JP5307950B1 - Test piece manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a test piece manufacturing method capable of suppressing variations caused when a compacted state is reproduced.
A test piece manufacturing method includes a material drying step (STEP 10) for drying a material for a fill material to a moisture content of less than 1%, and a material for a fill material dried to a moisture content of less than 1%. Then, the embankment material manufacturing process (STEP 20) for manufacturing the embankment material while adjusting the moisture content, and the pre-treatment process for reproducing the lower capping layer by putting the covering material into the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical formwork and compacting it (STEP 30) and a compacting step (STEP 40) for reproducing a multiple-layer compacted body by stacking a plurality of layers of the embankment material produced by the embankment material manufacturing step and compressing the embankment material, The covering material is put on and compacted to reproduce the upper capping layer, the upper part of the reproduced upper capping layer is closed with a closing member, and the closing member is pressed against the mold by the pressing member. Post-processing process STEP50) and a.
[Selection] Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a test piece that reproduces a state in which a banking material containing inorganic waste is reclaimed.

  Conventionally, as a method for producing this type of test piece, there is a patent document 1 described below by the present inventor and the present applicant.

The test piece manufacturing method of this patent is:
A first step of reproducing a lower capping layer in which the covering material is compacted by introducing the covering material into the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical formwork and compressing the covering material;
A second step of reproducing the compacting state of the embankment material by laminating the embankment material and compressing the embankment material on the covering material on which the lower capping layer is reproduced by the first step;
Third step of reproducing the upper capping layer compacted by covering the filling material on which the compacted state is reproduced by the second step and then compressing the covering material. When,
And a fourth step of fixing the upper part of the covering material on which the upper capping layer is reproduced by the third step with an upper lid.

Japanese Patent No. 5135490

  Here, the inventor of the present application pays attention to the fact that there is a variation in the compacted molding state reproduced in the second step, and has obtained knowledge that such a variation is caused by the moisture content of the material through intensive studies and research.

  On the other hand, since the inorganic waste etc. which are materials of a banking material are in various states, it was difficult to adjust the water content and to manufacture a banking material having a uniform water content.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a test piece manufacturing method capable of suppressing variations that occur when a compacted state is reproduced.

The test piece manufacturing method of the present invention is a test piece manufacturing method that reproduces a state in which the embankment material containing inorganic waste is reclaimed,
A material drying step of drying the material of the embankment material to a moisture content of less than 1% by a test piece material drying device;
For the material of the embankment material dried to a moisture content of less than 1% by the material drying step, a embankment material production step for producing a embankment material while adjusting the moisture content by adding water,
A pretreatment step of reproducing a lower capping layer compacted by covering the covering material by charging the covering material into the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical formwork and compressing the covering material;
A plurality of layers of the embankment material manufactured by the embankment material manufacturing step are stacked on the covering material on which the lower capping layer is reproduced by the pretreatment step, and the embedding material is compressed to compress the plurality of layers. A compacting process to reproduce the compact;
The upper capping layer in which the covering material is compacted is reproduced by charging the covering material and compressing the covering material on the compacted body reproduced by the compacting process, and the reproduced upper capping layer. And a post-processing step of closing the upper portion with a closing member and pressing the closing member against the mold with a pressing member.

  According to the test piece manufacturing method of the present invention, in the material drying step, the material of the embankment material is previously dried to a moisture content of less than 1%. Thereby, the dispersion | variation in the moisture content in the material of various embankment materials can be eliminated.

  Furthermore, for the embankment material having a moisture content of less than 1% in the material drying step, the embedding material is produced so that the desired moisture content is obtained while adding water in the embankment material production step. It is possible to suppress variations in the compacted state caused by the above.

  As described above, according to the test piece manufacturing method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a test piece manufacturing method capable of suppressing variations that occur when the compacted state is reproduced.

