank pin 73. The state where the tip of the phase indexing rod 57 is in contact is maintained, and the crankshaft 70 b is driven to rotate by the preset spindle stock 51. Thereby, the inclination angle of the phase index rod 57 gradually changes. Then, since the phase of the crankshaft 70b can be detected from the inclination angle, the crankshaft 70b is rotated until a predetermined phase is reached, and the phase is determined.

  As described above, in the preset station 50, for the workpiece to be subjected to the next grinding process, the end face position is measured or the phase is indexed as a grinding preparation process. Then, the crankshaft 70 b is held on the machining headstock 21 through a conveyance process of conveyance from the preset station 50 to the machining unit by the loader 60. Further, in the processing section, an auxiliary measurement process by the end face measuring instrument 17 and the phase measuring instrument 18 is performed. This is because even if the pseudo spindle center 52 and the pseudo tailstock center 54 formed in a pseudo manner in the preset station 50 are produced, an error will affect the result of the grinding preparation process. In addition, an error due to a measuring instrument or an error due to a conveyance process can be considered. Therefore, the measurement of the end face position or the phase index is performed again at the processing unit. At this time, there is no need to perform detailed measurement and indexing as in the prior art, and auxiliary measurement or indexing for grasping the error described above is used. The end surface measuring instrument 17 may be, for example, the measuring instrument 55 of the preset station 50 or a non-contact sensor. Similarly, the phase measurement 18 may be, for example, the phase index rod 57 of the preset station 50 or a non-contact sensor.

  Each process mentioned above is demonstrated in series. First, the loader 60 carries the crankshaft 70 b that has been pre-processed into the preset station 50. At this time, the crankshaft 70a and the crankshaft 70b which have completed the grinding preparation process at the preset station 50 are exchanged. Next, as a transport process, the crankshaft 70a is transported from the preset station 50 to the processing section while maintaining the phase of the crankshaft 70a, and replaced with a crankshaft that has finished the grinding process. Next, when the crankshaft 70a is held on the machining headstock 21, the end face measuring instrument 17 and the phase measuring instrument 18 can easily measure the end face position of the crankshaft 70a and determine the phase as an auxiliary preparation step. . At this time, the loader 60 unloads the crankshaft that has finished the gripping process to the next process and loads the crankshaft 70 that has completed the previous process to the preset station 50. Thus, in the series of processes, the control device 40 controls the grinding process and the grinding preparation process to be performed simultaneously.

<Effect>
According to the grinding machine system 1 and the grinding method described above, the grinding preparation process can be performed for the workpiece to be ground next at the same time as the workpiece is ground in the machining portion, so that the total machining time is reduced. It can be shortened. In the preset station 50, the end face position is measured or the phase is indexed for the purpose of holding the workpiece on the machining headstock 21 in a predetermined state and for grinding the workpiece by the grinding wheel 37. Thereby, the grinding preparation process which has been performed after holding the workpiece on the machining headstock 21 can be performed in advance.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a comparison with the prior art will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the cycle time in grinding. (A) is a conventional grinding machine, and (B) is the grinding machine system 1 of the present invention. a1 and b1 are actual machining times for grinding. a2 is the total time required for the grinding preparation process performed after holding the workpiece on the machining headstock 21. Further, b2 is the total time required for the auxiliary measurement process performed after the grinding preparation process is completed at the preset station 50 and the workpiece is held on the machining headstock 21. Here, since the grinding preparation process performed in the preset station 50 is performed simultaneously with the grinding process of b1, the time required for the grinding preparation process is not counted as a cycle time. a3 and b3 are the total time required for rapid feed and traverse feed in the X-axis direction of the grindstone table 36, workpiece attachment / detachment, truing, and the like.

  First, regarding (A), the cycle time (a1 + a2 + a3) is 161 seconds and the non-machining time (a2 + a3) is 77 seconds, so the ratio of the non-machining time to the total machining time is about 48%. In other words, if the grinding preparation process is performed after the workpiece is held on the machining headstock 21, the proportion of non-machining time increases.

