JP5267167B2 - Suspension device - Google Patents

Suspension device Download PDF

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JP5267167B2
JP5267167B2 JP2009020524A JP2009020524A JP5267167B2 JP 5267167 B2 JP5267167 B2 JP 5267167B2 JP 2009020524 A JP2009020524 A JP 2009020524A JP 2009020524 A JP2009020524 A JP 2009020524A JP 5267167 B2 JP5267167 B2 JP 5267167B2
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vehicle
axle
side support
link member
support point
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JP2010173576A (en
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雄介 影山
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suggest a suspension device with high rigidity capable of stabilizing grounding performance. <P>SOLUTION: This suspension device includes a plurality of links includes at least a first link member 3 for connecting a vehicle side support 2 and an axle carrier 1 on an upper side of an axle, a second link member 4 for connecting the vehicle side support 2 and the axle carrier 1 on the upper side of the axle, and an arm member 5 for connecting two points of the vehicle side support part 2 and the axle carrier 1 on a lower side of the axle. The first link member 3 has vehicle side support point 3a and axle carrier side support point 3b on a vehicle front side of the axle in the top view of the vehicle. The second link member 4 has an axle side support point 4b on the vehicle front side of the vehicle side support point 2 in the top view of the vehicle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、車両の後輪用として好適なサスペンション装置に関するものであり、とくに車輪の接地性の改善を図ろうとするものである。   The present invention relates to a suspension device suitable for a rear wheel of a vehicle, and particularly aims to improve the grounding property of a wheel.

車輪を懸架するサスペンションは、いかなる走行シーンにおいても安定した接地姿勢を維持することが求められており、その接地性能の改善を図った先行技術としては、車輪の回転中心を基準点にしてその下側にＡ型アームと棒状のアーム（アッパーＩアーム）を配置してアクスルと車両とを連結し、該基準点の上側に棒状のアーム（Ｉアーム）を配置してアクスルと車両とを相互に連結したサスペンションが知られている（例えば、特許文献参照）。   The suspension that suspends the wheel is required to maintain a stable grounding posture in any driving scene, and as a prior art for improving the grounding performance, the wheel center of rotation is used as a reference point. An A-type arm and a rod-shaped arm (upper I-arm) are arranged on the side to connect the axle and the vehicle, and a rod-shaped arm (I-arm) is arranged above the reference point to mutually connect the axle and the vehicle. Linked suspensions are known (see, for example, patent literature).

特開平６−３４４７３７号公報JP-A-6-344737

ところで、上記従来のサスペンションは、Ａ型アームの剛性中心線とＩアームの軸心に沿う線との交点（仮想キングピン）と、アッパーＩアームとアクスルとの連結点（実際のキングピン）とを結んだ線上にサスペンションのキングピン軸（仮想キングピン軸）が形成されることになるが、車両のバウンド、リバウンドによりサスペンションがストロークする際に、アッパーＩアームのアクスルにおける連結点が車両正面視において車両の幅方向に変位するため、これに伴って該仮想キングピン軸の傾きも変位し、車輪の接地姿勢がキャンバー方向に変化することとなり、サスペンションに起因した車輪の接地性に関しては未だ改善の余地が残されていた。   By the way, the above-described conventional suspension connects the intersection (virtual kingpin) between the rigid center line of the A-type arm and the line along the axis of the I-arm and the connection point (actual kingpin) between the upper I-arm and the axle. The suspension kingpin axis (virtual kingpin axis) is formed on the slanted line, but when the suspension strokes due to vehicle bouncing or rebounding, the connecting point at the axle of the upper I arm is the vehicle width in front view of the vehicle. As a result, the inclination of the virtual kingpin shaft is displaced accordingly, and the ground contact posture of the wheel changes in the camber direction, and there is still room for improvement in terms of the ground contact performance of the wheel caused by the suspension. It was.

本発明の課題は、いかなる走行シーンにおいても車輪の安定した接地性を確保することができるサスペンション装置を提案するところにある。   An object of the present invention is to propose a suspension device that can ensure a stable ground contact property of a wheel in any traveling scene.

本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するためになされたものであり、アーム部材のアクスル側支持点を、車両上面視において、第一リンク部材及び第二リンク部材のアクスル側支持点よりも車両幅方向の外側に設け、該アーム部材の車両側支持点を、車両側面視において車両前方におき、該車両側支持点のうちの車両前方における支持点を、車両上面視において車両前後方向前方、かつ、車両側面視において車両後側の支持点よりも車両上方に設けるところに特徴を有する。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and the axle-side support point of the arm member is more vehicle-friendly than the axle-side support point of the first link member and the second link member in the vehicle top view. Provided on the outer side in the width direction, the vehicle side support point of the arm member is placed in front of the vehicle in a side view of the vehicle, and the support point in front of the vehicle of the vehicle side support points is forward in the vehicle front-rear direction in the vehicle top view; And it has the characteristics in the place provided in the vehicle upper side rather than the support point of the vehicle rear side in the vehicle side view.

