JP5220485B2 - Valve structure and two-way and three-way valves using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a valve structure for opening and closing or switching a fluid flow, and a two-way valve and a three-way valve configured using the valve structure.

  For example, a two-way valve is used to open and close the flow of various fluids flowing through a pipeline, and a three-way valve is used to switch the fluid outflow path and the fluid flow.

  Conventionally, ball valves are generally used for two-way valves and three-way valves. As shown in FIG. 7B, this ball valve is provided in the valve box 1 so that the valve chamber 2 communicates with the inflow passage 3 and the outflow passage 4 on both sides thereof. The ball valve body 7 is slidably disposed between the seat packings 5 and 6 provided in the portion that is connected to the outflow passage 4, and the ball valve body 7 is rotated by an electric actuator 8 such as a stepping motor or manually. By moving it, the communication between the inflow passage 3 and the outflow passage 4 is opened and closed.

  7B shows an example of a two-way valve, but in the case of a three-way valve, an inflow passage is provided in the lower part of the valve box body and the ball valve body 7, and both sides shown in the figure serve as outflow passages. The ball valve body 7 is rotated to selectively switch the conduction between the two outflow passages with respect to the inflow passage.

  Since such a ball valve requires airtight accuracy between the seat packings 5 and 6 and the ball valve body 7, high processing accuracy of the ball valve body 7 is required, and the friction of the seat packings 5 and 6 is required. Since expensive tetrafluoroethylene resin is used to reduce the resistance, there is a problem that the cost of the product is high.

  Further, since the ball valve body 7 is slidably disposed between the seat packings 5 and 6, the frictional resistance increases with the passage of time, and the operation force necessary to rotate the ball valve body 7 is excessive. There was also a problem of becoming.

  Therefore, there are two-way valves and three-way valves that attempt to solve the above-mentioned problems such as cost and friction resistance in the ball valve structure by opening and closing a flat valve (lift valve) type valve element with respect to the ball valve structure. Proposed.

  FIG. 7A shows a first example of a conventionally proposed flat valve type three-way valve, and an outflow passage communicating with the valve box body 11 via the valve chamber 12 and the valve holes 13 and 14 on both sides thereof. 15 and 16 and an inflow passage 17 communicating with the lower part of the valve chamber 12 is provided, and a valve body 18 for alternately opening and closing both side valve holes 13 and 14 in the valve chamber 12 is formed by valve shaft guides 19 and 20. The spindle of the electric actuator 22 which is arranged to move between the valve holes 13 and 14 by the valve shaft 21 and is fixed to the valve box body 11 by being attached to the valve shaft 21 supported coaxially with the valve holes 13 and 14. The eccentric pin 24 provided on the valve body 18 is engaged with a circumferential groove 25 provided on the upper portion of the valve body 18, and the valve body 18 is moved to the left or right together with the valve shaft 21 by the rotation of the eccentric pin 24 by the rotation of the spindle 23. Sway, communication between the inflow passage 17 and the outflow passages 15, 16 Has a structure to switch (e.g., see Patent Document 1).

  Further, as the three-way valve of the second example, in the same three-way valve as described above, the both-side valve body is directly supported by the valve body guide so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the two valve bodies are separated from the axis. The eccentric cam provided at the position is attached to the rotating shaft connected to the spindle of the electric actuator, and the valve body on both sides is selectively pressed by the rotation of the eccentric cam to switch the communication between the inflow passage and the outflow passage. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

Furthermore, as the three-way valve of the third example, in order to move the valve body, a swing lever is attached to the valve shaft that is rotated by the electric actuator, and the tip is fitted into the space formed between the valve bodies on both sides, There has been proposed one in which the valve body is moved by swinging a lever so that the communication between the inflow passage and the outflow passage is switched (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-228022 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-87529 JP 54-161122 A

  By the way, although the three-way valve of the first example can solve the problem of the manufacturing cost of the ball valve, the first problem is that the peripheral portion of the valve body receives an operating force, and therefore the direction of the fluid flow direction intersects. The component force works, the valve shaft is rubbed against the valve shaft guide, the rotational force required to move the valve body increases, the load on the electric actuator increases, and the high performance of the electric actuator is required.

  Further, as a second problem, the spindle is inserted at a position away from the axis of the valve body, and it is necessary to secure the insertion space of the spindle outside the valve body. is there.

  The three-way valves of the second and third examples also have the problems of increasing the capacity of the electric actuator and increasing the size of the entire valve, like the three-way valve of the first example.

