JP5245504B2 - Batting operation detection device and batting operation detection program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a batting operation detection device and a batting operation detection program for detecting a batting operation applied to a control operator. In particular, it is suitable for use in an electronic drum, an electronic stick, or the like that generates a musical sound signal by detecting a striking operation using a control operator as a performance operator.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a performance operator of an electronic musical instrument called an electronic drum or pad operator, a percussion instrument sound is generated by detecting a hitting operation by a player.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a conventional batting operation detection device. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a vibration sensor such as a piezoelectric element, which detects the vibration of the performance operator and outputs a vibration waveform. Reference numeral 2 denotes a sensor amplifier that amplifies the output waveform of the vibration sensor 1 and supplies power necessary for operating the vibration sensor 1.
Reference numeral 81 denotes an envelope output circuit that outputs an envelope of a vibration waveform. For example, an integration circuit is connected to a half-wave rectifier circuit or a full-wave rectifier circuit, and an envelope (envelope) connecting peak points (peak values) in each cycle of the rectified waveform is output.
Reference numeral 83 denotes a 1-chip microcomputer LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit), which includes an A / D converter (analog to digital conversion) 4, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 82, and the like, and an impact event (maximum amplitude of the envelope, impact) (Timing) is output in real time, and is connected to the sound source device.

FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the conventional batting operation detecting device shown in FIG. FIG. 10A shows a vibration waveform 91 output from the vibration sensor 1. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the relationship between the envelope 93 of the vibration waveform 91 and the threshold value 94.
The vibration waveform 91 becomes an envelope 93 of the full-wave rectified waveform 92 in the envelope output circuit 81 and is output to the A / D converter 4. The CPU 82 periodically reads the A / D converted envelope 93 and detects a hitting event. The time point when the maximum amplitude value of the envelope 93 is detected is set as the timing of the hitting event.

However, the vibration waveform generated by the striking operation is complicated. If the vibration sensor 1 picks up all the vibrations of the hitting surface, it also picks up higher harmonics. There are divided vibrations depending on the shape of the striking surface. When the hitting surface is large, the peak is repeatedly generated by reflection. In addition, depending on the vibration sensor 1, the vibration waveform continues for a long time or harmonic distortion occurs, which further complicates the vibration waveform.
As a result, a peak may occur incidentally even after the first peak due to the hitting operation has occurred. In this case, a plurality of hitting events are output continuously. As a result, the same musical sound waveform is generated in a short time, and fading occurs, so that there is a problem that a percussion instrument sound of an unpleasant tone is generated. Further, since the sound source device assigns a sound generation channel for each hitting event, there is also a problem that the maximum number of sound generation channels of the sound source is wasted.
Further, when a plurality of performance operators are arranged close to each other, there is a problem of so-called “jumping vibration” (excitation). When the vibration of one performance operator is transmitted to the other performance operators, a hitting event is output even though there is no hitting operation in the other performance operators (see Patent Documents 2 and 3).

Therefore, by setting an appropriate threshold value 94, it is determined that the peak exceeding the threshold value 94 is the second hit operation actually operated. However, unless the threshold value 94 is dynamically changed, a subsequent small hitting operation cannot be detected.
Several methods are known as methods for dynamically generating the threshold 94.

In Patent Document 1, the moving average of the A / D conversion value of the amplitude (instantaneous value) of the envelope is taken, and the threshold value is compared with the current A / D conversion value with the value twice or 1.5 times as the threshold value. When the current A / D conversion value exceeds the threshold value, the signal level stabilizes and the value that has reached the maximum level is acquired. .
However, since the moving average is calculated every A / D conversion cycle, it is necessary to use a CPU 82 having a high arithmetic processing capability.

In Patent Document 2, a coefficient for generating a threshold value (self-vibration detection data) that changes according to a natural attenuation curve is stored as a table. When the peak of the envelope is detected, the threshold is generated by reading the coefficient from the above table according to the peak value, and when the current peak value exceeds the threshold, the pad (performance controller) is operated. To detect.
However, since the threshold characteristic is fixed, it cannot be handled if the performance operator is replaced.

  In addition, Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above detect a striking operation for an envelope. However, the envelope output circuit 81 includes an integration circuit. Therefore, for a performance operator that outputs a vibration waveform with a fast decay, unless the time constant is shortened, an output that follows the envelope cannot be produced, so that repeated hits are masked. However, since the envelope output circuit 81 is hardware, the time constant cannot be changed easily.

In Patent Document 3, when a maximum vibration value of a waveform obtained by full-wave rectification of the output of the vibration sensor 1 is detected, a re-sounding permission period is set after a sounding standby period and a re-sounding prohibition period. Instructions). When the input signal exceeds a reference value (threshold value) in the re-sounding permission period, re-sounding is enabled.
The reference value described above corresponds to a pseudo envelope (pseudo envelope). This reference value may be updated during the pronunciation standby period, but as a general rule, from the time when the maximum vibration value is detected until the re-pronunciation permission period, it decreases from the maximum vibration value with a certain slope, Then, it decreases with a certain large slope. However, since the actual vibration waveform is attenuated by an exponential function, it does not match the characteristics of the reference value (threshold value) described above.
JP-A-8-202354 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-64467 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-69687

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a striking operation detection device and a striking operation detection capable of realizing processing for reducing malfunctions when detecting a striking operation on a control operator with a small processing capacity. The purpose is to provide a program.

According to the present invention, in the invention described in claim 1, a batting operation is performed on the control operator based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectifying or full-wave rectifying the output of the sensor that detects the vibration of the control operator. A striking operation detecting device for detecting, comprising amplitude level determining means, striking operation detecting means, and threshold value changing means, wherein the amplitude level determining means compares the amplitude of the rectified waveform with a threshold value. When the amplitude level determination unit determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform exceeds the threshold, the operation detection unit has the maximum amplitude of the rectified waveform within a preset detection period from the determined timing. And detecting the timing at which the detection period has passed as a hitting timing, and outputting the hitting timing. The threshold is changed to 1 / n times the current threshold (n is a real number exceeding 1) at a predetermined threshold change period in a period until the next hitting timing is detected by the operation detecting means. .
According to the present invention, in the invention described in claim 2 , the striking operation is performed on the control operator based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectifying or full-wave rectifying the output of the sensor that detects the vibration of the control operator. A striking operation detecting device for detecting, comprising an amplitude level determining means, a striking operation detecting means, and a threshold changing means, wherein the amplitude level determining means is a predetermined transient period from the striking timing detected by the striking operation detecting means. After the time elapses, the amplitude of the rectified waveform is compared with a threshold value, and the striking operation detection unit determines when the amplitude level determination unit determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform exceeds the threshold value. The value at which the amplitude of the rectified waveform is maximized within a preset detection period from the set timing is detected, and the timing at which the detection period has passed And the threshold value changing means outputs the hit timing at the timing when the transition period has elapsed from the hit timing detected by the hit operation detecting means. 1 / x times the value of the maximum amplitude of the rectified waveform detected immediately before by the batting operation detection means (x is a real number exceeding 1), and the next batting timing is detected by the batting operation detection means In the period up to, the threshold is changed to 1 / n times the current threshold (n is a real number exceeding 1) at a predetermined threshold change period.