  On the other hand, for (B), the cycle time (b1 + b2 + b3) is 115 seconds and the non-machining time (b2 + b3) is 31 seconds, so the ratio of the non-machining time to the total machining time is about 27%. That is, by performing the grinding preparation process in advance at the preset station 50, a time (b2) required for the auxiliary measurement process is newly added, but the proportion of the non-processing time can be significantly reduced. That is, about 29% of the total processing time can be shortened as compared with the conventional grinding machine (A).

<Others>
In the present embodiment, the crank pin 73, which is an eccentric work part of the crankshafts 70a and 70b, is ground. On the other hand, the present invention can also be applied to the case of grinding a journal 72 that is not eccentric. Alternatively, the grinding may be performed by holding the crankshaft 73 on the machining headstock 21 so as not to be eccentric. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to grinding a circular workpiece having a cylindrical or cylindrical shaft shape. In such a grinding process as well, the position of the end face of the workpiece is measured prior to the grinding process at the processing unit at the preset station 50. As a result, the time required for measuring the end face position on the machining headstock 21 can be omitted, so that the total machining time can be shortened. Therefore, even in the above-described case, the same effect can be obtained by the present invention.

  Further, the first machining holding part and the second machining holding part were used as the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 26, respectively. Similarly, the first preset holding portion and the second preset holding portion are set as the pseudo spindle center 52 and the pseudo tailstock center 54, respectively. On the other hand, at least one of the first processing holding portion and the second processing holding portion is a chuck that grips an end portion of the workpiece, and at least one of the first preset holding portion and the second preset holding portion. May be a chuck for gripping the end of the workpiece. With such a configuration, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the measurement of the end face position of the workpiece or the indexing of the phase at the preset station 50. In the case of a workpiece having an axial shape, there may be individual differences in the shape and position of the end due to pre-processing or material shape. In such a case, when the end portion of the workpiece is gripped by the chuck at the processing portion, a deviation occurs in the rotation axis direction between the individual workpieces. Therefore, in the preset station 50, the end portion of the workpiece is gripped by the chuck in the same manner as the processing unit, so that the deviation between the solids generated in the processing unit can be grasped. Therefore, measurement and indexing in consideration of the amount of deviation can be performed, and the accuracy can be improved.

  Moreover, although the preset station 50 shall be arrange | positioned in the machine of the grinding machine 10, it is good also as a structure arrange | positioned outside the machine. This is useful for, for example, a twin-head type grinding machine in which a sufficient space for arranging the preset station 50 cannot be secured, for example, by controlling two grinding wheels for grinding. In such a case, the preset station 50 may be a peripheral device in the production line. That is, it arrange | positions so that the axis | shaft of the workpiece | work which the preset station 50 hold | maintains and the axis | shaft of the workpiece | work which other machine tools hold | maintain may be on the same perpendicular plane. Thereby, the loader which consists of a simple structure can be used for conveyance of a workpiece. However, it is preferable that the preset station 50 is arranged in the machine of the grinding machine 10 from the viewpoint of the distance of the transfer unit and the transfer time.

1st embodiment: It is the top view which abbreviate | omitted the preset station 50 and the loader 60 from the grinding machine system 1. FIG. It is the top view which omitted the loader from the grinding machine system. 1 is a front view of a grinding machine system 1. FIG. It is an A direction arrow directional view in FIG. It is a figure which shows the measurement of the end surface position of the crankshaft 70b. It is a figure which shows the indexing of the phase of the crankshaft 70b. It is a graph which shows the cycle time in grinding.

