JP5185532B2 - 中性媒質中に安定なフェロ流体、および変性された表面を有する粒子を用いたフェロ流体 - Google Patents
中性媒質中に安定なフェロ流体、および変性された表面を有する粒子を用いたフェロ流体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5185532B2 JP5185532B2 JP2006530350A JP2006530350A JP5185532B2 JP 5185532 B2 JP5185532 B2 JP 5185532B2 JP 2006530350 A JP2006530350 A JP 2006530350A JP 2006530350 A JP2006530350 A JP 2006530350A JP 5185532 B2 JP5185532 B2 JP 5185532B2
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydromaleimide Natural products O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium Chemical class [Li][Li] SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002433 hydrophilic molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940096010 iron polysaccharide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004556 laser interferometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005439 maleimidyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC(N1*)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N periodic acid Chemical class OI(=O)(=O)=O KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JGVWCANSWKRBCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylrhodamine thiocyanate Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[O+]C2=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=C(SC#N)C=C1C(O)=O JGVWCANSWKRBCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBMUZYGBAGFCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-phenylethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 UBMUZYGBAGFCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
- A61K49/18—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes
- A61K49/1818—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1821—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1824—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles
- A61K49/1827—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle
- A61K49/1833—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with a small organic molecule
- A61K49/1848—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with a small organic molecule the small organic molecule being a silane
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- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
- A61K49/18—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes
- A61K49/1818—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1821—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1824—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles
- A61K49/1827—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle
- A61K49/1851—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule
- A61K49/1857—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule the organic macromolecular compound being obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. PLGA
- A61K49/186—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule the organic macromolecular compound being obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. PLGA the organic macromolecular compound being polyethyleneglycol [PEG]
