JP5246473B2 - Musical sound generator and musical sound generation processing program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a musical sound generating apparatus and a musical sound generating processing program for realizing a retriggering method without unnaturalness when actually playing a wind instrument or a stringed musical instrument.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a musical sound generating device having a mono mode (solo function) that generates only a single sound is known. In the mono mode, when a plurality of keys are pressed at the same time, a sound is assigned to one key selected according to a predetermined priority from among the pressed keys. For this reason, if there is a new key press during sound generation, the current sound is muted and a new key press sound is generated, or the sound being generated is changed to the pitch of the key pressed. This is a so-called legato playing method. In addition, when a key is released and there are multiple other keys being pressed, a priority key (for example, the highest key among the pressed keys is selected). A key with a high pitch) is selected, and the sound of the selected priority key is re-sound, that is, so-called retrigger sounding. Note that a musical sound generating device that implements legato performance or retrigger sounding in mono mode (solo function) is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.

JP 2001-125572 A

By the way, the above-mentioned retrigger sounding simulates a rendition method that generates a sound with a different pitch by pressing the remaining finger when a finger at a certain position is released, that is, a retrigger method for natural or wind instruments. Can be considered. In fact, a wind instrument that produces sustained sound has a smooth pitch change with relatively little volume change, while a guitar that is a stringed instrument that produces attenuated sound has a finger pointing from the string to increase the re-sounding volume. A performance technique called pulling off, that is, an operation of releasing a string while playing it, is often used. The sound re-produced by the pull-off technique does not contain noise components like the well-known picking sound, but since it is released after pulling on the strings, it is known that the sound has a certain degree of attack. Yes.

  On the other hand, recent musical tone generators are often configured by a waveform memory reading system. As is well known, in the waveform memory reading method, the tone range is divided into several key ranges, sample waveforms (original waveform data) for each divided key range are prepared, A sample waveform (original waveform data) is read to form a musical tone. Therefore, if the retriggered sound and the previously sounded sound have the same key range during the retrigger sounding described above, the same sample waveform can be used as it is, but the retriggered sound and the sound sounded before that sound will be sounded. If the key range is different from the recorded sound, it is necessary to newly read a sample waveform of the key range including the sound that is retriggered to form a musical tone.

  In other words, when a retrigger sound generation operation is to be realized by a waveform memory reading type musical sound generator, it is necessary to restart each envelope generator for controlling the pitch, tone color and volume every time a retrigger sound is generated. However, if the envelope generator is restarted each time the retrigger sounds, the musical tone is formed as described above. It is impossible to obtain a sound with a unique attack feeling when playing a stringed instrument. After all, in other words, there is a problem that it is not possible to realize a retrigger method without unnaturalness that is actually playing a wind instrument or a stringed instrument.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a musical sound generating apparatus and a musical sound generating processing program capable of realizing a retriggering method without unnaturalness that is actually playing a wind instrument or a stringed instrument. It is intended to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a waveform storage means for dividing the sound generation range into a plurality of pitch ranges and storing waveform data for each divided pitch range , A detection means for detecting a second musical sound that is being instructed to generate a sound when a musical sound is instructed to be turned off, and each pitch of the first and second musical sounds when the second musical sound is detected by the detection means. Are included in different pitch ranges, the re-sounding in the first re-sounding mode is instructed. On the other hand, in the same pitch range, re-sounding in the second re-sounding mode is instructed Re-pronunciation instruction means, a first read start address for reading waveform data of the pitch range including the second musical tone from the waveform storage means under the first re-sound mode, and the second re-sound generation Read waveform data of the pitch range including the second musical tone from the waveform storage means under the mode. And a first read start address stored in the address storage means when a re-sound in the first re-sound mode is instructed. The first retrigger sounding means that retriggers the second musical sound formed by modulating the waveform data read from the waveform storage means with the first envelope waveform having a waveform level smaller than the normal envelope waveform, and the second When the re-sounding in the re-sounding mode is instructed, the waveform data read from the waveform storing unit according to the second reading start address stored in the address storing unit is smaller in waveform level than the normal envelope waveform. A second retrigger sounder that retriggers the second musical sound formed by modulating with the second envelope waveform Characterized by including and.

