JP5313087B2 - Hot water storage hot water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply and heating device.

  Conventionally, in this type of hot water storage type hot water supply device, heat pump heating means is used to heat the water in the hot water storage tank by circulating heat in the midnight hours to store the amount of hot water required for daytime hot water heating. There is one in which warm water heated by means is directly circulated through a heating heat exchanger in parallel with a hot water storage tank for heating (for example, Patent Document 1).

  Moreover, there exist some which respond | correspond to the case where the request | requirement of hot water storage and the request | requirement of heating exist simultaneously (for example, patent document 2).

  This includes a flow direction detecting means for detecting whether hot water is flowing in or out of the hot water storage tank, and a control means for controlling the capability of the heating circulation pump or the heat exchange circulation pump based on the output of the flow direction detecting means. If the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank decreases due to the use of hot water during direct warming operation, and the request for heating operation and the request for hot water storage operation occur at the same time, the control means directly controls the heating means and the heating circulation pump. While performing the warming operation, the circulation switching means is switched so that the heating circulation circuit can circulate, and the heat exchange circulation pump is driven, and the heating capacity of the heating means cannot catch up with the heating load when performing the direct warming operation. In such a case, the control means switches the circulation switching means so that the heating circulation circuit can circulate while performing the direct heating operation by the heating means and the heating circulation pump. Rutotomoni, drives the heat exchange circulating pump, the control means controls the capacity of the heat exchange circulation pump to the flow direction is a direction flowing into the hot water storage tank to be detected of the flow direction detecting means.

  As a result, the heat storage operation can be performed simultaneously with the direct heating operation, the heating operation can be performed with the capacity of the heating means added to the heat storage capacity in the hot water storage tank, and the substantial heating capacity is greatly increased. Is something that can be done.

JP 2004-28414 A JP 2006-46802 A

  By the way, when the heating operation is floor heating and the floor warming operation is performed for 24 hours and the defrosting operation is performed under the condition that the outside air temperature is 5 degrees or less, the heating operation is the direct heating operation. In the state of midnight boiling operation at the same time, if the heating load is small, the amount of medium temperature water increases in the hot water storage tank, and if the heat pump heating means is heated at midnight with the rated output, the boiling is completed quickly, After the boiling is completed, the floor warming operation is switched to the heat accumulating operation using the hot water in the hot water storage tank, and in the early morning when the midnight time period ends, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank during the late-night boiling operation is the heat accumulating operation. The amount of hot water stored in the hot water is decreasing, and the heat pump heating means must be operated to heat the hot water in the hot water tank during the daytime when electricity charges are high.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a heating means having an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting an outside air temperature and having a heat pump unit for heating the hot water and hot water heated by the heating means. A hot water storage tank that includes a hot water storage tank and a heating means that performs a warm storage operation using hot water in the hot water storage tank or a direct heating operation using hot water heated by a heating means, and performs an operation for boiling hot water in the hot water storage tank at midnight in the formula hot water heating system, perform the boiling operation in the middle of the night time zone while performing the heating operation, carried out Chokudan operation until the boiling operation is completed,蓄暖operation after the boiling operation has been completed when performing, boiling at the output an output of the heating means of boiling operation during late night hours start, and an output which is lower than rated output by multiplying the output reduction coefficient to the rated output, which is lower than its rated output The rise time is calculated, and then the Wakiagari time is midnight in time zone, and performs boiling operation in the state with reduced output of the heating means.

Further, in claim 2, in the hot-water storage type hot water heating apparatus according to claim 1, the output of the heating means of boiling operation during late night hours starting, than the rated output by multiplying the output reduction coefficient to the rated output Calculate the boiling time at an output that is lower than the rated output, and when the boiling time is within the midnight time zone, repeat the calculation with a smaller output reduction factor, and the calculated boiling time When is out of the midnight time zone, the boiling operation is performed with an output obtained by multiplying the rated output of the heating means by the output reduction coefficient immediately before the calculation.

  Further, in claim 3, in the hot water storage type hot water supply / room heating device according to claim 2, the boiling time includes a boiling time in which the temperature of water entering the heating means is low, and a temperature in which the temperature of water entering the heating means is intermediate. It consists of the total boiling time.