第一リンク部材と第二リンク部材との組み合わせによりアクスル連結点側よりも車両幅方向外側にピボット点（仮想ピボット点）を形成すると、アーム部材のアクスル側連結点と該ピボット点との間にキングピンが形成され、車両のバウンド、リバウンド時におけるキングピンの傾きの変化が小さくなり（キャンバー角度変化が小さくなる）、車輪の接地性が改善される。   When a pivot point (virtual pivot point) is formed on the outer side in the vehicle width direction from the axle connection point side by the combination of the first link member and the second link member, between the axle side connection point of the arm member and the pivot point A king pin is formed, and the change in the inclination of the king pin when the vehicle bounces or rebounds is reduced (camber change in camber angle is reduced), and the grounding property of the wheel is improved.

本発明にしたがうサスペンション装置の実施の形態（実施例）を模式的に示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed typically the embodiment (Example) of the suspension apparatus according to this invention. 図１に示したサスペンション装置の上面視図である。FIG. 2 is a top view of the suspension device shown in FIG. 1. 図１に示したサスペンション装置の前面視図である。It is a front view of the suspension apparatus shown in FIG. 図１に示したサスペンション装置の後面視図である。FIG. 2 is a rear view of the suspension device shown in FIG. 1. 図１に示したサスペンション装置の側面視図である。FIG. 2 is a side view of the suspension device shown in FIG. 1. トー角の変化状況を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the change condition of a toe angle.

以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施の形態（実施例）をより具体的に説明する。
図１は本発明にしたがうサスペンション装置の外観斜視図であり、図２は図１に示したサスペンション装置の右側のみについて示した上面視図、図３は図２に示したサスペンション装置の前面視図、図４は図２に示したサスペンション装置の後面視図、さらに図５は図２に示したサスペンション装置の側面視図である。ここに、車両の前後方向をＸ、車両の幅方向をＹで表示する。 Hereinafter, embodiments (examples) of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.
1 is an external perspective view of a suspension device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a top view showing only the right side of the suspension device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the suspension device shown in FIG. 4 is a rear view of the suspension apparatus shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the suspension apparatus shown in FIG. Here, the front-rear direction of the vehicle is indicated by X, and the width direction of the vehicle is indicated by Y.

図における１は車輪（仮想線で表示）を回転自在に支持する車軸を備えたアクスルキャアである（以下、アクスルキャリア１をアクスル１として表示する）。このアクスル１と車両側支持部２との間には以下に説明するようにそれらを相互に連結するための複数のリンクが配置されている。   In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an axle carrier having an axle that rotatably supports a wheel (indicated by a virtual line) (hereinafter, the axle carrier 1 is indicated as an axle 1). A plurality of links are arranged between the axle 1 and the vehicle-side support 2 to connect them to each other as will be described below.

３は車両側支持部２とアクスル１とを連結する第一リンク部材（Ｉアーム部材）である。この第一リンク部材３は図５に示すように車軸１ａより上側に配置されており、なおかつ図２に示す如く、車軸１ａよりも車両前方に車両側支持点３ａ及びアクスル側支持点３ｂを有している。   Reference numeral 3 denotes a first link member (I arm member) that connects the vehicle side support portion 2 and the axle 1. The first link member 3 is disposed above the axle 1a as shown in FIG. 5, and has a vehicle side support point 3a and an axle side support point 3b ahead of the axle 1a as shown in FIG. doing.

４は車両側支持部２とアクスル１とを連結する第二リンク部材（Ｉアーム部材）である。この第二リンク部材４は図５に示すように車軸１ａよりも上側に配置されており、図２に示す如く車両側支持点４ａよりも車両前方にアクスル支持点４ｂを有している。   Reference numeral 4 denotes a second link member (I arm member) that connects the vehicle side support portion 2 and the axle 1. The second link member 4 is disposed above the axle 1a as shown in FIG. 5, and has an axle support point 4b in front of the vehicle side support point 4a as shown in FIG.

また、第二リンク部材４のアクスル側支持点４ｂは上記に加え車軸１ａよりも車両前方に位置し、車両側支持点４ａが車軸１ａよりも車両前後方向の後方に位置している。   Further, in addition to the above, the axle side support point 4b of the second link member 4 is located in front of the vehicle with respect to the axle 1a, and the vehicle side support point 4a is located behind in the vehicle longitudinal direction with respect to the axle 1a.

