JP5264957B2 - Water purification equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water purification apparatus.

There is known a water purifier using photocatalytic activity generated by irradiating a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide with ultraviolet rays from a black light, a mercury lamp or the like (for example, Patent Document 1).
In such a water purification device utilizing photocatalytic activity, a porous body or fiber cloth carrying a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide is irradiated with ultraviolet rays and the like, and water to be treated is circulated through the porous body or fiber cloth. Purification of treated water. This increases the contact probability between the water to be treated and the photocatalyst.

JP 2008-93549 A

However, in the conventional water purification device, since the water to be treated flows through the pores of the porous body carrying the photocatalyst or between the fibers of the fiber cloth carrying the photocatalyst, the amount of water that can be flowed is small and a constant amount of water is purified. In order to do so, it is necessary to enlarge the apparatus.
Further, in the conventional water purification apparatus, when the water to be treated is flowed in the pores or between the fibers, the organic substance or the inorganic substance is likely to be clogged in the flow path, and it is necessary to replace the porous body carrying the photocatalyst with continued use. .
Furthermore, in the conventional water purification apparatus, the photocatalyst far from the light source is not sufficiently irradiated with ultraviolet rays and may not have sufficient photocatalytic activity, and the treated water that has circulated through this part is drained without being purified. There is a case.
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and provides the water purification apparatus which can be reduced in size and can purify to-be-processed water efficiently.

  The present invention includes a septic tank and a purification unit provided in the septic tank, the purification unit includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members, and is bent so that water to be purified to be purified is circulated in the septic tank. The plate-like photocatalyst member has a plurality of flow paths, the plate-like photocatalyst member has a plate-like light emitter capable of surface light emission, and a photocatalyst layer provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter, A water purifier is provided that constitutes the inner wall of the flow path.

According to the present invention, the purification unit has a plurality of bent flow paths, and the photocatalyst layer constitutes the inner wall of the flow path, so that the water to be treated can be efficiently contacted with the photocatalyst layer. It can be purified efficiently.
According to the present invention, the purification unit includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members, and the photocatalyst layer formed on at least one surface of the plate-like photocatalyst member constitutes the inner wall of the channel of the purification unit. The cross-sectional area can be appropriately sized. For this reason, to-be-processed water can contact a photocatalyst layer efficiently, and it can make it hard to clog a flow path.
According to the present invention, the plate-like photocatalyst member included in the purification unit has a plate-like light emitter capable of surface light emission and a photocatalyst layer provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter. The light emitted from the plate-like illuminant can be received and can have photocatalytic activity. In addition, since the plate-like light emitter can emit light, the photocatalyst layer can receive light from the plate-like light emitter, and the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst layer included in the purification unit can be increased overall. . Thus, the presence of the photocatalyst layer having low photocatalytic activity in the purification unit can prevent the treated water from being discharged from the purification tank without being purified. Further, the light emitted from the light source can be efficiently applied to the photocatalyst layer, and power consumption can be saved.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the structure of the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a schematic top view of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member contained in the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member in dotted line AA of (a). It is. (A) is a schematic plan view of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member contained in the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member in the dotted line BB of (a). It is. (A) is a schematic top view of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member contained in the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member in the dotted line CC of (a). It is. (A) is a schematic top view of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member contained in the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member in the dotted line DD of (a). It is. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member in the range E enclosed with the dotted line of FIG.5 (b). It is a schematic sectional drawing of the plate-shaped photocatalyst member corresponding to the range E enclosed with the dotted line of FIG.5 (b). It is a schematic perspective view of the purification | cleaning part contained in the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the flow path in the purification | cleaning part contained in the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the structure of the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a schematic plan view of the purification | cleaning unit contained in the water purification apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of the purification | cleaning unit in the dotted line FF of (a). It is a graph which shows the simulation result of the density | concentration distribution of Ge atom in the insulator layer contained in the light emitting element produced in the reference experiment, and a 1st electrode. It is the emission spectrum of the light emitting element produced in the reference experiment.

  The water purification apparatus of the present invention includes a purification tank and a purification unit provided in the purification tank, the purification unit includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalytic members, and water to be treated to be purified in the purification tank The plate-like photocatalyst member has a plate-like light emitter capable of surface light emission and a photocatalyst layer provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter. The photocatalyst layer constitutes an inner wall of the flow path.

