JP5171216B2 - Image heating device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an image heating apparatus suitable for use as a fixing device mounted on an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copying machine or a laser beam printer.

As a fixing device mounted on an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, a heating member is disposed on the surface (outer peripheral surface) side of the fixing roller, and the fixing roller is heated from the outer peripheral surface side (hereinafter referred to as an external heating fixing method). Has been proposed (Patent Document 1). By heating only the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller, it is possible to shorten the time until the fixing roller surface is raised to a desired temperature, and to reduce power consumption. The fixing device of this external heating and fixing method is roughly classified into a contact type in which a heating member is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller and a non-contact type in which the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller is heated using a halogen heater as a heat source. . The contact-type external heating and fixing apparatus has an advantage that heat transmission efficiency is higher than that of the non-contact type because heat is transferred by directly contacting a heat source such as a ceramic heater to the fixing roller.
JP 2003-186327 A

  However, in the contact-type external heating and fixing device, the heating member comes into contact with the surface of the fixing roller, so that the surface of the fixing roller may be rubbed. When a foreign material such as paper dust is caught between the heating member and the fixing roller, the foreign material caught between the heating member and the fixing roller rubs the same part of the surface of the fixing roller. Along the wound. Since the surface shape of the fixing roller is transferred to the toner image on the recording material when the toner image is fixed on the recording material, image defects such as vertical stripes due to scratches on the surface of the fixing roller appear in the toner image after fixing. Sometimes.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a rotating body that contacts a recording material that carries an image, a heating member that contacts the surface of the rotating body and heats the rotating body, and carries an image together with the rotating body. And a backup member that forms a nip portion that sandwiches and conveys the recording material to be transferred, and the surface of the rotating body is partially stretched in a crossing direction that intersects the rotation direction of the rotating body. It has a function of deforming to the surface.

  According to the present invention, at least one of the rotating body and the heating member is movable in a state where the rotating body and the heating member are in contact with each other in a crossing direction intersecting the rotation direction of the rotating body. The depth of the scratch can be suppressed shallowly, and the influence on the image caused by the scratch on the surface of the rotating body can be suppressed.

  In addition, the surface of the rotator is partially stretched in a direction that intersects the direction of rotation of the rotator to deform it into a scale-like surface. The influence on the image due to the wound on the body surface can be suppressed.

Example 1
Example 1 of the present invention will be described below. First, an image forming apparatus in which the image heating apparatus of this embodiment is mounted as a fixing device will be described, and then the image heating apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.

[Image forming apparatus body configuration]
A method of forming an unfixed toner image on a recording material that is a heated body is common, and will be described with reference to a schematic diagram shown in FIG.

  The image forming apparatus 50 according to the present exemplary embodiment sequentially transfers four color toner images of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black onto a single recording material P carried on the recording material conveyance belt 9, thereby generating one image. Is a full-color printer of the type that forms Around the photosensitive drum 1, the charger 2, the exposure device 3 that irradiates the photosensitive drum 1 with laser light according to image information, and the static formed on the photosensitive drum 1 in the order of rotation (in the direction of arrow R <b> 1). A developing unit 5 for developing the toner by attaching toner to the electrostatic latent image is disposed. A transfer roller 10 to which a voltage for transferring a toner image from the photosensitive drum 1 to the recording material P is applied is disposed on the opposite side of the recording material conveyance belt 9 from the side on which the photosensitive drum 1 is disposed. Reference numeral 16 denotes a photosensitive drum cleaner.

  When image formation is performed, the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is charged negatively by the charger 2. The negatively charged photosensitive drum 1 is scanned by a laser beam L emitted from the exposure unit 3 to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface (the surface potential of the exposed portion is increased). The developing unit 5 containing yellow toner of the first color causes the toner to adhere to the electrostatic latent image portion on the photosensitive drum, thereby forming a toner image on the photosensitive drum 1.

  On the other hand, the recording material transport belt 9 is supported by two support shafts (a driving roller 12 and a tension roller 14), and is rotated in the direction of arrow R3 by the driving roller 12 rotating in the direction of arrow R4 in the drawing. When the recording material P is fed by the paper feed roller 4, the recording material P is charged by the suction roller 6 to which a positive polarity bias is applied, and is electrostatically attracted and transported onto the recording material transport belt 9. When the recording material P is conveyed to the transfer nip N1, a positive transfer bias is applied from a power source (not shown) to the transfer roller 10 that is driven to rotate by the recording material conveyance belt 9, and the yellow toner image on the photosensitive drum 1 is The image is transferred onto the recording material P at the transfer nip N1. After the transfer, the photosensitive drum 1 is cleaned by a photosensitive drum cleaner 16 having an elastic blade.