５は車両側支持部２とアクスル１とを連結するＡアーム部材（アーム部材）である。このＡアーム部材５は図５に示すように車軸１ａよりも下側に配置されており、車両側支持点５ａ、５ｂとアクスル側支持点５ｃは図２に示す如く車軸１ａよりも車両前方に位置している。   Reference numeral 5 denotes an A arm member (arm member) that connects the vehicle side support portion 2 and the axle 1. The A-arm member 5 is disposed below the axle 1a as shown in FIG. 5, and the vehicle-side support points 5a and 5b and the axle-side support point 5c are located in front of the axle 1a as shown in FIG. positioned.

Ａアーム部材５のアクスル側支持点５ｃについては、第一リンク部材３のアクスル側支持点３ｂ及び第二リンク部材４のアクスル側支持点４ｂより車両幅方向外側に位置し、車両側支持点５ａ、５ｂが、車軸１ａよりも車両前方に位置し、該車両側支持点５ａ、５ｂのうちの車両前側における支持点５ａが、車両前後方向前方（図２参照）、かつ、車両後方の支持点５ｂよりも車軸１ａの上方に位置している（図５参照）。   The axle side support point 5c of the A arm member 5 is located on the outer side in the vehicle width direction from the axle side support point 3b of the first link member 3 and the axle side support point 4b of the second link member 4, and the vehicle side support point 5a. 5b is positioned in front of the vehicle relative to the axle 1a, and the support point 5a on the vehicle front side of the vehicle side support points 5a and 5b is front in the vehicle front-rear direction (see FIG. 2), and is a support point at the rear of the vehicle. It is located above the axle 1a rather than 5b (see FIG. 5).

また、６は車両側支持部２とアクスル１とを連結する第三リンク部材である。この第三リンク部材６は図４に示すように車軸１ａよりも下側に配置されている。第三リンク部材６の車両側支持点６ａは、第一リンク部材３、第二リンク部材４、Ａアーム部材５の車両側支持点３、４ａ、５ａ、５ｂよりも車両幅方向の内側に位置しており（図２参照）、アクスル側支持点６ｂは、車軸１ａよりも下側でかつＡアーム部材５のアクスル側支持点５ｃよも車両上方に位置している（図３、図４参照）。   Reference numeral 6 denotes a third link member that connects the vehicle side support portion 2 and the axle 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the third link member 6 is disposed below the axle 1a. The vehicle-side support point 6a of the third link member 6 is located on the inner side in the vehicle width direction than the vehicle-side support points 3, 4a, 5a, and 5b of the first link member 3, the second link member 4, and the A arm member 5. The axle side support point 6b is located below the axle 1a and above the axle side support point 5c of the A arm member 5 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). ).

上記の構成になるサスペンション装置は、図３に示すように、サスペンション装置の車両前面視において、Ａアーム部材５のアクスル側支持点５ｃがピボット点（ピボット下点）Ｐになり、第一リンク部材３と第二リンク部材４とによって形成される仮想ピボット点（仮想ピボット点はピボット上点に相当するものであって第一リンク部材３と第二リンク部材４の軸心の延長線上において交差する点をいう）Ｐ′は、ピボット下点Ｐの車両幅方向の位置と同等位置に形成され、これにより、ピポット下点Ｐと仮想ピポット点Ｐ′によって形成される仮想キングピンＫ（図５参照）が、車両前面視で接地面に対して垂直に設定されることとなり、横力によるタイヤモーメント成分がより小さくなる。   As shown in FIG. 3, the suspension device configured as described above has a pivot point (pivot lower point) P at the axle side support point 5 c of the A arm member 5 when the suspension device is viewed from the front of the vehicle. 3 and the second link member 4, a virtual pivot point (the virtual pivot point corresponds to the pivot upper point, and intersects on the extension line of the axis of the first link member 3 and the second link member 4. P ′ is formed at a position equivalent to the position of the pivot lower point P in the vehicle width direction, and thereby a virtual kingpin K formed by the pivot point P and the virtual pivot point P ′ (see FIG. 5). However, it is set perpendicular to the ground contact surface in front of the vehicle, and the tire moment component due to the lateral force becomes smaller.

