JP5267898B1 - Method and apparatus for reforming fossil fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A fossil fuel that produces 1.2 to 2 times the amount of reformed oil whose calorific value is not inferior to that of the raw material oil by magnetically activating the raw material oil (fossil fuel) and water and causing a photocatalytic reaction. A reforming method and a reforming apparatus are provided.
A raw material water activated by deaeration, heating and magnetic treatment and a raw oil activated by heating and magnetic treatment are led to a photocatalytic reactor, and a hydrolysis reaction, hydrogenation reaction and It is possible to produce a light oil whose calorific value does not change by performing a chemical reaction such as a hydration reaction. Further, the unreacted material is again circulated through the magnetic processing device to the photocatalytic reaction device, and the reforming reaction proceeds to obtain a yield of 1.2 to 2 times the amount of the raw material oil.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

The present invention mixes fossil fuel (raw material oil) as a raw material and water, reforms the raw material oil by degassing, heating, magnetic treatment and photocatalytic reaction, and has a calorific value comparable to that of the raw material oil. The present invention relates to a fossil fuel reforming method and reforming apparatus for obtaining the same.

Energy problems affect mankind in various ways. Since the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, the dependence of nuclear power on nuclear power has been restrained, and as an alternative, the development of renewable energy has been called for, and its rapid implementation has been screamed. However, the amount of power supplied has not covered nuclear power generation for the time being, and thermal power generation is taking over in the meantime.

Coal, natural gas, fossil fuel, etc. are used as the fuel source for thermal power generation, but the use ratio of fossil fuel is high, so technology to reduce the cost of using fossil fuel from all aspects has been developed, It is being put into practical use.

One of them is an oil-water emulsion fuel in which water is dispersed in oil, and some of them are put into practical use. Furthermore, in recent years, a method has been proposed in which water and oil to which an enzyme is added are mixed and the oil is hydrolyzed with a special apparatus to obtain a hydrolyzed fuel (see Patent Document 1).
This method provides a stable fuel oil with good combustion efficiency in which water functions as a fuel.

Thereafter, a method has been proposed in which an enzyme species different from the above patent is added to water and oil, and the mixed solution is further contacted with natural ore excited by microwaves or ultrasonic waves (see Patent Document 2). This method is said to provide a transparent hydrofuel with a high calorific value.

Japanese Patent No. 4397432 Japanese Patent No. 4682287

Both of the above-mentioned prior arts use an enzyme as a reaction catalyst. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a process for removing the enzyme residue, and it is necessary to dispose of the removed enzyme residue. Furthermore, since the enzyme is expensive, there is a problem in manufacturing cost.
The present invention solves the cost problem of the prior art by chemically reacting fossil fuel (raw oil) with water using a photocatalyst instead of an enzyme, thereby changing the cost problem of the prior art. An object of the present invention is to obtain a modified oil exhibiting a large amount of heat generation. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a modified oil that has a reduced viscosity of a high viscosity heavy oil that has been modified to significantly improve combustibility and combustion efficiency. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fossil fuel reforming method and reforming apparatus in which the yield of reformed oil is 1.2 to 2.0 times that of the raw material oil by reforming by chemical reaction.

In the fossil fuel reforming method of the present invention, the raw water is degassed to reduce the existing oxygen to 1 ppm or less, and then heated to 30 to 80 ° C., and the surface magnetic flux density is 1000 to 40000 Gauss. A process of obtaining activated water and heating the raw material oil of fossil fuel to 40 to 80 ° C., and then performing a magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss to obtain the activated oil, and the activated water and the activated oil A step of performing a modification treatment with the photocatalyst by irradiating the mixed solution with apatite-coated titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst, irradiating ultraviolet rays with an irradiation dose of 10 to 300 mW · sec / cm ² ,
The unreacted liquid of the photocatalytic reaction is returned to the step of performing the reforming treatment, and has a circulation step that is used again for the photocatalytic reaction.

This method is, for example, a method of obtaining a modified oil 1.2 to 2.0 times the raw material oil from 50 to 85 parts by weight of the raw material oil and 15 to 50 parts by weight of the raw material water.