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
- A61K49/18—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes
- A61K49/1818—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1821—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1824—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles
- A61K49/1827—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle
- A61K49/1851—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule
- A61K49/1863—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or derivative thereof, e.g. chitosan, chitin, cellulose, pectin, starch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y25/00—Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/0036—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity
- H01F1/0045—Zero dimensional, e.g. nanoparticles, soft nanoparticles for medical/biological use
- H01F1/0054—Coated nanoparticles, e.g. nanoparticles coated with organic surfactant
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/0036—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity
- H01F1/0045—Zero dimensional, e.g. nanoparticles, soft nanoparticles for medical/biological use
- H01F1/0063—Zero dimensional, e.g. nanoparticles, soft nanoparticles for medical/biological use in a non-magnetic matrix, e.g. granular solids
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- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
- H01F1/445—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids the magnetic component being a compound, e.g. Fe3O4
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
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- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
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- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
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Description
≡Fe−OH+H3O+⇔≡Fe−OH2 ++H2O(酸性媒質)
≡Fe−OH+OH−⇔≡Fe−O−+H2O(塩基性媒質)
しかしながら、pH5から10において、酸化鉄の粒子の表面に存在する電荷密度は、静電型の安定化を確保するには弱すぎる。このことに関して、酸化鉄の等電点、すなわち酸化鉄の表面に存在する電荷が相殺し合うpHが、一般に7程度である(これは一般に6から9であり、典型的には特にマグヘマイトの場合7である)ことに注目すべきである。このようにして、pH7程度における水性フェロ流体(特にUSPIO型)の安定性は、単純な静電安定化によって得ることができないことが明らかになる。このことは特に、生理的pH、すなわちpH7.4程度で安定な分散液を入手することが正に必要である医療用途(特にIRM用の造影剤)へのフェライト型の酸化鉄の粒子の使用への制限となる。
(i)式−(CH2)n1−NH2(式中、n1=1、2、3、4、5、6、7、または8であり、n1は好ましくは3、4、5、または6であり、有利には3である)の基;
(ii)式−(CH2)n2−NH−(CH2)n2’−NH2(式中、n2およびn2’は、同一または異なって、各々1、2、3、4、5、または6であり、好ましくは1、2、または3であり、有利には2を示し、(n2+n2’)は、2から9内に留まると理解される)の基;;
(iii)式−(CH2)n3−NH−(CH2)n3’−NH−(CH2)n3”−NH2(式中、n3、n3’ 、およびn3”は、同一または異なって、各々1、2、3、または4、好ましくは1、2、または3、有利には2を示し、(n3+n3’+n3”)は、3から12内に留まると理解される)の基。
−(CH2)3−NH2;
−(CH2)4−NH2;
−(CH2)3−NH−(CH2)2−NH2;
−(CH2)3−NH−(CH2)6−NH2;
−(CH2)3−NH−CH(CH)3−CH2−NH2;
−(CH2)3−NH−(CH2)2−NH−(CH2)2−NH2
(A)20nm未満の寸法の磁気酸化鉄をベースとする粒子(p0)の酸性水性分散液を供給する工程であって、前記分散液は、酸性媒質中で、少なくともpH範囲内においてコロイド安定性を有し、この安定性は、前記pH範囲内において、攪拌を維持する必要もなく、20nm未満の平均流体力学的直径を有する、本質的に個別化された粒子の分散液が見られるようなものである工程;
(B)工程(A)の酸性コロイド分散液と、式R−SiX1X2X3(式中、