Therefore, the hitting operation is detected by detecting a value that maximizes the amplitude of the rectified waveform within the detection period set in advance from the timing when the amplitude of the rectified waveform exceeds the threshold value. Even if the vibration waveform is complex, such as when there are multiple peaks, the hitting operation can be detected by simple processing without being affected by these. In addition, it is possible to easily cancel the response time for hit detection.
In addition, the threshold value at the timing when a predetermined transient period has elapsed is dynamically changed according to the maximum amplitude level of the vibration waveform, and the subsequent threshold value attenuates exponentially of the vibration waveform due to the striking operation. Attenuates according to characteristics. With the dynamically changed threshold value, even if the second hit operation of the second hit is weak, the second hit operation can be detected.
In addition, the characteristic that the threshold value decays exponentially is realized by changing it in a staircase pattern. For this reason, the threshold value only needs to be calculated for each predetermined threshold change period, so the processing amount per unit time is small. When calculating with the CPU, the CPU load is light, and when calculating with hardware logic, processing is possible even when the processing speed is slow.

Further, the output waveform of the sensor generated by the hitting operation is disturbed for a while from the start of the hitting operation, and the waveform shape is not constant. Therefore, in the transition period, there is a possibility that an amplitude peak near the value at which the amplitude of the rectified waveform is detected immediately before that, or a peak with a higher amplitude is generated.
However, since the striking operation is not detected until the transition period ends, even if a rectified waveform having a large amplitude is generated in the transition period accompanying the first striking operation, it is not erroneously detected as the next striking operation. .
In addition, since the envelope of the output waveform of the sensor is not targeted for processing, it is possible to flexibly respond to changes in the structure and characteristics of the control operator, sensor, etc. by changing the CPU processing program.

In the invention of claim 3, in beating operation detecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the threshold value changing means detects, in the transitional period, the threshold value, by the striking operation detecting means immediately before the transitional period The amplitude level determination means compares the amplitude of the rectified waveform with the threshold value even in the transient period.
Therefore, the striking operation performed during the transition period described above can be detected if the amplitude of the rectified waveform exceeds the threshold value described above.
However, the output waveform of the sensor due to impact is distorted for a while from the start of impact, and the waveform shape is not constant.
Therefore, the threshold value in the transition period is set to a value that maximizes the amplitude of the rectified waveform detected by the batting operation detecting means, thereby making it difficult to detect the batting timing erroneously.

In the invention according to claim 4 , the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectifying or full-wave rectifying the output of the plurality of sensors for detecting the vibration of one or a plurality of control operators is associated with the channel, and In a batting operation detection device for detecting a batting operation on the one or more control operators based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform, a plurality of channel amplitude level judging means for judging the amplitude of the rectified waveform of the plurality of channels; A multi-channel batting operation detecting means for detecting the multi-channel batting operation; and a threshold value changing means for changing a threshold common to the multiple channels. After a predetermined transition period has elapsed from the hit timing detected by the hit operation detecting means, the adjustment of each channel is performed. The amplitude of the waveform is compared with a threshold value, and the hitting operation detection unit for each channel determines that the amplitude level determination unit for each channel determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel exceeds the threshold value. When the value at which the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel reaches the maximum within the detection period set in advance from the determined timing is detected, the timing at which the detection period has elapsed is detected as the hit timing of each channel. And the threshold value changing means outputs the threshold value at the timing when the transition period has elapsed from the hitting timing detected by the hitting operation detecting means of any channel. Detected by the striking operation detecting means for any one of the channels immediately before the period 1 / x times the maximum value of the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel (x is a real number exceeding 1), and in the period until the next hitting timing is detected by the hitting operation detecting means of any channel The threshold value is changed to 1 / n times the current threshold value (n is a real number exceeding 1) at a predetermined threshold change period.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the striking operation is detected for each of the output waveforms of the plurality of sensors.
In the first application example, a sensor is attached to each of a plurality of control operators arranged in proximity to each other, and vibration when a certain control operator receives a hitting operation is also applied to other control operators. This is the case when it propagates.
In the second application example, sensors are attached to a plurality of locations of one control operator, and when the control operator receives a hitting operation, the plurality of sensors detect a vibration waveform to generate a vibration waveform. This is a case where a location close to the sensor that first detects vibration is identified as a hitting operation point.
In the present invention, a plurality of sensor outputs are associated with channels, and signal processing is performed for each channel. Since the signal processing in each channel is essentially the same as that of the first and second aspects of the invention described above, the same effects can be obtained.
However, in the invention according to the third aspect, when a hitting timing is detected by the hitting operation detecting means of any channel, a common transient period and a common threshold are set for all the channels.
Therefore, even if there is a so-called “jumping vibration” between the sensor output waveforms, the striking operation is detected only in the channel where the striking timing is first detected by the striking operation. Can be prevented from being detected.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the batting operation detecting device according to the fourth aspect , the threshold value changing means sets the threshold value in the transient period, and strikes one of the channels immediately before the transient period. The value of the amplitude of the rectified waveform detected by the operation detection unit is set to a maximum value, and the amplitude level determination unit of each channel compares the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel with the threshold value even during the transient period. Is.
Therefore, similarly to the third aspect of the invention, it is possible to detect the batting operation performed during the transition period.

In the invention according to claim 6, in order to detect the striking operation on the control operator based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the output of the sensor that detects the vibration of the control operator. A striking operation detection program for causing a computer to execute an amplitude level determination step, a striking operation detection step, and a threshold value determination step. The striking operation detection device according to claim 1 described above can be realized, and is similar to claim 1 described above. The effect of this is achieved.
In the invention according to claim 7 , in order to detect the striking operation on the control operator based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the output of the sensor that detects the vibration of the control operator. A striking operation detection program for causing a computer to execute an amplitude level determination step, a striking operation detection step, and a threshold value determination step. The striking operation detection device according to claim 2 described above can be realized, and is similar to claim 1 described above. The effect of this is achieved.
In the invention described in claim 7 , in order to realize the batting operation detection device according to claim 3 , the threshold value changing step detects the batting operation immediately before the transition period in the transition period. The amplitude of the rectified waveform detected in the step is set to a maximum value, and the amplitude level determination step can compare the amplitude of the rectified waveform with the threshold value even in the transient period.

In the invention according to claim 8 , the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectifying or full-wave rectifying the outputs of the plurality of sensors that detect the vibration of one or a plurality of control operators is associated with the channel, and the plurality of channels. A plurality of channel amplitude level determination steps for determining the amplitude of the rectified waveform of the plurality of channels in order to detect a striking operation on the one or more control operators based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform of a batting operation detecting step of a plurality of channels for detecting the striking operation of a plurality of channels, a batting operation detection program for executing the threshold value changing step of changing the common threshold to a computer on the plurality of channels, according to claim 4 described above The striking operation detecting device can be realized, and the same effect as that of the above-described fourth aspect can be achieved.
In the invention according to claim 8 described above, in order to realize the batting operation detection device according to claim 5 described above, the threshold value changing step is configured such that the threshold value is set immediately before the transient period in the transient period. The amplitude of the rectified waveform detected by the channel striking operation detection means is set to a maximum value, and the amplitude level determination step of each channel is configured to compare the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel with the threshold value even during the transient period. Can be.