  In the invention according to claim 2 that is dependent on claim 1, when the detection means instructs to mute the first music sound, if there are a plurality of music sounds that are in the sound generation instruction, the detection means is the last of them. The musical tone instructed to be generated is detected as a second musical tone.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a waveform storage means for dividing a tone generation range into a plurality of pitch ranges and storing waveform data for each divided pitch range, and the waveform under a first re-sound generation mode. A first read start address for reading waveform data of the pitch range including the second musical tone from the storage means, and a pitch range including the second musical tone from the waveform storage means in the second re-sounding mode. Detection for detecting the second musical sound that is in the sound generation instruction when the computer having the address reading means for storing the second read start address for reading the waveform data is instructed to mute the first musical sound. and processing, if the second tone is detected by the detection process, re in the first re-sound mode if each pitch of the first and second tone may be included in different pitch ranges Instructs pronunciation, but is included in the same pitch range If the case where the re-sounding instruction process for instructing a re pronunciation in the second re-sound mode, re pronunciation in the first re-sound mode is instructed, the stored in said address storage means A first retrigger sound generation process that retriggers a second musical tone formed by modulating waveform data read from the waveform storage means in accordance with a read start address of 1 with a first envelope waveform having a waveform level smaller than the normal envelope waveform. When the re-sounding in the second re-sounding mode is instructed, the waveform data read from the waveform storing unit according to the second reading start address stored in the address storing unit is obtained from the normal envelope waveform. A second retrigger sound generation process that retriggers the second musical sound formed by modulating the second envelope waveform with a small waveform level. Characterized in that to execute and.

  In the present invention, it is possible to realize a retriggering method without unnaturalness that is actually playing a wind instrument or a stringed instrument.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A. Configuration (1) Overall Configuration FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a musical sound generating apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The musical sound generator 10 includes a keyboard 1, a MIDI interface 2, a switch unit 3, a CPU 4, a ROM 5, a RAM 6, a sound source 7, a D / A converter (DAC) 8, and a sound system 9. The keyboard 1 generates performance information composed of a key-on / key-off signal, a key number, velocity, and the like corresponding to a press / release key operation (performance operation). The MIDI interface 2 exchanges MIDI data with an external MIDI device such as a MIDI keyboard under the control of the CPU 4.

The switch unit 3 includes various switches such as a timbre selection switch for selecting a tone color of a generated musical tone in addition to a power switch for powering on / off the apparatus power source, and generates a switch event of a type corresponding to the operation of the switch. To do. The CPU 4 sets the operating state of each part of the apparatus based on various switch events supplied from the switch part 3, and also provides performance information supplied from the keyboard 1 (or MIDI data supplied from an external MIDI apparatus via the MIDI interface 2). ) To instruct the sound source 7 to generate a musical tone. Further, the CPU 4 controls the sound source 7 so as to realize a retrigger method without unnaturalness that is actually playing a wind instrument or a stringed instrument, and details thereof will be described later.

The ROM 5 stores various control programs and control data that are loaded into the CPU 4. The various control programs referred to here include a main routine, envelope processing, note-on processing, and note-off processing, which will be described later. The RAM 6 is used as a work area for the CPU 4 and temporarily stores various register / flag data. Here, the configuration of main registers provided in the RAM 6 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, the register new_key temporarily stores the key number of the key newly pressed or released from the keyboard 1. In the register current_key, the key number that is currently sounding is temporarily stored. Note that in the silent state, “−1” is stored in the register current_key. In the register key_status [key_number], a value indicating the key on / off state of the key number key_number (on when “1”, off when “0”) is temporarily stored.

  The register current_mode temporarily stores a value indicating the tone generation mode of the tone currently being generated. In this embodiment, “0” represents the normal sound generation mode, “1” represents the different split retrigger sound generation mode, and “2” represents the split retrigger sound generation mode. The purpose of these pronunciation modes will be described later. The register start_address [current_mode] stores a waveform readout start address specified by the value of the register current_mode indicating the current sound generation mode.

That is, if the value of the register current_mode is “0”, the normal reading start address (see FIG. 7) stored in the register start_address [0] is designated. In the different split retrigger sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “1”, the different split retrigger read start address (see FIG. 7) stored in the register start_address [1] is designated. In the same split / retrigger sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “2”, the read start address for the same split / retrigger stored in the register start_address [2] (see FIG. 7) is designated. Note that the purpose of each address shown in FIG. 7 will be described later.

  The register osc_env_level [current_mode] [break_point] stores the level value of the envelope waveform supplied to the waveform generator 75 described later. The level value is defined by the value of the register current_mode (current sounding mode value) and the breakpoint break_point.

Breakpoints break_point are values “0” to “5” representing the waveform steps L0 to L5 in the ADSR type envelope. The envelope waveform step in this embodiment is defined as shown in FIG. 6, for example. That is, the waveform step L0 indicates the level of the initial point (at the time of key-on). Waveform step L1 indicates the level of the first attack break point. Waveform step L2 refers to the level of the second attack break point. Waveform step L3 indicates a sustain level. Waveform step L4 refers to the level of the first release break point. Waveform step L5 refers to the level of the second release break point.

  The register osc_env_rate [current_mode] [break_point] stores the rate value of the envelope waveform supplied to the waveform generator 75 described later. The rate value is defined by the value of the register current_mode (current sounding mode value) and the breakpoint break_point.

Breakpoints break_point are values “1” to “5” representing the waveform steps R1 to R5 in the ADSR type envelope. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, each of the waveform steps R1 to R5 includes a waveform step R1 from the waveform step L0 to the waveform step L1, a waveform step R2 from the waveform step L1 to the waveform step L2, and the waveform step L2. The section from the waveform step L3 is the waveform step R3, the section from the waveform step L3 to the waveform step L4 is the waveform step R4, and the section from the waveform step L4 to the waveform step L5 is the waveform step R5.