− Rは、前に定義されているようなアミノ基を示し;
− X1、X2、X3は、同一または異なる基であり、各々酸性媒質中に加水分解可能な基を示す)
のシランとを接触させる工程であって、
この接触は、分散液のコロイド安定性が確保されるpH範囲内に媒質を維持しつつ実施され、これによって、基X1、X2、およびX3の加水分解により、これらの粒子の分散液の媒質中のシラノールの形成が得られる工程;
(C)水の沸騰温度よりも高い沸騰温度の水溶性湿潤剤を反応媒質へ添加し、ついで水を除去するが、湿潤剤を除去しないのに十分な温度へ反応媒質を加熱する工程であって、これによって、(湿潤剤中に分散されたままである)粒子の凝集を避けつつ、粒子の表面でシラノールの凝縮が得られる工程;および
(D)工程(C)を終えて得られる粒子を回収し、これらを水性媒質中に分散する工程であって、これによって、本発明によるアミノフェロ流体が得られる工程。
(a1)鉄(II)の塩(および鉄(III)の塩)の混合物を含有する水溶液へ、塩基を好ましくは過剰に添加して、第一鉄塩または第二鉄塩の共沈を実施し、マグネタイトの粒子の綿状沈殿物を得るようにする工程;
(a2)例えば磁気デカンテーションによる、綿状沈殿物の場合による分離後(このことは一般に有利であることが明らかになっている)、得られた粒子の前記綿状沈殿物を、HNO3、HCl、もしくはCH3COOHから選択された酸を用いて、有利にはHNO3によって処理する工程であって、このことによって、粒子の表面を酸性化し、第一鉄イオンの可溶化によってこれらの粒子の表面酸化を実施することができる工程;
(a3)媒質へ、第二鉄塩の溶液を添加し、好ましくは媒質を加熱しつつ反応させておく工程(有利にはこの反応は、媒質を沸騰させて実施するが、これによって、マグヘマイトの粒子の形態の粒子の酸化が得られる);および
(a4)HNO3もしくはHClO4から選択された酸の添加によって、水性媒質中で先行工程を終えて得られたマグヘマイトの粒子の綿状沈殿物を分散する工程。
− 用いられる鉄IIの塩:塩化第一鉄または硫酸第一鉄、有利には塩化第一鉄;
− 用いられる鉄IIIの塩:塩化第二鉄または硝酸第二鉄、有利には塩化第二鉄;
− 当初Fe(III)/Fe(II)モル比:好ましくは2程度;
− 共沈に用いられる塩基:アンモニアまたは水酸化ナトリウム。
(式中、
− Rは、前に定義されたアミノ基であり;
− R’、R”、およびR”’は、同一または異なって、各々1から5個の炭素原子を含むアルキル基を示し、R’、R”、およびR”’の各々は、好ましくはメチル基またはエチル基、有利にはメチル基を示す)。
− γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(CH3O)3−Si−(CH2)3−NH2;
− N−β−アミノエチル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(CH3O)3−Si−(CH2)3−NH−(CH2)2−NH2;
− N’−β−アミノエチル−N−β−アミノエチル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(CH3O)3−Si−(CH2)3−NH−(CH2)2−NH−(CH2)2−NH2。
− 4−アミノブチルトリエトキシシラン、
− N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノイソブチル−メチルジメトキシシラン、
− アミノエチルアミノメチル)フェネチル−トリメトキシシラン、
− N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチル−ジメトキシシラン、
− N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、
− N−(6−アミノヘキシル)アミノプロピル−トリメトキシシラン、
− m−アミノフェニルトリメトキシシラン、
− p−アミノフェニルトリメトキシシラン、
− 3−アミノプロピルメチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シラン、
− 3−アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、
− 3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、
− 3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン。
工程2:[粒子]−N=CH−[E]+[還元剤]→[粒子]−CH2−NH−[E]
好ましい実施態様によれば、工程(G1)において利用される種Eは、多糖類の分子、有利にはデキストラン分子であり、これの基−OHの一部が、基−CHOへ酸化されている。場合により、基−OHの基−CHOへの部分的変性は例えば、特にMolteniによって「酵素学における方法(Methods in Enzymology)」、112、285−295(1985)に記載された方法にしたがって、酸化剤例えば過ヨウ素酸ナトリウムNaIO4によって管理された酸化によって実施される。
1.1.マグヘマイトのナノメートル粒子の水性分散液の合成(酸性フェロ流体)
1.1.1.分散液(D1)
次の工程を実施して、マグヘマイトのナノメートル粒子の水性分散液(D1)を作製した:
・マグネタイト粒子の形成:1.5M塩酸170mL中に、塩化第一鉄31.41g(すなわち0.158モル)を溶解した。水3.5L中に溶解された塩化第二鉄85.4g(すなわち0.316モル)が入っている5Lのビーカーに、この溶液を導入した。25℃で攪拌下、2Mアンモニア溶液200mLの添加によって、鉄塩の共沈を実施した。このことは、マグネタイトのコロイド沈殿物の形成を生じた。得られたマグネタイト粒子を、磁気プレート上にデカントさせておき、ついで上澄み液を除去した。
次の工程を実施して、マグヘマイト粒子の水性分散液(D2)を作製した。
次の工程を実施して、マグヘマイト粒子の分散液(D3)を作製した。
先行工程において合成された安定化酸性フェロ流体(D1)、(D2)、および(D3)から、(D1a)、(D1b)、(D1c)、(D2a)、および(D3a)と記載された変性された表面を有するマグヘマイト粒子(アミノフェロ流体)の様々な分散液を作製した。表面の変性は、次の一般的なプロトコルを利用して、様々なアミノシラン化合物によって実施した。