The whole block diagram which shows the outline | summary of a structure of the manufacturing system of the test piece of FIG. The disassembled perspective view which shows the member used for the manufacturing method of the test piece of this embodiment. The perspective view which shows the test piece material drying apparatus of this embodiment. The flowchart which shows the process of the manufacturing method of the test piece of this embodiment. The perspective view which shows the state which assembled the member of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows a mode that a test piece is manufactured.

  A test piece manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the test piece manufacturing system is, for example, a system that is installed on a cargo bed Z of a truck that is a freight car, and is a mold 1 into which material is charged (described later with reference to FIG. 2). ), An air press apparatus 100 for impact-compressing the material put into the mold 1, a kneading apparatus 200 for kneading and manufacturing the material put into the mold 1, and the air press apparatus 100 for operation An air compressor 300 (including a driving engine 310), a storage space 400 for mounting and storing a funnel 420, a material storage container 430, and the like, which are ancillary facilities attached thereto, and a test piece from the mold 1 A fixed table 500 and a mold removal rod 600 used for mold removal, and a test piece material drying device 700 for drying the material put into the mold 1 are provided.

  Here, the kneading apparatus 200 and the air compressor 300 are disposed adjacent to the air press apparatus 100 in the left-right direction. Further, the storage space 400 is arranged with a work space in the front-rear direction of the air press device 100.

  In the storage space 400, various compression tools that are detachably attached to the air press apparatus 100 are also arranged.

  Specifically, a stepped piston 110 for impact compressing the embankment material introduced into the mold 1, a flat piston 120 for recompressing the upper surface of the embankment material impact-compressed by the stepped piston 110 flatly, and a flat plate Storage space includes a closing piston 170 that closes and pressurizes the upper portion of the embankment material flattened by the piston 120, and a pressing member 180 that is detachably supported by the mold 1 and presses the closing piston 170. 400.

  The stepped piston 110 is a flat plate-shaped piston having a stepped conical shape at the tip and a reduced diameter at the tip. More specifically, in the stepped piston 110, the head portion at the tip of the piston rod 111 has a tapered shape with a tapered surface 112 and a flat surface 113 inclined at 45 degrees, and the tip surface has a conical shape. A flat surface 114 is formed.

  On the other hand, in the flat plate piston 120, the head portion at the tip of the piston rod 121 is a flat tip surface 122.

  Details of the closing piston 170 and the pressing member 180 will be described later.

  The fixed table 500 is a table that detachably fixes the mold 1, and includes a pair of flanges 510 and 510 into which the pedestal portion of the mold 1 can be inserted from the side surface. A fixed bolt 511 and a nut 512 are provided.

  The demolding rod 600 is a long rod-like object, and includes a fitting portion 601 that fits the piston rod 171 of the closing piston 170 at the tip.

  The above is the overall configuration of the test piece manufacturing system of the present embodiment.

  Next, as the details of each component, the mold 1, the closing piston 170 and the pressing member 180 associated therewith, and the test piece material drying apparatus 700 will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to manufacture a test piece, a mold 1, a bottom resin material 2, a side resin material 3, a top resin material 4, a closing piston 170 as an upper lid, A formwork member provided with the pressing member 180 is used.

  The mold 1 has a bottomed cylindrical shape and is configured by connecting two steel semi-cylindrical bodies 1A and 1B. The two semi-cylindrical bodies 1A and 1B are semi-cylindrical bodies having the same length, the same inner diameter, and the same wall thickness (length 100 mm, inner diameter 115.8 mm, wall thickness 12 mm). The two end edges are connected to each other at a position where the two are combined to form a cylindrical shape.

  Here, the mold 1 is characterized in that the height of the test piece to be manufactured is an internal shape that is 100 mm, which is 1/3 of the standard 300 mm, and a test piece having a height of 100 mm is manufactured. When doing so, the height direction is short, and there is a high need to provide integrity to the embankment material.

  Specifically, the two semi-cylindrical bodies 1A, 1B are formed on the flanges 11A, 11A and 11B, 11B in a state where the flanges 11A, 11A and 11B, 11B formed on both end edges face each other. It connects with the through-hole 12 by using a volt | bolt and a nut (refer FIG. 5).

