JP5277508B2 - マルチ・チャンネル音響信号をエンコードするための装置および方法 - Google Patents
マルチ・チャンネル音響信号をエンコードするための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
たとえば、欧州電気通信標準化機構は、その技術仕様書ETSI−TS126290「拡張した適応マルチ・レート広帯域(Adaptive Multi−Rate − Wideband:AMR−WB+)コーデック;トランスコーディング機能」において、ステレオ信号ダウン・ミキシングを規定している。ここでは、モノラル信号は単に、以下のように左および右チャンネルの平均値として決められている。
ここで、XML(n)はモノラル信号のN番目のサンプルを表わし、XLL(n)は左チャンネル信号のN番目のサンプルを表わし、XRL(n)は右チャンネル信号のn番目のサンプルを表わしている。
ここで、M[k,i]は、モノラル信号のk番目の周波数ビン(frequency bin)のi番目のサンプルを表わし、L[k,i]は、左チャンネル信号のk番目の周波数ビンのi番目のサンプルを表わし、R[k,i]は、右チャンネル信号のk番目の周波数ビンのi番目のサンプルを表わし、glは左チャンネル重みであり、grは右チャンネル重みである。
以下の説明では、モノラル・エンコーダを用いたマルチ・チャンネル音響信号のエンコード、特にモノラルCELPエンコーダを用いたステレオ音声信号のエンコードに適用可能な本発明の実施形態に焦点を当てる。
ITDプロセッサ107が用いるアルゴリズムは、チャンネル間の異なる可能な時間オフセットに対して、第1および第2の音響信号間の相互相関の経時的観測を組み合わせることによって、相互時間差の推定を決定するものである。相関は、間引きされたLPCの残りの領域(decimated LPC residual domain)において、より明確な相関を実現し、実施を容易にし、および計算要求を減らすために行なわれる。この例では、相互相関を処理して、−12msと+12msとの間(±〜4メートル)における各潜在的な遅延に関連する確率を導き出した後に、確率を、変更されたビタビ様アルゴリズムを用いて蓄積する。その結果、固有のヒステリシスを伴う相互時間差が推定される。
S=a・S1+b・S2
ここで、S1およびS2は第1および第2の信号を表わし、aおよびbは、移行間隔(具体的には単一のフレームに等しくても良い)の間に変更される重みである。具体的には、最初に、値をa=1およびb=0に設定しても良く、最終値をa=0およびb=1に設定しても良い。これらの値の間の移行を、好適な任意の関数に従って行なっても良く、具体的には、移行の間に関係a+b=1を維持しても良い。
本方法は工程501で始まる。工程501では、少なくとも第1のマイクロフォンからの第1の音響信号と第2のマイクロフォンからの第2の音響信号とを含むマルチ・チャンネル音響信号を受信する。
工程503に続く工程505では、相互時間差信号に応じて第1および第2のステレオ信号の少なくとも一方を遅延させることによって、マルチ・チャンネル音響信号から補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号が生成される。
工程507に続く工程509では、モノラル信号を、モノラル信号エンコーダによってエンコードする。
Claims (9)
- マルチ・チャンネル音響信号をエンコードするための装置であって、
少なくとも第1のマイクロフォンからの第1の音響信号と第2のマイクロフォンからの第2の音響信号とを含む前記マルチ・チャンネル音響信号を受信する受信部と、
前記第1の音響信号と前記第2の音響信号との間の相互相関の経時的観測を組み合わせることによって前記第1の音響信号と前記第2の音響信号との間の相互時間差を決定するための時間差ユニットであって、前記相互時間差を決定する際に、ビタビ様アルゴリズムを用いて前記相互相関を処理して各潜在的な遅延に関連する確率を導き出し蓄積する、前記時間差ユニットと、
相互時間差信号に応じて前記第1の音響信号及び前記第2の音響信号のうちの一方を遅延させることによって、前記マルチ・チャンネル音響信号から補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号を生成する遅延ユニットであって、前記補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号は、遅延した前記第1の音響信号及び前記第2の音響信号、または前記第1の音響信号及び遅延した前記第2の音響信号を含む、前記遅延ユニットと、
前記補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号からモノラル信号を生成するモノラル・ユニットと、
前記モノラル信号をエンコードするモノラル信号エンコーダと
エンコードされた前記モノラル信号と相互時間差を表すデータとを多重化するマルチプレクサと
を備える装置。 - 前記時間差ユニットは、相互相関に先立って、前記第1の音響信号と前記第2の音響信号とを低域通過フィルタリングするように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記時間差ユニットは、相互相関に先立って、前記第1の音響信号と前記第2の音響信号とを間引くように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記遅延ユニットは、間引きの間引き係数に対して前記相互時間差を補償して、前記第1の音響信号及び前記第2の音響信号の一方に対する遅延を決定するように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記時間差ユニットは、相互相関に先立って、前記第1の音響信号及び前記第2の音響信号に対してスペクトル白色化を適用するように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記時間差ユニットは、相互相関に先立って、前記第1の音響信号及び前記第2の音響信号のウィンドウ処理を実行するように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記時間差ユニットは、
複数の状態を有するトレリス状態機械であって、前記複数の状態の各々は、前記複数の時間オフセットのうちの一つの時間オフセットに対応する、前記トレリス状態機械と、
前記相互相関に応じて前記トレリス状態機械の状態に対する経路メトリックを決定する経路ユニットと、
以前の状態から現在の状態までの経路と関連する経路メトリックに応じて、前記状態に対する状態メトリックを決定する計算ユニットと、
前記状態メトリックに応じて前記相互時間差を決定するユニットと
を含む、請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記遅延ユニットは、第1の遅延に応じて第1の補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号を生成し、第2の遅延に応じて第2の補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号を生成することによって、第1の遅延から第2の遅延へ移行するとともに、前記第1の補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号と前記第2の補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号とを組み合わせて前記補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号を生成するように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- システムによりマルチ・チャンネル音響信号をエンコードする方法であって、
少なくとも第1のマイクロフォンからの第1の音響信号と第2のマイクロフォンからの第2の音響信号とを含む前記マルチ・チャンネル音響信号を受信すること、
前記第1の音響信号と前記第2の音響信号との間の相互相関の経時的観測を組み合わせることによって前記第1の音響信号と前記第2の音響信号との間の相互時間差を決定し、前記相互時間差を決定する際に、ビタビ様アルゴリズムを用いて前記相互相関を処理して各潜在的な遅延に関連する確率を導き出し蓄積すること、
相互時間差信号に応じて前記第1の音響信号及び第2の音響信号のうちの一方を遅延させることによって、前記マルチ・チャンネル音響信号から補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号を生成することであって、前記補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号は、遅延した前記第1の音響信号及び前記第2の音響信号、または前記第1の音響信号及び遅延した前記第2の音響信号を含む、前記生成すること、
前記補償済みマルチ・チャンネル音響信号のチャンネルからモノラル信号を生成すること、
モノラル信号エンコーダにおいて前記モノラル信号をエンコードすること
エンコードされた前記モノラル信号と相互時間差を表すデータとを多重化すること
を含む方法。
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GB0718682.8A GB2453117B (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2007-09-25 | Apparatus and method for encoding a multi channel audio signal |
PCT/US2008/075703 WO2009042386A1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-09-09 | Apparatus and method for encoding a multi channel audio signal |
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CA (1) | CA2698600C (ja) |
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BRPI0817982A2 (pt) | 2015-04-07 |
GB2453117A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
CA2698600A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
KR20100057666A (ko) | 2010-05-31 |
US8577045B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
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