A septic tank is a water tank which collects or distributes the treated water to be purified by a water purification device.
A purification | cleaning part is a part which has the function to purify to-be-processed water.
A plate-like photocatalyst member is a plate-like member containing a photocatalyst.
A plate-like light emitter is a plate-like member that can emit light.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the flow path has a plurality of branch points and a plurality of junction points.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to increase the probability that the water to be treated that is purified in the septic tank contacts the photocatalyst layer on the side wall of the flow path, and the water to be treated can be efficiently purified.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the plate-like photocatalyst member has a strip shape or a lattice shape.
According to such a structure, the purification | cleaning part which has a flow path can be easily formed by combining a plate-shaped photocatalyst member.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the purification unit has the strip-shaped plate-shaped photocatalyst members arranged in parallel in the vertical direction and the strip-shaped photocatalyst members arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. It is preferable to have a structure in which the plate-like photocatalyst members are alternately stacked.
According to such a configuration, the gap between the plate-like photocatalyst members arranged in parallel can be used as a flow path of the water to be treated, and the water to be treated that has flowed through this flow path collides with another plate-like photocatalyst member. The water to be treated can be allowed to flow, and the water to be treated can be efficiently brought into contact with the photocatalyst layer.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the purification unit has a structure in which the plate-like photocatalyst members are arranged without a gap in a plan view from a direction in which the plate-like photocatalyst members are stacked.
According to such a configuration, the flow path through which the water to be treated flows is bent, and the probability that the water to be treated contacts the photocatalyst layer can be increased.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the plate-like photocatalyst members are stacked with a gap of 1 μm or more and a parallel interval or less.
According to such a configuration, the flow path through which the water to be treated flows is bent, and it is possible to increase the probability that the water to be treated contacts the photocatalyst layer, and the surface area of the photocatalyst layer that can contact the water to be treated. Can be increased. Moreover, the amount of water to be treated can be increased.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the photocatalyst layer is provided on both surfaces of the plate-like light emitter.
According to such a configuration, the surface area of the photocatalyst layer included in the purification unit can be increased, and the purification ability of the water purification device can be increased.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members include a first plate-like photocatalyst member and a second plate-like photocatalyst member provided so as to face the first plate-like photocatalyst member. It is preferable that the photocatalyst layer included in the plate-like photocatalyst member is provided so as to receive light emitted from the plate-like light emitter included in the second plate-like photocatalyst member.
According to such a configuration, the amount of light received by the photocatalyst layer included in the first plate-like photocatalyst member can be increased, and the photocatalytic activity can be increased.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that a light source unit provided so as to irradiate light to a side surface of the plate-like light emitter is further provided, and the plate-like light emitter is a light guide plate.
According to such a configuration, surface light can be emitted from the light guide plate, and generation of a portion having low photocatalytic activity in the photocatalytic layer can be suppressed. Thereby, it can suppress that to-be-processed water is drained without purifying.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the light source unit includes a light emitting diode.
According to such a configuration, the light source unit can be reduced in size, saved in energy, and extended in life.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the plate-like photocatalyst member includes a first photocatalyst layer provided on one surface of the plate-like light emitter and a reflection provided on the other surface of the plate-like light emitter. It is preferable to include a layer and a second photocatalyst layer provided on the reflective layer and capable of receiving light.
According to such a configuration, the amount of light received by the first photocatalyst layer can be increased, and the light input by the second photocatalyst layer receiving light that could not be absorbed by the first photocatalyst layer wasted. As a whole, the photocatalytic ability is improved. Furthermore, by providing a reflection function also on the second photocatalyst layer side of the reflective layer, the light that could not be absorbed by the second photocatalyst layer was reflected and again the second photocatalyst layer, and the light that still could not be absorbed. Can be received by the first photocatalyst layer. As another usage, the amount of light received by the second photocatalyst layer can be reduced as compared with the first photocatalyst layer. As a result, the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst layer in contact with much water to be treated can be increased, and the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst layer in contact with less water to be treated can be lowered. Thereby, the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst layer can be controlled in relation to the flow path of the purification unit.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the reflective layer has electrical conductivity, and the second photocatalytic layer is electrically connected to the reflective layer.
According to such a configuration, among the electrons and holes generated when the photocatalyst included in the photocatalyst layer receives light, the electrons can conduct to the reflective layer, and the holes are active on the surface of the photocatalyst such as OH radicals. Species can be generated. As a result, the probability of recombination of electrons and holes can be reduced, and the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic layer can be increased.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the plate-like light emitter includes a first electrode made of a conductor or a semiconductor, a translucent electrode, an insulator layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the translucent electrode, It is preferable to include a light emitter that is formed inside the insulator layer and contains Ge.
According to such a structure, a light-emitting body can be light-emitted by applying a voltage between a 1st electrode and a translucent electrode, and a plate-shaped light-emitting body can carry out surface light emission.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the photocatalyst layer preferably has a particulate photocatalyst.
According to such a configuration, the surface area of the photocatalyst contained in the photocatalyst layer can be increased, and the probability that the water to be treated contacts the photocatalyst can be increased.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the photocatalyst layer includes TiO ₂ , SnO ₂ , WO ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , ZnO, Nb ₂ O ₅ , SrTiO ₃ , KTaO ₃ , ZrO ₂ , GaP, BiVO ₄ , Bi _2. It is preferable to contain at least one of MoO ₆ and Ag ₃ PO ₄ .
According to such a structure, a photocatalyst layer can contain a photocatalyst.
In the water purification device of the present invention, the photocatalyst layer carries at least one metal of Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, In, and Sn. It preferably contains titanium oxide.
According to such a configuration, the photocatalyst contained in the photocatalyst layer can have high photocatalytic activity.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the purification tank and the purification unit have a structure in which purification units including a part of the purification tank and the plate-like photocatalyst member are stacked.
According to such a structure, the water purification apparatus can change the number of the purification units to comprise, and can change purification ability. Thereby, the purification capability of the water purification device can be changed according to the required purification capability.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that a third photocatalyst layer is further provided on the inner wall of the purification tank.
According to such a structure, to-be-processed water can be purified also in the 3rd photocatalyst layer on the inner wall of the said purification tank, and the purification ability of a water purification apparatus can be made high.