In the batting operation detection device according to any one of claims 2 to 5 described above and the batting operation detection program according to claim 7 or 8 described above, the function may be limited as follows. it can.
The value of x and the value of n described above can be 2. Therefore, the processing is simple whether the calculation is performed by the CPU or the hardware logic such as a shift register.
In addition, the predetermined threshold change cycle (T ₀ ) described above is a cycle in which the amplitude level determination unit (amplitude level determination step) determines the amplitude level and a cycle in which the batting operation detection unit (battering operation detection step) detects the batting operation. Can be longer. Accordingly, the processing amount per unit time is reduced.

In general, it can be said that the vibration waveform decays to an amplitude value of 37% (= e ⁻¹ ) for 0.5 to 30 msec. Therefore, if the value of n and the threshold change period (T ₀ ) are determined within a range that satisfies this condition, a threshold that matches the attenuation characteristics of the actual vibration waveform can be obtained.
When n = 2, if the threshold change period is 10 msec to 20 msc, typically 15 msec, it matches the attenuation curve of the actual vibration waveform in the electronic drum (pad operator).

Storage means for storing at least one set value of the above-described transient period (T _r ), detection period (T _d ), x value, and threshold change period (T ₀ ) in a rewritable manner, and stored in this storage means Further, a setting value changing means for changing at least one setting value by a user operation may be provided.
Therefore, when the user changes the control operator or sensor to one with a different structure or a different size, or when another control operator is placed close to the control operator or sensor. In addition, when the user changes at least one set value described above, it is possible to detect a normal striking operation in a flexible manner corresponding to a change in the control operator or the like.

Instead of the amplitude level of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the sensor output described above, a batting operation detection device that detects the batting operation on the control operator based on the envelope of the waveform output by the sensor may be used. .
In this case, the amplitude level determination means (amplitude level determination step) compares the amplitude of the envelope of the waveform output from the sensor with a threshold value instead of the amplitude of the rectified waveform, and the batting operation detection means (hitting operation detection step) Instead of a value that maximizes the amplitude of the rectified waveform, a value that maximizes the amplitude of the envelope of the waveform output by the sensor is detected, and the threshold changing means (threshold changing step) sets the threshold value and the amplitude of the rectified waveform to the maximum. Instead of the value, the envelope of the waveform output from the sensor is set to 1 / x times the maximum value.
The hitting operation detecting means (batting operation detecting step) described above may output a value at which the amplitude of the rectified waveform becomes maximum within the above-described detection period as the hitting force at the hitting timing.

The present invention has an effect that processing for reducing malfunctions when detecting a striking operation on a control operator such as an electronic drum (pad operator) can be realized with a small processing capability.
In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to respond flexibly by changing the set values that determine the operation characteristics in response to changes in the control operators, sensors, and the like.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a batting operation detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, parts similar to those in FIG.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a one-chip microcomputer LSI, which includes an A / D converter 4 and a CPU (not shown). When the CPU executes the program, the functions of the batting operation detection unit 5, the amplitude level determination unit 6, and the threshold value changing unit 7 are realized. The A / D converter 4 may be externally attached instead of being built in the one-chip microcomputer LSI 8.

The vibration waveform output from the vibration sensor 1 is amplified by the sensor amplifier 2 and converted into a unipolar half-wave rectification waveform (positive polarity or negative polarity inverted) in the half-wave rectification circuit 3. Are output to the A / D converter 4 and converted into digital values. This digital value is signal-processed by a CPU (not shown).
The one-chip microcomputer LSI 8 detects the maximum value of the rectified waveform amplitude. This maximum value is ideally the maximum amplitude value among the plurality of peak values of the rectified waveform, but the maximum value detection period (time length T _d ) is preset in order to speed up the response. Yes. The one-chip microcomputer LSI 8 outputs a signal indicating a hitting event using the maximum amplitude value of the detected rectified waveform as hitting force data in real time at the detected timing (hitting timing).

The minimum configuration of the batting operation detection device is each function of the batting operation detection unit 5, the amplitude level determination unit 6, and the threshold value changing unit 7. A configuration in which the vibration sensor 1 is added one by one in order from the A / D converter 4 to this can be considered. By attaching the vibration sensor 1 to an arbitrary vibrating body, this vibrating body becomes a performance operator (control operator).
Accordingly, the batting operation detection device is built in the housing of the electronic drum (pad operation element), becomes a device for inputting the output of the sensor amplifier 2 from the electronic drum, or is built in the sound source device or the electronic musical instrument. used.

If the output of the vibration sensor 1 is subjected to full-wave rectification, the maximum amplitude value can be detected from a plurality of peak values of the vibration waveform regardless of positive or negative. However, in the case of half-wave rectification, the cost is slightly reduced in terms of mounting.
Further, the rectification is performed by digital signal processing after the output of the vibration sensor 1 is input to the A / D converter 4 via the sensor amplifier 2 instead of being realized by hardware such as the half-wave rectifier circuit 3 shown in the figure. May be realized. In this case, the A / D converter 4 uses a differential input type that can input positive and negative values.
As the A / D conversion cycle (sampling period) _Tad is shorter, the accuracy of signal processing increases, but the processing load on the CPU increases. In the waveform diagram of FIG. 2 and the like to be described later, the A / D conversion cycle _Tad is assumed to be sufficiently short and is ignored.

FIG. 2 is a first waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG.
Mainly, an operation for detecting a value that maximizes the amplitude of the rectified waveform in the vibration waveform in which the amplitude of the peak point of each period of the vibration waveform gradually increases will be described.
Reference numeral 11 denotes a half-wave rectified waveform. 11a is a peak point of the first wave of the half-wave rectified waveform, and 11b to 11f are peak points of the second to sixth waves.
Typically, the output of the vibration sensor 1 is typically such that the peak point of the first period of vibration becomes the maximum amplitude value in the vibration waveform, as in the vibration waveform 91 shown in FIG. It is. However, as shown as the half-wave rectified waveform 11 in FIG. 2, the amplitude values of the peak points 11a to 11d of each period of vibration gradually increase, and the amplitude value of the peak point 11d that occurs later in the entire vibration waveform. May be maximum.

The operation of each functional block shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The amplitude level determination unit 6 determines the amplitude (instantaneous value) of the half-wave rectified waveform 11 after the elapse of a predetermined transient period (time length T _r ) from the hitting timing detected by the hitting operation detection unit 5. Compared with the threshold value 12 determined in (1). The threshold 12 is initially set to a predetermined level (for example, 0) when the power is turned on.
When the amplitude level determination unit 6 determines that the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 11 exceeds the threshold 12 (in this case, 0), the batting operation detection unit 5 detects a maximum value set in advance from the determined timing. The value P ₁ (in the example shown, the amplitude of the peak point 11d) in which the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 11 is maximum within the period (time length T _d ) is detected and the timing at which the maximum value detection period has passed is hit. It detects as timing (timing of occurrence of hitting event).
Batting operation detection unit 5, a signal indicating the strike events that the value P ₁ and the striking power of the data, in the detected hitting timing, and outputs in real time.
Note that when the batting event data is not required on the side using the batting event, a signal indicating only the batting timing may be output as the signal indicating the batting event.