  The bottom surface resin material 2, the side surface resin material 3, and the top surface resin material 4 are peeling resin materials disposed on the inner surfaces of the mold 1 and the closing piston 170, and in this embodiment, polycarbonate resin is used. It is done.

  That is, the bottom surface resin material 2 is a circular film corresponding to the shape of the bottom surface 13 of the mold 1, and the side surface resin material 3 is a rectangular film in which the inner surface 14 of the mold 1 is developed rounded into a cylindrical shape. The top surface resin material 4 is a circular film corresponding to the shape of the bottom surface of the closing piston 170.

  In addition, you may abbreviate | omit a part or all of the bottom surface resin material 2, the side surface resin material 3, and the top surface resin material 4. FIG.

  The closing piston 170 is a piston-like member that closes the upper portion of the mold 1, and has a flat tip at the other end and a short piston rod 171 at the other end. Further, the tip of the closing piston 170 has a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the mold 1.

  The pressing member 180 includes a steel top plate 181, bolts 182 and 182 that pass through opposite ends of the top plate, locking pieces 183 and 183 connected to one ends of the bolts 182 and 182, and the other end And nuts 184 and 184 attached to the shaft.

  The locking pieces 183 and 183 can be engaged with engaging portions 15 and 15 provided on the outer surface of the mold 1, and the locking pieces 183 and 183 are engaged with the engaging portions 15 and 15 of the mold 1. When the nuts 184 and 184 are tightened in the engaged state, the top plate 181 approaches the mold 1 side, and the lower surface of the top plate 181 presses the closing piston 170.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the test piece material drying apparatus 700 includes a dryer body 710, a tray 720 accommodated in the dryer body 710, a support frame 730 that supports the dryer body 710, and a dryer. And a covering member 740 that covers the upper side and the side of the machine body so as to be openable and closable.

  The dryer body 710 has an opening 711 that is open to the front surface, and the opening 711 is provided with a door 712 that can be opened and closed. A handle 713 (see FIG. 1) is provided on the outer surface of the door portion 712. The door 712 can be opened and closed by holding the handle 713, and the handle 713 is closed with the opening 711 closed. It can be locked by rotating 713.

  In addition, although the door part 712 is cantilever-supported via the hinge by the dryer main body 710, it is not limited to this, As long as it can cover the opening part 711, various doors will be employ | adopted. Is done.

  A heater 716 that is heated by energization is built in the lower portion of the dryer main body 710, and the heating state of the heater 716 can be adjusted by the operation unit 715 of the front panel 714.

  The tray 720 includes a stacking unit 721 that stacks the material for the embankment material, a wall unit 722 that surrounds the stacking unit 721, and a handle unit 723 that is attached to the front surface of the wall unit 722 and takes out the tray 720. The stacking unit 721 is divided into a plurality of regions by a partition plate 724 that partitions the stacking region, and different materials can be dried for each region.

  The support frame 730 includes four vertical frames 731 and eight horizontal frames 732 that run horizontally between the four vertical frames 731.

  A moving wheel 733 is attached to the lower end of the vertical frame 731, and the moving wheel 733 allows the support frame 730 and the dryer main body 710 and the covering member 740 supported by the support frame 730 to move in any direction. It has become. The moving wheel 733 is provided with a stopper (not shown) for restricting the movement of the wheel, and the test piece material drying apparatus 700 can be fixed at a predetermined position by operating the stopper.

  The horizontal frame 732 includes an upper horizontal frame 732A that connects the upper ends of the vertical frame 731 and a lower horizontal frame 732B that is provided at the lower end position so as to support the dryer main body 710. The dryer body 710 is supported on the lower horizontal frame 732B via the mounting table 734 and the like.

  The covering member 740 is a metal member that covers the upper side and the side of the dryer body 710, is supported by the upper horizontal frame 732A, and can be opened and closed in a flip-up manner around the support point and the first wing 740A. Consists of two wings 740B.

