JP5183185B2 - Elevator device and control operation method of elevator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus that performs control operation when a building is shaken by an earthquake.

  During an earthquake, a P wave (longitudinal wave) with a fast propagation speed and an S wave (transverse wave) with a slow propagation speed but exhibiting the main motion of the earthquake reach the building. According to the following Non-Patent Document 1, the horizontal acceleration level of the S wave observed by the building shake detection means is classified into a special low level, a low level, and a high level threshold level, and the elevator is controlled during earthquakes. It has been broken. Before the building shakes due to the main S-wave movement, the elevator can be detected by detecting the very low level of acceleration in the horizontal direction, or by detecting the P-wave initial fine movement at the bottom of the building that can detect the arrival of an earthquake several seconds earlier than the S-wave. Control operation is temporarily suspended.

  In addition, during long-period ground motions, where earthquakes far from the epicenter tend to occur in plains with sedimentary layers, the upper part of the building swings in spite of the small shaking acceleration of the building, so the main rope and governor rope of the elevator , Electric power to the car, cables for signal communication, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as “long objects”) are easy to swing, causing swinging in the hoistway and catching damage. In the following, when this type of building shake is simply referred to as “building shake”, and the vibration of a long object that swings around the building is described as “long object shake”, and also refers to the magnitude of these shakes. Is described as “building shake amount” and “long object shake amount”.

  Since the acceleration level of building shaking during a long-period earthquake is low, when the acceleration sensing sensitivity of building shaking is increased, there may be a case of erroneously shifting to control operation due to noise vibration that is not a direct factor of long object shaking. Therefore, as a conventional technique for reducing this malfunction, there is a control operation method for sensing a state quantity such as a building shake speed, displacement, or a synergistic product of speed and displacement, which is almost as long as a long-body swing state quantity. It is shown in the following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.

JP-A-60-15382 (Claims 1, 2 and 2) JP-A-60-197576 (Claim 1, FIG. 8) 94th to 100th pages of the 2nd part of "Explanation of Elevator Technical Standards" edited by the 2002 edition Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Housing Bureau Building Guidance Division, Japan Building Equipment and Elevator Center, Japan Elevator Association

  As described above, control operation by detecting the state quantity of building acceleration, speed, displacement, or the product of speed and displacement at the time of an earthquake has been performed in the past. There is no control operation based on this.

  In addition, long-period earthquakes where high-rise buildings tend to sway are earthquakes that occur in the process of propagation of earthquakes with epicenters in remote areas to plains composed of sedimentary layers such as the Kanto Plain, because the epicenter is generally 150 to 200 km away. In addition, the P wave is very weak.

  As a result, P-wave initial fine control will not function, and long objects will be caught by equipment in the hoistway and secondary damage will occur during elevator travel. The problem of elevators stopping unnecessarily due to small-scale earthquakes and noise vibrations unrelated to earthquakes, and indirect lengths from state quantities such as building shaking speed, displacement, or the product of speed and displacement In the judgment of swinging, since it is not possible to know every single state change such as the degree of growth and attenuation related to long swings, 1) Is deceleration operation allowed by reducing the rated speed? 2) Temporary operation of the elevator 3) Is it possible to evacuate the elevator to a position where long objects do not grow significantly, that is, where the long objects do not resonate with the building shake, or 4) Attenuation of long objects? It suffers from a problem that can not be the proper decision, such as elevator control operation release timing Luo.

  For example, the degree of growth and attenuation of long-body vibration due to building shaking due to long-period ground motions depends greatly on how the building shakes and how long it lasts. In addition, since the degree of growth or attenuation of the long object shake cannot be determined from the state quantity such as the product of the speed and the displacement, the long object shake will be suppressed when it is determined as the long object shake 3 Control operation that stops the elevator for ~ 5 minutes.

  Furthermore, even if the control operation based on the direct state quantity of the long object shake is performed, the building shake actually occurs, and the accuracy to determine the possibility of catching between the long object and the equipment in the hoistway Is not expensive.

  The objective of this invention is providing the elevator apparatus which can perform the control operation with high precision which eliminates these subjects.