また、車軸１ａの上側に位置するリンク部材を、第一リンク部材３と第二リンク部材４で構成することで車両のバウンド、リバウンド時においても仮想ピボット点Ｐ′は車両幅方向外側に維持しておくことができるため、仮想キングピン軸Ｋの変化（Ｋ→Ｋ′）が小さくなりキャンバーの角度変化が抑制される（図５参照）。   Further, by configuring the link member positioned on the upper side of the axle 1a with the first link member 3 and the second link member 4, the virtual pivot point P 'is maintained on the outer side in the vehicle width direction even when the vehicle bounces or rebounds. Therefore, the change in the virtual kingpin axis K (K → K ′) is reduced, and the change in camber angle is suppressed (see FIG. 5).

サスペンション装置の側面を示した図５において、Ａアーム部材５と第三リング部材６のアクスル側支持点５ｃ、６ｂを結ぶ直線Ｌと、第一リンク部材３、第二リンク部材４のアクスル側支持点３ｂ、４ｂとの距離ｄ１を大きくすることで接地点Ｓの横力に対するモーメントアームを長くすることができるため、キャンバー方向の剛性が高められる。 In FIG. 5 showing the side of the suspension device, a straight line L connecting the A-arm member 5 and the axle-side support points 5c and 6b of the third ring member 6, and the axle-side support of the first link member 3 and the second link member 4 are shown. By increasing the distance d 1 between the points 3b and 4b, the moment arm with respect to the lateral force of the ground contact point S can be lengthened, so that the rigidity in the camber direction is enhanced.

さらに、第一リンク部材３と第二リンク部材４で形成される仮想ピボット点Ｐ′とＡアーム部材５のアクスル側支持点５ｂ（ピボット下点Ｐ）によって形成されるキングピン軸Ｋと、第三リンク部材６のアクスル側支持点６ｂとの距離ｄ３を大きくすることによりアライングトルクに対するモーメントアームの長さを長くすることができるため、トー方向の剛性が高められる。 Furthermore, a kingpin axis K formed by a virtual pivot point P ′ formed by the first link member 3 and the second link member 4 and an axle side support point 5b (pivot lower point P) of the A arm member 5; because by increasing the distance d 3 between the axle-side support point 6b of the link member 6 can be increased the length of the moment arm relative to Arai ring torque, stiffness toe direction is enhanced.

上記のリンク部材の配置は各リンク部材のアクスル側支持点において形成される三角形の面積を大きくすることを意味するものであって、本発明にしたがってサスペンション装置を構成することによりキャンバー剛性、トー剛性の改善が図られる。   The above-described arrangement of the link members means that the area of the triangle formed at the axle side support point of each link member is increased, and the camber rigidity and toe rigidity can be obtained by configuring the suspension device according to the present invention. Is improved.

とくに、車両の旋回中にサスペンションがバウンド、リバウンドによりストロークして接地面からタイヤに車両の幅方向に向かう力が入力された場合には、車輪には横方向の力のみならずキャンバー方向、トー方向の力が一度に入力されることになるが、本発明にしたがうサスペンション装置は、一般車両の５〜７倍程度の高剛性（横剛性、前後剛性、キャンバー剛性、キャスター剛性、ワインドアップ剛性、トー剛性等）を有することになり、車輪の接地姿勢は設計値とおりに維持することが可能であって、アライメント変化も実用領域でほぼ０を実現することができる。   In particular, when the suspension strokes during vehicle turning due to bouncing and rebounding and a force is applied from the contact surface to the tire in the width direction of the vehicle, not only the lateral force but also the camber direction, Although the direction force is input at a time, the suspension device according to the present invention has a high rigidity (lateral rigidity, longitudinal rigidity, camber rigidity, caster rigidity, windup rigidity, about 5 to 7 times that of a general vehicle, Toe rigidity and the like, the ground contact posture of the wheel can be maintained as designed, and the alignment change can be substantially zero in the practical range.

図６は、本発明にしたがうサスペンション装置を備えた車両（適合例）と、一般的なサスペンション装置を備えた車両（比較例を同一条件のもとで走行、バウンドさせた場合における接地点前後力変動に対するトー角度の変化を比較して示したグラフである。   FIG. 6 illustrates a vehicle having a suspension device according to the present invention (applicable example) and a vehicle having a general suspension device (comparative example traveling on the same condition and bounced under the same conditions). It is the graph which showed the change of the toe angle with respect to a change compared.

図６により明らかなように、本発明にしたがうサスペンション装置は、バウンド量が大きくなってもトー角度変化は極めて小さく、車両の接地性が良好であることが確認された。   As is clear from FIG. 6, it was confirmed that the suspension device according to the present invention has a very small toe angle change even when the bounce amount is large, and the ground contact property of the vehicle is good.

