JP5180644B2 - 銅合金製接液器材のニッケル溶出防止方法 - Google Patents
銅合金製接液器材のニッケル溶出防止方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5180644B2 JP5180644B2 JP2008089608A JP2008089608A JP5180644B2 JP 5180644 B2 JP5180644 B2 JP 5180644B2 JP 2008089608 A JP2008089608 A JP 2008089608A JP 2008089608 A JP2008089608 A JP 2008089608A JP 5180644 B2 JP5180644 B2 JP 5180644B2
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- nickel
- protective film
- plating
- acid
- wetted
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Images
Description
また、保護膜形成剤を保護膜形成成分と溶剤成分とし、更に、保護膜形成における主要な成分である保護膜形成成分を各種のワックスとアミン物質を組合わせることにより高い性能が要求される接液器材を提供できる。
ここで、一般に、銅合金製接液器材に施されるめっきはニッケルクロムめっきが多く、この際のニッケルめっきは、クロムめっきの付きまわり良くするための下地めっきとして作用すると同時に、やわらかい銅合金素地がキズ等により露出することを防ぐ目的があるため、その膜厚は数μm〜十数μmと厚く、クロムめっきが付着し難い接液器材の内面にまでニッケルめっきがまわりこんでいる。接液器材に施されるニッケルクロムめっきの用途には、主に接液器材の部品であるボールバルブのボールのような流体封止機能を求めるものと、水栓金具のような装飾性を求める用途がある。
よって、ニッケル除去工程において、表面活性化処理に用いる薬液は、クロムめっきを侵さないものであると共に、変色等めっきの装飾性を損なわないものでなければならない。
また、有機酸は、酢酸、シュウ酸、蟻酸、アクリル酸、酪酸、クエン酸、プロピオン酸のうちの少なくとも何れか1種を含んだものとし、この処理液が入った処理槽に接液器材1を浸漬して、内部に残渣として付着したニッケル塩を除去する。ここで、酸の解離度がほぼ1である無機酸については、濃度を高める必要はなく、薄い濃度で使用することができる。一方、有機酸については、解離度が小さいため、高い濃度で使用する必要がある。
このため、硝酸を処理液として使用する場合には、ハロゲン酸(フッ化水素酸、塩酸、及び臭化水素酸)との混酸を用いるようにすればよい。この場合、硝酸の濃度範囲としては、JIS K8541における67%硝酸0.5〜7wt%、ハロゲン酸の濃度範囲としては、JIS K8819における46%フッ化水素酸0.05〜0.7wt%、又は、JIS K8180における36%塩酸0.05〜0.7wt%、或は、JIS K8509における48%臭化水素酸0.05〜0.7wt%とするのがよい。
ここで、一般的に、金属表面は、何らかのガス体、又は有機分子が表面に吸着しており、金属元素がむき出しの状態で大気中に存在することはない。このような金属に吸着する成分の種類や膜厚は様々であるが、例えば、クロムやアルミニウムなどの金属は、表面にガス体や有機分子が吸着したとしても、吸着した酸素との間に安定して均一の透明の酸化皮膜が形成され、金属光沢を目視することができる。また、これらの金属は、傷等によって表面が現れた場合でも、酸素との結合が強固なために比較的修復するのが早いことから、不動体皮膜とも呼ばれている。
このため、ニッケル除去工程においては、表面活性化処理を行ってニッケル表面を活性化させ、更に、その後水洗工程を経ることにより、結合性に富んだ表面にし、後述の保護膜形成工程においてニッケル表面と保護膜形成剤との結合を強化できるようにしている。なお、有機分子は、アルカリ脱脂工程によりアルカリ脱脂を行っても除去可能である。
ワックスは、低重合ポリオレフィン系物質、脂肪酸エステル系物質、脂肪酸アミド系物質、ケトン・アミン類、ポリウレタン樹脂、天然系ワックス、パラフィンワックス、マイクロクリスタレンワックスの何れか1つであり、より具体的には、特に、低重合オレフィン系における低重合ポリエチレンとするのがよい。
また、ワックスは、保護膜形成剤に対して0.455wt%以上含有させるようにするのがよい。
また、アルカリ溶剤を溶剤成分とすることで、保護膜形成剤全体をアルカリ性に保てるため、雑菌による保護膜形成剤の腐敗を防ぐことが可能になる。
低重合ポリエチレンのようなパラフィン系炭化水素では、熱や紫外線、酸素の影響などから酸素を伴う水酸基やカルボニル基、カルボキシル基などの親水性の置換基が分子末端部分に存在する分子がいくつか存在する。本来、パラフィン系炭化水素は非極性であるが、これらの置換基を有すると若干の極性を帯びてくる。一方、水は、通常ほとんど電離しない物質であるが、水酸化ナトリウムのような電解質を加えると水の電気導電性が高められる。加えて、水酸化ナトリウムのようなアルカリ性を示す物質が存在する水中では、親水性の置換基が存在する分子末端が水側に向き、低重合樹脂部分の疎水側は逆側に向くような規則性が現れる。このような分子により、分子末端に親水性の置換基を持たない分子にも規則性が現れ、マクロ的には乳化が安定した状態で水中に存在することができる。そして、Ni上に皮膜を形成させる際、この規則性を保ったままセル状の壁を形成し、そのセル内にベンゾトリアゾールが詰まることで、保護膜が形成されるのである。
この点がオレイン酸を含む保護膜形成剤の特徴と異なるところである。なぜならば、オレイン酸は弱酸なので、アルカリ溶剤にこれらを選択すると化学反応してしまい。保護膜形成剤の機能を果たせなくなってしまうからである。
1a 接液部位(接液部、接液面)
2 めっき
2a クロムめっき
2b ニッケルめっき
2c ピンホール
5 鉛
6 ニッケル塩
13 鉛除去工程
15 めっき工程
16 ニッケル除去工程
18 保護膜形成工程
20 保護膜
20a 保護膜(ベンゾトリアゾール)
20b 保護膜(有機酸)
Claims (1)
- 銅合金製接液器材にニッケルを含むめっき処理を施したニッケルの溶出防止方法において、前記接液器材の接液面に、ベンゾトリアゾールと低重合ポリエチレンを含有する保護膜形成成分とこの保護膜形成成分を水に溶解させる溶剤成分としてアルカリ溶剤を含んで成る保護膜形成剤を施して保護膜を形成すると共に、前記低重合ポリエチレンは、前記保護膜形成剤に対して0.455wt%〜1.05wt%含有させ、前記接液器材の接液面に形成した前記保護膜により、ニッケルの溶出を抑制するようにしたことを特徴とする銅合金製接液器材のニッケル溶出防止方法。
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