In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the apparatus further comprises a bubble generating unit that supplies bubbles containing oxygen or ozone into the water to be treated that is purified in the septic tank.
According to such a configuration, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated can be increased, superoxide radicals and OH radicals can be generated on the surface of the photocatalyst, and the photocatalytic activity can be increased.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the bubbles are preferably micro-nano bubbles.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent bubbles from aggregating and staying on the surface of the photocatalyst layer.
In the water purification apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the water purification device further includes an ultrasonic wave generation unit that irradiates the purification unit with ultrasonic waves.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent adhesion of dirt on the surface of the photocatalyst, and it is possible to prevent clogging of the flow path. Moreover, it can suppress that to-be-processed water retains in the photocatalyst vicinity.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The configurations shown in the drawings and the following description are merely examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to those shown in the drawings and the following description.

Diagram 1 water purifier, FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a water purification device, FIG. 2, 3, 4, 5 is a schematic plan view of a plate-like photocatalyst member included in the water purifier and a schematic 6 and 7 are schematic cross-sectional views of a part of the plate-like photocatalyst member, FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a purification unit included in the water purification device, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view and a schematic cross-sectional view of a purification unit included in the water purification apparatus.

The water purification device 27 of this embodiment includes a purification tank 1 and a purification unit 3 provided in the purification tank 1, and the purification unit 3 includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalytic members 7 and is purified by the purification tank 1. The plate-like photocatalyst member 7 is provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter 5 capable of surface light emission and the plate-like light emitter 5. The photocatalyst layer 6 is provided, and the photocatalyst layer 6 constitutes an inner wall of the flow path 10.
Further, the water purification device 27 of the present embodiment may include a bubble generation unit 24 and an ultrasonic generation unit 25. Moreover, the water purification apparatus 27 of the present embodiment may have a structure in which purification units 39 are stacked.
Hereinafter, the water purification apparatus of this embodiment will be described.

1. Septic tank The septic tank 1 is a water tank for purifying treated water. The septic tank 1 is not particularly limited as long as the water to be treated can be stored or flowed. The septic tank 1 is made of, for example, metal, resin, reinforced plastic, glass, or earthenware.
The septic tank 1 includes a purification unit 3 therein. For this reason, the water to be treated in the septic tank 1 can be purified by the purification unit 3.

  A part of the septic tank 1 may be composed of a translucent member 12. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, when the light source unit 14 is installed outside the translucent member 12, the light emitted from the light source unit 14 can be applied to the photocatalyst layer 6, and the photocatalyst layer 6 can have photocatalytic activity. . Moreover, if it is set as such a structure, the light source part 14 can be isolate | separated from the to-be-processed water in the septic tank 1, an electrical leakage can be prevented, and lifetime improvement of a light source part can be achieved.

  The septic tank 1 can have an inlet 17 and a drain 18. As a result, untreated water to be treated can be caused to flow into the septic tank 1 from the inflow port 17, and the purified treated water can be discharged from the drain port 18. Moreover, you may provide the filter 22 so that an impurity may be removed, before making to-be-processed water flow in into the septic tank 1 from the inflow port 17 like FIG. The filter 22 may be composed of a plurality of types having different hole diameters. For example, an MF membrane, UF membrane, RO membrane or the like can be used. Thereby, the purification ability of the water purification apparatus 27 can be improved.

The septic tank 1 can have a photocatalyst layer 6 on its inner wall as shown in FIG. The photocatalyst layer 6 provided on the inner wall of the purification tank 1 can receive the light emitted from the plate-like light emitter 5 and have photocatalytic activity, so that the purification ability of the water purification device 27 can be improved. Moreover, the septic tank 1 can also be provided with a reflective layer on its inner wall. Thereby, the light irradiated to the inner wall of the septic tank 1 can be reflected to the inner side of the septic tank 1, the amount of light received by the photocatalyst layer 6 included in the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 can be increased, and the water purifier 27 purification ability can be improved.
Moreover, the purification tank 1 may be formed by stacking purification units 39 as shown in FIG. 11 as shown in FIG. In this case, the water to be treated can be prevented from leaking by providing the seal member 41 between the two adjacent purification units 39.

2. Plate Photocatalyst Member, Plate Light Emitter, Photocatalyst Layer The plate photocatalyst member 7 is included in the purification unit 3 and is provided on at least one surface of the plate light emitter 5 capable of surface light emission and the plate light emitter 5. The photocatalyst layer 6 is provided. By having such a structure, the photocatalyst layer 6 can receive light emitted from the plate-like light emitter 5, and the photocatalyst layer 6 can have photocatalytic activity.
The shape of the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 is not particularly limited. For example, the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 may have a strip shape as shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, or a lattice shape as shown in FIG. By combining a plurality of plate-like photocatalytic members 7 having such a shape, the purification unit 3 can be formed, and the flow path 10 can be formed in the purification unit 3.
Further, the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 may constitute a purification unit 39 as shown in FIG.

  The plate-like light emitter 5 is not particularly limited as long as surface light emission is possible. For example, the plate-like light emitter 5 is a light guide plate provided so that light can enter from the side surface. The light guide plate can emit light incident from the side surface. The light guide plate is made of, for example, an acrylic plate on which reflective dots are formed. In this case, the light incident from the side surface of the acrylic plate can be spread over the entire acrylic plate by repeating the surface reflection of the acrylic plate, and the light scattered by the reflective dots goes out from the surface of the acrylic plate. be able to. Thus, the light guide plate can emit light. Further, the light guide plate may emit surface light from one surface thereof, or may emit surface light from both surfaces. In addition, the acrylic plate may be made of ultraviolet transmissive acrylic. Thereby, ultraviolet absorption by the acrylic plate can be suppressed, and the amount of light received by the photocatalyst layer 6 can be increased.

