JP5202221B2 - Method for recovering carbon dioxide in exhaust gas - Google Patents
Method for recovering carbon dioxide in exhaust gas Download PDFInfo
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- JP5202221B2 JP5202221B2 JP2008256921A JP2008256921A JP5202221B2 JP 5202221 B2 JP5202221 B2 JP 5202221B2 JP 2008256921 A JP2008256921 A JP 2008256921A JP 2008256921 A JP2008256921 A JP 2008256921A JP 5202221 B2 JP5202221 B2 JP 5202221B2
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 96
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 7
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明は、バイオマス発電、炭化物製造装置等から発生する排ガス中の二酸化炭素を回収する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for recovering carbon dioxide in exhaust gas generated from biomass power generation, carbide production equipment, or the like.
温室効果ガスの削減について、近年、急速に世界中で議論されるようになっている中、温暖化係数の高い物質であるフロン類、メタン等についてはその対策が進んでいるものの、それらに比べ温暖化係数の低い二酸化炭素については経済的に見合わない等の理由で余りその対策がなされていないのが現状である。 In recent years, there has been a rapid discussion around the world regarding the reduction of greenhouse gases, but measures are being taken for chlorofluorocarbons, methane, etc., which are substances with a high global warming potential. The current situation is that carbon dioxide, which has a low global warming potential, has not been adequately addressed because it is not economically appropriate.
しかし、近年における新興国の急速な経済発展にも誘発されて大気中の二酸化炭素濃度は急上昇しており、排ガス、特に大規模排出源である石炭火力発電所等において発生する排ガス中の二酸化炭素を除去・回収することに対し要望が高まっている。 However, in recent years, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has risen sharply, triggered by the rapid economic development of emerging countries. Carbon dioxide in exhaust gas, especially in coal-fired power plants that are large-scale emission sources, etc. There is a growing demand for removing and recovering the waste.
排ガス中の二酸化炭素を除去する技術にはいくつかある。例えば、液体を用いて吸収させる方法として、Rectisol法、Selexol法、Purisol法等の、原料ガス中の二酸化炭素を吸収液中に物理吸収させて除去する方法や、エタノールアミン洗浄法、熱炭酸カリ洗浄法、Giammerco-Vectrocoke法、ＮａＯＨ洗浄法等の吸収速度および吸収液の吸収能を増大させることを目的として反応吸収によって二酸化炭素の効果的な除去を行おうとする方法等が一般的に知られている。 There are several techniques for removing carbon dioxide in exhaust gas. For example, as a method of absorption using a liquid, a method such as the Rectisol method, Selexol method, Purisol method, etc., in which carbon dioxide in the raw material gas is physically absorbed in the absorption liquid, ethanolamine cleaning method, There are generally known methods such as cleaning methods, Giammerco-Vectrocoke methods, NaOH cleaning methods, etc. that try to effectively remove carbon dioxide by reaction absorption for the purpose of increasing the absorption rate and absorption capacity of the absorbing solution. ing.
また、特許文献１には、吸収装置としてスクラバーを用いて二酸化炭素含有気体をアルカリ性の吸収液に気液接触させることにより二酸化炭素を除去する方法が記載されている。
しかしながら、上記のいずれの方法においても、二酸化炭素を吸収させるための吸収液を用意しなければならず、また吸収液は経時的に劣化するため、吸収液のための材料コストが高くなるという問題がある。特に、今後、大気中の二酸化炭素濃度を抑制するという世界的な要望から大規模に二酸化炭素を除去する必要性が考えられ、そうした場合に、経済的に見合うように排ガス中の二酸化炭素を除去・回収する方法が求められることになる。 However, in any of the above methods, an absorption liquid for absorbing carbon dioxide must be prepared, and the absorption liquid deteriorates with time, so that the material cost for the absorption liquid increases. There is. In particular, it is necessary to remove carbon dioxide on a large scale due to the global demand to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in the future. -A method to collect is required.
