JP5271625B2 - Surface treatment method of aluminum material and surface-treated aluminum material - Google Patents

Surface treatment method of aluminum material and surface-treated aluminum material Download PDF

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JP5271625B2
JP5271625B2 JP2008191264A JP2008191264A JP5271625B2 JP 5271625 B2 JP5271625 B2 JP 5271625B2 JP 2008191264 A JP2008191264 A JP 2008191264A JP 2008191264 A JP2008191264 A JP 2008191264A JP 5271625 B2 JP5271625 B2 JP 5271625B2
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coating
aluminum material
treatment
treatment method
aluminum
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JP2010024536A (en
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智治 荒井
晶全 田中
光明 杉山
成明 杉山
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Fujisash Co Ltd
Fukko Co Ltd
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Fukko Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface treatment method for an aluminum material with a decorated surface in which a pattern having ruggedness is formed and which has excellent design properties, and to provide an aluminum material obtained by the same method, and which is lightweight, has no problems in the peeling and falling of a decorated surface, and can produce even in a long-length product. <P>SOLUTION: The surface treatment method for an aluminum material includes: forming a film on the surface of an aluminum material by anodic oxidation treatment or chemical conversion treatment, thereafter; if required, primary coating using a coating material comprising an epoxy resin; next, performing intermediate-coating of forming a pattern having ruggedness using a coating material composition comprising a coloring agent, an aggregate and a fluorine resin; and further, applying a clear coating to the intermediate coating surface using a fluorine resin-containing coating material. Also, an aluminum material surface-treated by the surface treatment method is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、アルミニウム材の表面処理方法、および前記表面処理方法で表面処理されてなるアルミニウム材に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明はアルミニウム材の表面を特定方法で処理することにより、意匠性、装飾性に優れ、かつ、軽量で、安全性、耐久性に優れるなどの優れた特性を有するアルミニウム材に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a surface treatment method for an aluminum material, and an aluminum material that has been surface-treated by the surface treatment method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an aluminum material having excellent characteristics such as excellent design and decoration, light weight, safety and durability by treating the surface of the aluminum material with a specific method. Is.

建築物の内壁や外壁などには、さまざまな意匠をこらした建材が使用されている。
例えば、昔ながらの漆喰で前記壁面を仕上げたり(特許文献1参照。)、大理石や御影石、砂岩などを切り出した平板を前記壁面に貼り付けるか、あるいは石膏ボードやセメント板、モルタルボード、珪酸カルシウム板などに、これら天然石材の粉状物や粒状物を結着剤と共に塗布して、石材調の雰囲気を持つようにしたり(特許文献2、3参照。)、陶磁原料成形体面に陶磁原料の粉粒体を付着させた後、焼成して陶磁性装飾材を建築物の内外壁装飾材として利用したり(特許文献4参照。)している。
Building materials with various designs are used for the inner and outer walls of buildings.
For example, the wall surface is finished with old-fashioned plaster (see Patent Document 1), a flat plate cut out of marble, granite, sandstone or the like is attached to the wall surface, or a gypsum board, cement board, mortar board, calcium silicate board For example, these natural stone powders and granules are applied together with a binder to create a stone-like atmosphere (see Patent Documents 2 and 3), or ceramic raw material powder on the surface of the ceramic raw material molded body After adhering the particles, the ceramic decorative material is fired and used as a decorative material for the inner and outer walls of the building (see Patent Document 4).

しかしながら、前記漆喰では、壁面が完成してから手作業で行われるので、熟練を要するうえに、乾燥や地震によりひび割れしたり、剥がれやすくなったりするなど、耐久性に問題がある。
天然石を切り出した平板を使用する方法では、これらの石材自体が極めて高価であるうえに、重量物となるため、作業性が悪く、加えて地震時の落下や破損による飛散対策を講じる必要がある。また、長尺物を得ることが難しい。
天然石材の粉状物や粒状物を石膏ボードやセメント板、モルタルボード、珪酸カルシウム板などに接着する方法では、これらの基材には吸水性や吸湿性があって、寸法変化やクラックが生じ、その結果、クラックに汚染物質が浸透付着したり、建材の白化成分が塗膜表面に浸出して白化現象を生起させるなどの問題がある。また、全体として、ほとんど均一な模様や色調を供えたものとなり、単調で、天然の石材調化粧面をかもし出すまでには至っていない。
陶磁性装飾材を使用する方法では、焼物を製造するときの歩留まりが悪く、結果として高価となるうえに、納期が長くなる。加えて地震や自然劣化などによる落下対策を講じる必要がある。また、2mを超える長尺物を製造するのは実質的に困難である。
一方、アルミニウムやその合金への模様意匠の形成方法については、前記基材の組成、熱処理、押出条件などにより表面に模様を形成させる方法(下記特許文献5参照。)、塗料による模様形成方法、および模様を印刷、またはフィルムに転写して定着させる方法などが提案されている。しかし、いずれの方法も模様の色調や種類が限定されており、また、模様も平面的なものしか得られなかった。
However, since the plaster is manually performed after the wall surface is completed, there is a problem in durability such that it requires skill, and is cracked or easily peeled off due to drying or earthquake.
In the method of using a flat plate cut out of natural stone, these stones themselves are very expensive and become heavy, so workability is poor, and in addition, it is necessary to take measures against scattering due to falling or breakage during an earthquake . Moreover, it is difficult to obtain a long object.
In the method of adhering powdered or granular materials of natural stone to gypsum board, cement board, mortar board, calcium silicate board, etc., these substrates have water absorption and moisture absorption, resulting in dimensional changes and cracks. As a result, there are problems such as contaminants penetrating and adhering to the cracks, and whitening components of building materials leaching out to the surface of the coating film to cause a whitening phenomenon. Moreover, as a whole, it has been provided with almost uniform patterns and colors, and has not yet reached a monotonous, natural stone-like makeup surface.
In the method using the ceramic decorative material, the yield when producing the ceramics is poor, resulting in an increase in cost and a long delivery time. In addition, it is necessary to take measures against falling due to earthquakes and natural degradation. In addition, it is practically difficult to manufacture a long object exceeding 2 m.
On the other hand, with respect to a method for forming a pattern design on aluminum or an alloy thereof, a method of forming a pattern on the surface by the composition of the substrate, heat treatment, extrusion conditions, etc. (see Patent Document 5 below), a pattern forming method using a paint, In addition, a method of printing or transferring a pattern onto a film and fixing it has been proposed. However, in any of the methods, the color tone and the type of the pattern are limited, and the pattern can only be obtained in a plane.