  The reflective dots may be, for example, printed with white ink, may be irregularities attached to the surface of the acrylic plate with a stamper or injection, and are grooves formed by grooving the acrylic plate. Also good. The reflective dots may be formed only on one surface of the acrylic plate, or may be formed on both surfaces.

The light incident on the side surface of the light guide plate may be light emitted by the light source 14 or sunlight. By disposing the water purification device 27 so that sunlight enters the translucent member 12 constituting the septic tank 1, the sunlight can be incident on the light guide plate.
In addition, when the light from the light source 14 is incident on the side surface of the light guide plate, the light source 14 is not particularly limited as long as it can generate photocatalytic activity. For example, a mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, a black light, an ultraviolet ray, and the like. LED. Further, the light source 14 may include a reflective cover in order to make light incident efficiently on the side surface of the light guide plate. The light source 14 preferably emits ultraviolet light. As a result, the photocatalytic layer 6 can have high photocatalytic activity, and the water to be treated can be purified by the sterilizing effect of the ultraviolet light emitted from the light source 14.
Further, the light source 14 may be provided so as to irradiate light to the side surface of the light guide plate through the translucent member 12 constituting the septic tank 1 as shown in FIG. It can also be provided adjacent. Moreover, you may supply the light from the light source 14 to the side surface of a light-guide plate with an optical fiber. Thereby, the light from the light source 14 can be efficiently supplied to the light guide plate, and the number of light sources 14 to be installed can be reduced.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the plate-like light emitter 5 includes a first electrode 32 made of a conductor or a semiconductor, a translucent electrode 34, and a first electrode on at least one surface of the substrate 31. Insulator layer 33 sandwiched between 32 and translucent electrode 34 and light emitter 35 containing Ge formed inside insulator layer 33 may be provided. According to such a configuration, by applying a voltage between the first electrode 32 and the translucent electrode 34, a current can be passed through the insulator layer 33, and the light emitter 35 is caused to emit light by this current. be able to. In addition, by using a material containing Ge as the light emitter 35, ultraviolet light can be emitted from the light emitter 35. Further, the plate-like light emitter 5 can be provided with the first electrode 32, the insulator layer 33, and the translucent electrode 34 on both surfaces of the substrate 31.
For example, the first electrode 32 can be silicon doped with impurities, the insulator layer 33 can be a SiO ₂ film, and the translucent electrode 34 can be an ITO electrode or a slit electrode. . The light emitter 35 in the insulator layer 33 can be formed by ion-implanting Ge into the SiO ₂ film, for example.

Further, the plate-like light emitter 5 includes, on at least one surface of the substrate, a first electrode 32 made of a conductor containing impurities or a semiconductor containing impurities, a translucent electrode 34, a first electrode 32, and a translucent electrode. 34, the first electrode 32 has ion-implanted atoms, and the atoms are first within 500 nm from the interface between the insulator layer 33 and the first electrode 32. The electrode 32 may have a concentration peak. According to such a configuration, the plate-like light emitter 5 can emit light by applying a voltage between the first electrode 32 and the translucent electrode 34.
Further, the atoms ion-implanted into the first electrode 32 can emit ultraviolet rays by using those containing Ge. Further, the plate-like light emitter 5 can be provided with the first electrode 32, the insulator layer 33, and the translucent electrode 34 on both surfaces of the substrate 31.
For example, the first electrode 32 can be silicon doped with impurities, the insulator layer 33 can be a SiO ₂ film, and the translucent electrode 34 can be an ITO electrode or a slit electrode. . In addition, the first electrode 32 having the ion-implanted atoms can be formed, for example, by implanting Ge into a silicon substrate directly or into a silicon substrate with an insulator layer.

The photocatalyst layer 6 is a layer containing a photocatalyst and has photocatalytic activity by receiving light. Examples of the photocatalyst included in the photocatalyst layer 6 include TiO ₂ , SnO ₂ , WO ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , ZnO, Nb ₂ O ₅ , SrTiO ₃ , KTaO ₃ , ZrO ₂ , GaP, BiVO ₄ , Bi ₂ MoO _6. Ag ₃ PO ₄ , and at least one metal of Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, In and Sn is supported on these surfaces. It may be. The photocatalyst contained in the photocatalyst layer 6 is preferably titanium oxide.
The photocatalyst layer 6 may be a thin film containing a photocatalyst or a thick film. Further, it may be a film containing a photocatalyst, glass or a fiber body on which the photocatalyst is supported. When the photocatalyst layer 6 is a thin film containing a photocatalyst, it can be formed by, for example, CVD or sputtering. When the photocatalyst layer 6 is a thick film containing a photocatalyst, for example, a paste or coating containing a particulate photocatalyst It can be formed by applying, drying or baking the agent on the plate-like light emitter.