Further, in claim 4, in the hot water storage type hot water heater according to claim 3, the boiling time when the temperature of the water entering the heating means is low is the amount of low temperature water in the hot water storage tank, the target boiling temperature and the water supply. The product multiplied by the temperature difference between the temperatures is divided by the hot water storage capacity obtained by subtracting the heating load calorific value at the start of midnight hours from the product of the rated output value of the heating means and the output reduction coefficient. The boiling time when the temperature is medium is calculated by multiplying the amount of medium temperature water in the hot water storage tank by the temperature difference between the boiling target temperature and the temperature of the medium temperature water, the rated output value of the heating means, the output reduction coefficient, and the high temperature water injection. It is the product of the hot water storage capacity obtained by subtracting the heating load heat amount at the start of the midnight time period from the multiplication value of the output reduction coefficient.

Further, in claim 5, in the hot water storage hot water heater according to claim 4, when the outside air temperature detecting means detects the outside air temperature below the temperature at which the defrosting operation occurs, the temperature of water entering the heating means is low. The hot water storage capacity when calculating the boiling time of the subtracting the heating load calorific value at the start of midnight hours from the product of the rated output value of the heating means, the output reduction coefficient, and the output reduction coefficient due to defrosting , The hot water storage capacity when calculating the boiling time when the incoming water temperature to the heating means is medium temperature is calculated from the product of the rated output value of the heating means, the output reduction coefficient, the output reduction coefficient due to high temperature incoming water, and the output reduction coefficient due to defrosting. Subtracting the heating load calorie at the start of the time zone

According to claim 1 of the present invention, when the output of the heating means is multiplied by the output reduction coefficient by multiplying the output of the heating means by the output reduction coefficient at the start of the midnight time period, the boiling time is calculated, and the boiling time is calculated. During the midnight hours, the boiling operation is performed with the output of the heating means lowered, so the direct heating operation is performed until just before the end time of the midnight hours when the boiling operation ends, and the high temperature in the hot water storage tank Water is not used for the heating operation, so that more hot water can be stored at the end of the night time zone while performing the heating operation at midnight time zone.

  In addition, since the heating operation is performed by lowering the output of the heating means, the defrosting rate can be reduced and the coefficient of performance can be improved, and the load on the refrigerant compressor of the heat pump unit of the heating means can be reduced to reduce the life of the heat pump unit. Can be extended.

According to claim 2 of the present invention, in the hot water storage type hot water heater according to claim 1, the output of the heating means is multiplied by the rated output and the output reduction coefficient at the start of the midnight time zone. Calculate the boiling time when the output is reduced, and repeat the calculation with a smaller output reduction factor when the boiling time is within the midnight time period, and the calculated boiling time is outside the midnight time period. Since the boiling operation is performed at the output obtained by multiplying the rated output of the heating means by the output reduction coefficient of the previous calculation, the boiling operation is completed by the end time of the midnight time zone. Since the boiling operation can be ended as much as possible immediately before the end time, more hot water can be stored at the end of the night time zone while performing the heating operation in the late night time zone.

  In addition, since the heating operation is performed by lowering the output of the heating means, the defrosting rate can be further lowered and the coefficient of performance can be improved, and further, the load on the refrigerant compressor of the heat pump unit of the heating means can be reduced and the heat pump unit The lifetime of 1 can be further extended.

  Moreover, according to the hot water storage type hot water supply and heating device of the third aspect of the present invention, in the hot water storage type hot water supply and heating device of the second aspect, the boiling time includes a boiling time when the temperature of water entering the heating means is low, and Since the temperature of water entering the heating means is the sum of the boiling time of the medium temperature, the boiling time can be accurately calculated according to the state of the hot water in the hot water storage tank.

According to claim 4 of the present invention, there is provided a hot water storage hot water heater according to claim 3, wherein the boiling time when the temperature of the water entering the heating means is low is a low temperature in the hot water storage tank. The product of the amount of water and the temperature difference between the boiling target temperature and the feed water temperature is divided by the hot water storage capacity obtained by subtracting the heating load heat quantity at the start of midnight hours from the product of the rated output value of the heating means and the output reduction coefficient. The boiling time when the temperature of the water entering the heating means is medium is the product of the amount of medium temperature water in the hot water tank and the temperature difference between the boiling target temperature and the temperature of the medium temperature water. Since the heating capacity is calculated by subtracting the heating load calorific value at the start of midnight hours from the product of the value, the output reduction coefficient and the output reduction coefficient due to high-temperature water input, the water storage temperature to the heating means is used to calculate the boiling time of the medium temperature. Output reduction coefficient due to high-temperature incoming water Consideration to one in which more accurate boiling can be calculated time.

