JP5209386B2 - Exhaust method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for exhausting smoke as a disaster prevention system in a building, particularly a movie theater.

  For example, in a commercial facility such as a store building, as shown in Patent Document 1, a fire prevention and smoke prevention section is set on each floor, a smoke storage space is secured on the upper part, and forced smoke is discharged from the smoke storage space by a smoke exhaust fan. Like to do.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air in the fire chamber 1 is forcibly drawn out to the outside of the fire chamber 1 by the machine smoke exhaust device 2 alone, and the smoke exhauster is operated to exhaust the smoke from the room. In this way, the inside of the fire generation chamber 1 is in a negative pressure state as compared with other spaces such as an evacuation space 3 such as an evacuation corridor.
JP 2007-24469 A

  When such a forced mechanical smoke exhaust system is implemented in a soundproof room such as a spectator seat in a movie theater, for example, the soundproof room is a space that requires sound insulation, so that it has high airtightness and mechanical exhaust. Due to the operation of the smoke facility 2, the inside of the fire generating chamber 1 is in an extremely negative pressure state.

  In the event of a fire, you will be evacuated from the evacuation door 4, but the evacuation door 4 is open outside for legal purposes. A force is applied in the pulling direction, and it becomes difficult to open the evacuation door 4 due to a pressure difference with the outside, and it is difficult to evacuate safely.

  In addition, it is possible to eliminate the pressure difference by directly introducing outside air into the fire chamber 1, but in this way, fresh air suddenly enters the fire chamber 1 and the fire is promoted. It is dangerous and is not allowed in the legal system.

  In order to solve the disadvantages of the conventional example, the present invention ensures the safety of evacuation by balancing the pressure between the fire-generating room and the outside, even in the case of an open evacuation door, making it easier to open the evacuation door. In particular, when implemented in a highly airtight space such as a soundproof room, the present invention provides an effective method of exhausting smoke while ensuring airtightness.

The present invention as set forth in claim 1 is provided with a pressure adjusting space communicating with the fire generating chamber by the ventilation means, and a mechanical smoke exhausting device that is activated simultaneously in the fire generating chamber and the evacuating space is arranged so that when a fire occurs. The fire chamber is communicated with the pressure adjustment space, the negative pressure in the fire chamber is dispersed and reduced in the space, and the evacuation space in contact with the fire chamber is also reduced at the same time as the fire chamber, The gist is to balance the pressure in the three spaces of the fire generation chamber, the space, and the evacuation space .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the event of a fire, the fire generating chamber is communicated with the pressure adjusting space by the ventilation means so that the negative pressure in the fire generating chamber is dispersed and reduced in the space, and the mechanical smoke is discharged. By simultaneously operating the equipment in the fire chamber and the evacuation space to disperse the pressure in the smoke exhaust duct, the pressure in the evacuation space and the fire chamber that are in contact with the fire chamber can be reduced simultaneously to balance the pressure. Plan. Therefore, it becomes easy to open even if the evacuation door provided in the fire chamber is open.

Also, for example, in a movie theater, assuming that the fire occurrence room is a soundproof room with a high airtight and sound-insulating property, the small rooms close to the fire occurrence room are a projection room, an acoustic room, etc. Is normally suitable as a space for pressure dispersion because it produces less noise and is easy to take measures against sound insulation.

  As described above, the smoke exhausting method of the present invention is applicable to the pressure between the fire generating room and the outdoor when the air in the fire generating room is forcibly exhausted by the mechanical smoke exhausting equipment, even in the case of an open evacuation door. Equilibrium, decompression of the fire chamber and easy opening of the evacuation door to ensure safety of evacuation, especially when implemented in highly airtight spaces such as soundproof rooms and soundproof rooms. While effective.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the smoke exhausting method of the present invention. The same components as those in the conventional example shown in FIG.

  In the figure, for example, a soundproof room, a sound insulation room or the like, which is a spectator seat in a movie theater or the like, shows a fire generating room, and a small room adjacent to the fire generating room 1 is connected by a ventilation duct 6 to adjust the pressure of the small room This space 5 is used. In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes an inner opening door provided in the space 5.