  Therefore, the problem of the present invention is that a valve rod is slidably guided by a valve guide, and two valve bodies that open and close a valve hole formed in the valve chamber are arranged on a straight line with a smaller driving force. An object of the present invention is to provide a valve structure capable of opening and closing a valve hole by a valve body and miniaturizing the entire valve, and a two-way valve and a three-way valve using the valve structure.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a valve structure according to the present invention includes a pair of valves that integrally move so as to alternately open and close the valve holes on both sides in the valve chamber of the valve box body provided with valve holes on both sides. A valve body is accommodated, a space is formed between the valve bodies to open into the valve chamber, an opening / closing shaft is inserted into the space from the opening, and both valve bodies are rotated by rotation of the opening / closing shaft. The structure which provided the cam which selectively presses to a valve closing position is employ | adopted.

In this configuration, be the opening and closing shaft is connected to the drive shaft axis thereof at a position deviated to the axis of the drive shaft, a configuration adapted to pivot about the axis of the drive shaft can Ru.

The cam provided on the switching shaft is valve body pressing surface is formed in an arc shape over a range, the center of the arc Ru it is possible to employ a configuration that is the axis of the drive shaft.

Furthermore, the position of the valve body pressing surface of the cam, Ru can be structured set in axis substantially coincident position of the valve body.

Said valve structure is provided so as to communicate the inflow path with the outflow path of the fluid in the valve chamber provided in the valve main body, the embedded in the valve chamber of the valve main body, the outflow path and the inflow passage in the valve structure Ru can be in communication with and the two-way valve structure to perform blocking.

Also, the above valve structure communicates inflow passage and two outlet channel of the fluid in the valve chamber provided in the valve main body, the embedded in the valve chamber of the valve main body, to the inflow path at the valve structure Ru can be the three-way valve structure to perform switching of communication of the two outflow channels Te.

  Here, since the cam can be disposed to face the center of the valve body, the operating force is applied to the center of the valve body, and unnecessary force is not applied to the valve body, the valve body rod and the valve guide. It allows the body to move smoothly.

  Also, by storing the opening and closing shaft and the cam that presses both valve bodies in the space formed between both valve bodies, compared with the one that the opening and closing shaft and the drive shaft are removed from the valve body center and inserted into the valve chamber, The configuration of the valve mechanism can be made compact.

  The valve bodies on both sides are composed of a valve body, a valve body rod protruding from the valve body, and a packing fitted to the valve body, and a pair of these valve body valve body rods may be connected by integral molding. The cam may be integrally formed with the opening / closing shaft, thereby reducing the number of parts of the valve mechanism and thereby reducing the cost.

In addition, the valve body pressing surface of the cam is formed in an arc shape over a certain range, and the center of the arc is the axis of the drive shaft, so that the pressing stroke of the valve body pressing surface over the arc-shaped range is Even if the electric actuator is displaced, the valve body can be reliably pressed.

  Further, when the opening / closing shaft is connected to the driving shaft at a position where the shaft center deviates from the axis of the driving shaft, and the cam is provided on the opening / closing shaft, the opening / closing shaft is rotated according to the rotation of the driving shaft. The valve body's pressing stroke at the pressing position of the valve body is the sum of the locus and the pressing portion of the cam itself, and the cam pressing portion can be reduced. In particular, it is advantageous in terms of design when only the valve body is changed without changing the valve external dimensions of the conventional ball valve.

  Furthermore, in the structure as described above, by making the valve body pressing surface of the cam substantially the same surface as the peripheral surface of the drive shaft, the drive shaft can be linearly inserted through the valve, and the workability of the valve assembly is improved. Will improve.

  Further, the opening / closing shaft, the drive shaft, and the cam can be integrally formed, and forming the valve body pressing surface of the cam in a circular arc shape over a certain range can provide the effects as described above.

  Also, by integrally forming the opening / closing shaft, the drive shaft and the cam with synthetic resin, it is possible to absorb the force when closing the valve hole by utilizing the elasticity of the opening / closing shaft, and to eliminate the packing or packing A fitting method with a reduced compression allowance can be used.

  According to this invention, a pair of valve bodies that move integrally so as to alternately open and close the valve holes on both sides are accommodated in the valve chamber of the valve body, and a space that opens into the valve chamber is formed between the both valve bodies. Since the opening / closing shaft is inserted into the cavity from the opening, and the opening / closing shaft is provided with a cam that selectively pushes both valve bodies to the closed position by the rotation of the opening / closing shaft, The valve body can be moved smoothly by applying an operating force to the central part of the valve body, and it is not necessary to increase the capacity when operating with an electric actuator. By storing the opening / closing shaft and the cam in the space between both valve bodies, the entire valve can be reduced in size.