To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in an elevator apparatus that performs control operation during an earthquake or strong wind, the relative displacement of a long object with respect to the displacement of the hoistway is detected by a vibration meter installed in the building or hoistway. While calculating from a signal, the said control operation is performed based on the relative displacement of this elongate thing .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, at the time of an earthquake or a strong wind, the elevator apparatus which can prevent reliably a long thing and the apparatus in a hoistway and can suppress an unnecessary control operation can be provided.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The elevator apparatus of the present embodiment is configured such that the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are raised and lowered along a guide rail (not shown). The car 1 and the counterweight 2 are suspended and driven by the main rope 7 via the hoisting machine 4 in the machine room 21 above the hoistway 20 and driven. A control panel 3, a speed governor 6, and a vibration meter 5 are disposed in the machine room 21, and a speed governor rope 8 is wound around the speed governor 6. Further, as seen from the hoisting machine side, a compen- sion rope 9 is installed to compensate for the weight difference between the main rope 7 on the car 1 side and the counterweight 2 side. A tail cord 10 is also laid to supply power to the car 1. As described above, in the hoistway 20, long objects such as the main rope 7, the governor rope 8, the compensation rope 9, and the tail cord 10 are provided. And in the hoistway 20, the bracket 22 which supports a guide rail, the equipment in the hoistway of an elevator, etc. is installed.

  The vibration meter 5 that detects the shaking of the building has a function of detecting acceleration in the horizontal direction (x, y direction) orthogonal to each other, and the storage case of the vibration meter 5 has a calculation unit 30. Further, the arithmetic unit 30 is based on the acceleration signals in the x and y directions detected by the vibrometer 5, and the relative displacement of the long object relative to the displacement of the long object as viewed from the building side, that is, the displacement of the hoistway 20. Calculate the displacement. Then, based on a comparison between the relative displacement of the long object and a predetermined threshold, the control panel 3 has a control operation determination function for controlling the elevator and performing a control operation. Here, the calculation unit 30 may be stored in the control panel 3 according to the situation.

  The arithmetic processing in the arithmetic unit 30 is digital processing because of the stability of processing and the ease of changing preset parameters, but analog processing is also possible.

  The configuration of the calculation unit 30 will be described with reference to FIG. A high-pass filter 31 (x direction: 31X, y direction: removes the gravitational acceleration component due to the horizontality installation error of the vibrometer 5 and the DC drift component of the acceleration sensor body from the detection signal of the vibrometer 5 in the x, y direction. 31Y) and a low-pass filter 32 (x direction: 32X, y direction: 32Y) for removing noise vibration components.

Using the output signal 33X of the filter 32X and the output signal 33Y of the filter 32Y, _a plurality of long object relative displacement vibration models having _a plurality of predetermined natural periods T _a , T _b , T _c. The x-direction relative displacement response calculation units 34X, 35X, and 36X and the y-direction relative displacement response calculation units 34Y, 35Y, and 36Y are calculated. Relative displacement composition calculation units 37, 38, and 39 that synthesize response calculation results, a relative displacement determination unit 40 that determines control operation based on the relative displacement of these combination calculations, and a signal from the relative displacement determination unit 40 The signal line 41 is sent to the control panel 3.

  In the relative displacement determination unit 40, thresholds are provided in a plurality of stages, and depending on the level, the operation speed is limited, the operation is temporarily stopped, the return is determined after the safety inspection of the maintenance staff, or the attenuation level of the long object shake is determined. Therefore, it is possible to cancel the elevator control operation due to the relative displacement of the long object.

  In addition, control by building shake acceleration based on a signal from the building shake determination unit 43 shown in FIG. 2 is also performed. In this embodiment, since the relative displacement determination unit 40 can control the relative displacement of a long object, the acceleration threshold value of the building shake determination unit 43 is increased to a threshold value (about 100 to 150 Gal) according to the allowable level of the structure and mechanism of the elevator. It is possible to avoid the control due to unnecessary acceleration in a small-scale earthquake at a short distance with few long-period components.

  In FIG. 3, the flow of processing of the long object relative displacement calculation from the output signals 33X and 33Y of the filter 32 in the calculation unit 30 will be described.

Using the output signals 33X and 33Y of the filter 32, the x-direction response calculation unit in the natural period T _a is 34X, the y-direction response calculation unit is 34Y, the x-direction response calculation unit in the natural period T _b is 35X, and the y direction The response calculation unit is 35Y, the x-direction response calculation unit in the natural period _Tc is 36X, and the y-direction response calculation unit is 36Y. 37, 38, and 39 are relative displacement composition calculation units for synthesizing the relative displacements in the x and y directions for each natural period, and the calculation signal waveform examples are shown in the respective portions.

  Next, the calculation function and the control operation determination function that the calculation unit 30 has together will be described using the main rope 7 as an example with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, (relative displacement E of the main rope 7) = (absolute displacement D of the main rope 7) − (absolute displacement C of the hoistway 20). Then, relative displacement determination is made by determining the ratios α%, β%, γ%, and δ% (α <β <γ <δ) of the relative displacement E of the main rope 7 with respect to the deflection limit dimension L where the main rope 7 is caught by the bracket 22 or the like. A description will be given of an embodiment of shake control by the relative displacement of the long object as the threshold of the unit 40.