According to claim 5 of the present invention, in the hot water storage type hot water supply and heating device according to claim 4, when the outside air temperature detecting means detects an outside air temperature below the temperature at which the defrosting operation occurs. The hot water storage capacity when calculating the boiling time when the incoming water temperature to the heating means is low is the heating at the start of the midnight time period based on the product of the rated output value of the heating means, the output reduction coefficient, and the output reduction coefficient due to defrosting. are those of the heat load by subtracting, hot water storage capacity when incoming water temperature to the heating means for calculating a boiling time of moderate temperatures, output reduction coefficient by the output reduction coefficient and high temperature water inlet and the rated output value of the heating means and defrosting The heating load calorific value at the start of the midnight time period is subtracted from the product of the output reduction coefficient due to, so the more accurate boiling time is calculated taking into account the output reduction caused by the defrosting operation due to the decrease in outside air temperature It can be done.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. The flowchart for demonstrating the heating up operation of the same midnight time zone.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  Reference numeral 1 denotes a hot water storage tank unit, a hot water storage tank 2 for storing hot water, a water supply pipe 3 having one end connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 2, a heating forward pipe 4 having one end connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 2, and the heating forward A heating circulation pump 5 provided in the pipe 4, a hot water discharge pipe 6 having one end connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 2, a tank upper connection pipe 7 having one end connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 2, and one end substantially similar to the hot water storage tank 2. A tank return pipe 8 connected to the central portion, a distribution valve 9 to which the other end of the tank upper connection pipe 7 is connected, and a plurality of hot water storages provided on the upper and lower sides of the hot water storage tank 2 for detecting the hot water storage temperature in the hot water storage tank 2. The temperature sensors 10a to 10e are provided.

  A heat pump unit 11 is a heat source unit that heats hot water in the hot water storage tank 2, and performs heat exchange between the hot water in the hot water tank 2 and a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to heat the hot water. The heat of the refrigerant is obtained by exchanging heat between the decompressor 12, the decompressor 13 that adiabatically expands the refrigerant radiated by the refrigerant / water heat exchanger 12, and the refrigerant decompressed through the decompressor 13 and the atmosphere. A refrigerant evaporator 14 that raises the temperature, an electric fan 15 that is provided in the refrigerant evaporator 14 to promote heat exchange between the refrigerant and the atmosphere, and sucks, compresses, and discharges the refrigerant (carbon dioxide in this embodiment). A refrigerant compressor 16 and an outside air temperature sensor 17 for detecting the outside air temperature are further provided.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes a heating unit, which is a heating heat exchanger 19 that heats the heat medium circulating in the heating unit 18 by exchanging heat between the heat medium circulating in the heating unit 18 and hot water flowing from the hot water storage tank unit 1. And a floor heating device 20 that heats the heated heat medium passing through and dissipating heat, a brine circulation pump 21 that circulates the heat medium between the heating heat exchanger 19 and the floor heating device 20, The hot water storage tank unit 1 is provided with a heat source water circulation pump 22 for supplying hot water from the hot water storage tank unit 1 to the heating heat exchanger 19 and returning the hot water from the tank return pipe 8 to the hot water storage tank unit 1.

Next, the heating operation will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, as the heating operation by the heating unit 17 including the floor heating device 20, first, there is a warm-up operation by hot water of the hot water storage tank unit 1.

This is because the heat source water circulation pump 22 is operated so that the hot water in the hot water storage tank unit 1 is transferred from the tank upper connection pipe 7 at the upper part of the hot water storage tank unit 1 through the distribution valve 9 to the heating heat exchanger 19 of the heating unit 18. Then, heat is exchanged between the heating medium circulated in the heating unit 18 by the brine circulation pump 21 and the heat exchanger 19 for heating, and hot water whose temperature is lowered while heating the heating medium is stored in the tank return pipe 8. It returns to the center part of the tank unit 1.
Thereby, the high temperature water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank unit 1 gradually decreases, and the intermediate temperature water in the central part of the hot water storage tank unit 1 gradually increases.

  If the hot water in the hot water storage tank unit 1 is not desired to be reduced when the hot water in the hot water storage tank unit 1 reaches a temperature equal to or lower than the medium temperature water, the hot water in the hot water storage tank unit 1 is heated by the heat pump unit 11. There is a direct warming operation by the heated hot water.