0.35MのFe3+濃度の該フェロ流体(場合に応じて(D1)、(D2)、および(D3))200mLの容積を、1分あたり300回転の速度で、磁気攪拌下に置いた。攪拌下、このフェロ流体へテクニカルメタノール(methanol technique)100mLを添加した。ついで、攪拌下に維持されているこの混合物へ、該フェロ流体の粒子によって拡張された表面積1m2あたり148.3マイクロモルのシランに相当するアミノシラン化合物の量、すなわち、フェロ流体(D1)については0.1モル、(D2)については0.2モル、(D3)については0.5モルの、メタノール100mL中の溶液を添加した。この反応を12時間続行させておいた。
先行工程に続き、グリセロール200mLを添加し、1分あたり500回転の攪拌下に、数分間媒質を均一化した。ついで回転蒸発器を用いて、メタノールおよび水を抽出した(メタノールについては40℃で、ついで水については80℃で1時間、一次真空下の抽出)。
熱処理を終えて得られた混合物(このほかに、反応しなかったシランを含有する、本質的にグリセロールからなる媒質中のマグヘマイトの変性された粒子)を、ビーカーに導入した。このビーカーに、ゆっくりとした攪拌下(1分あたり100回転)、エタノール100mL、ついでアセトン200mLを連続的に注ぎ、変性されたマグへマイトの粒子のフロキュレーション、ならびにオリゴマー化されたシラン過剰の沈殿を実施した。
先行工程の最後の洗浄後、得られた綿状沈殿物へ超純水400mLを添加した。この際、pHは10.4であると測定され、これは、マグヘマイトの表面におけるアミノ官能基の存在、およびアミノ官能基によるこの表面の飽和を証明した。
得られた5つのアミノフェロ流体の特徴を、下記の表2にまとめる。
フロキュレーションに関して、酸性フェロ流体に対する本発明のアミノフェロ流体の増加した安定性を例証するために、2つの型のフェロ流体中へ漸増濃度において塩化物イオンを導入することからなる比較テストを実施した。
実施例1.2のアミノフェロ流体の粒子に対してデキストラン分子のグラフト化を実施した。デキストランの異なる4つの種類をテストした(デキストランT5:平均分子量=5,000:デキストランT15:平均分子量=15,000;デキストランT40:平均分子量=40,000;およびデキストランT70:平均分子量=70,000)。
超純水200mL中のデキストラン10gの溶液を作製した。この媒質へ、2.06モル.L−1でNaIO4の水溶液10mLを添加し、この混合物を12時間攪拌下に放置した。この酸化工程を終えたとき、この媒質中で得られた過ヨウ素塩を除去した。これを行なうために、薄い黄色の得られた溶液を、セルロース製の透析管(切断閾値(seuil de coupure)12,400g/モル−1、オルドリッチ(Aldrich))に注いだ。透析は、超純水が入っている5Lビーカーにおいて実施した。水は、2時間毎に5回取り替えた。得られた活性化デキストラン溶液を、4℃で保存した。アルデヒドの存在は、フェーリングテストによって確認した。
前に得られた10g/Lでの活性化デキストランの溶液200mLの容積を、実施例1.2において得られたようなフェロ流体20mL中に注いだ。作製された混合物を、24時間攪拌下に放置し、ついで0.206モル.L−1で水素化ホウ素ナトリウムの溶液10mLを添加した。得られた媒質を、pH=9で4時間、攪拌下に放置した。
蠕動ポンプ(ミリポア(Millipore)N80EL005)、シリコーン配管、および切断閾値100kDのポリ(エーテルスルホン)製の膜を含んでいるカートリッジ(プレプ/スケール(Prep/Scale)(商標)−TFF)から構成された限外濾過装置を用いた。
4.1.実施例3の変性フェロ流体の粒子に対する(ジアミノ)アミノテレシェリック(aminotelechelique)ポリ(酸化エチレン)のグラフト化
実施例3の変性アミノフェロ流体(G1)から(G3)の粒子に対して、デキストランのジアミノポリ(酸化エチレン)の分子のグラフト化を実施した。
実施例3のアミノフェロ流体(G4)、(G6)、および(G9)を用い、これを行なうために実施例4の操作プロトコルを利用して、実施例4と同様なグラフト化を実施した。ただし、モノアミノPOE(分子量=2,000g/モル)を用いた。さらに、POEの量は、実施例4に対して2分の1にした。このようにして、添加されたPOEの溶液は、水100mL中の10.25gのモノアミノPOEを含有する。
リン酸塩緩衝液(pH7.4;0.01M)によって緩衝された、0.08MのFe3+濃度の、実施例3の変性フェロ流体100mLと、二リチウム(dilithie)塩の形態のローダミン(Rhodamine)B(Rh B)もしくはルシファー(Lucifer)イエロー(LY)10−3モルとを、光を避けて24時間反応させておいた。次に、実施例3の条件下にホウ化水素での還元を実施した。これらのアミノ種は、酸化デキストランのアルデヒド官能基と直接反応する。この反応の後に、有機相が無色になるまで、液−液(水/クロロホルム)抽出によって蛍光種(蛍光色素)の過剰を除去した。次にクロロホルムの痕跡を、回転蒸発器で除去する。
TRITC(テトラメチルローダミンイソチオシアネート誘導体)もしくは(5−FAM、SE)(5−カルボキシフルオロセインのスクシンイミドエステル)10−3モルによる、炭酸塩/重炭酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH9;0.01M)によって緩衝された、0.08MのFe3+濃度の、実施例4.1によるフェロ流体100mLに対してカップリング反応を実施した。(5−FAM、SE)を、予め3mLのDMF中に溶解した。蛍光種の過剰の除去は、有機相が無色になるまで、液−液(水/クロロホルム)抽出によって実施した。クロロホルムの痕跡を、回転蒸発器で除去した。
用いられた操作方法は、ジアミノPOEをモノアミノPOEとジアミノPOEとの2:1の割合の混合物と置き換えること以外、実施例4.4の方法と同じである。
2.22.10−4モルのドキソルビシン(1/30モルグルコシド残渣に等しいモル数)を、ホウ化水素での還元の前に、実施例3において調製されたナノメートル粒子の分散液中に添加した。次に、実施例3に記載された操作方法にしたがう。ドキソルビシンで処理された粒子を、ついで、実施例4.1または4.2を終えたものと同じ処理に付す。
4.7.1.N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(NHS)での葉酸のエステル化
葉酸5gを、100mLのDMSO中に溶解した。この混合物に、2.5mLのトリエチルアミンおよび2.6gのNHSおよび4.7gのカルボジイミドを添加した。周囲温度で一晩反応させておいた。この反応の共生成物であるジシクロヘキシルウレアを、濾過によって抽出する。NHSとカップリングされた葉酸の溶液を、減圧下、蒸発器で濃縮した。生成物を、ついでジエチルエーテル中に沈殿させた。
