JP5270739B2 - Seismic isolation structure for floor slabs - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exhibit a base isolation function independently of axial force in the vertical direction so as to be applicable to any building independently of whether it is a high rise building or a low rise building. <P>SOLUTION: In a base isolation structure for a floor slab 4, at least a foundation and a frame comprising a pillar 1 and a beam 2 constructed on the foundation in a building are turned into an earthquake resistant structure. A floor slab in the building is subjected to edge cutting from the earthquake resistant structure and is turned into a base isolation structure. A required clearance 5 is provided between the floor slab and the surrounding earthquake resistant structure in the horizontal direction. An elastic material 6 is provided in the clearance to maintain the edge cutting state. In the vertical direction, a slide material 3 is provided between a lower surface of the floor slab and an upper surface of the surrounding earthquake resistant structure to maintain the edge cutting state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure for a floor slab in which a framework structure portion is made an earthquake resistant structure and a floor slab portion is cut off from the earthquake resistant structure in a building constructed on a foundation structure.

  In Japan, an earthquake-resistant design law has been established and established for earthquakes, so it is essential to make buildings have an earthquake-resistant structure. However, the earthquake-resistant structure can not stop shaking when an earthquake occurs, so not only the intense shaking is transmitted to the human body, causing fear and discomfort, but also the furniture and various facilities installed in the room collapse and the residents There is a risk that the safety of will not be ensured. In particular, hospitals, police stations, fire departments and government offices are departments that need to save lives immediately after the earthquake and to know the situation of the disaster and give instructions for reconstruction, but the buildings did not collapse. In many cases, medical precision equipment, medicine storage shelves, computers storing a large amount of information, etc., collapse due to severe shaking and lose their function as a department. Therefore, it has been strongly required to add a seismic isolation structure to the seismic structure to reduce the shaking of the superstructure.

  By the way, generally speaking, a seismic isolation structure is a technique in which a building is constructed on a foundation structure via a seismic isolation device, and a plurality of techniques are known. As the first prior art according to the public knowledge, for example, a seismic isolation device is installed between the foundation structure and the upper structure cut off, and a PC steel material is provided over the foundation structure and the upper structure. One end of the base is a base-isolated structure fixed to the footing of the foundation structure (see Patent Document 1).

  According to this seismic isolation structure, since the foundation structure and the upper structure are connected by the PC steel material, it is possible to prevent the upper structure from being separated from the foundation structure due to a vertical load caused by the earthquake.

  In addition, as a second related art that is publicly known, a base structure of a base-isolated structure in which an upper structure is supported on a foundation via a laminated rubber, and a foundation beam is provided at the bottom of the upper structure. The foundation is formed only from an independent pile or an independent direct foundation, and the foundation beam between the piles or the direct foundation is omitted, and the pile head of the independent pile used as the foundation is omitted. This is a basic structure of a base-isolated structure that allows the rotation with respect to the ground without being restricted (see Patent Document 2).

  According to the foundation structure of this seismic isolation structure, the foundation in the base isolation structure is composed only of independent piles or independent direct foundations, and the foundation beam connecting them is omitted. It can be simplified and can greatly contribute to the reduction of construction cost and the construction period. In particular, when a pile is employed, by adopting a structure that allows rotation of the pile head relative to the ground, there is an advantage that the pile head moment is eliminated and the maximum moment generated in the pile is reduced.

JP 2001-172988 A JP-A-9-273162

  In the first and second prior arts, for example, a PC pillar or a PC beam such as an office building or a condominium is used or a reinforced concrete structure is used. The upper structure pillar and lower beam are installed on the equipment to build the upper structure. The seismic isolation device absorbs the vibration or shock during the earthquake and transmits the earthquake vibration or shock to the upper structure. I try not to.

  By the way, in order to make a seismic isolation structure using the seismic isolation device as described above, not only is the cost of the seismic isolation device itself high, but it takes time and labor to install at the construction site, In low-rise buildings with one-story and 2-3 stories, the vertical load as a building is small, so the normal vertical rubber force is insufficient in the normal use of laminated rubber seismic isolation devices. It has the problem of not working and cannot be applied to low-rise buildings.