This is because heat circulating pump 5 is operated and low temperature water in hot water tank unit 1 flows into refrigerant / water heat exchanger 12 of heat pump unit 11 from heating forward pipe 4 at the lower part of hot water tank unit 1 to exchange heat. The heated hot water is caused to flow into the heating heat exchanger 19 of the heating unit 18 through the distribution valve 9, and the heating medium circulated in the heating unit 18 and the heating heat exchanger 19 Heat exchange is performed, the heating medium is heated, and the hot water whose temperature is lowered is returned to the central portion of the hot water storage tank unit 1 by the tank return pipe 8.
Accordingly, the hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank unit 1 does not decrease, and the intermediate hot water gradually increases from the central part to the lower part of the hot water storage tank unit 1.

Next, the case where the midnight heating operation is performed while the heating operation is continuously operated under the condition where the defrosting operation occurs is described.
When the heating operation is continuously performed in the state where the outside air temperature is 5 degrees or less and the defrosting operation is generated, and the midnight heating operation is performed in that state, the output of the heat pump unit 11 is first rated output. The output reduction coefficient D to be kept lower is set to 0.9 (S1), and the boiling time t when the output of the heat pump unit 11 is kept lower than the rated output is calculated. (S2)

The boiling time t is the sum of the boiling time t1 when the incoming water temperature to the heat pump unit 11 is less than 20 degrees and the boiling time t2 when the incoming water temperature to the heat pump unit 11 is 20 degrees or more and less than 60 degrees. (S3)
Furthermore, the above t1 is a product of the effective hot water volume L1 when the incoming water temperature to the heat pump unit 11 is less than 20 degrees and the actual boiling temperature T1 when the incoming water temperature to the heat pump unit 11 is less than 20 degrees, considering the output reduction due to defrosting. The t2 is calculated by dividing the actual hot water storage capacity H1 by the product of 860, which is a tcc calorie conversion coefficient, and the above t2 is an actual hot water volume L2 of less than 60 degrees and an actual water temperature of 20 degrees or more and less than 60 degrees. This is obtained by dividing the product of the boiling temperature T2 by the product of the actual hot water storage capacity H2 taking into account the output reduction due to defrosting and high-temperature incoming water and 860 which is a tcc calorie conversion coefficient.

  Here, L1 is obtained by subtracting the amount of hot water L20 of 20 degrees or more in the tank from the product of the actual boiling rate 0.95 and the tank capacity L, and the T1 is the water supply temperature Tc from the boiling target temperature Te. The above L2 is obtained by subtracting the amount of hot water L60 of 60 degrees or more in the tank from the amount of hot water L20 of 20 degrees or more in the tank, and the above T2 is the representative temperature from the boiling target temperature Te. It is reduced by 40 degrees.

  H1 is obtained by subtracting the heating load heat quantity Q at 23:00, which is the start time of the midnight time period, from the product of rated output Wr, output reduction coefficient D, and output reduction rate D1 due to defrosting 0.85. Yes, H2 reduces the heating load heat quantity Q at 23:00, which is the start time of the midnight time period, from the product of the rated output Wr, the output reduction coefficient D, and the output reduction rate D2 due to defrosting and high-temperature water input, 0.8. It is a thing.

As a result of obtaining the boiling time t in (S3), if the boiling time t is 0.5 hours shorter than the midnight time zone, for example, if the midnight time zone is 8 hours from 23:00 to 7:00, the boiling time is raised. It is determined whether time t is shorter than 7.5 hours shorter than 8 hours by 0.5 hours. (S4)
The above 0.5 hour is a preliminary time for preventing the water from boiling up.

  When the boiling time t is shorter than the midnight time zone in (S4), the output reduction coefficient D is reduced by 0.1 and reset, and the D is stored (S5). The boiling time t when the output of the heat pump unit 11 is kept lower than the rated output with the set output reduction coefficient D is calculated again. (S2)

  When the boiling time t is longer than the midnight time zone in (S4), it is determined whether the output reduction coefficient D at that time is 0.9 (S6), and when the output reduction coefficient D is 0.9 Determines that it will not boil in the midnight time zone when the output is reduced and the water is heated, starts the heat pump unit 11 at the rated output (S7), and the hot water in the hot water storage tank unit 1 is heated. When the boiling target temperature is reached (S8), the boiling operation is terminated. (S9)

