JP5276702B2 - Magnetic switch for starter - Google Patents

Magnetic switch for starter Download PDF

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Publication number
JP5276702B2
JP5276702B2 JP2011247244A JP2011247244A JP5276702B2 JP 5276702 B2 JP5276702 B2 JP 5276702B2 JP 2011247244 A JP2011247244 A JP 2011247244A JP 2011247244 A JP2011247244 A JP 2011247244A JP 5276702 B2 JP5276702 B2 JP 5276702B2
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Prior art keywords
contact
movable contact
starter
movable
fixed contact
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JP2013105557A (en
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修一 高▲濱▼
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Priority to JP2011247244A priority Critical patent/JP5276702B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a long-life starter magnet switch which cannot just cope with contact wear at the time a contact is closed but also cope with wear due to current cutoff at the time the contact is opened, thereby helping solve the problem that although a low flexural rigidity and thin plate-like member is used for a movable contact to restrict a movable contact bounce at the time the contact is closed and thereby reduce contact wear, the number of times a starter is used in an idling-stop car increases, so does the number of times the contact is opened and closed, giving rise to concern about wear. <P>SOLUTION: The starter magnet switch includes: a plunger which is suctioned by a solenoid, a rod which adjoins the plunger and moves resisting to a return spring, a plate-like movable contact which is attached to the rod and has contact points, one each at opposite ends, and a fixed contact having contact points which are shorted by the movable contact. The two contact point portions of the movable contact are greater in plate thickness than the middle portion, the thickened plate portion forming a level difference portion with the contact points of the movable contact, and the level difference portion defining a fulcrum-to-fulcrum distance L when the movable contact is pushed against the fixed contact points at opposite ends by a contact spring. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

この発明は、スタータ用マグネットスイッチに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a starter magnet switch.

スタータ用マグネットスイッチは、電気エネルギを機械エネルギに変換し、そのエネルギと内部に組み込まれたばねを利用して接点を開閉するものであり、その開閉により、バッテリからのエネルギをスタータのモータ部へ給電、遮断している。従来装置として、特許文献１に記載されたスタータ用マグネットスイッチがある。   The starter magnet switch converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and opens and closes contacts using the energy and a spring built in the switch. By opening and closing the switch, the energy from the battery is supplied to the starter motor. , Is blocking. As a conventional device, there is a starter magnet switch described in Patent Document 1.

特開２００７−８７８８２号公報JP 2007-87882 A

近年、アイドリングストップ車が増加しており、スタータ方式のアイドリングストップ車では、マグネットスイッチの接点開閉回数が従来の車両に対し格段に増加する。特許文献１に示す従来装置では、可動接点にたわみ剛性の低い、薄い板状の部材を用いており、接点を閉じる際の可動接点バウンスを抑制し、接点摩耗を抑えている。しかしながらアイドリングストップ車では、スタータの使用回数が増え、接点開閉の回数が増えるので、この回数増加による摩耗が懸念される。   In recent years, the number of idling stop vehicles has increased, and in the starter type idling stop vehicles, the number of times of opening and closing the magnetic switch contacts is significantly increased compared to conventional vehicles. In the conventional device shown in Patent Document 1, a thin plate-like member having low flexural rigidity is used for the movable contact, and movable contact bounce when closing the contact is suppressed, and contact wear is suppressed. However, in an idling stop vehicle, the number of times the starter is used increases, and the number of contact opening / closing times increases.

従来装置では、可動接点バウンスによる接点摩耗を抑えているものの、可動接点の厚みは薄いため、使用回数が多い場合、接点摩耗の余裕度は小さくアイドリングストップ車には適用困難となっていた。
この発明は上記のような課題を解決するものであって、接点を閉じる際の接点摩耗だけでなく、接点開放時の電流遮断による摩耗にも対応できる長寿命のスタータ用マグネットスイッチを得ることを目的とする。 In the conventional apparatus, although the contact wear due to the movable contact bounce is suppressed, the thickness of the movable contact is thin. Therefore, when the number of times of use is large, the margin of contact wear is small and it is difficult to apply to an idling stop vehicle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to obtain a long-life starter magnet switch that can handle not only contact wear when closing a contact but also wear due to current interruption when the contact is opened. Objective.