  Therefore, in the prior art, the structure is simple and can be provided at low cost, and the installation work at the work site is facilitated, and the seismic isolation function is exhibited regardless of the vertical axial force. There is a problem to be solved in making it applicable to any building regardless of whether it is high or low.

In the present invention, as a specific means for solving the problems of the above-described conventional example, at least a foundation in a building and a frame composed of a column and a beam constructed on the foundation have an earthquake-resistant structure, and a floor slab in the building is The seismic structure is separated from the seismic structure to form a seismic isolation structure, and in the horizontal direction, a required gap is provided between the floor slab and the surrounding seismic structure, and an elastic material is disposed in the gap to form a bordered state. In the vertical direction, a sliding material is provided over the entire surface between the lower surface of the floor slab and the surrounding earthquake-resistant structure to maintain the edge cutting state, and the floor slab is slidably laid in the horizontal direction. Thus, a seismic isolation structure for a floor slab, characterized in that the vibration from the seismic structure is not directly transmitted to the floor slab.

In the present invention, the floor slab is unitized for each section range partitioned by the earthquake-resistant structure, and is laid slidably in the horizontal direction while maintaining the earthquake-resistant structure and the edge cutting state; It is included as an additional requirement that it is laid out slidably in the horizontal direction while maintaining the seismic structure and the edge cutting state in series.

According to the seismic isolation structure for floor slabs according to the present invention, in short, the foundation and the frame structure part consisting of columns and beams in the building are earthquake-resistant structures, and the floor slab part is edge-cut in the earthquake-resistant structure and in the vertical and horizontal directions. The floor slab is slidable horizontally between the lower surface of the floor slab and the upper surface of the surrounding earthquake-resistant structure so that the floor slab can be slid in the horizontal direction and the vibration from the earthquake-resistant structure is directly applied to the floor slab. by was seismic isolation structure not transmitted, at the time of earthquake is transmitted directly to resist earthquakes shaking transmitted from the ground but shakes seismic frame, floor slabs that are seismic structures and edge cutting in sliding material, the sliding member Slip due to existence, and the vibration from the seismic structure is not transmitted directly, so an excellent seismic isolation effect can be obtained.

  In addition, as a sliding material used for seismic isolation, the upper and lower sliding steel plates with Teflon (registered trademark) plates or steel balls arranged on the opposing surface are placed between the earthquake-resistant structure and the floor slab to be seismically isolated. Because it is simply installed, it can be constructed very easily and inexpensively, and it does not require the use of an exaggerated and expensive seismic isolation device that required a large vertical axial force to support the entire building used in the past. However, there is an effect that a building having an excellent seismic isolation function can be obtained.

1 is a floor slab seismic isolation structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view schematically showing a part of an intermediate layer in a ramen structure formed of columns and beams. It is the top view which showed the principal part of the seismic isolation structure which concerns on the same embodiment. It is the one part top view which showed roughly the laying state of the floor slab in the intermediate | middle hierarchy of the seismic isolation structure which concerns on the embodiment. It is a seismic isolation structure which concerns on the same embodiment, Comprising: It is an expanded sectional view which follows the AA line of FIG. It is a seismic isolation structure which concerns on the same embodiment, Comprising: It is an expanded sectional view which follows the BB line of FIG. It is a seismic isolation structure of the floor slab which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is the top view which showed schematically the foundation part of an example which consists of a footing foundation and a foundation beam. (A) is explanatory drawing which showed a part of situation which laid the floor slab of the base isolation structure of the 1st example in the foundation part which concerns on the embodiment, (B) is the base isolation of the 2nd example It is explanatory drawing which showed a part of condition which laid the floor slab of the structure. It is a seismic isolation structure of the floor slab which concerns on the same embodiment, Comprising: It is an expanded sectional view which follows the AA line of FIG. 7 (A). It is a seismic isolation structure of the floor slab which concerns on the embodiment, Comprising: It is an expanded sectional view which follows the BB line of FIG. 7 (A). It is a seismic isolation structure of the floor slab which concerns on the embodiment, Comprising: It is an expanded sectional view which follows the CC line of FIG. 7 (A). It is a seismic isolation structure of the floor slab which concerns on the embodiment, Comprising: It is an expanded sectional view which follows the DD line | wire of FIG. 7 (B). It is a side view which shows the 1st example of the sliding material used for the seismic isolation structure of the floor slab which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the attachment state of the sliding material of the 1st example. It is a side view which shows the 2nd example of the sliding material used for the seismic isolation structure of the floor slab which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the attachment state of the sliding material of the 2nd example.

