JP5235616B2 - Vegetation and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vegetation and its construction method for the purpose of greening and protecting a cut surface or a fill surface.

Patent Document 1 discloses a peripheral plant introduction type vegetation mat for the purpose of preventing erosion and germinating and fixing seeds flying in the wind. This vegetation mat forms an accommodating portion between the lower net and the upper net disposed above the lower net, and closes the mesh of the upper net covering the accommodating portion, thereby A pocket for capturing the seeds of surrounding plants is formed in the part.
JP 2006-266043 A

  However, the vegetation mat of Patent Document 1 only induces seeds (gravity-spreaded seeds and wind-spreaded seeds) that fall on the mat surface, and induces other types of seeds (bird-spreaded seeds and ant-spreaded seeds). In addition, there is a problem that deterioration due to ultraviolet rays cannot be prevented because of its low light-shielding property, and that only the seeds distributed by gravity, such as cucumber, grow in a contour line and are unnatural on the landscape.

  In order to eliminate the above problems, the present invention actively induces organisms (for example, ants and birds) to vegetation, and uses the seeds carried by these organisms for greening. It provides a type vegetation.

  In order to achieve this object, in one embodiment of the present invention, a belt-like net is used as a base material for vegetation.

  The net is formed of a synthetic resin material, a biodegradable material, or a natural fiber material. The mesh size of the net is preferably set to 1 to 5 cm, for example, so as not to inhibit plant growth. The net is alternately provided with first base material placement portions and second base material placement portions that extend in the width direction of the belt-like net with a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the net. A cylindrical vegetation base material bag containing a vegetation base is placed in the first base material placement section, and a cylindrical herbaceous base containing herbaceous seeds and a vegetation base is placed in the second base material placement section. Arrange the material bags.

  The 1st base material arrangement | positioning part by which a vegetation base material bag is arrange | positioned, and the 2nd base material arrangement | positioning part by which a herbaceous base material bag are arrange | positioned are the cylindrical accommodating parts formed in the net | network. Therefore, a vegetation base material bag and a herbaceous base material bag are arrange | positioned at a 1st and 2nd base material arrangement | positioning part by inserting in a corresponding cylindrical accommodating part.

  The interval between the base material placement portions (the above-mentioned “predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction”) is preferably about 50 cm. Originally, in order to induce wind-spreaded seeds in a herbaceous community, it is preferable to secure an open space (ecological space) of 1 square meter. By the way, since a normal slope greening net has a width of 1 meter, a space of 1 meter is required in the longitudinal direction (inclination direction of the slope) to secure a space of 1 square meter. However, if an attempt is made to secure a gap of 1 meter in the longitudinal direction, the vegetation erosion prevention effect may not be sufficiently exhibited. Considering the above, in the vegetation according to the embodiment of the present invention, the interval between the base material placement portions is set to 50 cm. However, the interval does not need to be exactly 50 cm, and may be approximately 50 cm.

  The distance (longitudinal distance) between the first base material placement portion and the second base material placement portion is not particularly limited, but the first base material placement is performed with the vegetation being placed on the slope. It is preferable that the portion is located approximately 20 cm above the second substrate placement portion.

  In general, the vegetation base material bag is preferably formed in a cylindrical shape from an easily decomposable material such as a nonwoven fabric, and its length is slightly shorter than the width of the net (usually 1 meter). A vegetation base material is accommodated inside the vegetation base material bag. The purpose of the vegetation base bag is to prevent erosion and efficiently capture wind-spreaded seeds and gravity-spreaded seeds that have fallen on the vegetation. Therefore, the vegetation base material accommodated in the vegetation base material bag need only be a soil improvement material. Soil improvers include vermiculite, peat moss, zeolite and the like. In addition to the soil improving material, water retaining agents, horticultural soil such as Kanuma soil and Akadama soil may be included. Anyway, the material of a vegetation base material can be suitably selected according to the soil and plant of vegetation. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the vegetation base material contains only soil improvement material, and seeds or fertilizers or both are excluded. However, it is of course possible to include seeds or fertilizers or both in the vegetation substrate.

  The herbaceous base material bag is generally preferably formed into a cylindrical shape from an easily decomposable material such as a non-woven fabric, and its length is slightly shorter than the width of the net (usually 1 meter). At least one kind of herbaceous seed and a vegetation base material are accommodated in the herbaceous base material bag. The vegetation base material preferably contains a soil conditioner such as vermiculite, peat moss or zeolite, a water retention agent, or a horticultural soil such as Kanuma soil or Akadama soil. For herbaceous seeds, creeping red fescue, bahiagrass, suskii, mugwort, etc. are selected.

  In addition to the vegetation base material bag described above, a cylindrical shrub base material bag including a shrub seed and a vegetation base material is placed in the first base material placement portion. The shrub base material bag is preferably formed of an easily decomposable material such as a non-woven fabric, and its length is about 25 to 30 cm. The shrub base material bags are respectively accommodated on the left side and the right side of the first base material arrangement portions adjacent to each other so that the vegetation is alternately positioned on the left and right when viewed from the front. In addition to vegetation base materials (for example, soil conditioners such as vermiculite, peat moss, zeolites, water retention agents, horticultural soils such as Kanuma soil and Akadama soil), the shrub base material bag contains at least one kind of shrub seed. The Suitable shrubs include, for example, Yamagi and Nurde.