  If the output reduction coefficient D is not 0.9 in (S6), the output reduction coefficient D is reduced by 0.1 and the output reduction coefficient D before resetting is used to boil up. B), it is reset by adding 0.1 to the output reduction coefficient D at that time (S10), and the output of the heat pump unit 11 is boiled at an output value obtained by multiplying the reset output reduction coefficient D by the rated output. The heating operation is started (S11), and when the hot water in the hot water storage tank unit 1 reaches the boiling target temperature (S8), the boiling operation is terminated. (S9)

  In this way, when performing boiling operation during midnight hours, it is necessary for midnight hours when conditions are such that heating operation continues during midnight hours and the outside air temperature decreases and defrosting occurs. In consideration of the heating load heat amount and the output decrease due to the defrosting operation, the output of the heat pump unit 11 is decreased and heated so that more hot water can be stored in the hot water storage tank 2 immediately before the end of the midnight time period. Since the operation is carried out, more hot water can be efficiently stored in the hot water storage tank 2 while continuing the heating operation, and the defrosting rate is lowered by performing the boiling operation by reducing the output, resulting in a coefficient of performance. It is possible to improve and further reduce the output and perform the boiling operation, thereby reducing the load on the refrigerant compressor 16 of the heat pump unit 11 and extending the life of the heat pump unit 11.

2 Hot water storage tank 11 Heat pump unit 17 Outside air temperature detection means 18 Heating means

Claims (5)

Heating means having an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting outside air temperature and having a heat pump unit for heating hot water, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the heating means, and a heat storage operation by hot water in the hot water storage tank or In a hot water storage hot water supply / heater system that performs heating operation of hot water in a hot water storage tank at midnight hours, with a heating means that performs a direct heating operation with hot water heated by a heating means, at midnight while performing heating operation performs a boiling the band operation, up to the boiling operation is completed, performs a Chokudan operation, when performing the蓄暖operation after the boiling operation has been completed, the heating of the boiling operation during the late-night time zone start the output means, the output drops below the rated output by multiplying the output reduction coefficient to the rated output, calculates the Wakiagari time at the output which is lower than its rated output, the Wakiagari time midnight When in between bands, hot water storage type hot-water supply heating apparatus characterized by performing a heating operation in a state with reduced output of the heating means. The output of the heating means midnight boiling time period at the start operation, the output drops below the rated output by multiplying the output reduction coefficient to the rated output, it calculates the Wakiagari time at the output which is lower than its rated output, When the boiling time is within the midnight time zone, repeat the calculation with a smaller output reduction factor.When the calculated boiling time is outside the midnight time zone, the output reduction factor before the calculation is calculated. The hot water storage type hot water supply and heating device according to claim 1, wherein the boiling operation is performed with an output obtained by multiplying the rated output of the heating means.   3. The hot water storage type hot water supply / heating system according to claim 2, wherein the boiling time is a total of a boiling time when the temperature of water entering the heating means is low and a boiling time when the temperature of the water entering the heating means is medium. apparatus. The boiling time when the temperature of water entering the heating means is low is the product of the amount of low-temperature water in the hot water storage tank and the temperature difference between the boiling target temperature and the feed water temperature, and the rated output value and output reduction coefficient of the heating means. It is divided by the hot water storage capacity obtained by subtracting the heating load calorie at the start of the midnight time from the multiplication value, and the boiling time when the temperature of the water entering the heating means is medium temperature is the amount of medium temperature water in the hot water tank and the boiling target Hot water storage capacity obtained by subtracting the heating load calorific value at the start of midnight hours from the multiplication value of the temperature difference between the temperature and the temperature of the medium temperature water from the multiplication value of the rated output value of the heating means, the output reduction coefficient, and the output reduction coefficient due to high-temperature water input. The hot water storage type hot water supply and heating device according to claim 3, wherein the hot water storage type hot water supply and heating device is divided by. When the outside air temperature detecting means detects the outside air temperature below the temperature at which the defrosting operation occurs, the hot water storage capacity when calculating the boiling time when the temperature of the water entering the heating means is low is the rated output value of the heating means and the output The heating load calorific value at the start of the midnight time period is subtracted from the product of the reduction coefficient and the output reduction coefficient due to defrosting , and the hot water storage capacity when calculating the boiling time when the temperature of the water entering the heating means is medium, The heating load heat quantity at the start of midnight time period is subtracted from the product of the rated output value of the heating means, the output reduction coefficient, the output reduction coefficient due to high-temperature incoming water, and the output reduction coefficient due to defrosting. 4. A hot-water storage hot-water heater according to 4.

Images