特開2001−192255号公報JP 2001-192255 A 特開平11−62163号公報JP-A-11-62163 特開平5−279149号公報JP-A-5-279149 特開2001−322884号公報JP 2001-322884 A 特開平05−70906号公報JP 05-70906 A

本発明は、凹凸のある模様を形成するところから、意匠性、装飾性に優れた化粧面を有するアルミニウム材の表面処理方法、および該方法で得られた、軽量で、化粧面の剥離や落下の問題が無く、耐久性があり、かつ長尺物でも製造可能なアルミニウム材を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention provides a surface treatment method for an aluminum material having a decorative surface excellent in design and decorativeness, and a lightweight, decorative peeling or dropping of a decorative surface, from the formation of an uneven pattern. It is an object of the present invention to provide an aluminum material that is durable and that can be manufactured even with long objects.

本発明者らは、前記目的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成したもので、以下を要旨とする。
1.アルミニウム材の表面に陽極酸化処理または化成処理により皮膜を生成した後、着色剤と骨材、およびフッ素系樹脂を含有する塗料組成物を用いて凹凸を有する模様を形成する中塗り塗装を行い、さらに、前記中塗り塗装面にフッ素系樹脂塗料を用いてクリア塗装を施すことを特徴とするアルミニウム材の表面処理方法。
2.前記陽極酸化処理面または化成処理面にエポキシ系樹脂塗料を用いてプライマー塗装を行い、次いで前記中塗り塗装を行う上記1に記載のアルミニウム材の表面処理方法。
3.前記陽極酸化処理面または化成処理面にさらに電解着色処理を行い、ついでエポキシ系樹脂塗料を用いてプライマー塗装を行う上記1または2に記載のアルミニウム材の表面処理方法。
4.上記1〜3のいずれかに記載の表面処理方法で表面処理されてなるアルミニウム材。
The inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention as a result of intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and the gist thereof is as follows.
1. After forming a film on the surface of the aluminum material by anodizing treatment or chemical conversion treatment, an intermediate coating is performed to form a pattern having irregularities using a coating composition containing a colorant, an aggregate, and a fluorine resin, Furthermore, the surface treatment method of the aluminum material characterized by performing clear coating on the said intermediate coating surface using a fluorine resin coating material.
2. 2. The surface treatment method for an aluminum material according to 1 above, wherein primer coating is performed on the anodized surface or chemical conversion surface using an epoxy resin coating, and then the intermediate coating is performed.
3. 3. The surface treatment method for an aluminum material according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the anodized surface or chemical conversion surface is further subjected to electrolytic coloring treatment, and then primer coating is performed using an epoxy resin paint.
4). The aluminum material by which surface treatment is carried out by the surface treatment method in any one of said 1-3.

本発明によれば、凹凸を有する模様を形成することができるところから、意匠性、装飾性に優れた化粧面を有するアルミニウム材の製造方法を提供することができる。また、前記方法で得られた、軽量で、化粧面の剥離や落下の問題が無く、安全で耐久性があり、かつ長尺物でも製造可能なアルミニウム材を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, since the pattern which has an unevenness | corrugation can be formed, the manufacturing method of the aluminum material which has the decorative surface excellent in the designability and the decorating property can be provided. Further, it is possible to provide an aluminum material obtained by the above method, which is lightweight, has no problem of peeling or dropping of the decorative surface, is safe and durable, and can be manufactured even with a long object.

以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明は、アルミニウム材の表面に陽極酸化処理または化成処理により皮膜を生成した後、着色剤と骨材、およびフッ素系樹脂を含有する塗料組成物を用いて凹凸を有する模様を形成する中塗り塗装を行い、さらに、前記中塗り塗装面にフッ素系樹脂塗料を用いてクリア塗装を施すアルミニウム材の表面処理方法に関する。
本発明では、建材の基材として、アルミニウムを使用する。一般に、特に外壁装飾用の建材としては、石膏ボードやセメント板、モルタルボード、珪酸カルシウム板などが使用されるが、これらは吸水性や吸湿性があって、寸法変化やクラックが生じ、その結果、クラックに汚染物質が浸透付着したり、建材の白化成分が塗膜表面に浸出して白化現象を生起させる。しかし、本発明で採用されるアルミニウム材では、このような現象は無く、かつ軽量で、壁面への取付け・取外しも容易となる。
前記アルミニウム材の形状としては、本発明の表面処理方法が適用可能であれば、特に限定されず、例えば、平板、管(断面が四角または長方形の角管や、円または楕円形の丸管など)、棒(丸棒、角棒など)の他、押出形材などの加工品も使用することができる。
本発明で採用されるアルミニウム基材は、アルミニウムや、アルミニウムに銅やマンガン、ケイ素、マグネシウムなどを混合して得られる各種のアルミニウム合金である。前記アルミニウム合金としては、アルミニウムーマグネシウムーケイ素や、アルミニウムー亜鉛ーマグネシウムなどの三元系アルミニウム合金などが挙げられる。
The present invention is described in detail below.
The present invention provides an intermediate coating in which a film is formed on the surface of an aluminum material by anodizing treatment or chemical conversion treatment, and then a pattern having irregularities is formed using a coating composition containing a colorant, an aggregate, and a fluororesin. The present invention relates to a surface treatment method for an aluminum material that performs coating and further performs clear coating on the intermediate coating surface using a fluorine resin coating.
In the present invention, aluminum is used as a base material for building materials. In general, gypsum board, cement board, mortar board, calcium silicate board, etc. are used as building materials for exterior wall decoration, but these are water-absorbing and hygroscopic, resulting in dimensional changes and cracks. In addition, contaminants penetrate into and adhere to the cracks, and the whitening component of the building material leaches out to the surface of the paint film, causing a whitening phenomenon. However, the aluminum material employed in the present invention does not have such a phenomenon, is lightweight, and can be easily attached to and detached from the wall surface.
The shape of the aluminum material is not particularly limited as long as the surface treatment method of the present invention can be applied. For example, a flat plate or a tube (a square tube having a square or rectangular cross section, a circular tube having a circular or elliptical shape, etc.) ), Bars (round bars, square bars, etc.), and processed products such as extruded shapes can also be used.
The aluminum substrate employed in the present invention is aluminum or various aluminum alloys obtained by mixing copper, manganese, silicon, magnesium, or the like with aluminum. Examples of the aluminum alloy include ternary aluminum alloys such as aluminum-magnesium-silicon and aluminum-zinc-magnesium.