  In the vegetation configured in this way, the first base material placement part and the second base material placement part of the vegetation that are adjacent to the left and right are arranged in a row with the width direction of the belt-shaped net directed in the contour line direction. Placed on the vegetation and fixed with appropriate fixtures.

  In the laid vegetation, first, herbaceous seeds contained in the herbaceous base material bag germinate and grow. Plants grown from the seeds of the herbaceous material bag form an ecological corridor and guide animals there. The induced animal carries plant seeds. For example, an ant that takes a vegetable food such as a black-tailed ant carries violets, which are ant-sprinkled seeds, and settles them in the vegetation. In addition, ants bring seeds such as dandelions, which are wind-spreaded seeds, back to the nest. Furthermore, the Mekura Nagari ants carry Ryobu, which is a deciduous tree, into the vegetation to establish it.

  The foliage of the plant grown from the seeds of the herbaceous base material bag captures the wind-spreaded seeds floating in the air and drops them onto the vegetation. There is also an ecological relationship between the rows of herbaceous plants grown from the seeds of each herbaceous basement bag aligned along the contour line and the rows of herbaceous plants grown from the seeds of the herbaceous basement bag adjacent to this. A gap is formed where wind-spreaded seeds and gravity-spreaded seeds are induced. The seeds that fall on the vegetation settle on the soil and grow. The fallen seeds are captured in the vegetation base material bag and grow rooted on the soil improvement material or horticultural soil contained in the vegetation base material bag.

  Plants grown from the seeds of the herbaceous base material bag also shield light from gaps between the herbaceous basement bags adjacent in the longitudinal direction to prevent the soil from drying. For example, Susuki has a particularly high light shielding property because its grass height reaches about 1 m. Spiders and snails inhabit the shaded gap, and ground beetles inhabit the ground. For this reason, the sky above the grass becomes a hunting ground for dragonflies.

  Shrubs grow from the seeds contained in the shrub base material bag with the plants growing on the vegetation. Grown shrubs promote the arrival and settlement of birds. For example, the winter birds Benihiwa and Mahiwa prefer to eat herbaceous seeds such as red pine, mugwort and evening primrose, and the herbaceous foliage is a material for the bird's nest, so it is possible to efficiently plant bird spray seeds. Can be guided to. When shrubs such as yamahagi grow to about 2 m, they become bird perches and further promote the establishment of birds and the accompanying bird spray seeds. For example, bird-spreaded seeds include rowan, goby, masaki, and mouse mochi that improve germination by passing through the body of the bird, and the establishment of these plants is promoted.

  Thus, according to the vegetation and the construction method according to the present invention, wind-spreaded seeds, gravity-sprayed seeds, and ant-sprinkled seeds are induced to the planted fabric by the plants grown from the seeds stored in the herbaceous base material bags. An environment is formed. Thereafter, in a state where the plant has propagated on the vegetation, the shrub grown from the shrub base material bag induces the bird and the bird-spreading seed accompanying it to the vegetation. Therefore, according to the present invention, an excellent slope protection environment can be obtained.

  Embodiments of the vegetation and its construction method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a partial front view of a vegetation according to the present invention. In the figure, the base material of the vegetation body 1 is formed of a belt-like net 2. The net 2 is made of synthetic resin polyethylene or biodegradable plastic fibers. The mesh size of the net 2 is designed to be about 1 to 5 cm so as not to inhibit seed fixation and plant growth. Although only a part of the net 2 is shown in the drawing, the net 2 has a length of about 10 m in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction) of the figure and a length of about 1 m in the horizontal direction (width direction) of the figure. Have The knitting method of the net 2 is arbitrary, but generally Russell knitting is used.

  The net 2 is formed with a vegetation base material placement portion 3 extending in the width direction at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the vegetation base material arrangement | positioning part 3 is formed as a cylindrical accommodating part so that the cylindrical vegetation base material bag demonstrated later can be inserted from a horizontal end. The interval in the longitudinal direction of the vegetation base material arranging portion 3 is about 50 cm. Thereby, the vegetation base material bag laid on the slope prevents erosion of the slope.

  Returning to FIG. 1, a herbaceous substrate arrangement portion 4 is formed between vegetation substrate arrangement portions 3 adjacent in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the herbaceous base material arranging portion 4 is formed as a cylindrical housing portion so that a cylindrical herbaceous base material bag described later can be inserted from the side. The interval in the longitudinal direction of the herbaceous substrate placement portion 4 is about 50 cm. Thus, an ecological gap 8 (see FIG. 3) for guiding wind-spreaded seeds is formed between the herbaceous base material bags laid on the slope. The distance between the herbaceous substrate placement unit 4 and the vegetation basement placement unit 3 is, for example, about 20 cm so as not to hinder the growth of plants that grow from the herbaceous basement bag accommodated in the herbaceous substrate placement unit 4. It is preferable to set.