  Further, since the opening / closing shaft is eccentric with respect to the axis of the drive shaft, and the cam is provided on the opening / closing shaft, the pressing stroke of the valve body at the pressing position of the valve body is determined by the eccentric amount of the opening / closing shaft and the cam itself. Since the amount of pressing is combined, and the cam can be made smaller by that amount, the valve can be made compact.

  Furthermore, by connecting both valve bodies by integral molding and integrally molding the cam on the opening / closing shaft, the number of parts of the valve can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

  Further, by making the valve body pressing surface of the cam into an arc shape over a certain range, the pressing stroke of the valve body pressing surface becomes constant, and even when the electric actuator is misaligned, The body can be reliably pressed.

  Furthermore, the valve body pressing surface of the cam can be made substantially flush with the peripheral surface of the drive shaft, and the workability of valve assembly can be improved by linearly inserting the drive shaft into the valve. Can do.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 4 show a three-way valve using the valve structure of the first embodiment. A valve box 31 is provided with a valve chamber 32 located in the center, and valve holes 33 and 34 on both sides thereof. An outflow passages 35 and 36 that communicate with each other and an inflow passage 37 that communicates with a lower portion of the valve chamber 32 through a hole 37 ′ are formed. A valve structure 38 is accommodated inside the valve chamber 32, and An electric actuator 39 for operating the valve structure 38 is fixed to the upper part, and a bearing hole 40 is formed in the upper part of the valve chamber 32 in the valve box body 31 to communicate with the valve chamber 32 in a vertically coaxially arranged manner. A vertical drive shaft 41 driven by an electric actuator 39 (DC (AC) geared motor) is rotatably supported by the bearing hole 40.

  The valve structure 38 includes a valve body rod 44 in which a pair of valve bodies 42, 42 accommodated in the valve chamber 32 project in a coaxially arranged manner at opposite end surfaces of the valve body 43 and the valve body 43, A packing 45 provided on the opposite end face of the valve main body 43, and the pair of valve bodies 42, 42 are arranged on both sides in a state where a space 46 opened in the valve chamber 32 is formed between the opposing faces. A valve guide 47 is formed in a structure integrated by a crosspiece 47a, and the valve body rods 44 of both valve bodies 42, 42 pass through the corresponding valve holes 33, 34, and are provided in the outflow passages 35, 36, 47, when the one valve body 42 closes the valve hole 33 of the one outflow passage 35, the other valve body 42 opens the valve hole 34 of the other outflow passage 36, and the valve body 42 is supported. , 42 opens and closes both valve holes 33 and 34 alternately by moving in the horizontal direction. It has become way.

  An opening / closing shaft 48 is connected to the lower end of the drive shaft 41 at a position where its axis is disengaged from the axis of the drive shaft 41, and the opening / closing shaft 48 is connected to a space between both valve bodies 42, 42 in the valve structure 38. A cam 49 is provided at the lower end of the opening / closing shaft 48 to selectively press the valve bodies 42, 42.

The cam 49 is disposed opposite to the position on the center line of the both valve bodies 42, 42, and the valve body pressing surface of the cam 49 protrudes from the circumferential surface of the opening / closing shaft 48, and the valve body shown in FIGS. When the valve 42 closes the valve holes 33 and 34, it is formed in an arc shape protruding toward the valve element 42 over a certain range, and the valve element pressing surface is substantially flush with the peripheral surface of the drive shaft 41. ing.

  By doing in this way, the drive shaft 41 can be linearly inserted with respect to the valve box body 31, and valve assembly workability | operativity improves.

  As described above, the opening / closing shaft 48 is connected to the eccentric position of the drive shaft 41, and the opening / closing shaft 48 is provided with a cam 49, so that the opening / closing shaft 48 rotates the axis of the drive shaft 41 according to the rotation of the drive shaft 41. A circular trajectory moves around the center, and the pressing stroke of the valve bodies 42, 42 at the pressing position of the valve bodies 42, 42 is the sum of the trajectory and the pressing amount of the cam 49 itself, so that the pressing stroke can be made longer. As a result, the cam 49 can be made smaller, so that the valve structure 38 can be made compact.

Further, by forming the valve body pressing surface of the cam 49 in an arc shape centering on the axis of the drive shaft 41 over a certain range, the pressing stroke of the valve body pressing surface over the arc-shaped constant range becomes constant. Even if the electric actuator 39 to be fixed to the valve box body 31 is displaced, the valve bodies 42 and 42 can be surely pressed.