The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment. First, FIGS. 1-5 shows the floor slab seismic isolation structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention, Comprising: The intermediate | middle which concerns on the earthquake resistant structure of the ramen structure formed from the pillar 1 and the beam 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , a floor slab 4 is laid on the entire upper surface of the beam 2 with a sliding material 3 interposed between the floor 2 and the floor slab 4. In this state, it is slid in the horizontal direction .

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the floor slab 4 is laid with a required gap 5 around each pillar 1, and a plurality of elastic members 6 such as steel springs are arranged in the gap 5. Thus, the laying position is secured, and it is arranged in a state in which it can move horizontally in the front-rear and left-right directions within the gap 5. In short, the floor slab 4 is laid in an edge-cut state with the pillar 1 even in the horizontal direction. That is, the seismic structure frame (frame structure) composed of the pillar 1 and the beam 2 of the building is a seismic isolation floor slab 4 laid in a state where the vertical and horizontal directions are cut off.

  Concretely explaining the laying of the floor slab 4, as shown in FIG. 3, the floor slab 4 lays a plurality of precast concrete floor slabs 4 a with ribs 7 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. And it is set as the synthetic floor slab in which the top concrete 4b is formed in the upper surface. The floor slab 4 is not limited to this, and is suitably selected from cast-in-place concrete, precast concrete, or synthetic floor slab.

  A plurality of reinforcing ribs 7 project in the length direction on the lower surface side of the precast concrete floor slab 4a shown as an embodiment, and connecting thick portions 8 are formed on both ends of the floor slab 4a. As shown in FIG. 4, the precast concrete floor slab 4a adjacent in the vertical direction is formed by the connecting member 9 such as PC steel inserted into the connecting thick portion 8, as shown in FIG. The connected thick parts 8 are placed on the beam 2 through the sliding material 3 or positioned in contact with each other.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, as for the adjacent arrangement in the horizontal direction, the end portions on both sides of the precast concrete floor slab 4a are butted and placed in an adjacent state, and the butted end portions are on the beam 2. It is made to mount, and the sliding material 3 is interposed in the mounting position, and it lays in the edge cutting state. By laying the precast concrete floor slab 4a in this way, the floor slab 4 as a composite floor slab is laid in a state where the pillar 1 and the beam 2 are substantially cut in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

  By constructing the floor slab 4 in this way, it is configured so that it can be reasonably positioned at a set position by the elastic material 6 provided in a normal state. Even if the column 1 and the beam 2 are swung due to the presence of the material 3 and slip in the range of the gap 5, the floor slab 4 does not swing much. Incidentally, the gap 5 may be set larger than the horizontal deformation amount due to the interlayer deformation angle at the time of the earthquake.

Next, the floor slab seismic isolation structure according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated to the part which is common in said 1st Embodiment.
First, FIG. 6 shows a part of the foundation structure 10 in a two- to three-story low-rise building including a one-story building. The foundation structure 10 that supports the building provided on the ground is a footing foundation 11. And a foundation beam 12 spanned between the footing foundations 11, and the footing foundation 11 and the foundation beam 12, and a column 1 and a beam (not shown) standing on the upper part thereof. The frame is formed as a seismic structure.

  The foundation beam 12 and the upper structure pillar 1 are constructed on the footing foundation 11 in the foundation structure 10. The foundation beam 12 and the pillar 1 other than the required area occupied on the footing foundation 11 are constructed. In relation to the floor slab 4 that is cut and laid on the portion, the sliding material 3 is set as the installation range, and the upper surface portion of the foundation beam 12 that is in contact with the floor slab 4 is also set as the installation range of the sliding material 3. The floor slab 4 is generally laid out in two ways: unitized for each section, or serialized for each level or floor.

