JP5182862B2 - Building-tilt building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building such as an agricultural or horticultural greenhouse with improved ventilation capacity.

  In buildings such as agricultural or horticultural greenhouses and glass rooms, high temperature damage due to poor ventilation is a problem on days with no wind and strong sunlight. In particular, in recent years, in addition to the high temperatures caused by abnormal weather, there has been an increase in the amount of cultivation that covers the entire building with fine nets for rain-proof cultivation and insect control in the summer and autumn seasons. It is a problem. In order to avoid high temperature obstacles, improvement of ventilation capacity in agriculture or horticultural greenhouses and glass rooms is currently strongly demanded.

  As methods for improving the ventilation capacity and suppressing the temperature rise in the building, installation of a ventilation fan, skylight in the building, a full open house, and the like have been proposed. Moreover, the ceiling structure for aiming at the improvement of ventilation is also proposed (refer patent documents 1-4). However, the conventional method described above has a very high construction cost.

  In addition, some simple buildings have ventilation openings on the wife's face or side, but such ventilation openings alone cannot secure sufficient ventilation, so the temperature rise inside the building is large. It becomes a problem.

JP 2001-320983 A JP 2002-209552 A JP 2003-322372 A JP 2004-222510 A

  The subject of this invention is providing the ridge direction inclination building which can suppress a temperature rise with high ventilation capability and can be built simply and cheaply.

  The present inventors surprisingly provide ventilation capability in a building by a very simple method of providing a roof or ceiling with a ridge-wise inclination and providing ventilation means on the upper surface of the slope, roof or ceiling. It has been found that it can be dramatically improved and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is (1) a greenhouse for agriculture or horticulture , wherein a part or all of the roof is inclined in the ridge direction, and the first ventilation is provided on at least the upper part of the wife surface or the roof on the upper side of the inclination. A ridge-direction inclined house characterized in that means are provided, or (2) an agricultural or horticultural vinyl house , wherein a part or all of the ceiling is inclined in the ridge direction, A ridge-direction inclined house characterized in that the first ventilation means is provided at least at the upper part or ceiling of the wife surface, and (3) the second ventilation means is provided on the wife surface, roof or ceiling on the lower side of the inclination. It is related with the ridge direction inclination house as described in said (1) or (2) characterized by having.

Further, the present invention provides (4) the building-direction inclined house according to any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the ventilation means is a means capable of adjusting a ventilation amount, and (5) the inclination angle of the roof or ceiling ridge direction, relative to the ground or floor surface, above, wherein the at 2 ° or more (1) to (4) about the ridge direction gradient house according to any one of.

  The ridge-direction inclined building of the present invention can suppress the temperature rise with high ventilation capacity, and can suppress the occurrence of high-temperature obstacles, for example, in agriculture or horticultural greenhouses and glass rooms. Moreover, the ridge direction inclination building of this invention can be constructed simply and inexpensively.

The building-inclined building according to the present invention is particularly limited as long as it is a building in which part or all of the roof is inclined in the building direction and ventilation means are provided on the upper surface of the slope or the roof. However, the roof structure is preferably a gable roof or an arched roof because the effects of the present invention can be more effectively exhibited. Further, in the building-inclined building of the present invention, part or all of the ceiling may be provided to be inclined in the building direction, and the first ventilation means may be provided on the wife surface or ceiling on the upper side of the inclination. The ridge can be provided parallel to the ground or floor, and only the ceiling can be inclined.

The buildings in the present invention, may be mentioned agricultural or horticultural vinyl Howe scan.

In the present invention, the roof or ceiling is inclined ridge direction, mind taste that roof or ceiling is inclined ridge direction relative to the ground or floor surface. The wife surface is a surface located at both ends of the building. When the entire roof or ceiling is inclined, the entire roof or ceiling is generally inclined in one direction. For example, the center of the building can be lowered and both sides can be raised. By doing so, even when the total length of the building is long or when the height is limited, it is possible to provide a desired inclination while suppressing the height of the building. Further, the part of the roof or ceiling can be determined as appropriate within the range where the effects of the present invention are exhibited. For example, it is 1/3 or more, preferably 1/2 or more, more preferably 2 of the whole. / 3 or more.

  Although the ridge-direction inclined building of the present invention may be built on an inclined land, the effect of the present invention can be further exhibited when it is built on a horizontal land. Moreover, since the roof or ceiling is provided with the roof or ceiling inclined with respect to the ground or the floor surface, the building-direction inclined building of the present invention includes a roof or ceiling that is installed on the inclined land and is parallel to the inclined land. Buildings are not included. In addition, when installing the building direction inclination building of this invention in an inclined ground, it is preferable to install so that the inclination upper side of a roof or a ceiling may become an upper side of an inclined ground.