  In the valve structure 38, the pair of valve bodies 42, 42 on both sides may be connected by integral molding, and the drive shaft 41, the opening / closing shaft 48 and the cam 49 can also be integrally molded.

  The valve structure 38 and the three-way valve using the same according to the first embodiment are configured as described above. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the cam 49 of the opening / closing shaft 48 is on the left side of the figure. In the state where the one valve element 42 on the same side is protruded toward the end, the valve element 42 closes the valve hole 34 leading to the outflow passage 36 with the packing 45, and the other valve element 42 is separated from the valve hole 33. The fluid from the inflow passage 37 opens and flows from the valve chamber 32 through the valve hole 33 to the outflow passage 35.

  In this state, in order to switch the fluid flow from the inflow path 37 to the outflow path 36, the drive shaft 41 is rotated in one direction by the activation of the electric actuator 39. Since the opening / closing shaft 48 pivots around the axis of the drive shaft 41 and the cam 49 of the opening / closing shaft 48 also pivots similarly, the valve body pressing surface of the cam 49 moves away from the valve body 42 that closes the valve hole 34. .

  2A and 2B show the phase of the cam 49 when the drive shaft 41 rotates 90 °, and the valve body pressing surface of the cam 49 is pressed away from the valve body 42 that closes the valve hole 34. And the pressing of the other valve body 42 is started.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B show the phase of the cam 49 when the drive shaft 41 rotates 180 °. The cam 49 presses the other valve body 42, and the valve body 42 flows out by the packing 45. The valve hole 33 communicating with the passage 35 is closed, and at the same time, the one valve body 42 is in an opening phase separated from the valve hole, so that the fluid from the inflow passage 37 flows from the valve chamber 32 through the valve hole 34 to the outflow passage 36. Switch to.

  Thus, by controlling the rotation of the drive shaft 41 by 180 ° by the electric actuator 39, the flow of the fluid from the inflow path 37 can be switched to either the outflow path 35 or 36.

  The rotation of the drive shaft 41 is naturally possible not only by driving by the electric actuator 39 but also by manual operation.

  Next, FIGS. 5A and 5B show a three-way valve using the valve structure of the second embodiment, in which the valve structure is a secondary side of the valve body with respect to the valve hole. It has a structure arranged in. In addition, it replaces with description by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol to the same part as the valve structure and three-way valve of 1st Embodiment mentioned above.

  In the valve structure 38 of the second embodiment, a pair of pressure receiving plates 50, 50 coupled by a cross rail 47a is accommodated in the valve chamber 32 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction. A space 46 that opens in the valve chamber 32 is formed therebetween, and valve body rods 44, 44 project from the opposite end surfaces of the two pressure receiving plates 50, 50 in a coaxial arrangement. , 44 penetrate the corresponding valve holes 33, 34 in the axial direction, and are supported by valve guides 47, 47 provided in the valve holes 33, 34 so as to be movable in the axial direction. Valve bodies 42 and 42 are fixed to portions located in the outflow passages 35 and 36. Accordingly, the valve bodies 42 and 42 are accommodated in the outflow passages 35 and 36, and the valve holes 33 and 34 are alternately opened and closed in the outflow passages 35 and 36.

  An opening / closing shaft 48 is inserted into a space 46 formed between the opposed surfaces of the pressure receiving plates 50, 50, and the cam 49 provided on the opening / closing shaft 48 is positioned on the axial center line of the valve body 42. 50, the valve body 42 on the pressure receiving plate 50 side pushed by the cam 49 opens the valve hole 33 or 34, and the valve body 42 on the pressure receiving plate 50 side not pushed by the cam in the case shown in the figure. Will close the valve hole 34 or 33.

  Also in the three-way valve of the second embodiment, the flow of the fluid from the inflow path 37 is switched to either the outflow path 35 or 36 by controlling the drive shaft 41 to rotate 180 ° by the electric actuator 39. Can do.

  In the above-described three-way valve according to the first and second embodiments, if the outflow side end of either one of the outflow passages 35 or 36 is closed by a closing plate or the like, the three-way valve remains as it is as a two-way valve. Can be used.

  FIGS. 6A and 6B show a two-way valve using the valve structure of the second embodiment described above. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part as the three-way valve using the valve structure of 2nd Embodiment, and it replaces with description.