あらゆる走行シーンにおいても車輪の安定した接地性を確保できるサスペンション装置が提供できる。   It is possible to provide a suspension device that can ensure a stable grounding property of the wheel in any traveling scene.

１ アクスルキャリア
２ 車両側支持部
３ 第一リンク部材
４ 第二リンク部材
５ Ａアーム部材（アーム部材）
６ 第三リンク部材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Axle carrier 2 Vehicle side support part 3 First link member 4 Second link member 5 A arm member (arm member)
6 Third link member

Claims (3)

車輪を回転自在に支持する車軸を備えたアクスルキャリアと、このアクスルキャリアから車両幅方向に沿って伸延し該アクスルキャリアと車両側支持部とを相互に連結する複数のリンクとを備え、
前記複数のリンクが、少なくとも、
車軸よりも上側で、車両側支持部とアクスルキャリアとを連結する第一リンク部材と、
車軸よりも上側で、車両側支持部とアクスルキャリアとを連結する第二リンク部材と、
車軸よりも下側で、車両側支持部の二点とアクスルキャリアとを連結するアーム部材と、からなり、
前記第一リンク部材は、車両上面視において前記車軸よりも車両前方に車両側支持点及びアクスルキャリア側支持点を有し、
前記第二リンク部材は、車両上面視において車両側支持点よりも車両前方にアクスル側支持点を有し、
前記第二リンク部材の車両側支持点は、車両上面視において前記第一リンク部材の車両側支持点よりも車両後方に位置し、
前記アーム部材は、車両上面視において前記車軸よりも車両前方に位置する２つの車両側支持点及び単一のアクスル側支持点を有し、
前記アーム部材のアクスル側支持点が、車両上面視において、第一リンク部材及び第二リンク部材のアクスル側支持点よりも車両幅方向の外側に位置し、車両側支持点が、車両側面視において前記車軸よりも車両前方に位置し、該車両側支持点のうちの車両前方における支持点が、車両上面視において車両前後方向前方、かつ、車両側面視において車両後側の支持点よりも車両上方に位置する、ことを特徴とするサスペンション装置。 An axle carrier having an axle for rotatably supporting the wheel, and a plurality of links extending from the axle carrier along the vehicle width direction and interconnecting the axle carrier and the vehicle side support portion;
The plurality of links are at least
A first link member for connecting the vehicle side support portion and the axle carrier on the upper side of the axle;
A second link member for connecting the vehicle side support portion and the axle carrier on the upper side of the axle;
An arm member that connects the two points of the vehicle side support portion and the axle carrier below the axle,
The first link member has a vehicle side support point and an axle carrier side support point in front of the vehicle with respect to the axle in a vehicle top view,
The second link member has an axle side support point in front of the vehicle rather than the vehicle side support point in the vehicle top view,
The vehicle side support point of the second link member is located behind the vehicle side support point of the first link member in the vehicle top view,
The arm member has two vehicle-side support points and a single axle-side support point located in front of the vehicle with respect to the axle in a top view of the vehicle,
The axle-side support point of the arm member is located outside the axle-side support point of the first link member and the second link member in the vehicle width direction in the vehicle top view, and the vehicle-side support point is in the vehicle side view. Positioned in front of the vehicle with respect to the axle , of the vehicle side support points, the support point in front of the vehicle is forward in the vehicle front-rear direction when viewed from the top of the vehicle and above the support point on the vehicle rear side when viewed from the side of the vehicle. A suspension apparatus, characterized in that 前記第二リンク部材は、車両上面視において、アクスル側支持点が車軸よりも前方に位置し、車両側支持点が車軸よりも後方に位置する請求項１記載のサスペンション装置。   2. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the second link member has an axle-side support point positioned ahead of the axle and a vehicle-side support point positioned rearward of the axle when viewed from above the vehicle. 車軸よりも下側で、車両側支持部とアクスルキャリアとを連結する第三リンク部材を備え、
前記第三リンク部材は、アクスル側支持点が、車両側面視において車軸よりも下方、かつアーム部材のアクスル側支持点よりも車両上方に位置し、車両側支持点が、車両前面視において第一リンク部材、第二リンク部材、アーム部材の車両側支持点よりも車両幅方向内側に位置する、請求項１又は２記載のサスペンション装置。 A third link member for connecting the vehicle side support portion and the axle carrier below the axle is provided,
The third link member has an axle-side support point located below the axle in the vehicle side view and above the vehicle from the axle side support point of the arm member, and the vehicle-side support point is the first in the vehicle front view. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the suspension device is located on an inner side in a vehicle width direction than a vehicle side support point of the link member, the second link member, and the arm member.
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