これらのアルミニウム材は、まず必要に応じて、その表面を溶剤脱脂、酸性脱脂、弱アルカリ性脱脂または電解脱脂のいずれかの方法で脱脂を行い、表面を清浄にする。次いで、エッチング処理を行い、表面の自然酸化皮膜を除去し、付着性の向上を図る。エッチング処理は、通常は適温に維持した水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中に浸漬することにより行なわれる。一般には、溶存アルミニウム5〜20g/Lを含む水酸化ナトリウム30〜150g/L程度の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いて、30〜70℃において3〜20分程度行われる。
次いで、硝酸、硫酸などの酸液を用いて、エッチング処理時に生成したスマット除去のための脱スマット処理を行う。なお、前記の脱脂とエッチング処理、脱スマット処理は必須ではなく、必要に応じて行うことができる。
The surface of these aluminum materials is first degreased by a solvent degreasing, acid degreasing, weak alkaline degreasing or electrolytic degreasing as necessary to clean the surface. Next, an etching process is performed to remove the natural oxide film on the surface, thereby improving adhesion. The etching treatment is usually performed by immersing in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution maintained at an appropriate temperature. Generally, it is carried out at 30 to 70 ° C. for about 3 to 20 minutes using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution containing about 30 to 150 g / L of sodium hydroxide containing 5 to 20 g / L of dissolved aluminum.
Next, desmutting treatment for removing smut generated during the etching treatment is performed using an acid solution such as nitric acid or sulfuric acid. The degreasing, etching, and desmutting processes are not essential and can be performed as necessary.

その後、アルミニウム材の表面を陽極酸化処理して陽極酸化皮膜を形成するか、または化成処理して化成皮膜を形成する。
陽極酸化処理は、硫酸、リン酸等の無機酸、または蓚酸などの有機酸の1種以上を含有する電解液中、好ましくは硫酸を含有する電解液中で、アルミニウム材を陽極に接続して直流電流、交流電流、またはパルス電流などを印加することにより行う。
陽極酸化処理条件としては、電解液の種類、濃度等に応じて、常法に従って選択すれば良く、一般には、硫酸100〜300g/L、溶存アルミニウム5〜30g/Lを含む電解液で、電圧10〜60V、電流密度1〜10A/dm2、処理時間5〜60分間、温度10〜70℃で行われる。
なお、この陽極酸化処理方法は、一般にアルマイト処理と呼ばれる処理方法と同じ操作であるが、一般に行われるアルマイト処理での酸化皮膜の膜厚は10〜25μm程度とされるが、本発明においては、そのような厚膜は必要とせず、3〜15μm程度とする。これは、一般のアルマイト処理がもっぱらアルミニウム材の防食を目的とするが、本発明においては、防食と共に、後工程で塗布されるプライマー、または中塗り塗料との密着性を向上させることを目的とするためである。このため、本発明においては、一般のアルマイト処理よりも電解処理時間を短くすることができる。
陽極酸化処理により、アルミニウム材表面には無数の微細孔を有する多孔質皮膜ができる。
一方、化成処理方法としては、クロメート処理や、クロム酸クロムを使用する方法が知られているが、このうち、クロメート処理では、通常、室温下で、無水クロム酸0.1〜40mg/L、硫酸0.3〜30gm/L、硝酸0.1〜10mg/L、その他必要に応じてリン酸、フッ化水素酸などを含むクロメート処理液中にアルミニウム材を数秒〜数十秒間浸漬した後、空中放置、水洗を経て、加熱乾燥されることにより行われる。
また、クロム酸クロムを使用する方法は、前記の無水クロム酸に替えて、クロム酸クロムを使用するものである。
本発明においては、下地処理方法としては、前記どちらの方法も採用することが可能であるが、化成処理では、クロムなどの有害物質を使用することから、クローズドシステムを採用するなどの対策を講じる必要がある。従って、このような有害物質を使用しないで下地処理することができる陽極酸化処理を採用する方が望ましい。
Thereafter, the surface of the aluminum material is anodized to form an anodized film, or a chemical conversion treatment is performed to form a chemical film.
In the anodizing treatment, an aluminum material is connected to the anode in an electrolytic solution containing one or more of an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, or an organic acid such as oxalic acid, preferably in an electrolytic solution containing sulfuric acid. This is performed by applying a direct current, an alternating current, or a pulse current.
The anodizing conditions may be selected according to a conventional method according to the type, concentration, etc. of the electrolytic solution. In general, an electrolytic solution containing 100 to 300 g / L of sulfuric acid and 5 to 30 g / L of dissolved aluminum is used. 10-60V, current density 1-10 A / dm 2 , treatment time 5-60 minutes, temperature 10-70 ° C.
In addition, although this anodic oxidation treatment method is the same operation as a treatment method generally called alumite treatment, the film thickness of the oxide film in the alumite treatment generally performed is about 10 to 25 μm. Such a thick film is not required and is about 3 to 15 μm. The purpose of this is to improve the adhesion with the primer or intermediate coating applied in the subsequent process, together with the anticorrosion, although the general anodized treatment is exclusively aimed at the corrosion protection of the aluminum material. It is to do. For this reason, in this invention, electrolytic treatment time can be shortened rather than a general alumite process.
By the anodizing treatment, a porous film having innumerable fine pores can be formed on the surface of the aluminum material.
On the other hand, as a chemical conversion treatment method, a chromate treatment and a method using chromium chromate are known, but among these, chromate treatment is usually 0.1 to 40 mg / L of chromic anhydride at room temperature. After immersing an aluminum material for several seconds to several tens of seconds in a chromate treatment solution containing sulfuric acid 0.3 to 30 gm / L, nitric acid 0.1 to 10 mg / L, and other necessary phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, etc. It is carried out by leaving it in the air, washing it with water and drying it by heating.
Moreover, the method using chromium chromate uses chromium chromate instead of the above-mentioned chromic anhydride.
In the present invention, either of the above-described methods can be adopted as the ground treatment method. However, in the chemical conversion treatment, since a harmful substance such as chromium is used, measures such as employing a closed system are taken. There is a need. Therefore, it is desirable to employ an anodizing treatment that can perform the base treatment without using such a harmful substance.