この発明にかかわるスタータ用マグネットスイッチは、通電されたソレノイドによって吸引されるプランジャ、このプランジャと当接し復帰ばねに抗して移動するロッド、このロッドに中央部が取り付けられ両端部にそれぞれ接点部を有する板状の可動接点、及びこの可動接点により短絡される一対の接点部を有する固定接点を備え、
上記固定接点の上記接点部は、スタータモータに接続されるモータ側固定接点部と、バッテリに接続されるバッテリ側固定接点部で構成され、上記可動接点部は、上記可動接点の両接点部分の板厚を上記中央部よりも厚くして、この厚くした板厚部で段差部を形成すると共に、上記モータ側固定接点部および上記バッテリ側固定接点部の少なくともいずれか一方の固定接点部は、上記可動接点の接点部と対峙する面が球面状に形成され、その球面の最頂部は、上記段差部分よりもわずかに内側に配置したものである。 The starter magnet switch according to the present invention includes a plunger that is attracted by an energized solenoid, a rod that contacts the plunger and moves against a return spring, a central portion is attached to the rod, and contact portions are provided at both ends. A plate-like movable contact, and a fixed contact having a pair of contact parts short-circuited by the movable contact,
The contact portion of the fixed contact is composed of a motor side fixed contact portion connected to a starter motor and a battery side fixed contact portion connected to a battery, and the movable contact portion is formed of both contact portions of the movable contact. the plate thickness is made thicker than the central portion, to form a stepped difference portion in the thickened thickness portion, at least one of the fixed contact portion of the motor-side fixed contact portion and the battery-side fixed contact portion The surface facing the contact portion of the movable contact is formed in a spherical shape, and the topmost portion of the spherical surface is disposed slightly inside the stepped portion .

この発明にかかわるスタータ用マグネットスイッチによれば、可動接点の中央部の厚みが薄いため、たわみ剛性が低く、接点を閉じる際のバウンスは発生しにくい。また、固定接点と接触する可動接点端部の厚みは厚いため、接点開放時の遮断電流による摩耗に対しても、十分な摩耗代を有しているため、長寿命のマグネットスイッチが得られ、アイドリングストップ車にも適用可能である。
さらには、従来装置では固定接点の最外部に可動接点と接触する部分を設けており、これにより、固定接点をキャップに組み付ける際に向きの指定が必要であったが、この発明ではその必要がなくなる。そのため製造時においては設備を簡略化することが可能となる。
この発明にかかわるスタータ用マグネットスイッチによれば、接点を閉じる際に発生しやすいバウンスを抑えつつ、接点開放時は遮断電流による摩耗に対する余裕度を上げることができる。 According to the starter magnet switch according to the present invention, since the thickness of the central portion of the movable contact is thin, the flexural rigidity is low, and bounce when closing the contact is unlikely to occur. In addition, since the thickness of the movable contact end that comes into contact with the fixed contact is thick, it has a sufficient wear allowance against wear due to the breaking current when the contact is opened, so a long-life magnet switch can be obtained, It can also be applied to idling stop vehicles.
Furthermore, in the conventional device, a portion that contacts the movable contact is provided at the outermost part of the fixed contact, and thus it is necessary to specify the direction when the fixed contact is assembled to the cap. Disappear. Therefore, it becomes possible to simplify equipment at the time of manufacture.
According to the starter magnet switch according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a bounce that is likely to occur when the contact is closed, and to increase a margin for wear due to a breaking current when the contact is opened.

この発明の実施の形態１におけるスタータ用マグネットスイッチの断面図で（ａ）は側断面図、（ｂ）はモータ側可動接点部分の拡大断面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing of the magnet switch for starters in Embodiment 1 of this invention, (a) is a sectional side view, (b) is an expanded sectional view of a motor side movable contact part. この発明の実施の形態２におけるスタータ用マグネットスイッチの側断面図である。It is a sectional side view of the starter magnet switch in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

以下、図面に基づいて、この発明の各実施の形態を説明する。
なお、各図間において、同一符号は同一あるいは相当部分を示す。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the same code | symbol shows the same or an equivalent part between each figure.