  One side is the inflow path 51 and the other side is the outflow path 52 across the valve chamber 32 of the valve box body 31. In the illustrated example, the valve body 42 is disposed in the inflow path 51, and the outflow path 52 side extends from the valve hole 34 to the valve body. If the structure is such that the rod 44 only protrudes, the fluid flowing from the inflow path 51 to the outflow path 52 via the valve chamber 32 can be flowed out and shut off by opening and closing the valve hole 33 by the valve body 42.

  Although not shown in the figure, in the valve structure 38 of the first embodiment, if the packing 45 of the one-side valve body 42 is omitted, a two-way valve similar to that shown in FIG. 6 can be configured.

  In the two-way valve as described above, the flow of the fluid from the inflow path 51 to the outflow path 52 can be blocked or opened by controlling the drive shaft 41 to rotate 180 ° by the electric actuator 39.

(A) is the front view which cut through the principal part of the three-way valve using the valve structure which concerns on this invention, (b) is the cross-sectional top view (A) shows the three-way valve using the valve structure according to the present invention, and a front view in which a main part is cut longitudinally when the drive shaft is rotated 90 ° from the state of FIG. 1, (b) is a cross-sectional plan view thereof. (A) shows the three-way valve using the valve structure which concerns on this invention, the front view which cut the principal part when the drive shaft rotated 180 degrees from the state of FIG. 1, (b) is the cross-sectional top view The perspective view which cut through the three-way valve using the valve structure concerning this invention vertically (A) is the front view which cut through the principal part of the three-way valve using the valve structure of the other example which concerns on this invention, (b) is the cross-sectional top view (A) is the front view which cut through the principal part of the two-way valve using the valve structure which concerns on this invention, (b) is the cross-sectional top view (A) is a longitudinal front view showing a three-way valve using a conventional flat valve, (b) is a longitudinal front view showing a two-way valve using a conventional ball valve body.

Explanation of symbols

31 Valve box body 32 Valve chamber 33 Valve hole 34 Valve hole 35 Outflow path 36 Outflow path 37 Inflow path 38 Valve structure 39 Electric actuator 40 Bearing hole 41 Drive shaft 42 Valve body 43 Valve body 44 Valve body rod 45 Packing 46 Space 47 Valve guide 48 Opening / closing shaft 49 Cam 50 Pressure receiving plate 51 Inflow path 52 Outflow path

Claims (6)

A pair of valves that move integrally in a valve chamber (32) of a valve box (31) provided with valve holes (33, 34) on both sides so as to alternately open and close the valve holes (33, 34) on both sides The body (42, 42) is accommodated, and a space (46) opening into the valve chamber (32) is formed between the valve bodies (42, 42), and an opening / closing shaft (48) is formed in the space (46). ) Is inserted through the opening, and the valve body pressing surface for selectively pressing the valve bodies (42) to the closed position by the rotation of the opening / closing shaft (48) is provided on the opening / closing shaft (48). 48) only set the cam (49) projecting from the peripheral surface, prior SL-off shaft (48), coupled to the drive shaft (41) with its axis at a position off the axis of the drive shaft (41) and has a valve structure adapted to pivot axis at the center of shaft (41) driving Te. Upper hear beam (49), the axis of the valve body (42) pressing surface is formed in an arc shape that protrudes toward the valve body (42) over a range, the center of the arc drive shaft (41) The valve structure according to claim 1, which is a heart .   The valve structure according to claim 2, wherein the valve body pressing surface of the cam (49) is substantially flush with the peripheral surface of the drive shaft (41). The cam (49) has a position where the position of the pressing surface of the valve body (42) substantially coincides with the axis of the valve body (42) when the valve body (42) closes the valve hole (33, 34). 4. The valve structure according to claim 1, wherein the valve structure is positioned at the center of the valve body (42) . A fluid inflow path (51) and an outflow path (52) are provided in communication with a valve chamber (32) provided in the valve box body (31), and in the valve chamber (32) of the valve box body (31), The valve structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the valve hole (33, 34) is a hole communicating with the valve chamber (32) of the inflow path (51) and the outflow path (52), A two-way valve having a structure that allows communication between the inflow path (51) and the outflow path (52). A fluid inflow path (37) and two outflow paths (35, 36) communicate with a valve chamber (32) provided in the valve box body (31), and the valve chambers (35, 36) of the two outflow paths (35, 36) ( 32) is a valve hole (33, 34), and a hole (37 ') is formed in the valve box body (31) between the valve holes (33, 34). 37 '), the valve structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inflow passage (37) is communicated with the valve chamber (32) via the valve chamber (32) of the valve box body (31). A three-way valve that is incorporated in the valve and that switches the communication of the two outflow passages (35, 36) to the inflow passage (37) with this valve structure.

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