次に、このまま下記の仮封孔を行ってもよいが、陽極酸化処理により生成した皮膜に、電解着色処理を行うことにより、傷ついた場合でも、目立たなくさせることができる。さらに傷を目立たなくさせるためには、上塗りと同等の明るさを有する下地色を着色しておくことが好ましい。
電解着色処理条件としては、金属塩を溶解した処理液中に、前記の陽極酸化処理済のアルミニウム材を浸漬し、直流電流、交流電流、非対称交流電流、およびパルス波電流などを印加して、電流密度0.1〜5A/dm2程度、処理時間10〜500秒間程度、温度20〜70℃程度とする。
Next, the following temporary sealing may be performed as it is, but the coating formed by anodizing treatment may be made inconspicuous even if it is damaged by performing electrolytic coloring treatment. Further, in order to make the scratches inconspicuous, it is preferable to color a base color having a brightness equivalent to that of the top coat.
As electrolytic coloring treatment conditions, the anodized aluminum material is immersed in a treatment solution in which a metal salt is dissolved, and direct current, alternating current, asymmetrical alternating current, pulse wave current, and the like are applied. current density 0.1~5A / dm 2 about the processing time of about 10 to 500 seconds, and the temperature 20 to 70 ° C. approximately.

以上のように、陽極酸化処理後に、好ましくは電解着色処理を行い、次いで、湯洗処理、短時間の沸騰水への浸漬処理、または薬品処理による仮封孔を行って塗装下地を完成させる。湯洗処理は、温度70〜95℃程度の純水と前記アルミニウム材とを1〜20分程度接触させて行う。
この仮封孔も、通常アルマイト処理後に行われる封孔に比べると、目安として半分の微細孔を封孔する程度でよい。完全に封孔すると、後工程で塗布されるプライマーまたは中塗り塗料との密着性が劣るようになるので、好ましくはない。
以上の結果、アルミニウム材の表面に、防食性と密着性に優れた酸化皮膜が形成され、塗装下地ができる。
As described above, after the anodizing treatment, an electrolytic coloring treatment is preferably performed, and then a water-washing treatment, a dipping treatment in boiling water for a short time, or a temporary sealing by chemical treatment is performed to complete the coating base. The hot water washing treatment is performed by bringing pure water having a temperature of about 70 to 95 ° C. into contact with the aluminum material for about 1 to 20 minutes.
As compared with the sealing performed normally after the alumite treatment, the temporary sealing may be performed only by sealing half of the fine holes as a guide. When completely sealed, the adhesion with a primer or intermediate coating applied in a subsequent process becomes inferior, which is not preferable.
As a result, an oxide film excellent in corrosion resistance and adhesion is formed on the surface of the aluminum material, and a coating base can be formed.

次に、前記塗装下地に模様塗装を行う。
模様塗装は、プライマー塗装と中塗り塗装(1〜3回)、およびクリア塗装からなる。
このうち、プライマー塗装は省略することが可能ではあるが、プライマー塗装を行うことにより、下地と中塗り塗装で形成される塗装部分との密着性がより確実に向上するので、行うことが好ましい。
プライマー塗装を行う場合、本発明では、プライマーとしては、塩素化ポリエチレンや塩素化ポリプロピレン等の塩素化ポリオレフィン、無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレンなどの酸変性ポリオレフィン、エチレン・アクリル酸エチル共重合体などのエチレン系共重合体、有機金属化合物(エチルα−シアノアクリレート系等)、ホスファイト系化合物、エポキシ系樹脂塗料、ポリエチレンイミドとポリエポキシ誘導体の混合物、塩素化ポリプロピレンとアクリルアミド系共重合体の混合物、PVC系共重合体とポリエステル系共重合体の混合物、ウレタン系エマルジョン、およびアクリル系共重合体などが挙げられる。このうち、良好な密着性を示し、耐食性にも優れたエポキシ系樹脂塗料を使用することが好ましい。
プライマー塗装は、前記プライマーをスプレーや刷毛、ローラーなどを用いて、下地処理されたアルミニウム材の表面に均一に塗布して行う。
Next, pattern coating is performed on the coating base.
The pattern coating consists of primer coating, intermediate coating (1 to 3 times), and clear coating.
Among these, the primer coating can be omitted, but it is preferable to perform the primer coating because the adhesion between the base and the coating portion formed by the intermediate coating is more reliably improved.
In the case of performing primer coating, in the present invention, as a primer, chlorinated polyolefin such as chlorinated polyethylene and chlorinated polypropylene, acid-modified polyolefin such as maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene, ethylene-based ethylene / ethyl acrylate copolymer, etc. Copolymers, organometallic compounds (such as ethyl α-cyanoacrylate), phosphite compounds, epoxy resin coatings, mixtures of polyethyleneimide and polyepoxy derivatives, mixtures of chlorinated polypropylene and acrylamide copolymers, PVC Examples thereof include a mixture of a copolymer and a polyester copolymer, a urethane emulsion, and an acrylic copolymer. Among these, it is preferable to use an epoxy resin paint that exhibits good adhesion and excellent corrosion resistance.
The primer coating is performed by uniformly applying the primer to the surface of the ground aluminum material using a spray, a brush, a roller, or the like.