  The first wing 740A and the second wing 740B are each provided with a damper 741 between the vertical frame 731. The first wing 740A and the second wing 740B are indirectly supported by the damper 741, and are gently raised. It is designed to operate and block.

  The covering member 740 is not limited to the first wing 740A and the second wing 740B as long as the covering member 740 is a metal member that detachably covers the upper side and the side of the dryer main body 710. For example, it may be a door that covers a portion surrounded by the vertical frame 731, the upper horizontal frame 732A, and the lower horizontal frame 732B.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 4-6, the manufacturing method of the test piece of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  First, the material of the embankment material is dried (FIG. 4 / STEP 10... Material drying step).

  In such a material drying step, the inorganic waste that is the material of the embankment material is dried by the test piece material drying apparatus 700.

  More specifically, after the dryer main body 710 is preheated in advance, the inorganic waste that is the material of the embankment material is loaded on the loading portion 721 of the tray 720 and stored in the dryer main body 710. . At this time, if the types of inorganic waste are different, they are loaded and stored in different areas partitioned by the partition plate 724, respectively. Then, after the door 712 is closed and the handle 713 is locked, heating by the heater 716 is started.

  The preheating operation and the heating operation are adjusted by the operation unit 715 of the front panel 714. For example, the preheating operation is 15 minutes at 400 ° C. The heating operation is a time during which the moisture content of the material for the embankment is less than 1%, for example, 30 minutes at 400 ° C. (adjusted appropriately according to the moisture content of the material).

  Actually, when the drying treatment was performed at 400 ° C. for 30 minutes, (1) the inorganic sludge had a moisture content of 18.6% before drying of less than 1%, and (2) after the general waste chelate treatment For the main ash, the moisture content before drying 45.3% is less than 1%. (3) For the fly ash after the general waste chelate treatment, the moisture content 39.3% before drying may be less than 1%. It has been confirmed experimentally.

  In this way, in the material drying step, the material content of the embankment material is previously dried to a moisture content of less than 1%, thereby eliminating variations in the moisture content of the various embankment material materials.

  Next, the embankment material is manufactured (FIG. 4 / STEP 20... Embankment material manufacturing process).

  In the embankment material manufacturing process, a material such as an inorganic waste having a water content of less than 1% is kneaded while adjusting the water content by manufacturing the embankment material in the material drying process. More specifically, a test embankment material is manufactured by adding cement, water, and sand to an inorganic waste material having a moisture content of less than 1%, and kneading them by the kneading apparatuses 200A and 200B.

  Here, the kneading apparatuses 200A and 200B can be selectively used when the types of inorganic waste are different. Inorganic waste is, for example, incineration ash that is landfilled at the final disposal site. Depending on the type of incineration ash, the embankment material is a type A embankment material that does not contain radioactive materials or toxic incineration ash, and radioactive materials or toxicity. Therefore, the kneading apparatus 200A can be used for the production of the A type embankment material, and the kneading apparatus 200B can be used for the production of the B type embankment material.

  In this way, for the material of the embankment material having a moisture content of less than 1% by the material drying process, in the embankment material manufacturing process, by producing the embankment material so as to achieve a desired moisture content while adding water, Variations in the compacted state caused by the moisture content can be suppressed.

  In the concrete work of the embankment material manufacturing process, the kneading apparatuses 200A and 200B are both opened with the lid 210 and filled with inorganic waste, cement, etc. as materials, and closed with the lid 210. After kneading for a certain time, the lid 210 is opened and the manufactured contents are taken out. Then, the extracted contents are transferred to the material storage container 430.

  Next, the operator assembles the mold 1 by connecting the two semi-cylindrical bodies 1A and 1B in advance with bolts and nuts, and then places a resin material for peeling on the inner surface of the mold 1 (FIG. 4 / (STEP 30 ... Pre-processing step).

  Specifically, the bottom surface resin material 2 is placed on the bottom surface 13 of the mold 1, and the side resin material 3 is rounded and disposed on the inner side surface 14 of the mold 1. This state is shown in FIG.