The fossil fuel reformer of the present invention is
A degassing apparatus for reducing the oxygen content in the raw material water to 1 ppm or less, a temperature adjusting device for heating the raw water to a temperature of 30 to 80 ° C., and a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss To the raw material water magnetic processing device to obtain the active water, the fossil fuel raw material oil is heated to 40 to 80 ° C. in the raw material tank, and the viscosity is adjusted. The raw oil magnetic processing device for obtaining an active oil by applying a magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss, and the active water and the active oil are mixed, and apatite-coated titanium dioxide is mixed with the mixed oil. A first photocatalyst reactor that performs photo-catalytic reforming treatment by irradiating ultraviolet rays with an irradiation dose of 10 to 300 mW · sec / cm ^{2 as} a photocatalyst, and a mixed oil treated in the first photocatalytic reactor And a second photocatalytic reaction device that uses apatite-coated titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst, irradiates ultraviolet rays with an irradiation dose of 10 to 300 mW · sec / cm ² , and performs a reforming process by a photocatalytic reaction, and the second photocatalytic reaction device. The recycle reaction tank supplied with the treated mixed oil and the unreacted liquid in the recycle reaction tank are taken out, and the reaction liquid is subjected to magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss to be activated. A reaction liquid magnetic processing apparatus, a circulation path for returning the unreacted liquid activated by the unreacted liquid magnetic processing apparatus to the second photocatalytic reaction apparatus, and processing again in the second photocatalytic reaction apparatus, And a reforming oil tank to which the reformed oil after the reaction in the circulating reaction tank is supplied.

In this case, for example, the first and second photocatalytic reactors are flowing water type ultraviolet sterilizers in which a photocatalyst paint containing apatite-coated titanium dioxide is applied to the surface of the liquid contact part of the quartz tube.

In the present invention, due to the magnetic treatment, the water molecules of the raw material water are negatively polarized and the Brownian motion is activated and activated. Similarly, the raw oil is also activated and activated, and both are mixed. When the photocatalytic reaction is caused to the mixed oil, the carbon chain of the paraffinic hydrocarbon is hydrolyzed to change into a low-molecular hydrocarbon and alcohol. Thereby, the viscosity of mixed oil falls. On the other hand, the double bonds of unsaturated hydrocarbons increase the weight and do not decrease the calorific value by hydrogen or raw water bonding to the double bonds by hydrogenation reaction or hydration reaction. Thus, a transparent reformed fuel having a calorific value not inferior to that can be obtained. In addition, the unreacted water in the photocatalytic reaction becomes an oil-in-water emulsion and settles and separates at the bottom of the circulation tank. After the unreacted liquid containing the unreacted water is magnetically treated again and activated, By circulating to the photocatalytic reactor 2 and reforming, the yield of the reformed oil can be increased, and a reformed fuel in an amount 1.2 to 2.0 times that of the feed oil can be obtained.

It is a block diagram of the fossil fuel reformer of the present invention. It is an example of the fossil fuel reformer used for this invention. It is an example of the magnetic processing apparatus used for this invention. It is an example of the stirring blade for circulation tanks used for this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the fossil fuel reforming apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

This fossil fuel reformer includes a raw water tank 1, a raw oil tank 5, a circulation reaction tank 9, and a reformed oil tank 11 as a tank group.

The raw water tank 1 stores water to be mixed with the raw oil, and the raw oil tank 5 stores the raw fossil fuel. The circulation reaction tank separates the reformed oil from the unreacted substances and is not reacted. The product is circulated again to the photocatalytic reaction device and prepared for advancing the chemical reaction, and the reformed oil tank 11 stores the reformed oil (product).

The raw material water activation process 100 of this apparatus includes a deaeration treatment device 2, a temperature adjustment device 3, and a raw material water magnetic treatment device 4.

The degassing apparatus 2 is for degassing dissolved oxygen in the raw material water, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is related to the affinity between water and oil, and the concentration is 0.10 ppm. desirable. As the degassing apparatus, a degassing apparatus using a reverse osmosis membrane module is used. The temperature adjusting device 3 is provided with a coiled electric heater attached to the transfer pipe and heated from the outside, and the temperature of the raw material water is adjusted and maintained at 40 ° C. to 80 ° C. with a temperature controller. The control temperature of the raw water is preferably 60 ° C.

As shown in FIG. 3, the raw water magnetic processing apparatus 4 has a square neodymium magnet attached to a pipe and a cover, and has a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 30000 gauss. The surface magnetic flux density is preferably 16000 gauss.

The raw material oil activation process 200 of this apparatus includes a raw material oil tank 5 and a raw material oil magnetic processing device 6.

The raw material oil tank 5 is equipped with a stirrer and a heating device, and is equipped with a temperature control device so as to maintain the temperature of the raw material oil in the tank at a predetermined temperature while stirring so that the temperature of the stored oil becomes constant by the stirrer. is there. The temperature of the feedstock is maintained at 40-80 ° C, preferably 60 ° C. The raw material oil magnetic processing device 6 is for activating molecular motion by magnetism to disperse and activate microaggregates.

The photocatalytic reaction process 300 of this apparatus includes a No. 1 photocatalytic reaction device 6, a No. 2 photocatalytic reaction device 7, and a circulation reaction tank 9.