次に、中塗り塗装を行うが、中塗り塗装では、表現したい意匠に応じて、着色剤、骨材、および結着剤としてフッ素系樹脂を含有する塗料組成物を使用する。
本発明では、中塗り塗料に骨材を添加することにより、天然石模様や、レンガ調、タイル調、木目調、砂岩調、吹き付けリシン調、波打状、斑点状、風紋調、布地模様、刷毛目調、立体網目調など、凹凸を有するテクスチャーパターンを表現することが可能となる。
このような骨材としては、シリカ粉、寒水、破砕した石や煉瓦、シラス、珪砂、木材粉、または粘土類を焼成し、必要により着色して得られたセラミックスなどが使用できる。
骨材の形状は、粒状、粉状、ペレット状、角状、塊状など、表現したい意匠に合わせて自由に採用することができる。
骨材の大きさも、表現したい意匠に応じて、粒状の場合、通常直径が0.1〜5mm程度、ペレット状の場合、直径が0.1〜1mm、長さが1〜5mm程度のものが採用される。
着色剤としては、着色顔料、体質顔料などをはじめ、各種の顔料や塗料が使用可能である。
着色顔料としては、二酸化チタン、ベンガラ、黄鉛、クロムグリーン、群青、マルスバイオレット、コバルトブルー、カーボンブラックなどが挙げられる。また、体質顔料としては、大理石パウダーやセラミックパウダーが挙げられる。さらに、アルミニウムや真鍮などの鱗片状箔片などの金属顔料を使用してもよい。また、必要に応じて、着色剤用分散剤や、その他の改質材などを添加してもよい。
着色剤の色調を選択することにより、アルミニウム材の外観を焼物調、素焼き調、石目調など、自由に選択することができる。
Next, an intermediate coating is performed. In the intermediate coating, a coating composition containing a fluororesin as a colorant, an aggregate, and a binder is used according to the design to be expressed.
In the present invention, by adding aggregate to the intermediate coating, natural stone pattern, brick tone, tile tone, wood grain tone, sandstone tone, sprayed lysine tone, corrugated, spotted, wind-like tone, fabric pattern, brush It is possible to express a texture pattern having irregularities such as a tone and a three-dimensional network tone.
As such aggregates, silica powder, cold water, crushed stones and bricks, shirasu, silica sand, wood powder, or ceramics obtained by firing and coloring if necessary can be used.
The shape of the aggregate can be freely adopted according to the design to be expressed, such as granular, powder, pellet, square, and lump.
Depending on the design to be expressed, the size of the aggregate is usually about 0.1 to 5 mm in diameter in the case of granules, and about 0.1 to 1 mm in diameter and about 1 to 5 mm in length in the case of pellets. Adopted.
As the colorant, various pigments and paints including color pigments and extender pigments can be used.
Examples of the color pigment include titanium dioxide, bengara, yellow lead, chrome green, ultramarine, mars violet, cobalt blue, and carbon black. Examples of extender pigments include marble powder and ceramic powder. Furthermore, you may use metal pigments, such as scaly foil pieces, such as aluminum and brass. Moreover, you may add the dispersing agent for coloring agents, another modifier, etc. as needed.
By selecting the color tone of the colorant, the appearance of the aluminum material can be freely selected, such as a ceramic tone, unglazed tone, and stone tone.