Explanation of symbols

1: Grinding machine system 10: Grinding machine, 11: Bed, 12, 13: Guide rail for grinding wheel table 14: Workpiece table, 15: Ball screw for grinding wheel table, 16: Z-axis motor for grinding wheel table 17: End surface measuring instrument 18: Phase measuring device 20: Spindle device 21: Spindle head for machining 22: Spindle 23: Spindle center (first machining holding portion) 24: Spindle rotation motor 25: Tailstock for machining 26: Spindle Pushing center (second machining holder)
30: Whetstone support device, 31: Whetstone traverse base 32, 33: X axis guide rail, 34: X axis ball screw, 35: X axis motor 36: Whetstone base, 37: Whetstone wheel, 38: Whetstone rotation motor 40 : Control device (control means)
50: Preset station 51: Preset headstock 52: Pseudo spindle center (first preset holder) 53: Preset tailstock 54: Pseudo tailstock (second preset holder) 55: Measuring instrument 56 : Measuring instrument feeder (second drive means)
57: Phase indexing rod (phase indexing means), 58: Temporary cradle 60: Loader, 61: Loader beam, 62: Loading unit 63: Loader arm, 64: Loader hand 65a, 65b, 66a, 66b: Grip claw 67: Actuator 70a, 70b: Crankshaft (workpiece) 71a, 71b: Crankshaft 72: Journal 73: Crank pin 74: Crank web

Claims (17)