The threshold value changing unit 7 sets the threshold value 12 to the value P ₁ detected by the batting operation detecting unit 5 immediately before the transient period in the above-described transition period (time length T _r ). In the illustrated example, in order to simplify the process, the transition period (time length T _r ) is made equal to a threshold value change period (T ₀ ) described later.
The threshold value changing unit 7 sets the threshold value 12 to 1 / x times the value P ₁ detected by the batting operation detection unit 5 immediately before the transition period (x is a real number exceeding 1, In the example shown, x = 2), and thereafter, the threshold 12 is 1 / n times the current threshold at a predetermined threshold change period (T ₀ ) (n is a real number exceeding 1; in the example shown, n = Change to 2). However, until the next hitting timing is detected by the hitting operation detection unit 5.
As shown in the figure, when the hitting event does not follow, the threshold 12 decreases in a stepped manner according to the exponential function, and finally becomes almost zero.
Here, the threshold 12 is used to change the threshold by limiting the number of times the change process is performed, or if the threshold is smaller than the minimum value (a value slightly larger than 0), the change process is not performed. The amount of processing may be reduced.

The detected impact timing is the timing when the maximum value detection period (T _d ) has elapsed from the timing when the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 11 exceeds the threshold value 12.
In the illustrated example, there are three half-wave rectified waveforms 11 during the maximum value detection period (T _d ), and there are first to third peak points 11a, 11b, and 11c. However, the amplitude of these peak points is not the maximum value. If the maximum value detection period (T _d ) is made sufficiently long, it can be detected even if the generation of a peak point at which the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 11 is truly maximum is delayed. However, the response time until the timing of hitting is detected after the hitting operation is too slow.
Therefore, the maximum value detection period (T _d ) is set in accordance with the timing at which the amplitude of the vibration waveform determined by the control operator and the vibration sensor 1 is expected to be maximum. Since the batting operation detection process is terminated during this maximum value detection period (T _d ), the batting detection response time is not delayed from this time (T _d ).

In the above description, the amplitude level determination unit 6 compares the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 11 with the threshold value 12 even during the transition period (time length T _r ), and the batting operation detection unit 5 performs the batting even during this transition period. The timing was detected.
Instead of this, the amplitude level determination unit 6 may not perform an operation of comparing the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 11 with the threshold 12 in the transition period described above. As a result, in the transition period, the batting operation detection unit 5 does not detect the batting timing.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are second and third waveform diagrams for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. This is mainly for explaining the operation in the transition period (time length T _r ) and the operation of detecting the second batting event following the first batting event.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart for realizing the operation shown in FIG. 3B by the computer program in the embodiment shown in FIG. This is realized by the built-in CPU executing the program built in the one-chip microcomputer LSI 8 shown in FIG.

3 (a) and 3 (b), the waveform output from the vibration sensor 1 is the same as the vibration waveform 91 shown in FIG. 10 (a). A rectified waveform obtained by rectification is shown.
21a and 21b are peak points of the first and second waves of the rectified waveform by the first striking operation. 21c is a peak point of a waveform obtained by synthesizing the third wave of the rectified waveform by the first striking operation and the first wave of the rectified waveform by the second striking operation. 21d and 21e are peak points of the second and third waves of the half-wave rectified waveform by the second striking operation.
In the illustrated example, the peak point 21a of the first wave of the half-wave rectified waveform 21 is the maximum amplitude value in the vibration waveform. In order to shorten the hit detection response time, the maximum value detection period (T _d ) is such that the estimated peak point 21 a of the half-wave rectified waveform 21 falls within the above-described maximum value detection period (T _d ). Set to.

With reference to FIG. 3A, an operation example of each functional block shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
The amplitude level determining unit 6 determines the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 21 by the threshold changing unit 7 after a predetermined transient period (time length T _r ) has elapsed from the hitting timing detected by the hitting operation detecting unit 5. Compare with threshold 22. The initial threshold value when the power is turned on is 0, for example.
When the amplitude level determination unit 6 determines that the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 21 has exceeded the threshold value 22, the hitting operation detection unit 5 is half a maximum value detection period (time length T _d ) from the determined timing. The value P _{1 at} which the amplitude of the wave rectification waveform 21 is maximum (in the example shown, the amplitude of the peak point 21a of the first wave) is detected, and the timing at which the maximum value detection period has elapsed is detected as the first impact timing To do.
Batting operation detection unit 5, a signal indicating the strike events that the value P ₁ and the striking force of the data, and outputs the first blow timing detected.

The threshold value changing unit 7 sets the threshold value 22 to the value P ₁ itself detected by the batting operation detection unit 5 immediately before the transition period until the transition period (time length T _r ) elapses from the first hit timing. Set.
The threshold value changing unit 7 sets the threshold value 22 to 1 / x times the value P ₁ detected by the batting operation detecting unit 5 after the transition period (time length T _r ) has elapsed. The threshold value is changed to 1 / n times the current threshold value until the second impact timing is detected by the impact operation detection unit 5 at the threshold change period T ₀ .

In the illustrated example, the amplitude level determination unit 6 determines that the half-wave rectified waveform 21 has exceeded the threshold 22 when the threshold 22 is P ₁ / (xn).
When the amplitude level determination unit 6 determines that the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 21 has exceeded the threshold value 22, the hitting operation detection unit 5 determines the maximum value detection period (time length T _d ) from the determined timing. A value P ₂ (in the example shown, the amplitude of the peak point 21c) in which the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform 21 is maximum is detected, and the timing at which this maximum value detection period has elapsed is defined as the second impact timing. To detect.
Batting operation detection unit 5, a signal indicating the second striking event in which the value P ₂ and the striking force of the data, and outputs the second blow timing detected.

The threshold changing unit 7 sets the threshold 22 to the value P ₂ detected by the batting operation detection unit 5 immediately before the transition period until the transition period (time length T _r ) has elapsed from the second hitting timing described above. set, in the timing of the transition period (the time length T _r) after, and 1 / n times the value P _2, then, at the predetermined threshold changing period T _0, the current threshold value 1 / n times (n Is changed to a real number exceeding 1 (n = 2 in the example shown).

In the above-described operation example, in the transition period, the threshold 22 is set to the value P ₁ or P ₂ detected by the hitting operation detection unit 5 immediately before the transition period, so that a half wave is generated in the transition period for a while from the hit timing. Even when a peak of amplitude close to the values P ₁ and P ₂ occurs in the rectified waveforms 11 and 21, this is not erroneously detected as the next hitting operation.
Note that if the value with the maximum amplitude is multiplied by a weighting factor greater than 1 to make the threshold, false detection will be further reduced, but when the CPU processing speed is slow, the value with the maximum amplitude is detected. Immediately after this, the multiplication cannot be done in time, so there is a possibility that the threshold cannot be changed.