結着剤であるフッ素系樹脂としてはトリフルオロエチレンービニルエーテル系、テトラフルオロエチレンービニルエーテル系、トリフルオロプロピレンービニルエーテル系、テトラフルオロプロピレンービニルエーテル系、トリフルオロエチレンービニルエステル系、テトラフルオロエチレンービニルエステル系、トリフルオロプロピレンービニルエステル系、テトラフルオロプロピレンービニルエステル系、トリフルオロエチレンーエチレン系、テトラフルオロエチレンーエチレン系、ポリビニリデンフルオライド系、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン系などが挙げられ、このうちトリフルオロエチレンービニルエーテル系フッ素樹脂としては、旭硝子社の「ルミフロン」、AGCコーテック社製の「ボンフロン」などが例示される。
なお、本発明においては、前記フッ素系樹脂のみを使用してもよいが、中塗り塗装の必要性能に応じて、前記フッ素系樹脂以外に、従来から使用されているアクリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂なども併用して使用することができる。しかし、これらの樹脂を併用した場合でも、フッ素系樹脂を主体(中塗り塗料組成物中、フッ素系樹脂が50質量%を超える含有量)とする必要がある。
その他、必要に応じてフィラーを添加してもよい。このようなフィラーとしては、珪石、アルミナ、ガラスなどの粉状物、カオリナイト、モンモリロナイト、バーミキュライトなどの粘土、雲母などの扁平状物、ガラス繊維などの繊維状物などが挙げられる。
これらの成分を有機溶剤や、水と石油系溶剤との混合溶剤などの溶剤に添加し、混合攪拌して中塗り塗装用の塗料組成物を製造する。
前記塗料組成物中の各成分の含有量としては、着色剤0.2〜8質量%、骨材1〜70質量%、フィラー0〜80質量%、フッ素系樹脂10〜70質量%程度を目安とする。なお、その他の添加物として、必要に応じて、一般に使用される界面活性剤や分散剤、硬化促進剤、消泡剤などを添加してもよい。
以上のような中塗り用塗料組成物は、最終的には、下記の塗布方法に適した粘度を呈するように、メチルセルロースやメチルヒドロキシプロピルセルロースなどの増粘剤を用いて調製するが、通常3,000〜50,000cps程度の粘度のものとする。
こうして得られた中塗り用塗料を、アルミニウム材表面の塗装下地面に直接、またはプライマー塗装を行った後に塗装する。前記骨材や着色剤、およびフッ素系樹脂を十分に混合して塗装組成物を得た後、スプレーなどを用いた吹き付け、刷毛塗り、ローラー塗装、コテ塗り塗装などにより塗布する。その際、凹凸模様を強調するために、均一に塗布するのではなく、塗布量が粗となる部分と密となる部分ができるように塗布することが好ましい。
本発明方法では、塗膜厚さが数10μm〜5mm程度の模様塗膜を形成することができる。
塗装は1回でもよいが、より確実に凹凸を有する模様を形成するためには、常法に従い、塗料組成を変えて、または変えずに2、3回程度塗布して、塗装面を複層にすることが望ましい。特に、第1中塗り塗装を透かすように第2、3中塗り塗装を行うことが望ましい。
中塗り塗装時の温度は室温〜80℃程度、また乾燥時は室温〜150℃程度とする。
なお、必要に応じて、コテ、ローラー、櫛、および、ほうきなどを用いて、さらに表面に機械的に模様をつけても良い。前記模様としては、例えば、波紋、流水、縞、立波、および風紋などが挙げられ、凹凸模様をさらに強調することができる。
Fluorocarbon resin as binder is trifluoroethylene-vinyl ether, tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether, trifluoropropylene-vinyl ether, tetrafluoropropylene-vinyl ether, trifluoroethylene-vinyl ester, tetrafluoroethylene Examples include vinyl ester, trifluoropropylene-vinyl ester, tetrafluoropropylene-vinyl ester, trifluoroethylene-ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polychlorotrifluoroethylene. Of these, examples of the trifluoroethylene-vinyl ether fluororesin include “Lumiflon” manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., “Bonflon” manufactured by AGC Co-Tech Co., Ltd., and the like.
In the present invention, only the fluororesin may be used, but depending on the required performance of the intermediate coating, in addition to the fluororesin, conventionally used acrylic resin, urethane resin, acetic acid Vinyl resins, vinyl chloride resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins and the like can also be used in combination. However, even when these resins are used in combination, it is necessary that the fluororesin be the main component (the content of the fluororesin exceeds 50 mass% in the intermediate coating composition).
In addition, you may add a filler as needed. Examples of such fillers include powders such as silica, alumina, and glass, clays such as kaolinite, montmorillonite, and vermiculite, flat materials such as mica, and fibrous materials such as glass fibers.
These components are added to a solvent such as an organic solvent or a mixed solvent of water and a petroleum solvent, and mixed and stirred to produce a coating composition for intermediate coating.
As content of each component in the said coating composition, 0.2-8 mass% of coloring agents, 1-70 mass% of aggregates, 0-80 mass% of fillers, and about 10-70 mass% of fluororesins are standard. And In addition, as other additives, generally used surfactants, dispersants, curing accelerators, antifoaming agents, and the like may be added.
The intermediate coating composition as described above is finally prepared using a thickener such as methylcellulose or methylhydroxypropylcellulose so as to exhibit a viscosity suitable for the following coating method. , Having a viscosity of about 50,000 to 50,000 cps.
The intermediate coating thus obtained is applied directly or after primer coating on the surface of the aluminum material. The aggregate, colorant, and fluororesin are sufficiently mixed to obtain a coating composition, which is then applied by spraying using a spray or the like, brush coating, roller coating, or trowel coating. At that time, in order to emphasize the concavo-convex pattern, it is preferable not to apply uniformly, but to apply a portion where the coating amount becomes coarse and a portion where the coating amount becomes dense.
In the method of the present invention, a patterned coating film having a coating thickness of about several tens of μm to 5 mm can be formed.
Although it may be applied only once, in order to form a pattern with irregularities more reliably, it is applied about 2 or 3 times with or without changing the coating composition in accordance with the usual method, and the coating surface is formed in multiple layers. It is desirable to make it. In particular, it is desirable to perform the second and third intermediate coatings so that the first intermediate coating is transparent.
The temperature during intermediate coating is about room temperature to about 80 ° C, and the drying time is about room temperature to about 150 ° C.
If necessary, the surface may be further mechanically patterned using a trowel, a roller, a comb, a broom or the like. Examples of the pattern include ripples, running water, stripes, standing waves, and wind ripples, and the uneven pattern can be further emphasized.