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、効率的に排ガス中の二酸化炭素を除去・回収することができ、かつ材料コストを抑えることができる排ガス中の二酸化炭素の除去・回収方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a method for removing and recovering carbon dioxide in exhaust gas, which can efficiently remove and recover carbon dioxide in exhaust gas, and can suppress material costs. The purpose is to provide.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明者は、前記の従来技術の方法に対し、材料コストを抑える手段としてバイオマス資源から主にカリウム成分を抽出し、その抽出液を二酸化炭素の吸収液に用いることを想定し、詳細に実験を行ったところ、特に畜糞を燃焼した後の灰あるいは低酸素濃度雰囲気下で加熱処理した炭化物は、それらのカリウム成分の水への溶出性が高く、また特に試薬の添加が無くても二酸化炭素を吸収するのに適するｐＨを有することを見出し、本発明に至った。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor extracts mainly potassium components from biomass resources as means for reducing the material cost, and uses the extracted liquid as a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid. As a result of experiments conducted in detail, especially ashes after burning livestock dung or carbides heat-treated in an atmosphere of low oxygen concentration have high elution properties of their potassium components in water, It has been found that it has a pH suitable for absorbing carbon dioxide even without the addition, and has led to the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は、畜糞または畜糞堆肥の加熱残渣を水で洗浄することにより得られる洗浄液を燃焼排ガスと接触させることにより該洗浄液に燃焼排ガス中の二酸化炭素を吸収させ、次いで、二酸化炭素を吸収した洗浄液から二酸化炭素を回収する方法である。 That is, the present invention allows the cleaning liquid obtained by cleaning the heated residue of livestock dung or livestock manure compost with water to contact the combustion exhaust gas, so that the cleaning liquid absorbs carbon dioxide in the combustion exhaust gas, and then absorbs carbon dioxide. In this method, carbon dioxide is recovered from the washed liquid.
前記加熱残渣は、好ましくは、空気雰囲気下に燃焼することにより得られるものである。 The heating residue is preferably obtained by burning in an air atmosphere.
前記加熱残渣は、好ましくは、酸素欠乏雰囲気下に２００〜８５０℃、より好ましくは３００〜６００℃で加熱することにより得られるものである。 The heating residue is preferably obtained by heating at 200 to 850 ° C., more preferably 300 to 600 ° C. in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere.
前記洗浄液は、好ましくは、前記加熱残渣を複数回洗浄することにより得られたものである。 The washing liquid is preferably obtained by washing the heating residue a plurality of times.
前記洗浄液は、好ましくは、ｐＨ７．５以上のアルカリ性溶液である。 The cleaning liquid is preferably an alkaline solution having a pH of 7.5 or higher.
上記本発明の方法は、好ましくは、スクラバーを用いて二酸化炭素を吸収するものである。 The method of the present invention preferably absorbs carbon dioxide using a scrubber.
また、本発明は、畜糞または畜糞堆肥の加熱残渣を水で洗浄することにより得られる、二酸化炭素の吸収・回収用の洗浄液である。 Moreover, this invention is a washing | cleaning liquid for absorption and collection | recovery of a carbon dioxide obtained by wash | cleaning the heating residue of livestock manure or livestock manure compost with water.
本発明の方法は、畜糞または畜糞堆肥の加熱残渣を水で洗浄することにより得られる洗浄液を排ガス中の二酸化炭素を吸収・回収するために利用するので、コストを要する新規薬品を追加することなく排ガス中の二酸化炭素を除去するシステムを構築することができる。このような洗浄液を利用するシステムは廃棄物の再利用という観点からも持続可能性のある技術と言える。 In the method of the present invention, the cleaning liquid obtained by cleaning the heated residue of livestock manure or livestock manure compost with water is used to absorb and recover the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, so that it is possible to add no costly new chemicals. A system for removing carbon dioxide in exhaust gas can be constructed. Such a system using a cleaning liquid can be said to be a sustainable technology from the viewpoint of recycling waste.
以下、図面を参考にしながら本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
図１は、本発明の方法を行うために使用される装置群の一例である。 FIG. 1 is an example of a group of devices used to perform the method of the present invention.