  The photocatalyst layer 6 is provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter 5. Thereby, the photocatalyst layer 6 can receive light from the plate-like light emitter 5 and can have photocatalytic activity. The photocatalyst layer 6 may be provided only on one surface of the plate-like light emitter 5, or may be provided on both surfaces of the plate-like light emitter 5 as shown in FIGS. When the photocatalyst layer 6 is provided only on one surface of the plate-like light emitter 5 and the plate-like light emitter 5 is made of a light guide plate, the reflective layer 29 may be provided on the other surface. Thus, the photocatalyst layer 6 can receive the reflected light from the reflective layer 29, and the amount of light received by the photocatalyst layer 6 can be increased. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the reflective layer 29 and the photocatalyst layer 6 may be laminated on one surface of the plate-like light emitter 5. In this case, the amount of light received by the photocatalyst layer 6 on the surface on which the reflective layer 29 is not formed can be increased, and the light emitted from the other plate-like light emitters 5 by the photocatalyst layer 6 formed on the reflective layer 29. Can be received. As a result, the light that the photocatalyst layer cannot absorb can be absorbed by the other photocatalyst layer, so that the input light can be used without waste, and the photocatalytic performance is improved as a whole. Moreover, the part which has high photocatalytic activity and the part which has low photocatalytic activity can be made, and these parts can be formed according to distribution | circulation of to-be-processed water.

Further, when the reflective layer 29 and the photocatalyst layer 6 are laminated, the reflective layer 29 may have electrical conductivity and may be electrically connected to the photocatalyst layer 6. Thus, the reflective layer 29 can be used as a conductive plate, and among the electrons and holes generated by the photocatalyst layer 6 receiving light, the electrons are attracted to the reflective layer 29, and the holes are OH radicals on the surface of the photocatalyst. It can utilize for the production | generation of active species. Thus, recombination of electrons and holes generated by the photocatalyst receiving light can be suppressed, and the generation efficiency of active species on the surface of the photocatalyst can be improved.
The photocatalyst layer 6 formed on the reflective layer 29 may be a transparent conductive film carrying a photocatalyst. As a result, charges can easily move between the reflective layer 29 and the photocatalytic layer 6.

When the photocatalyst layer 6 is formed on the plate-like light emitter 5 as shown in FIG. 5, the photocatalyst layer 6 may be directly formed on the translucent electrode 34 as shown in FIG. Thus, the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic layer 6 can be improved by the voltage applied to the translucent electrode 34. Moreover, the photocatalyst layer 6 may be formed by sandwiching a translucent insulating layer 37 between the translucent electrode 34 as shown in FIG. As a result, the photocatalytic layer 6 can be prevented from being affected by the voltage applied to the translucent electrode 34, and the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic layer 6 can be stabilized. Further, the translucent electrode and the like can be protected by the translucent insulating layer 37.
The photocatalyst layer 6 constitutes the inner wall of the flow path 10 in the purification unit 3. Thereby, the to-be-processed water which distribute | circulates the flow path 10 can be made to contact the photocatalyst layer 6, and to-be-processed water can be purified.

3. Purification unit and flow path The purification unit 3 is provided inside the purification tank 1. As a result, the water to be treated in the septic tank 1 can be purified. The purification unit 3 includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members 7, has a plurality of bent flow paths 10 through which water to be treated purified in the purification tank 1 circulates, and the photocatalyst layer 6 constitutes the inner wall of the flow path 10. To do. By flowing the water to be treated through the flow path 10, the water to be treated can be efficiently brought into contact with the photocatalyst layer 6, and the water to be treated can be purified.

The purification unit 3 can be formed, for example, by combining strip-shaped plate-like photocatalyst members 7 as shown in FIGS. Thereby, the purification | cleaning part 3 which has the flow path 10 by which an inner wall is comprised with the photocatalyst layer 6 can be formed easily, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path 10 can be formed in a suitable magnitude | size.
The purification unit 3 includes strip-shaped photocatalytic members 7 arranged in parallel in the vertical direction at intervals and strip-shaped photocatalytic members 7 arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction at intervals. Can have a stacked structure. As a result, the space between two adjacent plate-like photocatalyst members 7 arranged in parallel can be used as a flow path 10 for circulating the water to be treated, and is formed by the plate-like photocatalyst members 7 arranged in the vertical direction. It is possible to form a flow path 10 in which the space formed is connected to the space formed by the plate-like photocatalyst members 7 arranged in the lateral direction. The channel 10 thus formed has an inner wall including the catalyst layer 6, a plurality of curved channels, a plurality of branch points, and a plurality of junctions. Moreover, the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 can be stacked in a range of 3 to 100 layers.
The plate-like photocatalyst member 7 may be fixed to the septic tank 1 or may not be fixed. Moreover, the strip-shaped plate-shaped photocatalyst members 7 arranged in parallel may be connected so that the interval does not change. In addition, the stacked plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of each layer may or may not be connected.

  Moreover, the purification | cleaning part 3 can also be formed by laminating | stacking the lattice-shaped plate-shaped photocatalyst member 7 as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to easily form the purification section 3 having the flow path 10 whose inner wall is composed of the photocatalyst layer 6 in the same manner as the purification section 3 formed by stacking the strip-shaped plate-like photocatalytic members 7. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel 10 can be formed to an appropriate size.

  Moreover, the purification | cleaning part 3 may have a structure where the plate-shaped photocatalyst member 7 is arrange | positioned without gap in planar view from the direction which laminated | stacked the plate-shaped photocatalyst member 7. FIG. Thus, the flow path 10 formed in the purification unit 3 can be bent, and the water to be treated flowing in the flow path 10 can easily come into contact with the photocatalyst layer 6 constituting the inner wall of the flow path 10. The treated water can be purified efficiently.