  The series of image forming processes of charging, exposure, development, transfer, and cleaning described above are sequentially performed for each developing cartridge of magenta M30 for the second color, cyan C30 for the third color, and black k30 for the fourth color. The four color toner images are superimposed on the upper recording material P. The recording material P carrying the four-color toner images is conveyed to the fixing device 100, and the toner image on the recording material P is heat-fixed on the recording material P and then discharged out of the printer.

[Fixing device (image heating device)]
Next, the fixing device 100 that is a feature of the present invention will be described below. The fixing device 100 according to the present exemplary embodiment is a contact-type external heating fixing device for the purpose of shortening the startup time and reducing the power consumption as described above. As described above, in the contact-type external heating and fixing device, when foreign matter such as paper dust is caught between the contact portions of the heating member and the fixing roller, the foreign matter rubs on the same portion of the surface of the fixing roller by rotation of the fixing roller. Scratches along the rotation direction of the fixing roller may be attached to the surface of the fixing roller. In this embodiment, the heating member and the fixing roller are slid relative to each other in a direction (cross direction) different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller, so that scratches in the rotation direction of the fixing roller can be suppressed. This will be described in detail below.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fixing device in this embodiment. A heating member 112 that heats the fixing roller 110 is in contact with the surface (outer peripheral surface) of the fixing roller (rotating body) 110, thereby forming a contact heating portion N1. A pressure roller (backup member) 111 is in contact with the fixing roller 110 to form a fixing nip portion N2. The recording material P carrying the toner image T is nipped and conveyed by the fixing nip portion N2 and is heated and fixed.

  The fixing roller 110 has an outer diameter of φ20 mm, and an elastic layer 116 (foamed rubber layer) having a thickness of 4 mm formed by foaming silicone rubber is formed on the outside of an iron cored bar 117 having an outer diameter of φ12 mm. If the fixing roller 110 has a large heat capacity and a high thermal conductivity, the heat received from the outer peripheral surface is easily absorbed into the fixing roller 110 and the surface temperature is unlikely to rise. That is, the elastic layer 116 has a heat capacity as low as possible, a low thermal conductivity, and a material having a high heat insulating effect can shorten the rise time of the surface temperature of the fixing roller 110. The thermal conductivity of the foamed rubber obtained by foaming the silicone rubber is 0.11 to 0.16 W / (m · K), which is higher than that of the solid rubber of 0.25 to 0.29 W / (m · K). The rate is low. The specific gravity related to the heat capacity is about 1.05 to 1.30 for solid rubber, and about 0.75 to 0.85 for foamed rubber, which is also a low heat capacity. Therefore, if foamed rubber is used as the elastic layer, the rise time of the surface temperature of the fixing roller 110 can be shortened.

  If the outer diameter of the fixing roller 110 is smaller, the heat capacity can be suppressed. However, if the outer diameter is too small, the width of the contact heating unit N1 in the rotation direction of the fixing roller is narrowed, and thus an appropriate size is required. In consideration of this, the outer diameter of the fixing roller 110 of this embodiment is φ20 mm. Regarding the thickness of the elastic layer 116, if it is too thin, heat can easily escape to the metal core 117, so that an appropriate thickness is required. Considering this, the thickness of the elastic layer 116 of the fixing roller of this embodiment is 4 mm.

  A release layer 118 made of perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA) is formed on the elastic layer 116. The release layer 118 may be either one obtained by coating the elastic layer 116 with a tube or one obtained by coating the surface of the elastic layer 116 with a paint, but in this embodiment, a tube having excellent durability was used. As a material for the release layer 118, in addition to PFA, a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene resin (FEP), or a fluororubber or silicone rubber with good releasability Etc. may be used.

  If the surface hardness of the fixing roller 110 is low, the width of the contact heating portion N1 can be obtained even at a light pressure. However, if the surface hardness is too low, the durability deteriorates. Therefore, the surface hardness of the fixing roller 110 of this embodiment is Asker-C hardness. (4.9 N load), and the angle was 40 to 45 °. The fixing roller 110 receives power from a drive source (not shown) and rotates in the direction of arrow R2 in the drawing at a surface moving speed of 60 mm / sec.

  The pressure roller 111 preferably has a low heat capacity and low thermal conductivity so that heat is not easily taken from the fixing roller 110. The pressure roller 111 in this embodiment has the same configuration as the fixing roller 110. The outer diameter of the pressure roller 111 is 20 mm, a foamed rubber elastic layer 122 having a thickness of 4 mm is formed on the outer side of the iron cored bar 121 having a diameter of 12 mm, and a release layer 123 made of PFA is provided on the outermost layer. Yes. The pressure roller 111 is pressed by a pressure roller pressing spring 124 through a bearing 125 with a force of 147N in the direction of arrow A2 in the figure. Thus, a fixing nip portion N2 having a width of 7 mm is formed between the fixing roller 110 and the fixing roller 110. The pressure roller 111 receives power from the fixing roller 110 and rotates in the direction of arrow R3.