  In the vegetation base material placement unit 3 and the herbaceous base material placement unit 4, an elongated vegetation base material bag 5 and a herbaceous base material bag 7 are accommodated, respectively. These bags 5 and 7 are preferably formed of a material that decomposes relatively easily, for example, a nonwoven fabric. In the embodiment, the bags 5 and 7 have a length of about 1 m so as to exist over almost the entire length of the corresponding placement portions 3 and 4 (see FIG. 3).

  The vegetation base material bag 5 contains soil improvement materials such as vermiculite, peat moss, zeolite, water retention agents, and horticultural soils such as Kanuma soil and red ball soil. Of course, it is possible to accommodate seeds and fertilizers, but they are excluded in the examples. The herbaceous base material bag 7 includes at least one kind of creeping red fescue, bahiagrass, Japanese pampas grass, mugwort, soil improvement materials such as vermiculite, peat moss and zeolite as vegetation base materials, water retention agents, kanuma soil, akatama soil, etc. Of horticultural soil.

  In addition to the vegetation base material bag 5, a cylindrical shrub base material bag 6 is placed in the vegetation base material placement unit 3. The shrub base material bag 6 is preferably formed of a material that decomposes relatively easily, for example, a non-woven fabric, and contains shrub seeds and a vegetation base material inside the bag. As the vegetation base material, soil improvement materials such as vermiculite, peat moss and zeolite, water retention agents, and horticultural soils such as Kanuma soil and Akadama soil can be used. As the shrub, Yamagi or Nurde is selected as the shrub.

  The shrub base material bags 6 have a length of about 25 cm, and are alternately arranged on one side of the vegetation base material placement unit 3. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the vegetation base material placement unit 3 at a certain stage is arranged on the left side, and the other stage adjacent to the stage is arranged on the opposite right side. Therefore, the shrub base material bags 6 appear alternately in a state where the vegetation body 1 is laid on the planting material 10. However, the arrangement of the shrub base material bag 6 is arbitrary, and may be provided only on one side (right side or left side) or on both sides of the vegetation base material placement unit 3.

  The vegetation body 1 configured in this way is laid on a vegetation 10 such as a slope with the width direction parallel to the contour line. At this time, in the plurality of vegetation bodies 1, the vegetation base material placement unit 3 and the herbaceous base material placement unit 4 of the adjacent vegetation body 1 are aligned in a line. The laid vegetation body 1 is fixed with an appropriate fixture such as an anchor pin.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the vegetation 1 laid, first, herbaceous seeds contained in the herbaceous base material bag 7 germinate quickly and grow as herbaceous plants 11. The herbaceous plants 11 form an ecological corridor along the contour lines, and guide animals there. The induced animal carries plant seeds and grows the plant on a vegetation base or slope soil. The plant 11 also shields the ecological gap 8, prevents the soil from drying, and forms a suitable growth environment for the plant. In the light-shielded gap, small insects such as insects, spiders, and snails inhabit, creating a vigorous growth environment for plants.

  The foliage of the herbaceous plant 11 captures wind-spreaded seeds floating in the air and drops them onto the vegetation. As shown in FIG. 3, an ecological gap 8 is formed between adjacent herbaceous base material bags 7, and wind-spreaded seeds and gravity-spreaded seeds are induced in the ecological gap 8. The fallen seed grows with roots on the vegetation substrate and sloped soil of the vegetation substrate bag 5, and the plant 12 grows on the vegetation fabric 10.

  Thus, the shrub 13 grows from the seed accommodated in the shrub base material bag 6 in a state where a favorable environment for plant growth is maintained. The shrub 13 promotes the arrival and settlement of birds and efficiently guides the bird seeds to the vegetation. Grown shrubs become bird perches.

The front view which shows a part of vegetation concerning the present invention. Sectional drawing which shows a part of vegetation laid in vegetation. The front view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the bag to a vegetation body. The figure which shows the condition greened by the vegetation.

Explanation of symbols

1: Vegetation 2: Net 3: Vegetation base material arrangement part (accommodating part)
4: Herbaceous substrate arrangement part (accommodating part)
5: Vegetation base material bag 6: Shrub base material bag 7: Herbaceous material base bag 8: Ecological gap 10: Vegetation 11: Herbaceous plant 12: Plant 13: Shrub

Claims (4)

  A first base material placement portion and a second base material placement portion that extend in the width direction of the belt-like net with a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the belt-like net are provided alternately. A vegetation base material bag containing a vegetation base material is disposed, a herbaceous base material bag including herbaceous seeds and a vegetation base material is disposed in the second base material disposition portion, and the width of the first base material disposition portion A vegetation body characterized in that a shrub base material bag including shrub seeds and a vegetation base material is disposed on one side of the direction so as to be alternately located on the left and right when the belt-like net is viewed from the front.   The vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined interval is 50 cm.   The vegetation body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vegetation base bag does not contain seeds, fertilizers or both.   The vegetation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first base material placement portion and the second base material placement portion of the vegetation that are adjacent to each other in the width direction of the belt-like net and in the contour line direction. A method for constructing a vegetation, which is arranged on a vegetation in an aligned state.

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