On the other hand, the operation example shown in FIG. 3B rejects re-sounding without detecting the striking operation until the transition period (T _r ) elapses. Therefore, in a transition period for a while from the start of the impact, there is a possibility that an amplitude peak approaching the value at which the amplitude of the rectified waveform detected earlier becomes maximum or a peak with a higher amplitude may occur. . However, these peaks are not erroneously detected as being the second hit timing. In other respects, the operation is the same as that described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 3B, 23 is a threshold value. In the transition period (T _r ), the threshold value is not set, or even if it is set, the threshold value and the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform are not compared. The mode described below the waveform diagram shows the correspondence with the processing in FIG.

An operation example of each functional block shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the flowchart shown in FIG. 4, when the power is turned on, a processing step is started, and the hit search (search) mode, the maximum value detection (peak) mode, and the re-sounding rejection (reject) mode are cyclically repeated.
In the half-wave rectified waveform 21 shown in FIG. 3B, the first peak point 21a has the maximum amplitude value. Therefore, since the maximum value detection is also peak detection, in FIG. 4, the maximum value detection mode is simply described as “peak” mode.

In S31, the initial setting after power-on is performed. Since the initial mode is “search” (hit search), when the power is turned on, the same processing as after a predetermined transition period (T _r ) has elapsed. At this time, the threshold value is initially set to 0 and the max (variable) is set to 0.
In S32, the digital value obtained by A / D converting the half-wave rectified waveform 21 is read and taken into deta (variable), and the process proceeds to the next S33.
The CPU periodically activates the A / D converter 4 at the A / D conversion cycle (sampling period) _Tad and reads the signal input from the half-wave rectifier circuit 3. In one specific example described with reference to FIG. 7, the fundamental frequency of the vibration waveform is about 150 Hz, and accordingly, an A / D conversion cycle of 0.2 msec is set.

In S33, the current mode is determined, and the process proceeds to a process step according to each mode. When one unit of process step in each mode is completed, the process returns to S32.
If the current mode is “search” (hitting search mode), the process proceeds to S34, and if “peak” (maximum amplitude detection mode), the process proceeds to S37, and “reject” (re-pronunciation rejection mode) If so, the process proceeds to S42.
Step S34 in the "search" mode, if the data value is less than the threshold value, the process proceeds to S3 5, the threshold value changing period T ₀ (e.g., 15 msec) for each, 1 / n of the current threshold the threshold (for example, n = 2) to return the process to S32, if it exceeds data values above the threshold value, the process proceeds to S3 6, changes the mode to "peak", sets the maximum value detection period (T _d) the timer Then, the process returns to S32.

In S37 in the “peak” mode, it is determined whether or not the data value exceeds the max value. If the data value exceeds the max value, the process proceeds to S38, the data value is updated to the max value, and the process proceeds to S39. If the data value does not exceed the max value, the process immediately proceeds to S39.
In S39, it is determined whether or not the maximum value detection period timer has elapsed T _d (for example, T _d = 1 msec), that is, whether or not the “peak” mode period has elapsed T _d. For example, the process proceeds to the sound generation process of S40, and if it has not elapsed, the process immediately returns to S32.
Therefore, in S37 to S39, within the maximum value detection period (T _d ), the data value of a plurality of samples obtained by A / D converting the half-wave rectified waveform 21 is read, and the sample that is the maximum among the data values of the plurality of samples. Detect value.

And 0.2msc the A / D conversion cycle T _ad, when the 1mse the maximum value detection period T _d, the value of the maximum value detection period timer, 6 samples when the 0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0msec The maximum sample value is detected. When the maximum value detection period _Td is not an integral multiple of the A / D conversion cycle _Tad , in the illustrated flowchart, the determination of S39 is performed after S38, so that the number of samples increases by one, and the substantial maximum value detection period. T _d is 1 msec + 0.2 msec.
When detecting the maximum value, a sample value that is extremely larger than other sample values may be regarded as noise, and processing for excluding this may be added.
Further, instead of defining the maximum value detection period by the time length, it may be defined by the number of A / D converted samples. Similarly, the transition period and the threshold value change period may be defined by the number of A / D converted samples.

In S40, based on the maximum amplitude value max detected in S37, S38, S39, another program (not shown) starts the sound generation process, and the process proceeds to S41. A description of the specific processing in S40 is omitted. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a signal indicating an impact event is output. When the batting operation detection device of this embodiment is applied to an electronic musical instrument, the process up to the output of a musical tone signal is executed.
In S41, the threshold value is set to 1 / x times the maximum amplitude value (for example, x = 2), the mode is changed to “reject”, the transition period (T _r ) timer is set, and the process is performed in S32. To return.
In S42 in the “reject” mode, it is determined whether or not the transition period timer has expired a predetermined transition period (T _r ), for example, T _r = 10 msec, and the process immediately returns to S32 until it expires. If so, the process proceeds to S43, the mode is changed to “search”, and the process returns to S32.

  The flowchart shown in FIG. 4 realizes the operation example of FIG. 3B, but the operation example shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. This can be realized by only partially changing the flowchart shown in FIG.

The threshold values 12, 22, and 23 determined by the threshold value determination unit 7 described above are dynamically changed by an operation that multiplies the current threshold value by 1 / n for each threshold change period (T ₀ ). A threshold value with a small error from the natural attenuation characteristic is obtained.
However, at the time after the transition period (T _r ) elapses, processing that is handled separately from the characteristic that is multiplied by 1 / n at each subsequent threshold change period (T ₀ ), such as 1 / x times the peak value. It becomes. This is because the damping characteristic of the vibration waveform due to the striking operation has a large correlation with the first peak value of the striking operation, but it cannot be asserted that it decreases exponentially from this first peak value.

Attenuation rate per unit time during the transient (1-1 / x) / T _r, the attenuation rate per unit time in the period of decay exponentially every threshold value changing period (1-1 / n) / T ₀ Is set independently.
For example, the attenuation rate per unit time in the transition period can be set to be smaller than the attenuation rate per unit time in the period in which the attenuation period occurs every threshold change period.
The longer the threshold change period (T ₀ ), the greater the difference between the threshold and the natural attenuation curve of the vibration waveform. However, since the vibration waveform itself varies greatly for each hitting operation, the above-described difference is not so much affected.

In the numerical example illustrated in the description of the flowchart described above, after the transition period T _r = 10 msec, the threshold is set to 1 / n = 1/2 of the previous threshold per threshold change period T ₀ = 15 msec. Yes. As a result, after T _r = 10 msec, the time until the amplitude becomes 1/32 is 75 msec.
Generally, in the attenuation characteristic, the time when the amplitude value is 37% (= e ⁻¹ ) is 0.5 to 30 msec. Therefore, the set values described above are well suited to general vibration damping characteristics. Further, the attenuation characteristic of the threshold value is well suited to a specific example of the attenuation characteristic described later with reference to FIG.