In the register osc_env_step, a value indicating a step state of an envelope waveform supplied to a waveform generator 75 described later, that is, values “0” to “5” of the waveform steps L0 to L5 specified by the breakpoint break_point described above are temporarily stored. Remembered.

The register filter_env_level [current_mode] [break_point] stores the level value of the envelope waveform supplied to the filter 77 described later. The level value is defined by the value of the register current_mode (current sounding mode value) and the breakpoint break_point. Breakpoints break_point are values “0” to “5” representing the waveform steps L0 to L5 in the ADSR type envelope.

  The register filter_env_rate [current_mode] [break_point] stores the rate value of the envelope waveform supplied to the filter 77 described later. The rate value is defined by the value of the register current_mode (current sounding mode value) and the breakpoint break_point. Breakpoints break_point are values “1” to “5” representing the waveform steps R1 to R5 in the ADSR type envelope.

The register filter_env_step temporarily stores a value representing the step state of the envelope waveform supplied to the filter 77 described later, that is, the values “0” to “5” of the waveform steps L0 to L5 specified by the breakpoint break_point described above. The

The register amp_env_level [current_mode] [break_point] stores the level value of the envelope waveform supplied to the amplifier 79 described later. The level value is defined by the value of the register current_mode (current sounding mode value) and the breakpoint break_point. Breakpoints break_point are values “0” to “5” representing the waveform steps L0 to L5 in the ADSR type envelope.

  A register amp_env_rate [current_mode] [break_point] stores a rate value of an envelope waveform supplied to an amplifier 79 described later. The rate value is defined by the value of the register current_mode (current sounding mode value) and the breakpoint break_point. Breakpoints break_point are values “1” to “5” representing the waveform steps R1 to R5 in the ADSR type envelope.

The register amp_env_step temporarily stores a value representing a step state of an envelope waveform supplied to the amplifier 79 described later, that is, values “0” to “5” of the waveform steps L0 to L5 specified by the breakpoint break_point described above. The

  Next, the configuration of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 again. In FIG. 1, the sound source 7 is configured by a well-known waveform memory reading method, and outputs tone data W of tone color, pitch and volume specified by parameters supplied from the CPU 4. The D / A converter 8 converts the musical sound data W output from the sound source 7 into an analog musical signal and outputs it. The sound system 9 performs filtering such as removing unnecessary noise from the musical sound signal output from the D / A converter 8, and then amplifies it to make it sound from the speaker.

(2) Configuration of Sound Source 7 Next, the configuration of the sound source 7 will be described with reference to FIG. The sound source 7 is composed of a known DSP. Therefore, FIG. 3 illustrates functional blocks in which each function of the microprogram executed in the DSP is regarded as a hardware image.

In FIG. 3, the EG 70 responds to parameters given from the CPU 4, that is, a level value stored in the above-described register osc_env_level [current_mode] [break_point] and a rate value stored in the register osc_env_rate [current_mode] [break_point]. Generates an envelope waveform for pitch control.

Specifically, the normal envelope waveform is used in the normal sound generation mode where the value of the register current_mode is “0”, and the different split retrigger sound mode is used in the different split retrigger sound mode where the value of the register current_mode is “1”. In the same split / retrigger sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “2”, the same split / retrigger / envelope waveform is generated.

  As described above, retrigger sounding means that when a key is released, if there is another key being pressed, a priority key (for example, the key being pressed) The key that has the highest pitch in the list) is selected, and the sound of the selected priority key is re-played. Are in the same split / retrigger sound generation mode, and when the sound that is sounded by retrigger is different from the sound that was sounded before, the different split / retrigger sound generation mode is set.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of “normal envelope waveform”, “different split / retrigger envelope waveform”, and “same split / retrigger envelope waveform” generated by the EG 70. In the example shown in this figure, the waveform level is set smaller than the normal envelope waveform in order to reduce the pitch change during retrigger sounding. Since the same split / retrigger envelope waveform uses the same key range sample waveform (original waveform data), the level change is larger than the different split / retrigger envelope waveform that uses a different key range sample waveform. is there.

In FIG. 4, L0 to L5 represent waveform steps specified by the breakpoint break_point of the register osc_env_level [current_mode] [break_point] described above. R1 to R5 represent waveform steps specified by the breakpoint break_point of the register osc_env_rate [current_mode] [break_point] described above.

In FIG. 3, the adder 73 adds the envelope waveform for pitch control output from the EG 70 to the pitch data supplied from the CPU 4 and supplies the result to the waveform generator 75. The waveform memory 74 stores a sample waveform (original waveform data) for each key range. The sample waveform for each key range is provided with a read start address for each sound generation mode, as shown in FIG.