  Long-body relative displacement control operation has a long-body relative displacement rate exceeding β% and is decelerating or forced top-floor forced call control operation (if the main rope is swung and the car runs straight to the top floor, Because abnormal vibration may occur in the car, operation control operation such as operation that temporarily stops by generating a virtual call with the operation software on the floor before the top floor), pause operation when over γ%, β% or less Relative displacement determination unit 40 has a control operation determination function that captures a control operation pattern such as restart of operation control operation by attenuation to, cancellation of control operation by attenuation to α% or less, resumption of operation after inspection in hoistway when exceeding δ%. Give it to. In this way, in this embodiment, since thresholds of a plurality of levels are set and control operations with different contents are performed according to each level, it is possible to operate the elevator accurately even when an earthquake occurs. It is.

  In the above description, the threshold value of the relative displacement determination unit 40 is simply set as a scalar quantity, but whether or not the response coordinate values in the x and y directions exceed the area by providing the determination area 52 shown in FIG. You may judge by.

  Next, the long object relative displacement response calculation will be described. In order to calculate the long object relative displacement response using the vibration model, first, the natural period of the long object is required. However, since the natural period of this long object varies depending on the length and tension of the long object, i.e., the position and mass of the car and the counterweight, in order to set the natural period of the long object over time, A process for receiving and calculating information such as the position of the car must be performed at any time. Therefore, in order to speed up the processing in the arithmetic unit 30 and avoid complication of the apparatus, a natural period at which the long object is likely to swing is set without using information such as the position of the car, and the relative displacement of the long object is set. A method for calculating the response will be described below.

In the first place, long-body vibrations occur with building shaking during long-period earthquakes and strong winds, and the main periodic component included in this building shaking is the period in which the upper part of the building swings, that is, 1 of the building. This is the next natural period T ₀ (seconds). Therefore, it is considered that the long object resonates with the building shake when the natural period of the shake approaches the primary natural period of the building, and the shake becomes the largest. For example, the natural period of the main rope 7 on the car side is likely to approach the primary natural period of the building when the car is located near the lower floor of the building and the tension is lower than that of the main rope 7. The natural period of the machine rope 8 and the compen- sive rope 9 is likely to approach the primary natural period of the building when the car is located near the middle floor of the building. Therefore, assuming a vibration model in which the primary natural period of the building or a value close to it is the natural period of the long object, the relative displacement of the long object is calculated based on the building shaking signal detected by the vibrometer 5. Therefore, it is possible to perform elevator control operation with high safety in consideration of the maximum relative displacement that can occur.

  Note that the primary natural period of a building generally depends on the magnitude of the shaking of the building, and has a characteristic that the period becomes longer as the shaking increases. The primary natural period of the building when the building shake acceleration is about 30 Gal at the time of a long-period earthquake is shorter than the natural period at the time of building seismic design assuming that the shaking acceleration is 200 Gal or more. The design value does not necessarily give the value of the actual natural period. In addition, the natural period of the building is different for each of the short side direction and the long side direction of the building.

  That is, since the value of the natural period of the building changes depending on the direction and magnitude of the building shaking, it is desirable to increase the accuracy in order to avoid poor prediction of the relative displacement of the long object due to the fluctuation. For example, the design value of the natural period of a building and a plurality of values before and after it are used as the natural period of a long object, and the relative displacement response of the long object is calculated using a plurality of vibration models. If the necessity of control operation is determined by comparing with the threshold value, safety is improved. In addition, by providing a learning function for calculating the natural period of the building using the response data of the building observed during past earthquakes or strong winds, it is possible to improve the prediction accuracy of the long object relative displacement.

In addition, as periodic components included in building shaking, there are periodic bands due to long-period ground motions and wind breaths that occur, so the natural period of the relative displacement of long objects coincides with these periodic bands and resonates. It is good to consider when doing. In particular, in the case of a high-rise building, there is a possibility that the natural period of the building is included in the periodic band of long-period ground motion. Therefore, _a plurality of long object relative displacement vibration models having natural periods T _a , T _b , T _c ... Set at predetermined intervals in a periodic band of long-period ground motion (for example, about 2 to 20 seconds). Therefore, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the relative displacement prediction and predict the relative displacement of the long object from the response of each model to perform the control operation.

  Also, multiple values are set as the natural period of a long object from the entire period band (for example, about 0.2 to 20 seconds) of not only long-period ground motion but also P and S waves. A method of calculating the relative displacement response of a long object in the natural period is also conceivable. Furthermore, within the range of the natural period corresponding to the length (stroke) of a long object that can be changed by raising or lowering the car, etc., multiple values are set as the natural period of the long object, and the relative displacement of the long object is predicted. You may do it.