  According to the building-inclined building of the present invention, utilizing the property (buoyancy) that warm air rises, the warm air is guided upward along the building direction, and ventilation means provided on the upper side of the inclination. Thus, warm air can be effectively exhausted. In addition, the building-inclined building according to the present invention only needs to have a structure in which the roof or the ceiling is inclined in the building direction, and can be easily and inexpensively constructed.

  As the inclination angle of the ridge direction of the roof or ceiling in the ridge direction inclined building of the present invention depends on the length of the building in the ridge direction, but cannot be determined unconditionally, for example, with respect to the ground or floor surface, It is preferably 2 ° or more, more preferably 5 ° or more, further preferably 7 ° or more, and the upper limit is not particularly limited but is preferably about 30 °. With the inclination angle as described above, it is possible to effectively guide the warm air to the upper side along the ridge direction.

As the first ventilation means provided on the wife face, roof or ceiling on the inclined upper side in the ridge-direction inclined building of the present invention, an opening, an opening that can be opened and closed, an opening whose opening ratio can be adjusted, an on-off type ventilation fan, Ventilation fans that can adjust the ventilation amount can be mentioned, among these, an opening that can adjust the opening ratio, a ventilation fan that can adjust the ventilation amount, etc. means that the ventilation amount can be adjusted, such as the season and It is preferable because the internal temperature can be adjusted according to the climate. Examples of the shape of the opening include a circle, a semicircle, a quadrangle, and the like. In addition, when a ventilation fan is installed, ventilation is sufficiently possible even if it is not as powerful as the conventional one. If provided on the wife surface, ventilation means is preferably provided above the at no less. Moreover, you may provide in the whole wife face, such as making the whole wife face open state. Moreover, when providing in a roof or a ceiling, it is preferable that a ventilation means is provided in the uppermost part of the wife surface vicinity.

  Moreover, in the ridge direction inclination building of this invention, the 2nd ventilation means may be provided in the wife face, roof, or ceiling of the inclination downward side. One or two or more such second ventilation means may be provided at the upper, middle and lower portions of the wife surface, may be provided at the entire wife surface, and preferably provided at least at the upper portion. Or when providing in a ceiling, it is preferable to provide in the lowest part of the end face vicinity. As the second ventilation means, the same ventilation means as the first ventilation means provided on the above-inclined wife surface can be mentioned, and the ventilation amount is preferably adjustable. The ventilation fan as the second ventilation means is preferably installed so as to function as outside air introduction means for introducing air from the outside. By introducing outside air, warm air can be effectively guided along the ridge direction by the ventilation means on the upper side of the slope. In addition, a ventilation means can be suitably provided in the side surface of a building.

  As for the building direction inclination building of this invention, it is preferable that an internal temperature difference is 5 degrees C or less, and it is more preferable that it is 3 degrees C or less. The temperature difference inside the building can be reduced by appropriately adjusting the inclination angle of the building, the ventilation amount of the ventilation means, and the like.

  Hereinafter, the building direction inclination building of the present invention is explained with reference to drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a ridge-direction inclined building 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is an arched roof agriculture or horticultural greenhouse, and the top ridge is on the left side in the drawing. 11 is inclined. In addition, a horizontally long rectangular opening 13 which is an example of a ventilation means is provided at the upper portion of the wife surface 12 on the upper side of the slope and in the extension portion of the ridge 11. It is possible to exhaust warm air.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the conventional greenhouse for agriculture or horticulture, the flow of the internal air is difficult to form, and the air stays and is difficult to exhaust, but as shown in FIG. In the ridge-direction inclined building 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the warm air is guided to the upper side along the inclined ridge 11 using the property (buoyancy) that the warm air rises, It can exhaust effectively from the opening 13 provided in the upper part of the side face 12 of the side, and can ventilate the building 10 very effectively.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these illustrations.

[Example 1]
A ridge-direction inclined small model according to an example of an arched roof (kamaboko roof) having a total length of 247 cm and a width of 50 cm was produced. The height of the roof (building) from the ground surface was 35 cm on the lower side and 75 cm on the upper side. The roof, wives and sides were made of transparent resin. The lower end of the wife face and the side face was 10 cm open, and a ventilation port having a diameter of 10 cm was provided on the upper part (3 cm from the top) of the upper face and the lower face of the slope.

  As a comparison, a small model having the same configuration was manufactured except that the ridge-direction inclined small model according to the above example and the roof (ridge) were not inclined (the roof was horizontal). The height of the ridge from the ground surface was 55 cm.

[Evaluation]
The temperature in the model was investigated using the small model according to the example and the small model according to the comparative example. The temperature was measured by placing a 5 cm thick polystyrene foam throughout the model, insulating, and at four locations at regular intervals (about 50 cm) in the ridge direction at a height of 23 cm from the polystyrene foam plate surface. The temperature at each position was changed every 45 minutes, 10 minutes after the change, and then 35 minutes were measured at 1 minute intervals, and each position was performed four times (35 × 4 = 140 times). Such measurement was performed twice a day for 5 days, and the average value was adopted. The temperature was investigated by installing small models at two locations on the field and concrete.