  In the state of FIG. 5A, the operator puts the embankment material manufactured in the embankment material manufacturing process into the bottom of the mold 1 and compresses it (FIG. 4 / STEP 40... Compaction molding process).

  In such a compacting process, as shown in FIG. 6A, the embedding material X1 manufactured in the embankment material manufacturing process is introduced into the bottom of the mold 1 and is subjected to impact compression by the stepped piston 110. The compacted state in which the embankment material X1 is compacted is reproduced.

  The embankment material X1 is introduced from the material storage container 430 into the mold 1 without leakage by using the funnel 420 (hereinafter, the embedding material into the mold 1 is similarly introduced from the material storage container 430. Done by using a funnel 420).

  An air press device 100 is used to compress the embankment material X1. Therefore, at least the compacting process is performed by fixing the mold 1 to the support base 101 (see FIG. 1) of the air press apparatus 100.

  In the air press apparatus 100, the pressurization unit 103 (see FIG. 1) moves up and down in response to the vertical movement of the handle 102 (see FIG. 1) by the compressed air supplied from the air compressor 300 through the supply tube 320. .

  Here, by using the air press apparatus 100, the operating speed of the pressurizing unit 103 is high, and unlike the case where continuous pressurization is performed, shocking pressurization such as striking is possible. Thereby, the pressure of 25 t per time can be pressurized several times with respect to the embankment material X1, and the state laid as a compacting body in the final disposal site can be reproduced.

  Further, the stepped piston 110 has a stepped conical shape with a 45 degree tapered surface 112 and a flat surface 113, and therefore, the compression in the oblique 45 degree direction by the 45 degree tapered surface 112; Combined with the compression in the traveling direction of the piston by the flat surface 113, the embedding material X1 can be integrated.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the embankment material X extends over a plurality of layers (X1, X2) by repeating the insertion into the mold 1 and the impact compression by the air press device 100. And compacted.

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 6B, the upper surface of the uppermost fill material X2 is flattened by impact compression with a flat plate piston 120 having a flat end surface 122.

  Next, the operator closes the upper part of the uppermost fill material X2 in which the compacted state has been reproduced by the compacting process with the lid piston 170 via the top surface resin material 4, and uses the pressing member 180 to form the formwork. The closing piston 170 is pressed against 1 (FIG. 4 / STEP 50... Post-processing step).

  In the post-processing step, the closing piston 170 is disposed on the upper portion of the embankment material X2, and the engaging pieces 183 and 183 of the pressing member 180 are engaged with the engaging portions 15 of the mold 1 as shown in FIG. 15 and the nuts 184 and 184 are tightened to bring the top plate 181 closer to the mold 1 and press the closing piston 170 on the lower surface of the top plate 181.

  By such a post-processing step, a state in which a weight for suppressing expansion is installed in the final disposal site is reproduced.

  Then, the operator causes the closing piston 170 and the pressing member 180 to be cured for a certain period of time while being pressed by the pressing member 180, and then removes the closing piston 170 and the pressing member 180 (FIG. 4 / STEP 60.

  At the time of demolding, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the mold 1 is fixed to the fixed table 500. At this time, the pedestal portion of the mold 1 is sufficiently fixed by the bolts 511 and the nuts 512 of the flange portion 510.

  Next, after fitting the fitting portion 601 at the tip of the release rod 600 to the piston rod 171 of the closing piston 170, the operator grasps and swings the other end side of the release rod 600. .

  As a result, even when the inner surface of the mold 1 and the outer surface of the closing piston 170 are hermetically integrated, a slight gap is formed between the inner surface of the mold 1 and the outer surface of the closing piston 170 for sealing. Can be solved, and demolding can be facilitated.

  And demolding is completed by disassembling the mold 1 into two semi-cylindrical bodies 1A and 1B.

  The above is the test piece manufacturing method of the present embodiment, and according to the test piece manufacturing method, it is possible to suppress the variation in the compacting state due to the moisture content of the material of the embankment material, and to increase the height. Even when the length is as short as 100 mm, integrity can be imparted to the embankment material introduced into the mold 1 in stages.