実施の形態１
図１に基づいて実施の形態１に係るスタータ用マグネットスイッチを説明する。
図１において、２はソレノイドを示しており、通電されることによって磁界を発生する。３はプランジャで、ソレノイド２への通電により発生した磁界により内部鉄心４に近づく向きに吸引される。５は吸引されたプランジャ３と当接し移動するロッド、６はロッド５に組みつけられた可動接点、７は可動接点６を押圧する接点ばね、８は可動接点６をアース部分と絶縁する絶縁部材、９は可動接点６の後方に配置された絶縁ワッシャ、１０は可動接点６の後方で接点ばね７の荷重を受けるストッパ、１１は可動接点６を動作前の位置に戻す復帰ばね、１２は可動接点６に短絡される固定接点、１３は固定接点１２と復帰ばね１１の一端を支持するキャップ、１４はプランジャ３の復帰ばね、１５は磁気回路を構成し、ソレノイド等の内部部品を保持するケースである。 Embodiment 1
A starter magnet switch according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a solenoid, which generates a magnetic field when energized. A plunger 3 is attracted in a direction approaching the internal iron core 4 by a magnetic field generated by energizing the solenoid 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rod that moves in contact with the attracted plunger 3, 6 denotes a movable contact that is assembled to the rod 5, 7 denotes a contact spring that presses the movable contact 6, and 8 denotes an insulating member that insulates the movable contact 6 from the ground portion. , 9 is an insulating washer arranged behind the movable contact 6, 10 is a stopper that receives the load of the contact spring 7 behind the movable contact 6, 11 is a return spring that returns the movable contact 6 to the position before operation, and 12 is movable. A fixed contact that is short-circuited to the contact 6, 13 is a cap that supports one end of the fixed contact 12 and the return spring 11, 14 is a return spring of the plunger 3, and 15 is a case that constitutes a magnetic circuit and holds internal components such as a solenoid. It is.

固定接点１２は、可動接点６により短絡される一対の固定接点部１２ａ、１２ｂを有し、固定接点部１２ａはバッテリ(図示しない)に接続され、固定接点部１２ｂはスタータの
モータ部(図示しない)に接続されている。以下、１２ａは「バッテリ側固定接点部」、１２ｂは「モータ側固定接点部」という。
また、可動接点６は、板状材で形成され、中央部がロッド５に取り付けられ、両端部には、それぞれ可動接点部６ａ、６ｂを有し、両接点部分の板厚は中央部（中間部）よりも厚くし、この厚くした板厚部で上記可動接点の接点部と中央部間の位置に図１（ｂ）に示すように段差部Ｄを形成している。以下、６ａは「バッテリ側可動接点部」、６ｂは「モータ側可動接点部」という。
また、可動接点６を接点ばね７で二つの固定接点部１２ａ、１２ｂへ押し付けた際の支点間距離Ｌは、段差部Ｄによって規定されている。 The fixed contact 12 has a pair of fixed contact portions 12a and 12b that are short-circuited by the movable contact 6. The fixed contact portion 12a is connected to a battery (not shown), and the fixed contact portion 12b is a motor portion (not shown) of the starter. )It is connected to the. Hereinafter, 12a is referred to as “battery side fixed contact portion”, and 12b is referred to as “motor side fixed contact portion”.
Moreover, the movable contact 6 is formed of a plate-like material, the central portion is attached to the rod 5, and the movable contact portions 6a and 6b are provided at both ends, respectively. The step portion D is formed at a position between the contact portion and the central portion of the movable contact, as shown in FIG. 1B . Hereinafter, 6a is referred to as “battery side movable contact portion”, and 6b is referred to as “motor side movable contact portion”.
Further, the step distance D defines the distance L between the fulcrums when the movable contact 6 is pressed against the two fixed contact portions 12 a and 12 b by the contact spring 7.

次に動作について説明する。
ソレノイド２に通電されるとプランジャ３が吸引され図１の左側に移動を始める。
移動の過程で、ロッド５に当接し、ロッド５とそれに組付けられた可動接点６を移動させ、可動接点６を固定接点１２に接触させる。
それによりバッテリ側固定接点部１２ａとモータ側固定接点部１２ｂが短絡されることになり、モータ部にバッテリから給電され、スタータがエンジンを始動する。
エンジン始動後は、ソレノイド２への通電が停止される。可動接点６は復帰ばね１１のエネルギにより固定接点１２から引き離され、電流を遮断することとなる。 Next, the operation will be described.
When the solenoid 2 is energized, the plunger 3 is sucked and starts moving to the left side of FIG.
In the process of movement, the rod 5 abuts, the rod 5 and the movable contact 6 assembled thereto are moved, and the movable contact 6 is brought into contact with the fixed contact 12.
As a result, the battery-side fixed contact portion 12a and the motor-side fixed contact portion 12b are short-circuited, power is supplied from the battery to the motor portion, and the starter starts the engine.
After the engine is started, energization to the solenoid 2 is stopped. The movable contact 6 is separated from the fixed contact 12 by the energy of the return spring 11 and interrupts the current.