That is, in the normal sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “0”, the sample waveform is read from the normal read start address. In the different split retrigger sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “1”, the sample waveform is read from the read start address for different split retrigger. In the same split / retrigger sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “2”, the sample waveform is read from the read start address for the same split / retrigger.

  The reason for providing the read start address for each sound generation mode is as follows. In the retrigger sounding, the attack sound is smaller than that in the normal sounding. Therefore, the read start address is set after the attack region which is the rising portion of the sample waveform. In the case of the example shown in FIG. 7, since the same retrigger sound uses the same key range sample waveform, the readout start including the attack portion is different from the different split retrigger sound using the different key range sample waveform. The address is set.

The waveform generator 75 reads the sample waveform (original waveform data) from the waveform memory 74 according to the parameter supplied from the CPU 4, that is, the read start address specified by the register start_address [current_mode], according to the output of the adder 73. Read with. As a result, waveform data of the specified pitch is generated.

The EG 71 uses the color control according to the parameter given from the CPU 4, that is, the level value stored in the register filter_env_level [current_mode] [break_point] and the rate value stored in the register filter_env_rate [current_mode] [break_point]. Generate an envelope waveform (for cut-off frequency control).

Specifically, the normal envelope waveform is used in the normal sound generation mode where the value of the register current_mode is “0”, and the different split retrigger sound mode is used in the different split retrigger sound mode where the value of the register current_mode is “1”. In the same split / retrigger sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “2”, the same split / retrigger / envelope waveform is generated.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a “normal envelope waveform”, “different split / retrigger envelope waveform”, and “same split / retrigger envelope waveform” generated by the EG 71. In the example shown in this figure, the waveform level is set smaller than the normal envelope waveform in order to reduce the timbre change during retrigger sounding. Since the same split / retrigger envelope waveform uses the same key range sample waveform (original waveform data), the level change is larger than the different split / retrigger envelope waveform that uses a different key range sample waveform. is there.

In FIG. 5, L0 to L5 represent waveform steps designated by the breakpoint break_point of the register filter_env_level [mode] [break_point] described above. R1 to R5 represent waveform steps specified by the breakpoint break_point of the register filter_env_rate [mode] [break_point] described above.

In FIG. 3, the adder 76 adds the tone waveform control envelope waveform output from the EG 71 to the cutoff frequency designation data supplied from the CPU 4 and supplies the result to the filter 77. The filter 77 is composed of a well-known DCF (digital control filter), and modulates the cut-off frequency of the DCF in accordance with the output of the adder 76 to change the low-pass characteristic, thereby outputting from the waveform generator 75 in the previous stage. The timbre change is given to the waveform data.

The EG 72 is used for volume control in accordance with a parameter given from the CPU 4, that is, a level value stored in the register amp_env_level [current_mode] [break_point] and a rate value stored in the register amp_env_rate [current_mode] [break_point]. Generate an envelope waveform.

Specifically, the normal envelope waveform is used in the normal sound generation mode where the value of the register current_mode is “0”, and the different split retrigger sound mode is used in the different split retrigger sound mode where the value of the register current_mode is “1”. In the same split / retrigger sound generation mode in which the value of the register current_mode is “2”, the same split / retrigger / envelope waveform is generated.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of “normal envelope waveform”, “different split / retrigger envelope waveform”, and “same split / retrigger envelope waveform” generated by the EG 72. In the example shown in this figure, the waveform level is set smaller than the normal envelope waveform in order to reduce the volume change during retrigger sounding. Since the same split / retrigger envelope waveform uses the same key range sample waveform (original waveform data), the level change is larger than the different split / retrigger envelope waveform that uses a different key range sample waveform. is there.

In FIG. 3, the adder 78 adds the envelope waveform for volume control output from the EG 72 to the volume data supplied from the CPU 4 and supplies the result to the amplifier 79. The amplifier 79 variably controls the amplification factor in accordance with the output of the adder 78, changes the volume of the waveform data supplied from the previous filter 77, and generates the musical sound data W.

B. Operation Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, after describing the operation of the main routine executed by the CPU 4 as the overall operation, the operations of envelope processing executed every predetermined period by timer interruption, note-on processing and note-off processing called from the main routine will be described. .

(1) Operation of Main Routine FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the main routine executed by the CPU 4. When the tone generator 10 having the above-described configuration is powered on, the CPU 4 proceeds to step SA1 of the main routine shown in FIG. 8 to reset various registers / flags stored in the RAM 6 and to set initial values. In addition, initialization for instructing the sound source 7 to initialize various register flags is executed.

When the initialization is completed, the process proceeds to step SA2, and a switch process corresponding to the switch operation of the switch unit 3 is performed. In this switch processing, for example, a parameter for generating a musical tone of a timbre selected by operating the timbre selection switch, for example, data for specifying a sample waveform (original waveform data) of the selected timbre, or a cutoff frequency of the filter 77 is specified. The data to be performed is set in the sound source 7. Next, in step SA3, it is determined whether or not there is a key event. If no key release operation is performed on the keyboard 1, and no key event occurs, the process returns to step SA2.