The maximum value detection period (T _d ), transient period (T _r ), x value, threshold change period (T ₀ ), and n value described above measure many vibration waveforms. Should be set to function properly.
However, the vibration waveform varies depending on the characteristics of the performance operator and the vibration sensor. Therefore, at least one set value that can be changed is stored in the rewritable storage device such as RAM and flash ROM built in the one-chip microcomputer LSI 8 shown in FIG. Keep it. If a CPU (not shown) built in the one-chip microcomputer LSI 8 has a function of a setting value changing unit that allows a user to change a setting value that can be changed among the plurality of setting values described above by a switch operation or the like. Good.

The threshold change period (T ₀ ) described above can be made sufficiently longer than the A / D conversion cycle (sampling period) _Tad . In the specific example illustrated in FIG. 4, the threshold change period T ₀ = 15 msec is 75 times the A / D conversion cycle 0.2 msec. Therefore, the processing for changing the threshold has a small processing load per unit time.
In particular, by setting n = 2, the threshold value can be dynamically changed simply by shifting the register storing the threshold value to the right by 1 bit, so that the CPU load required for calculation is reduced.
As a result, even a CPU having a low processing capability such as the one-chip microcomputer LSI 8 is required to process a half-wave rectified waveform of a plurality of channels as described with reference to FIG. In addition, signal processing that realizes the above-described functions is possible.
When n is a power of 2, that is, 4, 8,..., The calculation is similarly simple, but the attenuation rate is too large compared to the actual vibration waveform.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a first specific example of a performance operator using the batting operation detecting device of the embodiment shown in FIG. This performance operator is an electronic drum filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-321952, which is a prior application of the present application.
This electronic drum is a specific example in which four electrostatic sensors are used as the vibration sensor 1 shown in FIG. More specifically, this electronic drum has 4ch output terminals and detects the hitting position with four (4 channels) vibration sensors for one hitting surface.

5A is a plan view showing only the fixed electrode 55 and the printed circuit board 56, and FIG. 5B is an electronic drum (electronic pad) as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 5A. ) 50 is a vertical sectional view.
51 is a pad, 52 is a movable electrode, 53 is a resin film as an insulator, 54 is a double-sided tape in which a large number of rectangular holes are formed, 55 is a fixed electrode that is divided into four concentric circles and has an output lead line, A printed circuit board 56 is formed on the one surface of the fixed electrode 55 described above. Reference numeral 57 denotes a shield conductor. By laminating these circular flat plate-like members, an electronic drum having a 4-channel electrostatic sensor is configured.
In the lead-out portion 56a of the printed circuit board 56, a connection line is drawn out from the fixed electrode 54 divided into four, and becomes the output terminals of ch1 to ch4 in order from the center electrode. The movable electrode 52 and the shield conductor 57 are connected externally and serve as a ground terminal. A voltage is applied via a resistor between the output terminals of ch1 to ch4 and the ground terminal.

A planar movable electrode 52 and a planar fixed electrode 55 disposed so as to face the movable electrode 52 with a predetermined interval are provided, and the fixed electrode 55 is divided into a plurality of divided electrodes. Therefore, the movable electrode 52 and each of the divided fixed electrodes 55 constitute four electrostatic capacity means.
A signal is output from the output terminals of ch1 to ch4 drawn from each divided electrode in the fixed electrode 55 based on the change in capacitance in the capacitance means when pressure is applied to the movable electrode 52 and displaced. .

On the other hand, FIG. 6 is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd specific example of the performance operator using the batting operation detection apparatus of embodiment shown in FIG. This performance operator is a stick substantially the same as that shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-20064.
In this specific example, a hit when an arbitrary object is struck is detected using the stick itself as a performance operator.

In the figure, reference numeral 61 denotes a stick, which is a main body portion that receives a hit. 62 is a vibration sensor, 63 is a lead wire of the vibration sensor, 64 is a control unit, 65 is a switch, and 66 is an output cable for outputting a signal indicating a striking event to a sound source, an electronic musical instrument or the like.
The vibration sensor 62 is attached near the tip of the stick 61.
A capacitor microphone is used as the vibration sensor 62. However, the microphone opening for receiving the air vibration in the diaphragm is closed with an adhesive to block the detection of the air vibration, and only the vibration transmitted to the microphone main body is detected.
As the vibration sensor 62, a piezoelectric sensor can also be used. In the electrostatic sensor as shown in FIG. 5, a single-channel output may be used without dividing the fixed electrode 55.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing measured data and threshold value setting examples when the electrostatic sensor shown in FIG. 5 is used as the vibration sensor 1 shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 shows each divided electrode when the position above the divided electrode corresponding to ch1 is hit among the divided fixed electrodes (54 in FIG. 5) on the surface of the pad 51 shown in FIG. The measured value of the waveform which half-wave rectified the vibration waveform output from is shown.
In the divided electrode corresponding to the channel in which the value with the maximum amplitude is detected, it can be identified that a hitting operation has been performed at a position above the divided electrode. It can be seen that the vibration sensors of all the channels are responding to this one hit.

The half-wave rectified waveform of ch1 rises first, and the peak value of the first wave is 93. Next, the ch2 half-wave rectified waveform rises, but the peak of the first wave is small. Subsequently, the first wave of the half-wave rectified waveform of ch3 and ch4 rises sequentially, and its peak value is 43 and 28. The maximum value 38 of the half-wave rectified waveform of ch2 is the peak point of the fourth wave delayed by 10 msec or more.
Therefore, for example, even when there is no hitting operation on the hitting surface corresponding to ch2, a peak is detected at ch2.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, in the processing block of each channel, when a batting operation corresponding to its own channel is detected, when there is a batting operation corresponding to another channel having a large correlation, In signal processing, a transient period (T _r ) and a dynamic threshold are set. The transition period and dynamic threshold are common to all channels. When the first hit timing is detected in any channel, the transition period (T _r ) and the threshold are applied to all the channels, and the second hit timing is not detected unless the threshold is exceeded.
Therefore, when designing the threshold value, a value that does not exceed the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform of any channel is set.

In the specific example shown in FIG. 7, the period T _ad of the A / D conversion cycle in each channel is about 0.2 msec. By setting the maximum value detection period T _d above 2MSC, it is possible to detect the amplitude maximum value of the half-wave rectified waveform of ch1 (value 93). From the timing when the maximum amplitude value is detected, the threshold after the transition period T _r = 10 msec is set to 46.5 (x = 2), and after the transition period has elapsed, the current threshold is set to 1 / every threshold change period T ₀ = 15 msec. 2 steps down.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a batting operation detection device using the electrostatic sensor shown in FIGS. 5 and 7.
Blocks similar to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and numbers indicating channels are indicated by subscripts. However, since both channels perform the same processing, illustration of ch2 and ch3 is omitted.
Electrostatic sensor formed between the electronic drums (pads operator) 50 four vibration sensors 1 ₁ to 1 ₄ (fixed electrode 55 which is divided between the movable electrode 52 for detecting vibration of the shown in FIG. 5 each output ch1~ch4 of) amplified by the sensor amplifier ₂₁ to _24, the amplitude of the half-wave rectifier circuit 3 ₁ to 3 ₄ by half-wave rectified half-wave rectified waveform, in association with the channel, a plurality of channels Are input as a half-wave rectified waveform, and a striking operation on the electronic drum (pad operator) 50 is detected.