本発明の方法を実施するに際し、まず、蓄糞または蓄糞堆肥（以下、簡単のため「蓄糞等」と称する）を焼却（空気中の高酸素雰囲気下）または炭化（低酸素雰囲気下、２００〜８５０℃の温度）するための焼却炉あるいは炭化炉（以下、簡単のため、「焼却炉」と称する）（１）において、蓄糞等を焼却灰または炭化物である加熱残渣とする。 In carrying out the method of the present invention, first, the feces or compost (hereinafter referred to as “feces etc.” for simplicity) is incinerated (in a high oxygen atmosphere in air) or carbonized (in a low oxygen atmosphere). In an incinerator or carbonization furnace (hereinafter referred to as “incinerator” for simplicity) (1) (1), the stored feces or the like is heated residue that is incineration ash or carbide.
次いで、得られた加熱残渣を洗浄槽（２）に投入する。 Subsequently, the obtained heating residue is put into a washing tank (2).
洗浄槽（２）には水が充填されており、洗浄槽（２）内を十分に攪拌することにより、加熱残渣に含まれる有用成分であるカリウムが水中に抽出される。こうして得られたカリウムを含有する水は、排ガス中の二酸化炭素を吸収させる洗浄液として使用される。抽出後の残渣は、コンベア（３）によって外部に排出される。 The washing tank (2) is filled with water, and potassium, which is a useful component contained in the heated residue, is extracted into the water by sufficiently stirring the inside of the washing tank (2). The water containing potassium thus obtained is used as a cleaning liquid for absorbing carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas. The residue after extraction is discharged to the outside by the conveyor (3).
一方、蓄糞等を焼却炉（１）で燃焼等させて発生した排ガスは、排ガス二次燃焼炉（４）にて二次燃焼処理に付される。 On the other hand, the exhaust gas generated by burning stored feces or the like in the incinerator (1) is subjected to secondary combustion treatment in the exhaust gas secondary combustion furnace (4).
吸収塔（５）は、排ガス中の二酸化炭素を吸収・除去するための施設であり、例えば、スクラバーが挙げられる。吸収塔（５）には、バイオマス発電、炭化物製造装置等からの二酸化炭素含有排ガスが導入される。また、上記二次燃焼炉（４）からの排ガスは、水、窒素、二酸化炭素を主として含んでいるので、二酸化炭素を吸収・除去するために、これも吸収塔（５）に導入される。 The absorption tower (5) is a facility for absorbing and removing carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, and examples thereof include a scrubber. Carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas from biomass power generation, carbide production equipment or the like is introduced into the absorption tower (5). Further, since the exhaust gas from the secondary combustion furnace (4) mainly contains water, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, it is also introduced into the absorption tower (5) in order to absorb and remove carbon dioxide.
上記いずれの排ガスも、吸収塔（５）の内部に導入され、充填材層（５ａ）を通過し、その頂部から排出されるようになっている。充填材層（５ａ）に充填される充填材は特に限定されるものではないが、ＣＯ２ガスの当該吸収液への吸収率向上を目的とした充填材、例えばラシヒリングやテラレット等が充填される。 Any of the above exhaust gases is introduced into the absorption tower (5), passes through the filler layer (5a), and is discharged from the top thereof. The filler to be filled in the filler layer (5a) is not particularly limited, but is filled with a filler for the purpose of improving the absorption rate of the CO 2 gas into the absorption liquid, such as Raschig ring or terralet. .
また、吸収塔（５）には、洗浄槽（２）で作製された洗浄液が導管を通じて吸収塔（５）に入り、内部に散布される。散布された洗浄液は、充填材層（５ａ）を通過して下方に浸透し、吸収塔（５）の底部に貯まる。洗浄液が下方に移動するに従って、洗浄液中のカリウム成分は、上昇する排出ガスと接触することにより、排出ガス中の二酸化炭素と下記（１）式により反応し、排ガス中の二酸化炭素は洗浄液中に吸収される。 In the absorption tower (5), the cleaning liquid prepared in the cleaning tank (2) enters the absorption tower (5) through a conduit and is dispersed inside. The sprayed cleaning liquid passes through the filler layer (5a), penetrates downward, and accumulates at the bottom of the absorption tower (5). As the cleaning liquid moves downward, the potassium component in the cleaning liquid comes into contact with the rising exhaust gas and reacts with carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas according to the following formula (1), and the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas enters the cleaning liquid. Absorbed.