  As a first example of the method, as shown in FIG. 7A, the floor slab 4 is laid in each section of the floor slab 4. One section in this case is, for example, a region or range surrounded by the foundation beam 12 spanned between the footing foundations 11 of the foundation structure 10 and the floor slab 4 laid in the one section. Is a unit made by attaching a small beam 13 in the form of a frame near the periphery of the lower surface, in which the small beam 13 is arranged at an appropriate interval so that the slab can fly a span at a predetermined thickness, Slab with beam. The unitized floor slab 4 is laid between the footing foundation 11 and the foundation beam 12 in a sectioned state in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction for each section.

  Further, as a second example of the method, as shown in FIG. 7 (B), the floor slab 4 is laid in a series by integrally connecting the entire floor surface or most of the floor except for the gap 5 around the pillar 1. The floor slab 4 is not divided for each section, but a frame-shaped beam 13 is attached to the lower surface side of the floor slab 4 so as to be close to the foundation beam 12 that defines each section. In addition, a plurality of small beams are attached to the frame as necessary, including the first example.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the floor slab 4 according to the first example of the above-described method is constructed such that the pillar 1 is erected on the footing foundation 11 at the outer peripheral portion of the upper building, and the beam is in a frame shape. The floor slab 4 to which 13 is attached is placed on the footing foundation 11 via the sliding material 3, and the elastic material 6 is disposed in the gap 5 between the foundation beam 12. And, the upper or lower position of the gap 5, that is, between the foundation beam 12 and the periphery of the column 1 and the floor slab 4, is a stretchable or variable member having substantially the same thickness as the floor slab 4, such as a plate-like rubber or resin. The cushioning material 14 formed in (1) is disposed so as to close the gap. The point of closing the gap between the foundation beam 12 and the column 1 and the floor slab 4 with the cushioning material 14 is the same as in the first embodiment.

  Further, in the adjacent section in the intermediate portion, as shown in FIG. 9, the frame-shaped beam 13 positioned on both ends of the floor slab 4 is placed on the footing foundation 11 at the positions where the footing foundation 11 and the pillar 1 are located. In addition, the elastic member 6 is interposed in the gap 5 between the frame-shaped beam 13 and the foundation beam 12 on both sides. A cushioning material 14 having a required thickness is arranged at the upper position of the gap 5 between the adjacent floor slabs 4 and around the pillars 1 so as to close the gap. To do.

  At an intermediate position without the footing foundation 11, the floor slab 4 to which the frame-like beam 13 is attached is provided with a gap 5 between the foundation beam 12 as shown in FIG. A cushioning material 14 having a required thickness is arranged at a position above the gap 5 formed between the floor slab 4 and the upper surface of the floor slab 4 so as to close the gap.

As shown in FIG. 11, the floor slab 4 according to the second example of the above-described method straddles an adjacent section through the sliding material 3 on the foundation beam 12 at an intermediate position where the footing foundation 11 is not provided. Thus, the floor slab 4 is disposed. In this case, the elastic material 6 is not interposed in the gap 5 between the foundation beam 12 and the small beam 13 of the floor slab 4.
From these explanations, the floor slab 4 and the foundation structure 10 are constructed in an edge-cut state, whereby the foundation structure 10 and the upper structure frame are constructed in an earthquake-resistant structure, and the sliding material 3 is interposed in the earthquake-resistant structure. The floor slab 4 supported in this way is seismically isolated.

  Two examples of the sliding material 3 used in the present invention are shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 shown as the first example, the sliding member 3 includes an upper sliding steel plate 17 and a lower sliding steel plate in which Teflon (registered trademark) plates 15 and 16 having a required thickness are disposed on opposite surfaces, respectively. 18, each steel plate is provided with a plurality of mounting screw holes 17a, 18a. The size of the vertically sliding steel plates 17 and 18 in this case is the same as the width of the foundation beam 12 or the footing foundation 11 or a rectangular (rectangular) shape or a rectangular shape having a slightly narrower width. As shown in FIG. 13, the lower sliding steel plate 18 is attached to the upper surface of the foundation beam 12 or the footing foundation 11 (see FIG. 9), and the floor slab 4 or the small beam 13 is opposed to the lower sliding steel plate 18. The upper sliding steel plate 17 is attached to the lower surface of (see FIG. 9).