On the other hand, when a key-on event occurs due to the key depression of the keyboard 1, a note-on process (described later) is executed via step SA4, and then the process returns to step SA2. If a key-off event occurs due to the release of the keyboard 1, the process proceeds to step SA 5, where the musical sound produced at the pitch of the released key is muted, and the retrigger sound is instructed to the sound source 7. After executing the off process, the process returns to step SA2. Thereafter, the above steps SA2 to SA5 are repeated until the musical tone generator 10 is powered off.

(2) Operation of Envelope Processing FIGS. 9 to 10 are flowcharts showing the operation of envelope processing executed by the CPU 4 at predetermined intervals by a timer interrupt. At the interrupt timing, the CPU 4 first sets a target level value and a target rate value in the EG 70 (see FIG. 3) in steps SB1 to SB5 shown in FIG. 9, and instructs generation of an envelope waveform for pitch control.

Subsequently, in steps SB6 to SB10, a target level value and a target rate value are set in the EG 71 to instruct generation of an envelope waveform for timbre control (for cut-off frequency control). In steps SB11 to SB15 shown in FIG. 10, a target level value and a target rate value are set in the EG 72 to generate a volume control envelope waveform. The following description is divided into operations for each envelope waveform for controlling the pitch, tone color, and volume respectively.

<Generation of envelope waveform for pitch control>
In step SB1, it is determined whether or not the target level value of the EG 70 is “0”. If the target level value is “0”, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SB6, which will be described later. If the target level value is not “0”, the determination result in step SB1 is “NO”. Proceed to SB2. In step SB2, it is determined whether or not the step value stored in the register osc_env_step is “3”, that is, whether or not the sustain state is set. If it is in the sustain state, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to Step SB6 described later. However, if it is not in the sustain state, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to the next Step SB3.

  In step SB3, it is determined whether or not the step value stored in the register osc_env_step is “5”, that is, the second release break point (final state). If it is the final state, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SB6, which will be described later. However, if it is not the final state, the determination result is “YES”, the process proceeds to the next step SB4, and is stored in the register osc_env_step. Increment the step value.

  Next, in step SB5, the level value specified by the value stored in the register current_mode and indicating the current sound generation mode and the step value of the register osc_env_step advanced in step SB4 is stored in the register osc_env_level [current_mode] [ osc_env_step] and set this to the target level value of the EG 70.

In step SB5, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value of the register osc_env_step stepped in step SB4 is read from the register osc_env_rate [current_mode] [osc_env_step], and this is read out from the EG70. Set to the target rate value. As a result, the EG 70 generates an envelope waveform that changes according to the target rate value until the target level value is reached from the current level value.

<Generation of envelope waveform for timbre control (for cut-off frequency control)>
In step SB6, it is determined whether or not the target level value of the EG 71 is “0”. If the target level value is “0”, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SB11 (described later) shown in FIG. 10, but if the target level value is not “0”, the determination result of step SB6 above. Becomes “NO” and the flow proceeds to Step SB7. In step SB7, it is determined whether or not the step value stored in the register filter_env_step is “3”, that is, the sustain state. If it is in the sustain state, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to Step SB11 described later. If it is not in the sustain state, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to the next Step SB8.

  In step SB8, it is determined whether or not the step value stored in the register filter_env_step is “5”, that is, the second release break point (final state). If it is the final state, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SB11, which will be described later. If it is not the final state, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to the next step SB9 and is stored in the register filter_env_step. Increment the step value.

  Next, in step SB10, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value of the register filter_env_step advanced in step SB9 is read from the register filter_env_level [current_mode] [osc_env_step], and this is read out from the EG71. Set to the target level value.

In step SB10, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value of the register filter_env_step advanced in step SB9 is read from the register filter_env_rate [current_mode] [osc_env_step], and is read from the EG71. Set to the target rate value. As a result, the EG 71 generates an envelope waveform that changes according to the target rate value until the target level value is reached from the current level value.

<Generation operation of envelope waveform for volume control>
In step SB11 shown in FIG. 10, it is determined whether or not the target level value of the EG 72 is “0”. If the target level value is “0”, the determination result is “YES”, and this process is completed. If the target level value is not “0”, the determination result in step SB11 is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SB12. move on. In step SB12, it is determined whether or not the step value stored in the register amp_env_step is “3”, that is, the sustain state is not set. If it is in the sustain state, the determination result is “NO”, and this process ends. If it is not in the sustain state, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to the next step SB13.

  In step SB13, it is determined whether or not the step value stored in the register amp_env_step is “5”, that is, the second release break point (final state). If it is in the final state, the determination result is “NO”, and this process is completed. If it is not in the final state, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to the next step SB14 and is stored in the register amp_env_step. Increment value to step.