  The heating member 112 of this embodiment that contacts the release layer 118 of the fixing roller 110 includes a heater 113 as a heat source, a heater holder 119 made of a heat-resistant resin that holds the heater 113, and the fixing roller 110 side of the heater 113. And a sliding layer 120 that is in contact with the fixing roller 110.

  The heating member 112 is pressurized with a force of 98 N in the direction of the arrow A1 in the figure by the pressure spring 114. As a result, a contact heating portion N1 having a width in the rotation direction of the fixing roller of 5.5 mm is formed. The heater 113 is composed of a ceramic substrate having a width of 6 mm and a thickness of 1 mm in the rotation direction of the fixing roller (the material of the substrate in this embodiment is alumina), and Ag / Pd (silver palladium) having a thickness of 10 μm printed on the ceramic substrate. A heating resistance layer, and a glass layer having a thickness of 50 μm as a protective layer covering the heating resistance layer.

  Although the glass surface of the heater 113 may be brought into direct contact with the surface of the fixing roller 110 to heat the surface of the fixing roller 110, in this embodiment, the surface of the heater 113 has excellent releasability and slidability. A dynamic layer 120 was provided. The sliding layer 120 suppresses the toner offset to the surface of the fixing roller 110 from adhering to the heating member 112 and reduces the frictional force due to sliding with the fixing roller 110. As the material of the sliding layer 120, it is preferable to use a fluororesin such as PFA excellent in releasability with toner and PTFE excellent in sliding property. If the sliding layer 120 is too thick, the heat of the heater 113 is not easily transmitted to the fixing roller 110, and if it is too thin, the durability is insufficient. Therefore, the thickness is preferably 1 to 100 μm. Further, the sliding layer 120 may be directly coated on the glass layer of the heater 113 in order to reduce the contact thermal resistance with the heater 113, or a sheet-like material having good durability and surface property may be used. And a fixing roller 110 may be used. When a sheet-like material is used, the fixing roller 110 can be protected from the edge of the heater 113 because it can be installed so as to cover the upstream edge and the downstream edge portion of the heater 113 in the fixing roller rotation direction. In the present embodiment, a PFA sheet having a thickness of 50 μm is used as the sliding layer 120 and is installed so as to cover the edge of the heater 113.

  On the back surface of the heater 113, a temperature detection element 115 that detects the temperature of the back side of the ceramic substrate that has been heated in accordance with the heat generation of the heating resistor layer is disposed. In accordance with the signal of the temperature detection element 115, the power supplied to the heating resistor layer from the electrode portion (not shown) at the end of the ceramic substrate in the longitudinal direction (direction orthogonal to the rotation direction of the fixing roller) is appropriately controlled. Thus, the temperature of the heater 113 is adjusted. In this embodiment, energization to the heating resistor layer is controlled so that the detected temperature of the temperature detecting element 115 maintains the target temperature. The heat generated by the heater 113 is transmitted to the surface of the fixing roller 110 through the contact heating unit N1. The target temperature during the fixing process is 180 ° C.

  The heat source of the fixing device of this embodiment is only the heating member 112 that contacts the release layer 118 of the fixing roller 110, and there is no heat source inside the fixing roller 110. In addition, in order to efficiently transmit the heat generated by the heater 113 to the fixing roller 110, it is preferable that the material of the heater holder 119 has a high heat insulating effect.

  When the recording material P to which the unfixed toner image T is transferred is conveyed to the fixing nip portion N2 by a conveyance unit (not shown), the heat on the surface of the fixing roller 110 is transferred to the unfixed toner image T and the recording material P. A toner image T is heated and fixed on the surface of the recording material P.

  Next, the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 are slid relative to each other in the direction intersecting the fixing roller rotation direction, that is, at least one of the rotating body and the heating member intersects the rotation direction of the rotating body. A configuration (moving mechanism) that can move while the rotating body and the heating member are in contact with each other in the intersecting direction will be described.

  A front view seen from the direction of arrow A3 in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. A rack 127 is provided at the end of the heating member 112 in the longitudinal direction. By rotating the (pinion) gear 126 in the direction of the arrow R4 in the drawing by a driving means (not shown), the heating member 112 is shown in the arrow A4 in the drawing. It slides in the direction (axial direction of the fixing roller). The heating member 112 may be slid in the A4 direction regardless of whether the fixing roller 110 is rotated or stopped. However, if the heating member 112 is stopped when the fixing roller 110 is stopped, the surface of the fixing roller 110 is parallel to the axial direction. There is a possibility of scratching. In this embodiment, the heating member 112 is slid only when the fixing roller 110 is rotating. The fixing device of this embodiment does not have a structure for moving the fixing roller 110 in the axial direction (longitudinal direction). Therefore, when the heating member 112 slides in the axial direction, the fixing roller 110 is fixed without moving in the axial direction.