The raw water activated in the previous step and the raw oil are passed through two photocatalytic reactors (6, 7) arranged in series, and the photocatalytic reaction is carried out. Store.

The two photocatalytic reactors are of the same type and are modified from a flowing water type ultraviolet sterilizer. A photocatalyst coating material is applied to the quartz tube wetted part of a flowing water type ultraviolet sterilizer and used as a photocatalytic reaction device.

Photocatalytic coating may be of a commercially available, ultraviolet irradiation dose is a 10~300mW · sec / cm ^2, preferably 100mW · sec / cm ^2.

The circulation reaction tank 9 has a function as an intermediate storage tank for the reaction liquid received from the previous process and a function for promoting sedimentation and separation of the unreacted liquid while stirring the tank at a low speed. The rotational speed of the stirrer is 6 to 12 rpm, but preferably 6 rpm. The stirring blade is shaped as shown in FIG. 4 and has a structure that prevents the formation of an oil-in-water emulsion.

The circulation reaction process 400 includes an unreacted liquid magnetic processing apparatus 10, a No. 2 photocatalytic reaction apparatus 7 (also used), and a circulation reaction tank 9 (also used).

In order to increase the yield of reformed oil, the reaction solution is circulated and passed through the circulation reaction tank → unreacted liquid magnetic treatment device → No. 2 photocatalytic reaction device → circulation reaction tank to advance the photocatalytic reaction. Yes. Each device has the same specifications as the device.

100 liters of tap water with a water temperature of 20 ° C is degassed to 0.1 ppm by a degassing device at a flow rate of 10 liters per minute, heated to 60 ° C by a temperature adjusting device, and surfaced by a raw water magnetic processing device. On the other hand, 100 liters of A heavy oil (manufactured by Showa Shell Sekiyu Co., Ltd.) preheated to 60 ° C. in the raw material oil tank at a flow rate of 10 liters per minute with a magnetic treatment device. Active oil treated with magnetism having a magnetic flux density of 16000 gauss was mixed and subjected to photocatalytic reaction through No. 1 photocatalytic reaction device and No. 2 photocatalytic reaction device, and the reaction solution flowing out was intermediately stored in a circulation reaction tank.

From 5 minutes after the start of the flow to each activation step, the unreacted liquid is guided from the circulation reaction tank to the unreacted liquid magnetic processing apparatus at a flow rate of 20 liters per minute, subjected to magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 16000 gauss, .2 The circulation reaction step of carrying out photocatalytic reaction through the photocatalytic reaction device and returning it to the circulation reaction tank was circulated for 50 minutes and completed.
The calculated ultraviolet irradiation dose was 80 mW · sec / cm ² .

After the completion of the circulation reaction, the reaction solution was allowed to stand in the circulation reaction tank and the amount of the liquid was measured after 4 hours. As a result, the reformed oil layer was 140 liters and a 60 liter unreacted layer remained.

The yield of the reformed oil is 140 liters of the reformed oil with respect to 100 liters of the feedstock oil, and the yield of the reformed oil (= (reformed oil / feedstock oil) × 100) is 140%.
The reformed oil was transparent and light brown with no viscosity, and the total calorific value was 45260 J / g.

100 liters of tap water with a water temperature of 20 ° C is degassed to 0.1 ppm by a degassing device at a flow rate of 10 liters per minute, heated to 60 ° C by a temperature adjusting device, and surfaced by a raw water magnetic processing device. On the other hand, 100 liters of C heavy oil (manufactured by Showa Shell Sekiyu Co., Ltd.) preheated to 60 ° C. in a raw material oil tank at a flow rate of 10 liters / minute is surfaced by a magnetic treatment device. A magnetically treated activated oil having a magnetic flux density of 4000 gauss was mixed and subjected to a photocatalytic reaction through a No. 1 photocatalytic reactor and a No. 2 photocatalytic reactor, and the flowing out reaction liquid was intermediately stored in a circulation reaction tank. (The feed of raw water and raw oil was finished after 10 minutes.)
Circulation of the unreacted liquid was started 5 minutes after the start of the feed of raw material water and feedstock oil, and the circulation reaction step was circulated for 120 minutes at a flow rate of 20 liters per minute and completed.
The calculated ultraviolet irradiation dose was 80 mW · sec / cm ² .

After the completion of the circulation reaction, the reaction solution was left in the circulation reaction tank, and the amount of the liquid was measured after 4 hours. The reformed oil layer was 185 liters, and the light brown unreacted layer (oil-in-water emulsion) was 15 liters. Met.

The yield of the reformed oil was 185 liters of the reformed oil with respect to 100 liters of the feedstock oil, and the yield of the reformed oil (= (modified oil / feedstock oil) × 100) was 185%.
The modified oil was dark brown with no viscosity, and the total calorific value was 42500 J / g.