15gのジアミノPOE(分子量=2,000g/モル)を、pH10.5で炭酸塩/重炭酸塩緩衝液100mL中に溶解した。工程4.7.1を終えて得られた生成物(葉酸−NHS)4.5gを、最少のDMSO(10mL)中に溶解した。ついでこの溶液を、ジアミノPOEを含有する溶液へ一滴ずつ注ぎ、12時間反応させておいた。ついで生成物を、切断閾値1kDの透析管において、12時間、規則的に水を交換しながら、超純水に対して透析した。
操作方法は、モノアミノPOEを、工程4.7.2のPOE−葉酸共役体と置き換えた、実施例4.5の方法と同じである。
Claims (8)
- 20nmまたはそれ以下の平均流体力学的直径を有する磁気酸化鉄をベースとする粒子(p)であって、その表面が、前記粒子の表面に共有結合されたアミノ基−NH 2 を有する基Rのグラフト化によって変性されている粒子を含んでいる水性分散液であって、
このように変性された表面を有する粒子の等電点が、10またはそれ以上であり、
前記基Rが、式−(A)−NH 2 の基であって、式中、基−(A)−が、場合によっては1つまたは複数の基−NH−によって中断されている、1から12個の炭素原子を含む炭化水素鎖を示す水性分散液の、調製方法であって、
(A)20nm未満の寸法を有する磁気酸化鉄をベースとする粒子(p0)の酸性水溶性分散液を供給する工程であって、前記分散液は、pH5未満の酸性媒質中で、少なくとも前記pH範囲内においてコロイド安定性を有し、この安定性は、前記pH範囲内において、攪拌を維持する必要をともなわずに、20nm未満の平均流体力学的直径を有する、粒子の分散液が見られ、懸濁液中に見られる固体種の数の5%未満が、複数の粒子の凝集物であるようなものである工程;
(B)工程(A)の酸性コロイド分散液と、式R−Si(OR’)(OR”)(OR’’’)(式中、
− Rは、請求項1に定義されているアミノ基を有する基を示し;
− R’、R”、およびR’’’は、同一または異なって、各々1から5個の炭素原子を含むアルキル基を示す)
のシランとを接触させる工程であって、
この接触は、前記分散液のコロイド安定性が確保される前記pH範囲内に媒質を維持しつつ実施される工程;
(C)水の沸騰温度よりも高い沸騰温度を有する水溶性グリセロールを反応媒質へ添加し、ついで水を除去するのに十分であるが、グリセロールを除去しない温度へ反応媒質を加熱する工程;および
(D)工程(C)を終えて得られる粒子を回収し、これらを水性媒質中に分散する工程
からなる工程を含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 工程(A)のコロイド酸性水性分散液は、コロイド安定性が確保される前記pH範囲内において、懸濁液中に見られる粒子の平均流体力学的直径が、3から15nmであるようなものであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(B)のシランが、
− 式(CH3O)3−Si−(CH2)3−NH2のγ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン;
− 式(CH3O)3−Si−(CH2)3−NH−(CH2)2−NH2のN−β−アミノエチル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン;
− 式(CH3O)3−Si−(CH2)3−NH−(CH2)2−NH−(CH2)2−NH2のN’−β−アミノエチル−N−β−アミノエチル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン
から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 工程(B)のシランが、有機溶媒中の溶液として導入されること、工程(C)のグリセロールが、工程(B)に導入されたシランを可溶化する有機溶媒中に可溶であり、前記有機溶媒の沸騰温度よりも高い沸騰温度を有すること、および工程(C)が、グリセロールを除去することなく前記有機溶媒を除去するのに十分な温度への加熱工程を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(C)の加熱が、真空下に実施されることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(C)の脱水が、130℃またはそれ以下の温度で実施されることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 工程(D)が、前記粒子を乾燥させることなく実施される、工程(C)を終えて得られた粒子の洗浄、ついで水性媒質中の得られた非乾燥粒子の羊毛状塊の分散を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(D)の際に実施された粒子の分散が、工程(C)を終えて回収された粒子を水中に入れ、酸のゆっくりとした添加によって、媒質のpHを徐々に減少させて実施されることを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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- 2004-05-13 WO PCT/FR2004/001169 patent/WO2004107368A2/fr active Application Filing
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ES2383988T3 (es) | 2012-06-28 |
EP1627395B1 (fr) | 2012-02-15 |
US9630838B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 |
WO2004107368A2 (fr) | 2004-12-09 |
JP2007511466A (ja) | 2007-05-10 |
EP1627395A2 (fr) | 2006-02-22 |
WO2004107368A3 (fr) | 2005-07-28 |
FR2855315B1 (fr) | 2005-08-19 |
CA2526967A1 (fr) | 2004-12-09 |
FR2855315A1 (fr) | 2004-11-26 |
CA2526967C (fr) | 2015-10-06 |
ATE545939T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
US20070090323A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
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