  The sliding material 3 of the second example shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 includes an upper sliding steel plate 21 and a lower sliding steel plate 22 provided with concave portions 19 and 20 having required depths on the opposing surfaces, respectively, and the inner portions of the concave portions 19 and 20. A plurality of steel balls 23 housed in a freely rollable manner, and each steel plate is provided with a plurality of mounting screw holes 21a, 22a. In this case, the size and shape of the upper and lower sliding steel plates 21 and 22 are substantially the same as those shown and described as the first example. For example, the shape may be circular or attached. Is substantially the same as the first example. In addition, about the width | variety and length of the sliding material 3, since it changes with usage modes, it is not limited to the example of illustration.

In addition, although the steel spring was mentioned as the elastic material 6 used by this invention, it is not limited to this, For example, rubber | gum etc. can be used and rubber | gum, resin, etc. were mentioned as the buffer material 14 which plugs up a clearance gap. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, a steel plate formed in a slidable state may be used.
In addition, it is more effective to reduce the shaking of the building during an earthquake and stop the shaking quickly by installing not only the elastic material but also the damper in the gap between the floor slab and the surrounding earthquake-resistant structure. It is.

  In the floor slab seismic isolation structure according to the present invention configured as described above, the frame part composed of the foundation and the pillar and the beam in the building is an earthquake resistant structure, and the floor slab part is separated from the earthquake resistant structure through a sliding material. Due to the seismic isolation structure that is slidable in the horizontal direction, the vibration transmitted from the ground is transmitted as it is to the earthquake-resistant structure and the earthquake-resistant frame shakes, but the floor slab that is cut off from the earthquake-resistant structure has slip material Slips and the vibration from the seismic structure is not directly transmitted, so an excellent seismic isolation effect can be obtained.

  As the sliding material used for seismic isolation, the upper and lower sliding steel plates with Teflon (registered trademark) plates or steel balls arranged on the opposite surface are installed between the seismic structure and the floor slab for seismic isolation. Because it is only installed, it is extremely simple structurally and can be constructed at low cost, so it is an excellent base isolation structure without using an exaggerated and expensive base isolation device that supports the entire building that was previously used. Is obtained.

  The floor slab seismic isolation structure in any of the embodiments according to the present invention is, in short, the foundation in the building and the frame structure part composed of columns and beams are earthquake-resistant structures, and the floor slab part is the earthquake-resistant structure and the vertical and horizontal directions. The seismic isolation structure that can be slid in the horizontal direction through the sliding material at the top is not only extremely structurally simple and inexpensive, but also requires a large vertical axial force. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a building having an excellent seismic isolation function without using an expensive seismic isolation device, so that it can be widely used as a seismic isolation structure in a low-rise building of five stories or less including a one-story building.

1 Column 2 Beam 3 Sliding Material 4 Floor Slab 4a Precast Concrete Floor Slab 4b Top Concrete
5 Gap 6 Elastic material 7 Rib-shaped convex part 8 Thick part 9 Connecting member 10 Foundation structure 11 Footing foundation 12 Foundation beam 13 Small beam 14 Buffering material 15, 16 Futeron plate 17, 21 Upper sliding steel plate 18, 22 Lower sliding steel plate 17a , 18a, 21a, 22a Screw hole 19, 20 Recess 23 Steel ball

Claims (3)

A frame composed of at least a foundation in a building and columns and beams constructed on the foundation is an earthquake-resistant structure, and a floor slab in the building is separated from the earthquake-resistant structure to be a seismic isolation structure,
In the horizontal direction, a required gap is provided between the floor slab and the surrounding earthquake-resistant structure, and an elastic material is disposed in the gap to maintain the edge cutting state.
In the vertical direction, throughout between the upper surface of the seismic structure of the lower surface and the surrounding floor slab maintains the edge cutting state by providing a sliding member, said seismic structure laying slidably the floor slab in a horizontal direction The seismic isolation structure for floor slabs is characterized in that the vibration from the floor is not transmitted directly to the floor slab. The floor slab is
2. The seismic isolation structure for a floor slab according to claim 1, wherein the seismic structure is divided into units for each section area and is slidable in the horizontal direction while maintaining the seismic structure and the edge cutting state. The floor slab is
The seismic isolation structure for a floor slab according to claim 1, wherein the floor slab is slidable in a horizontal direction while being segregated for each floor and maintaining the seismic structure and the edge cutting state.

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