  Therefore, the operator can perform various tests and evaluations such as a dissolution test using the test piece obtained through the demolding process (FIG. 4 / STEP 70). Thereby, it becomes possible to evaluate beforehand the influence at the time of accepting the said inorganic waste and reclaiming in a final disposal site.

  Thus, according to the test piece manufacturing system of the present embodiment, it is possible to easily reproduce the state in which the embankment material containing inorganic waste is reclaimed at the final disposal site.

  In the present embodiment, the case has been described in which the mold 1 has an inner surface shape in which the height of a test piece to be manufactured is 100 mm, which is 1/3 of the standard 300 mm, but is not limited thereto. It may not be a thing and 300 mm of a normal specification may be sufficient.

  In this case, not only the embankment materials X1 and X2 are impact-compressed across multiple levels to reproduce the compacted state of the embankment material, but also the lower capping layer is reproduced by placing and compacting the covering material on the lower side It is preferable to reproduce the upper capping layer by arranging the covering material on the upper side and compacting.

  That is, in the pretreatment step (FIG. 4 / STEP 30), a release resin material is arranged on the inner surface of the mold 1 and then the covering material is put into the mold 1 to perform impact compression, and the covering material is tightened. Reproduce the hardened lower capping layer. Further, in the post-processing step (FIG. 4 / STEP 50), the upper capping layer in which the coating material was charged and shock-compressed on the compacted body reproduced in the compacting step and the coating material was compacted was reproduced. The upper part of the upper capping layer is closed with the closing piston 170, and the closing piston 170 is pressed against the mold 1 by the pressing member 180.

  The covering material is a cement kneaded material that is kneaded by adding sand and water to both the case of reproducing the lower capping layer and the case of reproducing the upper capping layer.

  Thereby, the state which actually filled up the embankment material containing an inorganic waste in a final disposal site can be reproduced more faithfully.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Formwork, 1A, 1B ... Semi-cylindrical body, 2 ... Bottom surface resin material, 3 ... Side surface resin material, 4 ... Top surface resin material, X1, X2 ... Filling material, 100 ... Air press apparatus, 110 ... Stepped piston 112 ... tapered surface, 113 ... flat surface, 120 ... flat plate piston, 122 ... tip surface of flat plate, 170 ... closed piston, 180 ... pressing member, 200A, 200B ... kneading device, 300 ... air compressor, 400 ... storage space, 500 ... Fixed table, 600 ... Demolding rod, 700 ... Test piece material drying device, 710 ... Dryer body, 712 ... Door part, 713 ... Heater, 715 ... Operation part, 716 ... Heater, 720 ... Tray, 721 ... Loading 730 ... support frame, 731 ... vertical frame, 732A ... upper horizontal frame, 732B ... lower horizontal frame, 733 ... moving wheel, 740A ... first Ing (covering member), 740B ... second wing (covering member) X1, X2 ... fill material.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a test piece that reproduces a state in which an embankment material containing inorganic waste is reclaimed,
A material drying step of drying the material of the embankment material to a moisture content of less than 1% by a test piece material drying device;
For the material of the embankment material dried to a moisture content of less than 1% by the material drying step, a embankment material production step for producing a embankment material while adjusting the moisture content by adding water,
A pretreatment step of reproducing a lower capping layer compacted by covering the covering material by charging the covering material into the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical formwork and compressing the covering material;
A plurality of layers of the embankment material manufactured by the embankment material manufacturing step are stacked on the covering material on which the lower capping layer is reproduced by the pretreatment step, and the embedding material is compressed to compress the plurality of layers. A compacting process to reproduce the compact;
The upper capping layer in which the covering material is compacted is reproduced by charging the covering material and compressing the covering material on the compacted body reproduced by the compacting process, and the reproduced upper capping layer. A test piece manufacturing method comprising: a post-processing step of closing an upper portion with a closing member and pressing the closing member against the mold by a pressing member.