前記中塗り塗装が乾燥した後、さらに前記中塗り塗装面にフッ素系樹脂を含有する塗料を用いてクリア塗装を施す。
このクリア塗装は、本発明で得られるアルミニウム材の水分による汚れの吸着防止や、表面のキズを防止するなど、耐久性を高めるために行うものであって、本発明では、フッ素系樹脂を含有する塗料を使用する。本発明では、表面の艶はクリア塗装をおこなうことにより、艶ありから艶消しまで対応することができる。なお、クリア塗装では、一般的にアクリル系樹脂含有塗料が採用されるが、このアクリル系樹脂含有塗料を外壁に塗装した場合、10年程度で白化現象が現われ、特に超高層ビルなどへの使用は耐久性の点で問題がある。
これに対して、本発明では、中塗り塗装とクリア塗装を両方ともフッ素系樹脂含有塗料を用いることにより、長期の耐久性を有するものとなる。
こうして表面処理されたアルミニウム材は、基材の材質や形状が従来のアルミニウム材と同じため、従来のアルミニウム材と同様な使用方法が可能であり、取外しや取付け方法などが簡便になる。
After the intermediate coating is dried, the intermediate coating surface is further subjected to clear coating using a paint containing a fluororesin.
This clear coating is performed in order to enhance durability, such as preventing the adsorption of dirt due to moisture of the aluminum material obtained in the present invention and preventing scratches on the surface. In the present invention, the clear coating contains a fluorine resin. Use paint to make. In the present invention, the gloss of the surface can be dealt with from lustrous to matte by performing clear coating. In clear coating, acrylic resin-containing paint is generally used. However, when this acrylic resin-containing paint is applied to the outer wall, a whitening phenomenon appears in about 10 years, especially for high-rise buildings. Is problematic in terms of durability.
On the other hand, in the present invention, both the intermediate coating and the clear coating have long-term durability by using a fluorine resin-containing coating.
Since the surface-treated aluminum material has the same material and shape as that of the conventional aluminum material, it can be used in the same manner as the conventional aluminum material, and can be easily removed and attached.

以上に詳細に述べたように、本発明で提供されるアルミニウム材の表面処理方法は、凹凸を有する模様が形成され、意匠性に優れた化粧面を有するアルミニウム材の製造方法を提供することができる。また、該方法によって得られたアルミニウム材は、凹凸を有する模様が形成された、意匠性に優れた化粧面を有する高耐久性のアルミニウム材であり、軽量で、化粧面の剥離や落下の問題が無く、取付け・取外しが容易で、しかも長尺物でも短期間で製造可能なアルミニウム材を提供することができる。   As described in detail above, the surface treatment method for an aluminum material provided by the present invention can provide a method for producing an aluminum material having a decorative surface with a pattern having irregularities and having an excellent decorative surface. it can. In addition, the aluminum material obtained by the method is a highly durable aluminum material having a decorative surface excellent in design, in which a pattern having irregularities is formed, and is lightweight and has a problem of peeling or dropping of the decorative surface. Therefore, it is possible to provide an aluminum material that can be easily mounted and removed and can be manufactured in a short time even for a long object.

次に、本発明を実施例により、さらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は、これらの例によってなんら限定されるものではない。
実施例1
JIS H 4100に規定されたA6063−T5材をアルミニウム基材とした角パイプ(縦60mm×横40mm、厚さ3mm、外R4mm、内R1mm)からなるアルミニウム材を用いて実施した。
先ず、前記アルミニウム角パイプに前処理を施した。すなわち、3〜5質量%に調整した弱アルカリ性の脱脂剤(P.T580 FS1、ヘンケルジャパン社製)を用いて、40℃下、5分間弱アルカリ性脱脂を行い、次いで上水で常温下、5分間水洗した。次に50℃に維持した水酸化ナトリウムを70g/Lと溶存アルミニウムを10g/Lとを含む液槽に前記アルミニウム材を浸漬し、10分間静置した。その後前記アルミニウム材を取り出して上水を用いて常温下、5分間水洗した。その後、150g/Lの硝酸と常温下5分間接触させて中和した。最後に再度上水で常温下5分間水洗して、前処理を終了した。
次に、下記条件にて陽極酸化処理を行った。
処理液:20℃で180g/Lの硫酸と溶存アルミニウム5g/Lを含有
電解条件:直流、定電流、1A/dm2の電流密度で20分間(最終電圧は14V)
上記陽極酸化処理終了後に、純水で常温下5分間水洗した。その結果、アルミニウム材の表面に6μmの陽極酸化皮膜が得られた。その後、以下の条件で電解着色処理を行った。
処理液:硫酸ニッケル100g/L、ホウ酸30g/L、pH4.8、温度30℃
第一ステージ電解条件:非対称交流(正>負)、電流密度0.2A/dm2、25秒間通電
第二ステージ電解条件:非対称交流(負>正)、電流密度0.15A/dm2、100秒間通電
上記第二ステージ電解終了後に、常温の純水で5分間水洗を行い、次いで、80℃の純水を5分間接触させて仮封孔処理を行った。
次に模様塗装を行った。先ず、下地に水分や油分、粉分が無いことを確認し、室温下 でプライマーとして、基材硬化剤二液反応型変性エポキシ系塗料(AGCコーテック社製)を用いて、スプレーにより均一に吹き付けた。プライマー層が完全乾燥状態になったところで、下記の中塗り塗料を用いて塗装を行った。
用いた中塗り塗料の組成と塗料全体に対する含有量は以下の通り。
ケイシャ(商品名:フラタリサンド、日鉄商事社製) 65質量%
無機顔料(商品名:バイフェロックス、バイエル社製) 1質量%
二酸化チタン(商品名:TCR−10,堺化学工業社製) 1.2質量%
フッ素系エマルジョンバインダー樹脂(AGCコーテック社製) 23質量%
その他の添加剤
消泡剤:アデカネートB190、アサヒデンカ社製、 0.5質量%、
増粘剤:UH420、アサヒデンカ社製、 1質量%
分散剤:ポイーズ530、花王社製、 0.5質量%
これらに水を7.8質量%加えて、混合攪拌し、粘度が20000CPSになるように調製した。
塗装は室温下でのスプレー塗装とし、約1mmの厚さの塗膜が形成されるように2回塗装した。
上記中塗り塗装面が乾燥した後、クリア塗装を行った。クリア塗装では、基材硬化剤二液反応型溶剤フッ素樹脂(AGCコーテック社製)を用いて、スプレー塗装を行った。
その結果、得られたアルミニウム材の表面には、凹凸があり、目視にて透明で立体感のある焼物(陶器)状色調を有する模様が明確に確認された。
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.
Example 1
The test was carried out using an aluminum material made of a square pipe (length 60 mm × width 40 mm, thickness 3 mm, outer R4 mm, inner R1 mm) using an A6063-T5 material defined in JIS H4100 as an aluminum base.
First, the aluminum square pipe was pretreated. That is, using a weak alkaline degreasing agent (P.T580 FS1, manufactured by Henkel Japan Co., Ltd.) adjusted to 3 to 5% by mass, weak alkaline degreasing is performed at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then at room temperature with water. Washed with water for a minute. Next, the said aluminum material was immersed in the liquid tank containing 70 g / L of sodium hydroxide maintained at 50 degreeC, and 10 g / L of dissolved aluminum, and left still for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the aluminum material was taken out and washed with water for 5 minutes at room temperature. Thereafter, it was neutralized by contacting with 150 g / L nitric acid at room temperature for 5 minutes. Finally, it was washed again with clean water for 5 minutes at room temperature to complete the pretreatment.
Next, anodizing treatment was performed under the following conditions.
Treatment solution: Contains 180 g / L sulfuric acid and 5 g / L of dissolved aluminum at 20 ° C. Electrolysis conditions: DC, constant current, current density of 1 A / dm 2 for 20 minutes (final voltage is 14 V)
After completion of the anodizing treatment, it was washed with pure water for 5 minutes at room temperature. As a result, an anodized film having a thickness of 6 μm was obtained on the surface of the aluminum material. Thereafter, electrolytic coloring treatment was performed under the following conditions.
Treatment liquid: nickel sulfate 100 g / L, boric acid 30 g / L, pH 4.8, temperature 30 ° C.
First stage electrolysis conditions: asymmetrical alternating current (positive> negative), current density 0.2 A / dm 2 , energized for 25 seconds Second stage electrolytic conditions: asymmetrical alternating current (negative> positive), current density 0.15 A / dm 2 , 100 Energization for 2 seconds After completion of the second stage electrolysis, water was washed with pure water at room temperature for 5 minutes, and then contacted with pure water at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes to perform temporary sealing.
Next, pattern painting was performed. First, make sure that there is no moisture, oil, or powder on the base, and spray uniformly using a base material curing agent two-component reactive modified epoxy paint (manufactured by AGC Co-Tech) as a primer at room temperature. It was. When the primer layer was in a completely dry state, coating was performed using the following intermediate coating.
The composition of the intermediate coating used and the content of the entire coating are as follows.
Keisha (Brand name: Flatari Sand, manufactured by Nippon Steel Corporation) 65% by mass
Inorganic pigment (Brand name: Bayferrox, manufactured by Bayer) 1% by mass
Titanium dioxide (trade name: TCR-10, manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1.2% by mass
Fluorine-based emulsion binder resin (manufactured by AGC Co-Tech) 23% by mass
Other additives Antifoaming agent: Adecanate B190, manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., 0.5% by mass,
Thickener: UH420, manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., 1% by mass
Dispersant: Poise 530, manufactured by Kao Corporation, 0.5% by mass
7.8% by mass of water was added to these, mixed and stirred, and prepared so that the viscosity was 20000 CPS.
The coating was spray coating at room temperature, and was performed twice so that a coating film having a thickness of about 1 mm was formed.
After the intermediate coating surface was dried, clear coating was performed. In clear coating, spray coating was performed using a base material curing agent two-component reactive solvent fluororesin (manufactured by AGC Co-Tech).
As a result, the surface of the obtained aluminum material had irregularities, and a pattern having a transparent and three-dimensional ceramic (pottery) color tone was visually confirmed.