In addition, the same test apparatus was used for both Example 1 and Example 2, and the main apparatuses are as follows.
Degassing treatment device Degassing membrane module MHF1704 manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.
Vacuum pump: G-25SA manufactured by ULVAC Kiko Co., Ltd.
Temperature control device Heating unit made by Hachiko Heater Co., Ltd. Each magnetic processing device Homemade device
Raw oil tank Stirring blade: Made by Sakai Seisakusho
Heating unit: SFW5060 manufactured by Eight Photoelectric Heater
Circulating reaction tank Stirring blade: As shown in Fig. 4
No.1 and No.2 photocatalytic reactors
A modified version of UV20W, a flowing water type UV sterilizer manufactured by Environmental Technos
Details of modification: Apatite-coated titanium dioxide photocatalyst paint was applied once to the wetted surface of the quartz tube with a brush.

The present invention can increase the amount of fuel oil by chemically reacting various fossil fuels and water, and can improve the combustion efficiency due to the decrease in viscosity, so that the energy saving effect is great. This method is suitable for hydrocarbons having 10 or more carbon atoms, and the effect of the present invention increases as the fossil fuel has a higher carbon number (kerosene≈light oil <A heavy oil <C heavy oil).

The present invention not only achieves significant energy savings but also greatly contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gases accompanying fossil fuel combustion.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Raw material water activation process 200 Raw material oil activation process 300 Photocatalytic reaction process 400 Unreacted liquid reaction process 1 Raw material water tank 2 Deaeration processing device 3 Temperature control device 4 Raw material water magnetic processing device 5 Raw material oil tank 6 Raw material oil magnetic processing Device 7 No. 1 photocatalytic reaction device 8 No. 2 photocatalytic reaction device 9 Circulating reaction tank 10 Unreacted liquid magnetic treatment device 11 Reformed oil tank

Claims (4)

Degassing the raw water to reduce dissolved oxygen to 1 ppm or less, heating to 30-80 ° C., and applying magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 1000-40000 gauss to obtain active water;
After heating the raw material oil of fossil fuel to 40 to 80 ° C., the step of applying magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss to obtain the active oil, the active water and the active oil are mixed, and this mixed liquid On the other hand, using apatite-coated titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst, irradiating ultraviolet rays with an irradiation dose of 10 to 300 mW · sec / cm2, and performing a modification treatment with the photocatalyst;
A fossil fuel reforming method characterized by having a circulation step of returning the unreacted liquid of the photocatalytic reaction to the step of performing the reforming treatment and subjecting it to the photocatalytic reaction again The reformed oil 1.2 to 2.0 times the raw material oil is obtained from 50 to 85 parts by weight of the raw material oil and 15 to 50 parts by weight of the raw material water. Fossil fuel reforming method A degassing treatment device for reducing the existing oxygen in the raw material water to 1 ppm or less;
A temperature adjusting device for heating the raw water to a temperature of 30 to 80 ° C .;
A raw material water magnetic treatment device for obtaining active water by subjecting the raw water to a magnetic treatment having a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss,
A heating device that adjusts viscosity by heating a raw material oil of fossil fuel to 40 to 80 ° C. in a raw material tank;
The raw oil is subjected to magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss,
A raw material magnetic processing unit for obtaining an active oil;
The active water and the active oil are mixed, the apatite-coated titanium dioxide is used as a photocatalyst, and an ultraviolet ray with an irradiation dose of 10 to 300 mW · sec / cm 2 is applied to the mixed oil to perform a modification process by a photocatalytic reaction. A first photocatalytic reactor;
Second, the mixed oil treated in the first photocatalytic reactor is subjected to a reforming process by photocatalytic reaction by using apatite-coated titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst and irradiating ultraviolet rays with an irradiation dose of 10 to 300 mW · sec / cm 2. A photocatalytic reaction device,
A circulating reaction tank to which the mixed oil treated in the second photocatalytic reaction device is supplied;
An unreacted liquid magnetic processing device that takes out the unreacted liquid in the circulation reaction tank and activates the unreacted liquid by subjecting the unreacted liquid to magnetic treatment with a surface magnetic flux density of 1000 to 40000 gauss;
A circulation path for returning the unreacted liquid activated in the unreacted liquid magnetic processing apparatus to the second photocatalytic reaction apparatus and processing again in the second photocatalytic reaction apparatus;
A reformed oil tank to which the reformed oil after reaction in the circulating reaction tank is supplied;
A fossil fuel reformer characterized by having The said 1st and 2nd photocatalyst reaction apparatus is a flowing-water type ultraviolet sterilizer which apply | coated the photocatalyst coating material containing apatite coating titanium dioxide to the liquid-contact part surface of a quartz tube. Fossil fuel reformer