  The damping performance of the long object relative displacement vibration system is slightly different for each component of the long object, but it is assumed that the long object relative displacement is a stable value that can be calculated stably, and the relative displacement calculation is performed in real time. The performance is secured.

  The speed of the digital calculation processing of the calculation unit 30 is the speed at which all vibration response calculations are completed within the sampling period (seconds) of the digital conversion of the acceleration analog signal, and the obtained response value is the initial value in the next calculation step. The value is the real-time processing speed that advances the response calculation sequentially. Note that the sampling period (seconds) depends on, for example, the shortest natural period (seconds) of a plurality of predetermined natural periods. However, if the sampling period (seconds) is about 0.01 to 0.03 seconds, response calculation is performed. The accuracy can be maintained.

  With the above configuration, the state of relative displacement of long objects due to building shaking can be determined every time, so long-period ground motion that is likely to occur when earthquakes with distant epicenters propagate to plains with sedimentary layers. Sophisticated elevator control operation that takes into account the characteristics of the relative displacement of long objects during earthquakes and strong winds, and can sequentially calculate the degree of growth and attenuation of long object vibrations depending on how the buildings shake and how long they continue to shake. You can also.

  In this embodiment, since the relative displacement of the long object relative to the displacement of the hoistway 20 is calculated, not the absolute displacement of the long object, the following effects can be expected. For example, although the absolute displacement of the long object is small and does not exceed the threshold, the control operation can be started when the relative displacement of the long object with respect to the displacement of the hoistway 20 exceeds the threshold. That is, the device in the hoistway 20 and the long object can be reliably prevented from being caught. On the other hand, the absolute displacement of the long object is large and exceeds the threshold value. However, when the relative displacement of the long object with respect to the displacement of the hoistway 20 does not exceed the threshold value, There is little possibility of being caught. In other words, it is possible to accurately determine whether a long object is caught and to suppress unnecessary control operation.

  In the above-described embodiment, the vibrometer 5 is installed in the machine room. However, it may be installed at any position on the building or hoistway as long as the vibration due to the earthquake can be observed. Even if it is installed at the lower part of the hoistway, etc., even if it cannot detect the shake of the top of the long object directly, it detects the shake at that position and predicts the shake of the top of the long object from the shake. Relative displacement can be predicted. Furthermore, although the acceleration sensor signal has been described for the long object relative displacement calculation, the long object relative displacement can be calculated only by changing the calculation method of the calculation unit even for the speed sensor signal.

It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the elevator in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the calculating part of the long thing relative displacement in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the flow of the signal processing in the calculating part in the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the long object relative displacement in the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the setting method of the threshold value in the Example of this invention based on the shake explanatory drawing of a long thing.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Riding car 2 Counterweight 3 Control panel 4 Hoisting machine 5 Vibrometer 6 Speed governor 7 Main rope 8 Speed governor rope 9 Compen rope 10 Tail cord 20 Hoistway 21 Machine room 22 Bracket 23 Pit 30 Arithmetic units 31 and 32 Filters 33X, 33Y Filter output signals 34X, 34Y, 35X, 35Y, 36X, 36Y Relative displacement response calculation units 37, 38, 39 Relative displacement combination calculation unit 40 Relative displacement determination units 41, 44 Signal line 42 Horizontal direction acceleration combination calculation Part 43 Building shaking judgment part 50 Horizontal plane 51 Shaking locus 52 Judgment area

Claims (6)

In elevator system which performs control operation during seismic or strong wind, the relative displacement of the long object with respect to the displacement of the hoistway, as well as calculating the building or signal detected by installing the vibrometer in the hoistway, the relative of the long object An elevator apparatus that performs the control operation based on a displacement .   The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vibration meter is installed in the upper part of the building or the upper part of the hoistway. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of natural periods of the long object are set, a relative displacement of the long object in each natural period is calculated, and a maximum of the relative displacements and a predetermined threshold value are calculated. To determine whether or not the control operation is necessary.   The elevator apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a design value and a plurality of values before and after the natural period of the building are set as the natural period of the long object. The natural period of the installed long object into the hoistway set multiple, vibrometer the relative displacement of the elongated object with respect to the displacement of the hoistway have respective natural period Nitsu, installed in a building or the hoistway A control operation method for an elevator, wherein the operation is calculated from the signal detected in step (b) and the result of the operation is compared with a predetermined threshold value to determine whether control operation is necessary. The relative displacement of the long object with respect to the displacement of the hoistway is calculated from the signal detected by the vibration meter installed in the building or the hoistway, and the necessity of control operation is determined by comparing this calculation result with a predetermined threshold value. An elevator control operation method characterized by determining.

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