可動接点６には、銀やジルコニウムを添加しした軟化温度の高い銅を用いると良い。アイドリングストップ車であっても、長時間スタータに通電されるケースは存在し、その場合には可動接点６が高温になるためである。また、可動接点６の端部と中央部の厚みの差は、平板をプレスして構成してもよいし、はじめから厚みのある段差部を有する異形銅条を素材として用いてもよい。
異形銅条を用いた場合、可動接点中央部にプレスによる加工硬化がないため、より耐熱性の高い可動接点を得ることができる。 The movable contact 6 may be made of copper having a high softening temperature added with silver or zirconium. This is because there is a case where the starter is energized for a long time even in an idling stop vehicle, in which case the movable contact 6 becomes high temperature. Further, the difference in thickness between the end portion and the central portion of the movable contact 6 may be configured by pressing a flat plate, or a deformed copper strip having a thick step portion from the beginning may be used as a material.
When a deformed copper strip is used, a movable contact with higher heat resistance can be obtained because there is no work hardening by pressing at the center of the movable contact.

モータ側可動接点部６ｂとバッテリ側可動接点部６ａとは、その接点部の厚みを変えてもよい。
すなわち、モータ側固定接点部１２ｂと対峙するモータ側可動接点部６ｂの厚みは、バッテリ側可動接点部６ａよりも厚く形成する場合もある。
すなわち、銅の転移は電流の流れる向きと同じで、可動接点のモータ側接点部６ｂは転移により減る量がバッテリ側可動接点部６ａより大きくなるため、接点開閉に伴う銅の転移で厚みが減りやすいモータ側可動接点部６ｂの摩耗代を増やしている。 The motor-side movable contact portion 6b and the battery-side movable contact portion 6a may change the thickness of the contact portions.
That is, the thickness of the motor-side movable contact portion 6b facing the motor-side fixed contact portion 12b may be thicker than that of the battery-side movable contact portion 6a.
That is, the copper transition is the same as the direction of current flow, and the motor-side contact portion 6b of the movable contact has a smaller amount than the battery-side movable contact portion 6a. The wear margin of the easy motor side movable contact portion 6b is increased.

実施の形態２
次に、図２に基づいて実施の形態２に係るスタータ用マグネットスイッチを説明する。
図２において、遮断電流の大きい大型のスタータへ適用する場合や、要求動作回数のより多い車両に適用する場合には、実施の形態１に対して、可動接点６と対峙、接触する両固定接点部１２ａ、１２ｂのうち、少なくともいずれか一方の固定接点部を球面状にするとよい。
球面の最頂部は、可動接点６の端部の厚みを上げている部分よりもわずかに内側に配置する。この配置にすると、可動接点６の端部が摩耗が進み、中央部との厚みの差が小さくなったとしても、可動接点６は固定接点１２の球面最頂部と接触するため、可動接点６が二つの固定接点１２と接触するスパンの変化もわずかであり、可動接点６のたわみ剛性は低いまま抑えられる。 Embodiment 2
Next, a starter magnet switch according to Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, when applied to a large starter having a large breaking current, or when applied to a vehicle having a higher number of required operations, both fixed contacts that are opposed to and contact the movable contact 6 with respect to the first embodiment. Of the portions 12a and 12b, at least one of the fixed contact portions may be spherical.
The topmost part of the spherical surface is disposed slightly inside the portion where the thickness of the end of the movable contact 6 is increased. With this arrangement, even if the end of the movable contact 6 is worn out and the difference in thickness from the central portion becomes small, the movable contact 6 comes into contact with the top surface of the spherical surface of the fixed contact 12. The change of the span in contact with the two fixed contacts 12 is also slight, and the flexural rigidity of the movable contact 6 is kept low.

なお、この発明のスタータ用マグネットスイッチは、使用用途がアイドリングストップ車である車にも適用できるものである。   The starter magnet switch of the present invention can also be applied to a vehicle whose use is an idling stop vehicle.

なお又、この発明は、その発明の範囲内において、各実施の形態を組み合わせたり、各実施の形態を適宜、変形、省略することが可能である。   In addition, within the scope of the present invention, the present invention can be combined with each other, or can be appropriately modified or omitted.