The purification unit 3 can be formed, for example, by combining strip-shaped plate-like photocatalyst members 7 as shown in the perspective view of FIG. In FIG. 8, the strip-shaped plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the lowermost layer (first layer 45) are arranged in parallel in the x direction at intervals, and are stacked in the z direction thereon (second layer). 46) The strip-shaped plate-like photocatalyst members 7 are arranged in parallel in the y direction at intervals. The strip-shaped plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the layers (third layer 47) stacked in the z direction thereon are arranged in parallel in the x direction at intervals. The plate-like photocatalyst member 7 of the third layer 47 has a width wider than the interval between the plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the first layer, and the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 of the first layer in the plan view from the z direction. Arranged to fill the gap. Thereby, the flow path 10 in the purification unit 3 can be bent. The strip-shaped plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the layers (fourth layer 48) stacked in the z direction thereon are arranged in parallel in the y direction at intervals. The plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the fourth layer 48 can also be arranged so as to fill a gap between the plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the second layer 46 in a plan view from the z direction.
The purification part 3 as shown in FIG. 8 can be formed by repeatedly laminating the first layer to the fourth layer. Note that the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 1 and 10 correspond to the cross-sectional view of the xz plane of FIG.
Moreover, the purification | cleaning part 3 can be provided so that to-be-processed water may flow in into the purification | cleaning part 3 from the lowermost layer side of FIG. 8, and may flow out from the uppermost layer side of the purification | cleaning part 3 of FIG.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory view schematically showing the flow path 10 formed in the purification unit 3. FIG. 9 corresponds to the cross-sectional view of the xz plane of FIG. 8, and is a cross-sectional view of a portion that does not include the second layer 46 and the fourth layer 48. The treated water that has flowed into the purification unit 3 from the lower side of FIG. 9 flows through the gap between the plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the first layer 45, and this flow collides with the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 of the third layer 37 and branches. The flow of the gap between the plate-like photocatalyst members 7 of the adjacent first layers 45 merges with the branched flow, and flows through the gap of the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 of the third layer 37. Thus, the flow path 10 can be a flow path in which a branch point and a merge point are repeated, and the water to be treated can easily come into contact with the photocatalyst layer 6 included in the plate-like photocatalyst member 7. The photocatalyst layer 6 can constitute the inner wall of the flow path 10.

  Moreover, in the purification | cleaning part 3 like FIG. 8, FIG. 9, the plate-shaped photocatalyst member 7 (1st plate-shaped photocatalyst member) of the 1st layer 45, and the plate-shaped photocatalyst of the 1st layer 45 laminated | stacked on the 4 layers. It is provided so as to face the member 7 (second plate-like photocatalytic member). At this time, the photocatalyst layer 6 included in the first plate-like photocatalyst member can be provided so as to receive light emitted from the plate-like light emitter included in the second plate-like photocatalyst member. Thereby, the photocatalyst layer 6 included in the first plate-like photocatalyst member emits light from the plate-like illuminant included in the first plate-like photocatalyst member and from the plate-like illuminant included in the second plate-like photocatalyst member. The photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic layer 6 can be increased. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the first photocatalyst layer 6 is provided on one surface of the plate-like light emitter, the reflective layer 29 is provided on the other surface, and the second photocatalyst layer 6 is provided on the reflective layer 29. Even when the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 is provided with light, the light emission of the plate-like light emitter 5 included in the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 provided with the second photocatalyst layer 6 facing the photocatalytic activity can be received. Can have.

The purification unit 3 can form the purification unit 3 by stacking a purification unit 39 including a part of the purification tank 1 and the plate-like photocatalyst member 7 as shown in FIG. 11 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the purification capacity of the purification unit 3 can be changed by changing the number of purification units 39 to be stacked. That is, the purification capacity of the water treatment device 27 can be changed according to the required purification capacity.
The water purification device 27 can be formed by stacking the purification units 39 so that the plate-like photocatalyst unit 7 is assembled in the same manner as the purification unit 3 shown in FIGS. That is, the first purification unit, the second purification unit, the third purification unit, and the fourth purification unit corresponding to the first to fourth layers shown in FIG. It is possible to form a flow path 10 similar to the above.

4). Bubble Generation Unit, Ultrasonic Wave Generation Unit The bubble generation unit 24 can be provided so as to supply bubbles containing oxygen or ozone into the water to be treated purified in the septic tank 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the bubble generating unit 24 can be provided so that the water to be treated supplied with bubbles flows into the inlet 17 of the septic tank 1. As a result, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated can be increased, the generation of superoxide radicals O ²⁻ can be promoted, and the generation of hydrogen H ₂ can be suppressed. In addition, recombination of electrons and holes generated by the photocatalyst receiving light can be suppressed, and the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst layer 6 can be increased. Moreover, the light emission of the plate-like light emitter 5 can be scattered by the bubbles in the water to be treated, and it is possible to prevent the photocatalytic layer 6 from being shaded and the photocatalytic activity from being lowered. Further, since bubbles are present in the water to be treated, turbulent flow is remarkably generated in the water flow, and a stirring effect can be obtained without a stirring device. Thereby, it is suppressed that water stays on the surface of the photocatalyst, and water is efficiently supplied to the surface of the photocatalyst, so that effective purification efficiency (catalytic efficiency) is improved. Further, due to the bubble decomposition effect, it is possible to suppress adhesion of dust on the surface of the photocatalyst and clogging of the gap between the two plate-like photocatalyst members 7.
Further, the bubble generating unit 24 may generate micro-nano bubbles. This can prevent bubbles from aggregating and staying on the surface of the photocatalyst layer 6.