  Next, in step SB15, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value of the register amp_env_step stepped in step SB14 is read from the register amp_env_level [current_mode] [osc_env_step], and this is read out from the EG72. Set to the target level value.

In step SB15, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value of the register amp_env_step advanced in step SB14 is read from the register amp_env_rate [current_mode] [osc_env_step], and this is read out. Set to the target rate value. As a result, the EG 72 generates an envelope waveform that changes according to the target rate value until the target level value is reached from the current level value.

(3) Operation of Note On Process FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of the note on process. When this process is executed through step SA4 (see FIG. 8) of the main routine described above, the CPU 4 proceeds to step SC1 shown in FIG. 11, and stores the key number of the key that has been pressed in the register new_key. When a plurality of keys are pressed at the same time, sound assignment is performed with priority on later arrival, and the key number of the sound assigned key is stored in the register new_key. Subsequently, in step SC2, “1” is stored in the register key_status [new_key] specified by the key number stored in the register new_key. This indicates that the newly pressed key is set to the on state.

  Next, in step SC3, it is determined whether or not the value of the register current_key is “−1”, that is, whether or not there is no sound that is currently being sounded. If no sound is generated, the determination result is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to Step SC5 described later. On the other hand, if there is a musical tone that is sounding, the determination result in step SC3 is “NO”, the process proceeds to step SC4, the sound source 7 is instructed to stop the musical sound being pronounced, and then the process proceeds to step SC5 to register register_mode. “0” is stored in to indicate the normal sound generation mode.

  In step SC6, the contents of the register new_key, that is, the key number of the pressed key is stored in the register current_key. Subsequently, in step SC7, the normal read address is read from the register start_address [current_mode] specified by the value of the register current_mode and set in the waveform generator 75. In step SC8, pitch data corresponding to the key number of the register current_key is set in the waveform generator 75.

  Next, in step SC9, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “0” is read from the register osc_env_level [current_mode] [0] and set to the current level value of the EG 70. In step SC10, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register osc_env_level [current_mode] [1] and set to the target level value of the EG 70.

In step SC11, a filter coefficient (cutoff frequency designation data) corresponding to the tone color of the generated musical tone is set in the filter 77 as an initial value. Subsequently, in step SC12, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “0” is read from the register filter_env_level [current_mode] [0] and set to the current level value of the EG 71. In step SC13, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register filter_env_level [current_mode] [1] and set to the target level value of the EG 71.

In step SC14, a multiplication coefficient (amplification factor) corresponding to the tone color of the generated musical tone is set in the amplifier 79 as an initial value. Subsequently, in step SC15, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “0” is read from the register amp_env_level [current_mode] [0] and set to the current level value of the EG 72. In step SC16, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register amp_env_level [current_mode] [1] and set to the target level value of the EG 72.

  When the current level value and the target level value of each of the EGs 70 to 72 are thus set, the process proceeds to step SC17 to instruct the waveform generator 75 to start waveform reading. As a result, the waveform generator 75 reads the sample waveform (original waveform data) from the normal read address (see FIG. 7) of the waveform memory 74 according to the read speed corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key.

  Next, in step SC18, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register osc_env_rate [current_mode] [1] and set to the target rate value of the EG 70. As a result, the EG 70 generates an envelope waveform for pitch control that changes according to the target rate value until the target level value is reached from the current level value.

  Subsequently, in step SC19, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register filter_env_rate [current_mode] [1] and set to the target rate value of the EG 71. As a result, the EG 71 generates a tone color control envelope waveform that changes in accordance with the target rate value until the target level value is reached from the current level value.

  Then, in step SC20, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register amp_env_rate [current_mode] [1] and set to the target rate value of the EG 72, and this process ends. As a result, the EG 72 generates an envelope waveform for volume control that changes according to the target rate value until the target level value is reached from the current level value.

  As described above, after the EGs 70 to 72 start to generate envelope waveforms for controlling the pitch, tone color, and volume, the progress of each envelope waveform is controlled by the envelope processing described above.

(4) Operation of Note Off Process FIGS. 12 to 13 are flowcharts showing the operation of the note off process. When this process is executed through step SA5 (see FIG. 8) of the main routine described above, the CPU 4 proceeds to step SD1 shown in FIG. 12, stores the key number of the released key in the register new_key, In the subsequent step SD2, “0” is stored in the register key_status [new_key] specified by the key number stored in the register new_key. This indicates that the newly released key is set to the off state.

Next, in step SD3, it is determined whether or not the value of the register current_key is “−1”, that is, whether or not there is no tone that is currently being generated. If there is no sound, the determination result is “YES” and the process is terminated. On the other hand, if there is a musical tone being sounded, the determination result in step SD3 is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SD4.

In steps SD4 to SD6, the key number of the register key_status [i] = 1, that is, the key number i being pressed is searched while the pointer i is incremented from “0” to “127”. When the key number i being pressed is searched, the determination result in step SD5 is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to step SD7. When a plurality of key numbers being pressed are searched, the key number having the highest pitch among them is preferentially selected. If the key number being pressed is not searched and the pointer i is incremented to “127”, the process proceeds to step SD7 via step SD6 (loop end).