ＣＯ２ ＋ ＫＯＨ → ＫＨＣＯ３ ・・・（１）
このようにして二酸化炭素が吸収されるため、吸収塔（５）から排出される排出ガスは、二酸化炭素濃度１％以下になる。
CO 2 + KOH → KHCO 3 (1)
Since carbon dioxide is absorbed in this way, the exhaust gas discharged from the absorption tower (5) has a carbon dioxide concentration of 1% or less.
二酸化炭素を吸収した洗浄液は、加熱器（６）において熱交換された後、
導管を通じて再生塔（７）の内部に散布される。再生塔（７）内には、充填材を充填した充填層（７ａ）が設けられており、洗浄液は、充填材層（７ａ）を経て下方に向かう。充填材層（７ａ）に充填される充填材は特に限定されるものではないが、効率のよい熱交換を目的とした充填材、例えばラシヒリングやテラレット等が充填される。
The cleaning liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide is subjected to heat exchange in the heater (6).
It is sprayed into the regeneration tower (7) through a conduit. A packed bed (7a) filled with a filler is provided in the regeneration tower (7), and the cleaning liquid travels downward through the filler layer (7a). The filler to be filled in the filler layer (7a) is not particularly limited, but is filled with a filler for the purpose of efficient heat exchange, such as Raschig ring or terralet.
再生塔（７）の底部に貯まった二酸化炭素含有の洗浄液は、蒸気等の加熱媒体によって１２０℃程度に加熱される。この加熱によって、下記（２）式に従って二酸化炭素が生じる。 The carbon dioxide-containing cleaning liquid stored at the bottom of the regeneration tower (7) is heated to about 120 ° C. by a heating medium such as steam. This heating produces carbon dioxide according to the following formula (2).
２ＫＨＣＯ３ → ＣＯ２ ＋ Ｋ２ＣＯ３ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ ・・・（２）
生じた二酸化炭素は、再生塔（７）の頂部から排出される。排出される二酸化炭素は高濃度であり、圧縮・液化されて再利用に供されるか、あるいは地中に貯留される。
2KHCO 3 → CO 2 + K 2 CO 3 + H 2 O (2)
The generated carbon dioxide is discharged from the top of the regeneration tower (7). The discharged carbon dioxide has a high concentration and is compressed and liquefied for reuse or stored in the ground.
二酸化炭素が除去された後の再生塔（７）の底部の洗浄液は、上記（２）式に示すように炭酸カリウム含有水溶液であるが、この水溶液も、下記（３）（上記（２）式の逆式）に示すように、二酸化炭素を吸収するための洗浄液として利用することができるので、再度、加熱器（６）において、再生塔（７）に入ることになる吸収塔（５）からの二酸化炭素含有洗浄液と熱交換した後に、吸収塔（５）内に散布される。 The washing liquid at the bottom of the regeneration tower (7) after carbon dioxide is removed is a potassium carbonate-containing aqueous solution as shown in the above formula (2). This aqueous solution is also the following (3) (the above formula (2) Since it can be used as a cleaning liquid for absorbing carbon dioxide, as shown in the inverse formula of (2), again from the absorption tower (5) that will enter the regeneration tower (7) in the heater (6). After exchanging heat with the carbon dioxide-containing cleaning liquid, it is sprayed into the absorption tower (5).
ＣＯ２ ＋ Ｋ２ＣＯ３ ＋ Ｈ２Ｏ → ２ＫＨＣＯ３ ・・・（３）
したがって、カリウム含有の洗浄液は、複数回にわたって二酸化炭素を吸収するために用いることができる。
CO 2 + K 2 CO 3 + H 2 O → 2KHCO 3 (3)
Accordingly, the potassium-containing cleaning solution can be used to absorb carbon dioxide multiple times.