本発明で表面処理されたアルミニウム材は、その優れた品質・意匠などから、建築部材、土木部材、日用品、家電部品、車両、船舶など、多様な分野で使用することができる。特に、建築土木分野では、内外装材として、カーテンウォ−ル、サッシ、ドア製品や、内外壁材、ルーバー材、エクステリア商品(門扉、フェンス、バルコニー、手摺など)、景観製品(ポール、ベンチ、サイン、フェンス、手摺、ベンチなど)に利用することができる。   The aluminum material surface-treated in the present invention can be used in various fields such as building members, civil engineering members, daily necessities, home appliance parts, vehicles, and ships because of its excellent quality and design. Especially in the field of construction and civil engineering, curtain walls, sashes, door products, interior and exterior wall materials, louver materials, exterior products (gates, fences, balconies, handrails, etc.), landscape products (poles, benches, Signs, fences, handrails, benches, etc.)

Claims (2)

アルミニウム材の表面に陽極酸化処理により生成した皮膜に電解着色処理を行い、ついでエポキシ系樹脂塗料を用いてプライマー塗装を行った後、着色剤と、直径が0.1〜5mmの粒状の骨材ないしは直径が0.1〜1mm、長さが1〜5mmのペレット状の骨材、および結着剤としてフッ素系樹脂を含有する塗料組成物を用いて凹凸を有するテクスチャーパターンを形成する中塗り塗装を行い、さらに、前記中塗り塗装面にフッ素系樹脂塗料を用いてクリア塗装を施すことを特徴とする、建築物の内外壁材用のアルミニウム材の表面処理方法。 There rows electrolytically colored in formed film by anodic oxidation treatment on the surface of the aluminum material, then after Tsu line primer coated with an epoxy resin paint, a coloring agent, the diameter of granular 0.1~5mm A texture pattern having irregularities is formed by using a coating composition containing an aggregate or a pellet-shaped aggregate having a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm and a length of 1 to 5 mm, and a fluororesin as a binder. A surface treatment method for an aluminum material for an inner and outer wall material of a building , characterized in that an intermediate coating is performed, and further, a clear coating is applied to the intermediate coating surface using a fluorine resin coating. 前記請求項1に記載の表面処理方法で表面処理されてなる、建築物の内外壁材用のアルミニウム材。 An aluminum material for an inner and outer wall material of a building, which is surface-treated by the surface treatment method according to claim 1 .
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