A grinding machine system for grinding a workpiece having a plurality of parts to be ground, each of which is a workpiece made of a shaft and has corresponding end faces .
A processing headstock that holds the workpiece and rotationally drives the workpiece, a grinding wheel base that can rotationally drive a grinding wheel and move relative to the processing headstock, the processing headstock, A first drive means for relatively moving the grinding wheel platform,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock by the grinding wheel, Prior to holding the workpiece by the machining headstock, a preset station that measures and acquires the end surface position of the end surface corresponding to each of the parts to be ground in the workpiece ;
A transport unit for transporting the workpiece from the preset station to the processing unit;
Control means for simultaneously controlling the grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel and measuring the end face position of the workpiece at the preset station;
With
The machining unit is configured to obtain an end surface position of at least one same end surface among the end surface positions of the plurality of end surfaces measured at the preset station for the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock. Measure and
The control means uses the grindstone based on the end face position of each end face corresponding to each to-be-ground part of the workpiece acquired in the preset station, with the end face position measured in the machining section as a reference. A grinding machine system for controlling grinding of each workpiece to be ground of the workpiece by a vehicle . In claim 1,
The preset station includes a preset headstock for holding the workpiece, a measuring instrument for measuring an end surface position of the workpiece held on the preset headstock, and relatively moving the measuring instrument and the workpiece. Second driving means,
The said control means controls the grinding process of the said workpiece by the said grinding wheel based on the end surface position of the said workpiece measured by the said measuring device, The grinding machine system characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 2,
The workpiece is a crankshaft having a journal, a crankpin and a crank web,
The grinding machine system characterized in that the measuring device measures end face positions of the crank web located at both ends of the journal or the crank pin. A grinding machine system for grinding a workpiece having a shaft shape having a non-round or eccentric machining part,
A processing headstock that holds the workpiece and rotationally drives the workpiece, a grinding wheel base that can rotationally drive a grinding wheel and move relative to the processing headstock, the processing headstock, A first drive means for relatively moving the grinding wheel platform,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock by the grinding wheel, A preset station for indexing the phase of the workpiece prior to holding the workpiece by the machining headstock;
A transport unit for transporting the workpiece from the preset station to the processing unit;
Control means for simultaneously controlling grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel and indexing the phase of the workpiece in the preset station;
A grinding machine system comprising: In claim 4 ,
The preset station has a preset headstock for holding the workpiece, and phase indexing means for indexing the phase of the workpiece held on the preset headstock,
The grinder system characterized in that the control means controls grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel based on the phase of the workpiece indexed by the phase indexing means. In claim 5 ,
The grinding machine system characterized in that the conveying unit is capable of conveying the workpiece while maintaining the phase of the workpiece between the preset station and the processing unit. In claim 6 ,
The machining unit has a phase measuring instrument that measures the phase measured by the measuring instrument in the preset station for the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock.
The said control means controls the grinding process of the said workpiece by the said grinding wheel based on the phase of the said workpiece indexed by the said phase measuring device, The grinding machine system characterized by the above-mentioned. In any one of claims 1 to 7
The machining headstock has a first machining holding part for holding one end of the workpiece,
The grinding machine system according to claim 1, wherein the preset headstock includes a first preset holding portion that is formed in a pseudo manner on the first machining holding portion and holds one end of the workpiece. In claim 8 ,
The machining unit has a second machining holding unit that holds the other end of the workpiece,
The grinding machine system, wherein the preset station has a second preset holding part that is formed in a pseudo manner on the second machining holding part and holds the other end of the workpiece. In claim 9 ,
The first machining holding portion and the first preset holding portion are centers for centering the rotation axis of the workpiece at one end of the workpiece,
The grinding machine system, wherein the second machining holding section and the second preset holding section are a center for centering a rotation axis of the workpiece at the other end of the workpiece. In claim 9 ,
At least one of the first machining holding part and the second machining holding part is a chuck that grips an end of the workpiece,
At least one of the first preset holding unit and the second preset holding unit is a chuck that holds an end of the workpiece. In any one of claims 1 to 11
The processing unit, the preset station, and the transfer unit are arranged in a grinding machine. In claim 12 ,
The preset station is arranged so that the axis of the workpiece held on the machining headstock and the axis of the workpiece held on the preset spindle stock are located on the same vertical plane,
The transport unit has a loader hand capable of gripping the workpiece, and moves only in two directions, that is, a vertical direction with respect to the machining headstock and an axial direction of the workpiece held on the machining headstock. A grinder system characterized by being a loader capable. A grinding machine system for grinding a workpiece having a shaft shape having a non-round or eccentric machining part,
A processing headstock that holds the workpiece and rotationally drives the workpiece, a grinding wheel base that can rotationally drive a grinding wheel and move relative to the processing headstock, the processing headstock, A first drive means for relatively moving the grinding wheel platform,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock by the grinding wheel, A preset station for measuring the position of the end face of the workpiece and indexing the phase of the workpiece prior to holding the workpiece by the machining headstock;
A transport unit for transporting the workpiece from the preset station to the processing unit;
Control means for simultaneously controlling the grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel, measuring the position of the end face of the workpiece at the preset station, and indexing the phase of the workpiece;
A grinding machine system comprising: A grinding method for grinding a workpiece having a plurality of parts to be ground, each of which is a workpiece having a shaft shape and provided with corresponding end faces ,
A grinding step of grinding the workpiece by relatively moving a grinding wheel table that rotationally drives the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece rotatably held on the machining headstock,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock, the processing spindle stock Prior to holding the workpiece by the grinding preparation step of measuring and acquiring the end surface position of the end surface corresponding to each of the parts to be ground in the workpiece at a preset station,
A conveying step of conveying the workpiece from the preset station to the machining headstock;
Auxiliary measurement for measuring the end face position of at least one end face among the end face positions of the plurality of end faces measured in the grinding preparation step with respect to the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock. Process,
With
While simultaneously performing the grinding step and the grinding preparation step ,
The grinding step is based on the end face position of each end face corresponding to each to-be-ground part of the workpiece obtained in the grinding preparation step, with the end face position measured in the auxiliary measurement step as a reference, A grinding method comprising grinding each of the parts to be ground of the workpiece by the grinding wheel. A grinding method for grinding a workpiece having a shaft shape having a non-circular or eccentric machining part,
A grinding step of grinding the workpiece by relatively moving a grinding wheel table that rotationally drives the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece rotatably held on the machining headstock,
In order to hold the workpiece in a predetermined state on the machining headstock, and to grind the workpiece held in the predetermined state on the processing spindle stock, the processing spindle stock Prior to holding the workpiece by the grinding preparation step of indexing the phase of the workpiece at a preset station;
A conveying step of conveying the workpiece from the preset station to the machining headstock;
With
The grinding method characterized by performing the said grinding process and the said grinding preparation process simultaneously. In claim 16 ,
Furthermore, an auxiliary indexing step for indexing the phase of the workpiece indexed in the grinding preparation step for the workpiece conveyed from the preset station and held on the machining headstock,
The grinding step includes grinding the workpiece by the grinding wheel based on the phase of the workpiece indexed in the grinding preparation step and the phase of the workpiece indexed in the auxiliary indexing step. A characteristic grinding method.

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