  Table 1 shows the survey results when the small model is installed in the field and the survey results when the small model is installed on the concrete. The measurement position was set to measurement positions (1) to (4) in order from the end face provided with the opening (see FIG. 3). In the table, the value shown in the difference column between the example and the comparative example is “−”, the temperature in the small model according to the example is lower than the temperature in the small model according to the comparative example. What is indicated by “+” indicates that the temperature in the small model according to the example is higher than the temperature of the small model according to the comparative example.

  As shown in Table 1, the difference between the example and the comparative example in the whole is “−”, and the temperature in the small model according to the example is different from the temperature in the small model according to the comparative example when viewed in the small model as a whole. It becomes low compared with, and it has become clear that the ventilation in the small model concerning an Example was performed effectively. At the measurement positions (1) and (2) close to the upper side of the inclination, the small model according to the example is hotter than the small model according to the comparative example, but the opening is made larger. This problem can be solved.

[Example 2]
Following the small model, an experiment was conducted using a scaled-up house. The building direction inclination house (1)-(3) which concerns on the Example of the arch-like roof (Kamaboko roof) of 10.8 m in total length and 3 m in width was produced. The roof, wife surface and side surfaces were made of transparent resin, and ventilation was performed with the upper part of the wife surface on the upper and lower sides of the slope (80 cm from the top to the lower end of the ventilation port) as a half-moon shaped opening.

  The ridge-direction inclined house (1) is a moderately inclined house with an inclination angle of 2.8 °, and the height of the roof (ridge) from the ground surface was 1.9 m on the lower side and 2.4 m on the upper side. The ridge-direction inclined house (2) is a medium inclined house with an inclination angle of 5.5 °, and the height of the roof (ridge) from the ground surface was 1.9 m on the lower side and 2.9 m on the upper side. The ridge-direction inclined house (3) is a steeply inclined house with an inclination angle of 8.2 °, and the height of the roof (ridge) from the ground surface was 1.9 m on the lower side and 3.4 m on the upper side.

  As a comparison, a house having the same configuration was manufactured except that the ridge-direction inclined house according to the above example and the roof (ridge) were not inclined (the roof was horizontal). The height of the building from the ground surface was 2.4 m.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the houses according to the above-described examples and comparative examples were arranged in parallel in five fields in the north-south direction, with the upper slope side of the house on the east side and the lower slope side on the west side.

[Evaluation]
The temperatures in the house according to the examples and comparative examples were investigated for four days on September 20, 21, 21, 23, and 24, 2007. The temperature was measured at three locations (120 cm from the east end (upper side), 120 cm from the center, west end (lower side)), and 150 cm in height from the ground in each house. At each position, 240 measurements were taken every minute from 10:00 am to 1:59 pm, and the measured values were averaged. Table 2 shows the average temperature in each house on each survey day, and Table 3 shows the average temperature in each house at each measurement position. In the table, the value shown in the column of the example is "-" indicates that the temperature in the house according to the example is lower than the temperature in the house according to the comparative example. “+” Indicates that the temperature in the house according to the example is higher than the temperature of the house according to the comparative example. In addition, the house which concerns on a comparative example averaged the temperature of two buildings.

  As shown in Table 2 and Table 3, the temperature in the house according to the example was lower than the temperature in the house according to the comparative example, and ventilation in the house according to the example was effectively performed. It has become clear.

It is a perspective view which shows the ridge direction inclination building (a greenhouse for agriculture or horticulture) concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional greenhouse for agriculture or gardening. It is a figure which shows the temperature measurement position in the small model (A) which concerns on an Example, and the small model (B) which concerns on a comparative example. It is the layout of the house which concerns on an Example and a comparative example.

Explanation of symbols

10 Building direction inclined building 11 Building 12 Wife face 13 Opening

Claims (5)

An agricultural or horticultural greenhouse ,
A ridge-direction inclined house characterized in that a part or all of the roof is inclined and provided in the ridge direction, and the first ventilation means is provided on at least the upper part of the wife surface on the upper side of the inclination or on the roof. An agricultural or horticultural greenhouse ,
A ridge-direction inclined house characterized in that a part or all of the ceiling is provided to be inclined in the ridge direction, and the first ventilation means is provided on at least the upper part or the ceiling of the wife surface on the upper side of the inclination. The ridge-direction inclined house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a second ventilation means is provided on the wife surface, roof or ceiling on the inclined lower side. The ridge-direction inclined house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ventilation means is a means capable of adjusting a ventilation amount. The ridge direction inclined house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an inclination angle in a ridge direction of a roof or a ceiling is 2 ° or more with respect to a ground surface or a floor surface.

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