１ マグネットスイッチ
２ ソレノイド
３ ブランジャ
４ 内部鉄心
５ ロッド
６ 可動接点
６ａ バッテリ側可動接点部
６ｂ モータ側可動接点部
７ 接点ばね
８ 絶縁部材
９ 絶縁ワッシャ
１０ ストッパ
１１ 復帰ばね
１２ 固定接点
１２ａ バッテリ側固定接点部
１２ｂ モータ側固定接点部
１３ キャップ
１４ ばね
１５ ケース。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnet switch 2 Solenoid 3 Blanker 4 Internal iron core 5 Rod 6 Movable contact 6a Battery side movable contact part 6b Motor side movable contact part 7 Contact spring 8 Insulation member 9 Insulation washer 10 Stopper 11 Return spring 12 Fixed contact 12a Battery side fixed contact part 12b Motor side fixed contact portion 13 Cap 14 Spring 15 Case.

Claims (4)

通電されたソレノイドによって吸引されるプランジャ、このプランジャと当接し復帰ばねに抗して移動するロッド、このロッドに中央部が取り付けられ両端部にそれぞれ接点部を有する板状の可動接点、及びこの可動接点により短絡される一対の接点部を有する固定接点を備え、
上記固定接点の上記接点部は、スタータモータに接続されるモータ側固定接点部と、バッテリに接続されるバッテリ側固定接点部で構成され、上記可動接点部は、上記可動接点の両接点部分の板厚を上記中央部よりも厚くして、この厚くした板厚部で段差部を形成すると共に、上記モータ側固定接点部および上記バッテリ側固定接点部の少なくともいずれか一方の固定接点部は、上記可動接点の接点部と対峙する面が球面状に形成され、その球面の最頂部は、上記段差部分よりもわずかに内側に配置したことを特徴とするスタータ用マグネットスイッチ。 Plunger that is attracted by an energized solenoid, a rod that contacts the plunger and moves against a return spring, a plate-like movable contact that has a central portion attached to the rod and has contact portions at both ends, and the movable A fixed contact having a pair of contact portions short-circuited by the contact;
The contact portion of the fixed contact is composed of a motor side fixed contact portion connected to a starter motor and a battery side fixed contact portion connected to a battery, and the movable contact portion is formed of both contact portions of the movable contact. the plate thickness is made thicker than the central portion, to form a stepped difference portion in the thickened thickness portion, at least one of the fixed contact portion of the motor-side fixed contact portion and the battery-side fixed contact portion The starter magnet switch is characterized in that a surface facing the contact portion of the movable contact is formed in a spherical shape, and the top of the spherical surface is disposed slightly inside the stepped portion . 上記モータ側固定接点部に対峙する可動接点の接点部の厚みを、上記バッテリ側固定接点部と対峙する可動接点の接点部よりも厚くしたことを特徴とする請求項１記載のスタータ用マグネットスイッチ。 The thickness of the contact portion of the movable contact facing the upper SL motor side fixed contact portion, a magnet for starter according to claim 1, characterized in that thicker than contact portions of the movable contact facing the the battery-side fixed contact portion switch. 上記可動接点は、幅方向の両側縁部が中央部より厚みのある段差部で形成された異形銅条を素材とし、この異形銅条を切断加工、又はプレス加工によって所定の形状に打ち抜いて製作されること特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のスタータ用マグネットスイッチ。     The above-mentioned movable contact is manufactured by using a deformed copper strip formed by a stepped portion whose both side edges in the width direction are thicker than the center portion, and punching this deformed copper strip into a predetermined shape by cutting or pressing. The starter magnet switch according to claim 1, wherein the starter magnet switch is provided. 使用用途がアイドリングストップ車であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載のスタータ用マグネットスイッチ。 The starter magnet switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the use application is an idling stop vehicle .
JP2011247244A 2011-11-11 2011-11-11 Magnetic switch for starter Expired - Fee Related JP5276702B2 (en)

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FR2754381B1 (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-11-27 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE CONTACTOR WITH IMPROVED MOBILE CONTACT, STARTER COMPRISING SUCH A CONTACTOR AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE MOBILE CONTACT
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FR2880467B1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2013-10-11 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur BATTERY POWER SWITCH FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
JP2006331756A (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-12-07 Hitachi Ltd Internal combustion engine starter and opening/closing device used for it
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