Reference numeral 73 denotes a one-chip microcomputer LSI, which includes an A / D converter 71 and a CPU (not shown). The A / D converter 71 sequentially samples four channels of analog inputs using, for example, an analog multiplexer (not shown). The A / D conversion cycle of each channel is the same as _{Tad in} FIG.
The built-in CPU executes the functions of the batting operation detection units 5 _{1 to} 5 ₄ , the amplitude level determination units 6 _{1 to} 6 ₄ , and the threshold value changing unit 72. The threshold value changing unit 72 is common to all channels.
The output of the signal indicating the hit event is shown for each channel, but is output by a common serial output interface by adding the channel number to the hit event data.

Amplitude level determination unit ₆₁ through ₄ for each channel, any channel, in the illustrated example, the batting operation detecting unit 5 ₁ a predetermined transition period from the detected hit timing by the channel 1 (T _r) is elapsed After that, the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform of each channel ch1 to ch4 is compared with a threshold value.
The striking operation detectors 5 _{1 to} 5 ₄ for each channel determine that the amplitude level determination units 6 _{1 to} 6 _{4 of the} channels ch _{1 to} ch ₄ determine that the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform of each channel exceeds the above-described threshold. In the maximum value detection period (T _d ) set in advance from the determined timing, a value at which the amplitude of the half-wave rectified waveform of each channel ch1 to ch4 is maximized is detected, and the maximum value detection period (T _d ) The timing when elapses is detected as the hit timing of each channel ch1 to ch4.
The batting operation detection units 5 _{1 to} 5 ₄ detect a signal indicating a batting event using the value (the value 93 in the example of FIG. 7) with the maximum amplitude of the detected half-wave rectified waveform as the data of the batting force. Is output at the hit timing.

Threshold value changing section 72, any channel, in the illustrated example, at the timing a lapse of transient (T _r) from the striking timing detected by the striking operation detection unit 5 ₁ of ch1, the threshold, the transitional period Immediately before, the channel ₁ hitting operation detecting unit 51 described above detects the half-wave rectified waveform with the maximum amplitude 1 / x times (x is a real number exceeding 1), and an arbitrary channel (first number) In the period until the next hitting timing is detected by the hitting operation detection units 5 _{1 to} 5 _{4 (} not limited to ch1 in which the hitting timing of ₁ is detected), the threshold value is changed to the current threshold value at the threshold change period (T ₀ ). 1 / n times (n is a real number exceeding 1).

The setting of the values of the parameters T _d , T _r , T ₀ , x, n is the same as that in FIGS.
Further, each of the functional blocks of the batting operation detection units 5 _{1 to} 5 ₄ , the amplitude level determination units 6 _{1 to} 6 ₄ , and the threshold value changing unit 72 shown in FIG. 8 executes the same processing steps as those in the flowchart shown in FIG. The control program can be realized by a computer.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3A, it is also possible to detect the hitting event by comparing the half-wave rectified waveform with the threshold value even during the transition period (T _r ).

In the description with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, the striking operation on the control operator is detected based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectifying or full-wave rectifying the output of the vibration sensor 1. Instead of this, the vibration sensor 1 is generated by integrating half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the output of the vibration sensor 1 as in the prior art described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. The hit detection may be performed based on the amplitude of the envelope of the vibration waveform output by.
Detecting a striking operation using the amplitude of the envelope of the vibration waveform output by the sensor cannot flexibly respond to changes in the control operator, but when a dedicated striking operation detection device is built in the control operator There is no problem even if the amplitude of the envelope is used.
Further, by using the amplitude of the envelope, high harmonic components and noise components included in the output waveform of the sensor are removed, so that it is difficult to erroneously detect a fake hitting operation. Also, even if the A / D conversion cycle is lengthened, the value is not missed, so the processing amount per unit time can be reduced.
At this time, if the integration time constant for generating the envelope is shortened, the amplitude of the envelope approaches the amplitude of the rectified waveform.

FIG. 8 is for detecting a striking operation with respect to signals output from vibration sensors of a plurality of channels having respective striking surfaces on a common pad as shown in FIG.
However, when there is a correlation between the signals of each channel, a plurality of pad operators are arranged in a common frame and vibration sensors are attached to each, or a plurality of signals are attached to a common instrument stand. In some cases, an electronic drum is attached, and a vibration sensor is attached to each.
Even in such a case, by setting a common transition period and a common threshold shown in FIG. 8, the influence of the other electronic drums can be eliminated.

In the above description, the electronic drum (pad operation element) and the stick are exemplified as the performance operation elements using the batting operation detection device of the present invention. In addition, in an electronic keyboard instrument, it is possible to detect a key depression by using a structure in which a vibrating body is hit by a key depression.
In addition to performance control, the batting operation according to the present invention is applied to a game device and a game program for controlling an image or video using a signal indicating a batting event as a control signal by detecting the batting operation applied to the control operator. A detection device can also be used.

It is a block diagram which shows the batting operation detection apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a 1st waveform diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is second and third waveform diagrams for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. 4 is a flowchart for realizing the operation shown in FIG. 3B by a computer program in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st specific example of the performance operator using the batting operation detection apparatus of embodiment shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd specific example of the performance operator using the batting operation detection apparatus of embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is a graph showing measured data and an example of setting a threshold when the electrostatic sensor whose outline is shown in FIG. 5 is used as the vibration sensor shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the batting operation detection apparatus using the electrostatic type sensor shown in FIG. 5, FIG. It is a block block diagram of the conventional hit | damage operation detection apparatus. It is a wave form diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of the conventional hit | damage operation detection apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1 1 _{-1 4} ... Vibration sensor, 2, 2 ₁ -2 ₄ ... Sensor amplifier, 3, 3 ₁ -3 ₄ ... Half wave rectifier circuit, ₄ , 71 ... A / D converter, 5, 51 ₁ -5 5 ₄ ... Batting operation detection unit, 6, 6 _{1 to} 6 ₄ ... Amplitude level determination unit, 7, 72... Threshold value changing unit, 8, 73.
11, 21 ... half-wave rectified waveform, 12, 22, 23 ... threshold,
50 ... Electronic drum (electronic pad), 61 ... Stick, 62 ... Vibration sensor,
81 ... Envelope output circuit, 82 ... CPU, 83 ... 1-chip microcomputer LSI, 91 ... vibration waveform, 92 ... full-wave rectified waveform, 93 ... envelope, 94 ... threshold

Claims (8)