  In step SD7, it is determined whether or not the pointer i is “128”, that is, whether or not the key number being pressed could not be retrieved. If the key number being depressed cannot be retrieved, the determination result is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to step SD8. In step SD8, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “4” is read from the register osc_env_level [current_mode] [4] and is set to the target level value of the EG 70, from the register filter_env_level [current_mode] [4]. Read out and set to the target level value of the EG 71, read from the register amp_env_level [current_mode] [4], and set to the target level value of the EG 72.

  Next, in step SD9, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “4” is read from the register osc_env_rate [current_mode] [4] and is set to the target rate value of the EG 70, and the register filter_env_rate [current_mode] [4 ] Is read out from the register amp_env_rate [current_mode] [4] and set as the target rate value of the EG 72, and the process ends.

  On the other hand, if the determination result in step SD7 is “NO”, that is, if the key number i being pressed can be retrieved, the process proceeds to step SD10 shown in FIG. In step SD10, the sound source 7 is instructed to mute the musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the key number of the key that has been released and stored in the register new_key, and the key pressed during the key depression searched in steps SD4 to SD6 above. The key number i is stored in the register new_key as the key number for generating the retrigger.

  Next, in step SD11, it is determined whether or not the key number of the released key and the key number i stored in the register new_key are in the same key range. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, in the key range 2 divided into one octave, “1” (F4 sound), “2” (B4 sound) are pressed in this order, and “2” (B4 sound) is pressed. When the key is released, retrigger sounding is performed in the same key range, so the determination result in step SD11 is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SD12, and the value “2” representing the split retrigger sounding mode is registered. Store in current_mode.

  On the other hand, for example, “1” (F4 sound) of key range 2 shown in FIG. 14 and “3” (E3 sound) of key range 3 are pressed in this order, and “3” (E3 sound) of key range 3 is pressed. When the key is released, retrigger sounding is performed in a different key range, so the determination result in step SD11 is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SD13 to set the value “1” representing the different split / retrigger sounding mode. Store in the register current_mode.

  When the split retrigger sound generation mode (or different split retrigger sound generation mode) is determined in this way, the process proceeds to step SD14, and the key number i that generates the retrigger of the register new_key is stored in the register current_key. In step SD15, if the value of the register current_mode is “2”, the read start address for split retrigger (see FIG. 7) is read from the register start_address [current_mode] and set in the waveform generator 75. On the other hand, if the value of the register current_mode is “1”, the read start address for different split retrigger (see FIG. 7) is read from the register start_address [current_mode] and set in the waveform generator 75.

  In step SD15, pitch data stored in the register current_key and corresponding to the key number to be retriggered is set in the waveform generator 75. Further, in step SD15, the value of the register current_mode, that is, a value indicating the same split / retrigger sound generation mode (or different split / retrigger sound generation mode) and a level value specified by the step value “0” are stored in the register osc_env_level [current_mode]. [0] is read and set to the current level value of the EG 70, and the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register osc_env_level [current_mode] [1] to be the target level of the EG 70 Set to value.

  Next, in step SD16, a filter coefficient (cutoff frequency designation data) corresponding to the tone color of the generated musical tone is set in the filter 77 as an initial value, and the level designated by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “0”. The value is read from the register filter_env_level [current_mode] [0] and set to the current level value of the EG 71. In step SD16, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register filter_env_level [current_mode] [1] and set to the target level value of the EG 71.

Next, in step SD17, the multiplication coefficient (amplification factor) corresponding to the tone color of the generated musical tone is set as an initial value in the amplifier 79, and the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “0” is set in the register. Read from amp_env_level [current_mode] [0] and set to the current level value of EG72. In step SD17, the level value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register amp_env_level [current_mode] [1] and set to the target level value of the EG 72.

  Subsequently, in step SD18, the waveform generator 75 is instructed to start waveform reading, and the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register osc_env_rate [current_mode] [1]. Set to the target rate value of EG70. In step SD18, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register filter_env_rate [current_mode] [1] and set to the target rate value of the EG 71. Further, in step SD18, the rate value specified by the value of the register current_mode and the step value “1” is read from the register amp_env_rate [current_mode] [1] and set to the target rate value of the EG 72, and the process is terminated.

  As described above, in this embodiment, if there is a key being pressed when the key is released, it is determined whether the released key and the key being pressed are in the same key range or different key ranges. . If the released key and the key being pressed are in the same key range, the same split / retrigger sounding mode is set. On the other hand, if the key range is different, the different split / retrigger sounding mode is set.