The ultrasonic generator 25 can be provided so that the purification unit 3 can be irradiated with ultrasonic waves. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the ultrasonic generator 25 can be provided outside the septic tank 1. By irradiating the purification unit 3 with ultrasonic waves, it is possible to prevent contamination of the surface of the photocatalyst and to prevent clogging of the flow path. Moreover, it can suppress that to-be-processed water retains in the photocatalyst vicinity.
Further, when both the bubble generation unit 24 and the ultrasonic generation unit 25 are provided, the ultrasonic generation unit 25 irradiates the purification unit 3 with ultrasonic waves, thereby suppressing the aggregation of bubbles generated in the bubble generation unit 24. It is possible to prevent the water flow from being blocked by large bubbles. In addition, it is possible to prevent a decrease in effective photocatalytic activity due to bubbles adhering to and staying on the surface of the photocatalyst.

Reference Experiment A light-emitting element fabrication experiment was performed to confirm the light emission and emission wavelength of the plate-like light emitter 5 having the first electrode 32, the insulator layer 33, and the translucent electrode.

Light emitting device fabrication experiment 1
A light emitting element manufacturing experiment was conducted by the following method.
An n-type silicon substrate having a resistivity of 3-8 Ω · cm (impurity concentration of about 1 × 10 ¹⁵ / cm ³ ) and having an about 1.5 cm square is first heat-treated in an oxygen atmosphere at 1000 ° C. for 40 minutes. An SiO ₂ film as an insulator layer was formed on the surface of the silicon substrate. This SiO ₂ film has a thickness of about 50 nm. The first electrode is an n-type silicon substrate.
Next, Ge ions were implanted into the SiO ₂ film with an acceleration energy of 220 keV. The ion implantation amount was 1.6 × 10 ¹⁶ ions / cm ² .
FIG. 12 shows a simulation result of the concentration distribution of ion-implanted Ge atoms in the insulator layer and the first electrode. From FIG. 12, it can be seen that the ion-implanted Ge atoms have a concentration peak in the first electrode having a depth of about 170 nm from the interface between the translucent electrode and the insulator layer.

Next, an ITO electrode, which is a translucent electrode, was formed on the SiO ₂ film using a sputtering apparatus, an aluminum electrode was formed on the silicon substrate side, and a light emitting element was manufactured.

Next, a direct current power source was connected to the light emitting element so that the aluminum electrode became a positive electrode and the ITO electrode became a negative electrode, and a voltage was applied to the light emitting element to cause the light emitting element to emit light. The emission spectrum is shown in FIG. When FIG. 13 was seen, light emission having a peak at a wavelength of about 450 nm was confirmed with light in a wavelength range of about 340 nm to about 650 nm. In addition, the wavelength range having an emission intensity at half or more of the emission intensity at the peak of the emission was about 400 nm to about 500 nm.
Further, it was confirmed that when a voltage was applied to the light emitting element, light was emitted uniformly over the entire surface of the ITO electrode.
Further, a heat treatment step can be added between the ion implantation step and the translucent electrode formation step. For example, the silicon substrate subjected to the above ion implantation was put into an electric furnace, and 50 ml of nitrogen was introduced while being drawn with a rotary pump, and heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 1 hour. Next, 10 ml of a gas containing 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen was introduced, and heat treatment was performed for 1 hour. By adding this step, the light emission characteristics were stabilized. The reason for this is not clear, but implantation defects generated in the SiO ₂ film as the insulator layer or the silicon substrate as the first electrode during ion implantation are recovered by heat treatment or formed in the first electrode. It is conceivable that the emission center is stabilized by approaching a thermal equilibrium state through a heat treatment step. Oxidizing the Ge atoms having entered the dangling bonds and the SiO ₂ film of Si-based generated in the SiO ₂ film, is prevented to become a charge trap sites contemplated or by performing heat treatment in an oxygen-containing gas .

Light emitting device fabrication experiment 2
Using a n-type silicon substrate with a resistivity of 0.01-0.05 Ω · cm (impurity concentration of about 1 × 10 ¹⁷ / cm ³ ) and about 1.5 cm square, the same as “Light-emitting element manufacturing experiment 1” A light emitting element was manufactured by the method described above.
A direct current power source was connected to the light emitting element so that the aluminum electrode became a positive electrode and the ITO electrode became a negative electrode, and a voltage was applied to the light emitting element to cause the light emitting element to emit light. However, it was confirmed that this light-emitting element emits light with lower light emission intensity than the light-emitting element manufactured in “Light-emitting element manufacturing experiment 1”.

Light emitting device fabrication experiment 3
A light emitting element manufacturing experiment was conducted by the following method.
Ge ions were implanted at an acceleration energy of 200 keV into an n-type silicon substrate having a resistivity of 3-8 Ω · cm and about 1.5 cm square. The ion implantation amount was 1.0 × 10 ¹⁶ ions / cm ² .
Next, a 50 nm SiO ₂ film was deposited on the ion-implanted surface of the silicon substrate using plasma CVD.
Next, the silicon substrate was put into an electric furnace, and 50 ml of nitrogen was introduced while pulling with a rotary pump, and heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 1 hour. Next, 10 ml of a gas containing 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen was introduced, and heat treatment was performed for 1 hour.
Next, an ITO electrode, which is a translucent electrode, was formed on the SiO ₂ film using a sputtering apparatus, an aluminum electrode was formed on the silicon substrate side, and a light emitting element was manufactured.