焼却または炭化処理される蓄糞等としては、有用成分であるカリウムをより多く取り出すことができるという点で、植物由来のカリウムを多く含む蓄糞等であることが好ましい。発明者が別途行った実験によると、豚糞堆肥を８００℃で燃焼させた場合、その焼却灰に含まれるカリウム濃度は、Ｋ２Ｏの重量換算で約９％であり、また、同じ試料を酸素低雰囲気下５００℃で炭化した後の炭化物に含まれるカリウム濃度はＫ２Ｏ換算で約６％であった。 The stored feces or the like to be incinerated or carbonized is preferably stored feces or the like containing a lot of plant-derived potassium in that more useful potassium can be taken out. According to an experiment conducted separately by the inventor, when swine manure compost was burned at 800 ° C., the potassium concentration contained in the incinerated ash was about 9% in terms of the weight of K 2 O, and the same sample was used. The potassium concentration contained in the carbide after carbonization at 500 ° C. in a low oxygen atmosphere was about 6% in terms of K 2 O.
また、得られた炭化物を１０倍量の重量の水に入れ、振とうし、ろ過した後、ろ液のカリウム濃度を測定したところ、炭化物に含まれるカリウムの約２５％が水に溶出することが分かった。また、蓄糞等の試料を燃焼炉で燃焼または炭化させ、その後、洗浄槽に供給する場合、例えば、１００ｇの炭化物には６ｇのＫ２Ｏが含まれ、これを水に溶かすと１．５ｇ（２５％）が溶出するが、水が炭化物の１０倍量である１ｋｇであるので、溶出液中のＫ２Ｏ濃度は１．５ｇ／Ｌ＝０．１５％となる。この溶液に、さらに新たに炭化物を入れてＫ２Ｏを溶出させると、溶出液のＫ２Ｏ濃度は倍の０．３％となる。このような溶出操作を１００回繰り返すと計算上Ｋ２Ｏ濃度は１５％になる。このような操作を行えば、一般的な熱炭酸カリ法で使用されるカリウム濃度１４〜１７重量％（Ｋ２Ｏとして）の洗浄液を比較的容易に作製することができることが分かる。また、このようにして作製された洗浄液は、ｐＨ７．５以上のアルカリ性であり、ｐＨ調整のために特に別の試薬を添加することもなく、二酸化炭素を吸収するのに適したｐＨを有している。 Moreover, when the obtained carbide is put in 10 times the weight of water, shaken and filtered, and the potassium concentration of the filtrate is measured, about 25% of potassium contained in the carbide is eluted in water. I understood. In addition, when a sample such as feces is burned or carbonized in a combustion furnace and then supplied to the washing tank, for example, 100 g of carbide contains 6 g of K 2 O, and 1.5 g when dissolved in water. (25%) is eluted, but since water is 1 kg, which is 10 times the amount of carbide, the K 2 O concentration in the eluate is 1.5 g / L = 0.15%. If a new carbide is further added to this solution to elute K 2 O, the K 2 O concentration of the eluate becomes double 0.3%. When such an elution operation is repeated 100 times, the K 2 O concentration is calculated to be 15%. It can be seen that a cleaning solution having a potassium concentration of 14 to 17% by weight (as K 2 O) used in a general hot potassium carbonate method can be prepared relatively easily by performing such an operation. In addition, the cleaning solution thus prepared is alkaline with a pH of 7.5 or higher, and has a pH suitable for absorbing carbon dioxide without adding another reagent for pH adjustment. ing.
なお、燃焼炉（１）が炭化炉である場合、タービンやエンジンなどの発電装置を取り付けて排ガスを扱うことも可能である。 In addition, when a combustion furnace (1) is a carbonization furnace, it is also possible to attach power generators, such as a turbine and an engine, and to handle exhaust gas.
１ 燃焼炉
２ 洗浄槽
３ コンベア
４ 排ガス二次燃焼炉
５ 吸収塔
６ 加熱器
７ 再生塔
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