Based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the output of the sensor that detects the vibration of the control operator, a batting operation detection device that detects a batting operation on the control operator,
Having an amplitude level determining means, a striking operation detecting means, and a threshold value changing means,
The amplitude level determination means is adapted to compare the amplitude of the previous SL-rectified waveform with a threshold value,
When the amplitude level determination unit determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform has exceeded the threshold, the striking operation detection unit has a maximum amplitude of the rectified waveform within a detection period set in advance from the determined timing. And detecting the timing at which the detection period has passed as a hitting timing, and outputting the hitting timing,
The threshold value changing means, in a period until the next striking timing by the previous SL batting operation detecting means is detected, a predetermined threshold value changing period, 1 / n times (n current threshold the threshold, 1 To a real number greater than
A striking operation detection device characterized by the above. Based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the output of the sensor that detects the vibration of the control operator, a batting operation detection device that detects a batting operation on the control operator,
Having an amplitude level determining means, a striking operation detecting means, and a threshold value changing means,
The amplitude level determining means, after the inter periodically away from the detected hitting timing has passed by the striking operation detector, which compares the amplitude of the rectified waveform with a threshold value,
When the amplitude level determination unit determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform has exceeded the threshold, the striking operation detection unit has a maximum amplitude of the rectified waveform within a detection period set in advance from the determined timing. And detecting the timing at which the detection period has passed as a hitting timing, and outputting the hitting timing,
The threshold value changing unit detects the threshold value at the timing when the predetermined period has elapsed from the hitting timing detected by the hitting operation detection unit, and the rectified waveform detected by the hitting operation detection unit immediately before the predetermined period. 1 / x times the maximum value of the amplitude (x is a real number exceeding 1), and in a period until the next hitting timing is detected by the hitting operation detecting means, at a predetermined threshold change period, Change the threshold to 1 / n times the current threshold (where n is a real number greater than 1).
A striking operation detection device characterized by the above. The threshold value changing means, in the predetermined period, the threshold value, detected by the batting operation detecting means immediately before the predetermined period, the value having the maximum amplitude of the rectified waveform,
The amplitude level determination means compares the amplitude of the rectified waveform with the threshold value even in the predetermined period.
The striking operation detecting device according to claim 2 , wherein the striking operation detecting device is provided. Based on the amplitude of a rectified waveform obtained by correlating half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the outputs of a plurality of sensors that detect vibrations of one or a plurality of control operators with a channel, In the batting operation detection device for detecting the batting operation on the one or more control operators,
A plurality of channel amplitude level determining means for determining the amplitude of the rectified waveform of the plurality of channels, a plurality of channel striking operation detecting means for detecting the striking operation of the plurality of channels, and a threshold change for changing a threshold common to the plurality of channels. Having means,
The amplitude level determination means for each channel, after the inter periodically away from the detected hitting timing has passed by the striking operation detector of any of the channels, intended to compare the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel to a threshold Yes,
The batting operation detection means for each channel is a detection preset from the determined timing when the amplitude level determination means for each channel determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel exceeds the threshold. A value at which the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel is maximized within a period is detected, and a timing at which the detection period has elapsed is detected as the hit timing of each channel, and the hit timing is output.
The threshold value changing means sets the threshold value at the timing when the predetermined period has elapsed from the hitting timing detected by the hitting operation detecting means of any channel, and the hitting operation of any channel immediately before the predetermined period. 1 / x times (x is a real number exceeding 1) the maximum value of the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel detected by the detection means, and the next hit timing by the hit operation detection means for any channel In the period until the detection, the threshold is changed to 1 / n times the current threshold (n is a real number exceeding 1) at a predetermined threshold change period.
A striking operation detection device characterized by the above. The threshold value changing means, in the predetermined period, the threshold value, the immediately prior to the predetermined time period is detected by any one of the channels of the striking operation detector, the value having the maximum amplitude of the rectified waveform,
The amplitude level determining means for each channel compares the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel with the threshold value even during the predetermined period.
The striking operation detection device according to claim 4 , wherein the striking operation detection device is configured as described above. Based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the output of the sensor for detecting the vibration of the control operator, an amplitude level determination step and an impact operation detection step are performed in order to detect an impact operation on the control operator. A batting operation detection program for causing a computer to execute a threshold value determining step,
The amplitude level determination step compares the amplitude of the previous SL-rectified waveform with a threshold value,
In the hitting operation detecting step, when the amplitude level determining step determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform exceeds the threshold, the amplitude of the rectified waveform is maximized within a detection period set in advance from the determined timing. And a timing at which the detection period has passed is detected as an impact timing, and the impact timing is output,
The threshold changing step, in the period until the next striking timing by the previous SL batting operation detecting step is detected, at a predetermined threshold value changing period, 1 / n times (n current threshold the threshold, 1 To a real number greater than
A striking operation detection program characterized by the above. Based on the amplitude of the rectified waveform obtained by half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the output of the sensor for detecting the vibration of the control operator, an amplitude level determination step and an impact operation detection step are performed in order to detect an impact operation on the control operator. A batting operation detection program for causing a computer to execute a threshold value determining step,
The amplitude level determination step, after the inter periodically away from the detected hitting timing has passed by the batting operation detecting step, comparing the amplitude of the rectified waveform with a threshold value,
In the hitting operation detecting step, when the amplitude level determining step determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform exceeds the threshold, the amplitude of the rectified waveform is maximized within a detection period set in advance from the determined timing. And a timing at which the detection period has passed is detected as an impact timing, and the impact timing is output,
In the threshold value changing step, the rectified waveform detected by the batting operation detecting step immediately before the predetermined period at the timing when the predetermined period has elapsed from the batting timing detected by the batting operation detecting step. 1 / x times the maximum value of the amplitude (x is a real number exceeding 1), and in a period until the next hitting timing is detected by the hitting operation detection step, Change the threshold to 1 / n times the current threshold (where n is a real number greater than 1).
A striking operation detection program characterized by the above. Based on the amplitude of a rectified waveform obtained by correlating half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification of the outputs of a plurality of sensors that detect vibrations of one or a plurality of control operators with a channel, In order to detect a striking operation on the one or more control operators,
A multi-channel amplitude level determining step for determining the amplitude of the rectified waveform of the multi-channel, a multi-channel batting operation detecting step for detecting the multi-channel batting operation, and a threshold change for changing a threshold common to the multiple channels A batting operation detection program for causing a computer to execute steps,
The amplitude level determination step for each channel, after the inter periodically away from the detected hitting timing has passed by the striking operation detection step of any channel, the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel is compared with the threshold value,
The hit operation detecting step for each channel is a detection preset from the determined timing when the amplitude level determining step for each channel determines that the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel exceeds the threshold. Detecting a value at which the amplitude of the rectified waveform of each channel within the period becomes maximum, detecting the timing at which the detection period has passed as the hit timing of each channel, and outputting the hit timing;
In the threshold changing step, at the timing when the predetermined period has elapsed from the batting timing detected by the batting operation detecting step of any channel, the threshold is changed to the batting operation of any channel immediately before the predetermined period. The value of the rectified waveform of each channel detected by the detection step is set to 1 / x times the maximum value (x is a real number exceeding 1), and the next hit timing is detected by the hit operation detection step for any channel. In the period until detection, the threshold is changed to 1 / n times the current threshold (n is a real number exceeding 1) at a predetermined threshold change period.
A striking operation detection program characterized by the above.

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