Next, when a direct current power source was connected to the light emitting element so that the aluminum electrode became a positive electrode and the ITO electrode became a negative electrode, and voltage was applied to the light emitting element, light emission having a peak at a wavelength of about 450 nm was confirmed. In addition, the wavelength range having an emission intensity at half or more of the emission intensity at the peak of the emission was about 400 nm to about 500 nm.
Further, it was confirmed that when a voltage was applied to the light emitting element, light was emitted uniformly over the entire surface of the ITO electrode.

    DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Purification tank 3: Purification | purification part 5: Plate-shaped light-emitting body 6: Photocatalyst layer 7: Plate-shaped photocatalyst member 10: Flow path 12: Translucent member 14: Light source 15: Cover member 17: Inlet 18: Drainage port 20: Water conduit 22: Filter 24: Bubble generator 25: Ultrasonic generator 27: Water purification device 29: Reflective layer 31: Substrate 32: First electrode 33: Insulator layer 34: Translucent electrode 35: Luminescent body 37: Translucent insulating layer 39: Purification unit 41: Sealing member 43: Connection member 45: First layer 46: Second layer 47: Third layer 48: Fourth layer

Claims (19)

A septic tank, and a purification unit provided in the septic tank,
The purification unit includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members, and has a plurality of bent flow paths through which water to be purified to be purified in the purification tank flows.
The plate-like photocatalyst member has a plate-like light emitter capable of surface light emission, and a photocatalyst layer provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter,
The photocatalyst layer constitutes an inner wall of the flow path ,
The purification unit is configured such that the strip-shaped plate-like photocatalyst members arranged in parallel in the vertical direction and the strip-like photocatalyst members arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction are alternately arranged. water purification apparatus characterized by have a stacked structure in. The purification unit in a plan view from a direction which is stacked with the plate-like photocatalytic member, according to claim 1 having the plate-like photocatalyst member is arranged without a gap structure. A septic tank, and a purification unit provided in the septic tank,
The purification unit includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members, and has a plurality of bent flow paths through which water to be purified to be purified in the purification tank flows.
The plate-like photocatalyst member has a plate-like light emitter capable of surface light emission, and a photocatalyst layer provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter,
The photocatalyst layer constitutes an inner wall of the flow path ,
A light source part provided so as to be able to irradiate the side surface of the plate-like light emitter,
The plate-like light emitter is a light guide plate,
The plate-like photocatalyst member includes a first photocatalyst layer provided on one surface of the plate-like light emitter, a reflection layer provided on the other surface of the plate-like light emitter, and an upper surface of the reflection layer. And a second photocatalyst layer provided so as to be able to receive light . The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the light source unit includes a light emitting diode. The reflective layer has conductivity,
The apparatus according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the second photocatalytic layer is electrically connected to the reflective layer. A septic tank, and a purification unit provided in the septic tank,
The purification unit includes a plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members, and has a plurality of bent flow paths through which water to be purified to be purified in the purification tank flows.
The plate-like photocatalyst member has a plate-like light emitter capable of surface light emission, and a photocatalyst layer provided on at least one surface of the plate-like light emitter,
The photocatalyst layer constitutes an inner wall of the flow path ,
The plate-like light emitter includes a first electrode made of a conductor or a semiconductor, a translucent electrode, and an insulator layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the translucent electrode. has implanted atoms, the atom, the insulator layer and the water purification device, characterized in that have a concentration peak at the interface between the first electrode to the first electrode of within 500 nm. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the flow path has a plurality of branch points and a plurality of junction points. The apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the plate-like photocatalytic member has a strip shape or a lattice shape. The photocatalyst layer A device according to any one of the plate-like light emitter of claim 1-8 which are provided on both surfaces. The plurality of plate-like photocatalyst members include a first plate-like photocatalyst member and a second plate-like photocatalyst member provided to face the first plate-like photocatalyst member,
The photocatalyst layer included in the first plate-like photocatalyst member is provided to receive light emitted from the plate-like illuminant included in the second plate-like photocatalyst member, according to any one of claims 1 to 9 . apparatus. The plate-like light emitter is formed in a first electrode made of a conductor or a semiconductor, a translucent electrode, an insulator layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the translucent electrode, and the insulator layer. by apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 and a luminous body comprising Ge. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , wherein the photocatalyst layer has a particulate photocatalyst. The photocatalyst layer is made of TiO ₂ , SnO ₂ , WO ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , ZnO, Nb ₂ O ₅ , SrTiO ₃ , KTaO ₃ , ZrO ₂ , GaP, BiVO ₄ , Bi ₂ MoO ₆ , Ag ₃ PO ₄ . out device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 comprising at least one. The photocatalyst layer includes titanium oxide on which at least one metal is supported among Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, In, and Sn. 14. The apparatus according to any one of 13 . The septic tank and the purification unit A device according to any one of claims 1-14 having a structure purification unit including a part and the plate-like photocatalyst member of the septic tank is stacking. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising a third photocatalyst layer on the inner walls of the septic tank. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16 , further comprising a bubble generation unit that supplies bubbles containing oxygen or ozone into the water to be treated that is purified in the septic tank. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the bubbles are micro-nano bubbles. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 18 , further comprising an ultrasonic wave generation unit that irradiates the purification unit with ultrasonic waves.

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