  When the split retrigger sound generation mode is set, the sample waveform (original waveform data) is read from the read start address for split retrigger in the waveform memory 74 at a reading speed corresponding to the pitch of the key being pressed. Is read out, and the read sample waveform is modulated with the split retrigger envelope waveform to form a musical sound and generate a retrigger sound. On the other hand, when the different split / retrigger sound generation mode is set, the sample waveform (original waveform) is read from the read start address for different split / retrigger in the waveform memory 74 at a reading speed corresponding to the pitch of the key being pressed. Data), and re-sounds by generating a musical sound that is obtained by modulating the read sample waveform with a different split / retrigger / envelope waveform.

  In other words, when retriggering is sounded, the envelope waveform used for tone generation differs depending on whether the key released and the key being pressed are in the same key range, or the reading start position of the sample waveform is changed. As a result, it is possible to obtain a sound with a smooth pitch change that does not change relatively like when playing a wind instrument, and a unique attack feeling when playing a stringed instrument represented by a guitar. It becomes possible to realize a retriggering method free from the unnaturalness of actually playing a stringed instrument.

  In the above-described embodiment, when a plurality of keys being pressed are searched for when a key is released, the key with the highest pitch among them is selected as the key for retriggering, but this is not limitative. Alternatively, a mode in which the last key pressed among keys that have been pressed may be selected as a key that generates retriggers.

It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the musical tone generator 10 which is one Embodiment of this invention. 3 is a memory map showing a configuration of main registers provided in a RAM 6; 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a sound source 7. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope waveform output from EG70. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope waveform output from EG71. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope waveform output from EG72. It is a figure which shows the normal read start address of the sample waveform memorize | stored in the waveform memory 74, the read start address for the same split retrigger, and the read start address for different split retriggers. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main routine which CPU4 performs. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the envelope process which CPU4 performs. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the envelope process which CPU4 performs. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the note-on process which CPU4 performs. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the note-off process which CPU4 performs. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the note-off process which CPU4 performs. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of a note-off process.

Explanation of symbols

1 Keyboard 2 MIDI Interface 3 Switch 4 CPU
5 ROM
6 RAM
7 Sound source 8 D / A converter 9 Sound system

Claims (3)

Waveform storage means for dividing the pronunciation range into a plurality of pitch ranges and storing waveform data for each divided pitch range;
Detecting means for detecting the second musical sound that is being instructed to generate sound when instructing to mute the first musical sound;
When the second musical tone is detected by the detecting means, if the pitches of the first and second musical sounds are included in different pitch ranges, the re-sounding in the first re-sounding mode is instructed. On the other hand, when included in the same pitch range, a re-sounding instruction means for instructing re-sounding in the second re-sound mode
A first read start address for reading waveform data of a pitch range including a second musical tone from the waveform storage means under the first re-sounding mode, and the waveform storage under the second re-sounding mode. Address storage means for storing a second readout start address for reading out waveform data of the pitch range including the second musical tone from the means;
When re-sounding in the first re-sounding mode is instructed, the waveform data read from the waveform storing unit according to the first reading start address stored in the address storing unit is set to a waveform level higher than the normal envelope waveform. First retrigger sounding means for retriggering a second musical tone formed by modulating with a small first envelope waveform;
When re-sounding in the second re-sounding mode is instructed, the waveform data read from the waveform storing unit according to the second reading start address stored in the address storing unit is set to be more waveform than the normal envelope waveform. A musical tone generator comprising: second retrigger sound generation means for retriggering a second musical sound formed by modulating with a second envelope waveform having a low level .   The detection means detects a musical tone that is instructed to be sounded last as a second musical tone when there are a plurality of musical sounds that are being instructed to be pronounced when the silence of the first musical tone is instructed. The musical tone generator according to claim 1. Waveform storage means for dividing the pronunciation range into a plurality of pitch ranges and storing waveform data for each divided pitch range, and including the second musical sound from the waveform storage means in the first re-sounding mode A first read start address for reading the waveform data of the pitch range, and a second for reading the waveform data of the pitch range including the second musical tone from the waveform storage means under the second re-sounding mode. An address storage means for storing a read start address;
A detection process for detecting a second musical sound that is in the sound generation instruction when the mute of the first musical sound is instructed;
When the second musical sound is detected by the detection process, an instruction re pronunciation in the first re-sound mode if each pitch of the first and second tone may be included in different pitch ranges and, on the other hand, the re-sounding instruction process for instructing a re pronunciation in the second re-sound mode when included in the same pitch range,
When re-sounding in the first re-sounding mode is instructed, the waveform data read from the waveform storing unit according to the first reading start address stored in the address storing unit is set to a waveform level higher than the normal envelope waveform. A first retrigger sound generation process that retriggers a second musical tone formed by modulating with a first envelope waveform having a small
When re-sounding in the second re-sounding mode is instructed, the waveform data read from the waveform storing unit according to the second reading start address stored in the address storing unit is set to be more waveform than the normal envelope waveform. A second retrigger sound generation process that retriggers a second musical tone formed by modulating with a second envelope waveform having a low level;
Tone generating processing program for causing the execution.

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