  The small room is used as a back room such as a projection room or a sound room, and is provided with an inner door 7 so that noise is not generated normally and it is easy to take measures against sound insulation.

  A mechanical smoke exhaust system 2 is installed in a spectator seat that is assumed to be the fire generating room 1, and a smoke exhaust port 2 a is opened in the fire generating room 1.

  Further, another smoke exhaust port 2b connected to the mechanical smoke exhaust system 2 is also opened in the evacuation space 3 such as an evacuation corridor adjacent to the fire generating chamber 1, and the smoke exhaust ports 2a and 2b are connected to the mechanical exhaust system 2. It is configured to be opened at the same time by activation.

  A method for exhausting smoke at the time of a fire in a spectator seat assumed in the fire generating room 1 using such smoke exhausting equipment will be described. When a fire occurs in the audience seats of a movie theater and this becomes the fire generating chamber 1, the mechanical smoke exhausting facility 2 is activated and the air in the fire generating chamber 1 is discharged from the smoke exhaust port 2a to the outside.

  At this time, the inside of the fire generation chamber 1 is in a state where, for example, a negative pressure of about 1600 pa is applied to the wall surface of the fire generation chamber 1 due to smoke exhaust. Have difficulty. The minimum negative pressure at which the evacuation door 4 can be opened manually is about 100 pa.

  However, according to the present invention, since the adjacent small chambers are communicated by the ventilation duct as the pressure adjusting space 5, the air in the space 5 can be drawn into the fire generating chamber 1. Is distributed in the adjacent space 5.

  As a result, the negative pressure applied to the wall surface of the fire chamber 1 is reduced to about 600 pa.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, not only the smoke exhaust port 2a in the fire generating chamber 1 but also the smoke exhaust port 2b in the evacuation space 3 are simultaneously opened, and the pressure in the smoke exhaust duct of the mechanical smoke exhaust system 2 is dispersed. Reduce the pressure on the wall in the fire chamber 1.

  Thereby, the negative pressure in the fire generating chamber 1 is reduced to about 60 pa. This value is a value at which the evacuation door 4 can be opened manually. In this way, the pressure is balanced in the three spaces of the fire generation chamber 1, the space 5, and the evacuation space 3. Therefore, the audience in the fire chamber 1 can safely escape into the outdoor evacuation space 3.

  In this case, since the pressure in the fire chamber 1 is reduced, air is not directly taken from the outside, so there is no danger, and the pressure adjusting space 5 communicated by the ventilation duct is provided in the adjacent projection room. By using a sound chamber, it is not only necessary to separately install the pressure adjusting space 5, but even if such a space is formed adjacently, it does not become a noise generation source, Sound insulation measures are easy and reasonable.

  If the spatial rationality in the case of forming the pressure adjusting space 5 is not questioned, it is possible to use a ventilation duct even in a place separated from the fire generating room 1 where a fire is expected, for example, a remote place. If communication is possible, a space for pressure adjustment can be separately provided here.

  In addition, the pressure adjusting space 5 becomes negative pressure compared with other spaces by interlocking with the fire occurrence chamber 1, but the door 7 provided here in the space 5 is inwardly open, Evacuees from the space 5 can easily open the door 7. In addition, if this door 7 is a fire-linked open type, it is possible to simultaneously ensure pressure adjustment linked to the occurrence of a fire and safety of evacuation from the space 5.

  The present invention can be applied not only to the audience seats of movie theaters as described above, but also to a fire-presumed room when testing a smoke evacuation device. It can avoid being destroyed by pressure.

It is explanatory drawing which shows embodiment of the smoke exhaustion method of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional smoke exhausting equipment and the smoke exhausting method.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fire chamber 2 Machine smoke exhaust system 2a, 2b Smoke vent 3 Evacuation space 4 Evacuation door 5 Space 6 Ventilation duct 7 Door

Claims (1)

There is a space for pressure adjustment that communicates with the fire chamber with ventilation means, and a mechanical smoke exhaust system that is activated simultaneously in the fire chamber and the evacuation space is installed. The negative pressure in the fire chamber is distributed to the space and reduced in pressure, and the evacuation space in contact with the fire chamber is also reduced at the same time as the fire chamber. A method for exhausting smoke, characterized in that pressure is balanced in three spaces .

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