  FIG. 3 shows a view from the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. The heating member 112 indicated by the dotted line slides in the arrow A5 direction when the fixing roller 110 rotates in the arrow R2 direction. Therefore, when the surface of the fixing roller 110 is viewed from the fixing point on the heating member 112 side as shown in FIG. 3, the surface of the fixing roller 110 is moved by the rotation of the fixing roller 110 in the R2 direction (vector Vr) and A5 of the heating member 112 is. It moves to the synthetic | combination direction Vl (= Vr + Vh) with the movement (vector Vh) by the slide to a direction.

  Since the surface of the fixing roller 110 always moves with respect to the heating member 112 in an oblique direction Vl that is a direction intersecting the rotation direction R2 of the fixing roller 110, even if foreign matter such as paper dust is caught in the contact heating portion N1. The foreign matter does not rub against the same part of the surface of the fixing roller. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the surface of the fixing roller 110 from becoming deep and thick enough to appear as vertical stripes on the image.

  If the fixing roller and the heating member do not slide relative to each other in a direction crossing the rotation direction of the fixing roller, if a foreign object is caught between the fixing roller and the heating member, a deep flaw is generated on the surface of the fixing roller. Sometimes. The flaw on the fixing roller is transferred to the toner image on the recording material at the time of fixing. In low printing rate images such as documents and halftones, flaws on the fixing roller are unlikely to appear as vertical streaks on the toner image, but in high printing rate images such as solid images and photographs, flaws on the fixing roller are likely to appear on the toner image as vertical streaks. . In addition, the vertical streak generated in the toner image is particularly easily visible when an image is formed on glossy paper or the like that requires gloss. This is because in order to increase the glossiness of the image, it is necessary to sufficiently melt the toner and to sufficiently transfer the surface shape of the fixing roller onto the surface of the toner image.

  As the depth of the flaw on the fixing roller becomes deeper, it becomes easier to see vertical stripes. When the surface roughness (10-point average roughness Rz) is 3 μm or more, a high printing rate image is fixed on glossy paper that requires gloss. Appear as vertical stripes. Furthermore, when the surface roughness (10-point average roughness Rz) is 6 μm or more, vertical stripes become noticeable on glossy paper, and vertical stripes may also appear on plain paper that does not require gloss depending on the image printing rate. It may be visible. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the surface roughness of the fixing roller to 3 μm or less with a ten-point average roughness Rz. A flaw with a 10-point average roughness Rz of 3 μm or less makes it difficult for human eyes to discriminate it as a vertical line even if a high printing rate image is fixed on glossy paper or the like that requires gloss.

  The configuration of this embodiment in which the fixing roller and the heating member slide relative to each other in the direction intersecting the rotation direction of the fixing roller, and the comparative example in which the fixing roller and the heating member do not move relative to each other in the direction intersecting with the rotation direction of the fixing roller In the configuration, the printing durability test was performed and compared. In the printing durability test, an image with a printing rate of 5% is continuously printed on a plurality of recording materials, and the fixing roller is scratched every 1,000 sheets up to 10,000 sheets continuously, every 10,000 sheets after 10,000 sheets continuously. Confirmed. The flaws on the fixing roller were confirmed by measuring the depth of the flaws with a surface roughness meter and checking for the presence of vertical streaks on solid images of plain paper and glossy paper.

  FIG. 4 shows the result of the flaw depth of the fixing roller by the printing durability test. The scale of the horizontal axis indicates that the numerical value 10 is 10,000 sheets. In the configuration of the comparative example, the flaw depth (ten-point average roughness Rz) of the fixing roller became 3 μm or more at the time of printing 4000 sheets, and vertical stripes were generated on the solid image of glossy paper. Furthermore, the flaw depth (ten-point average roughness Rz) of the fixing roller becomes 6 μm or more at the time of printing 30,000 sheets, and vertical stripes are generated on the image even when a solid image is formed on plain paper. I have.

  On the other hand, in the configuration of this embodiment, when the fixing roller 110 rotates, the heating member 112 slides in a state in which both of them are in contact with each other in the direction perpendicular to the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110. Up to 10,000 sheets, the flaw depth (ten point average roughness Rz) of the fixing roller could be suppressed to 3 μm or less. Therefore, even when an image is formed and fixed on glossy paper where the vertical stripes are easily visible, no vertical stripe-like image defect occurs on the solid image until the life of the fixing device.

  In addition, when a large amount of small size paper is passed through, the fixing roller 110 may be scratched in the rotation direction due to paper edges (edges). Even when a large amount of paper is passed, it is possible to suppress the appearance of vertical stripes on the image due to the edges of small-size paper.

  In the configuration described above, the entire heating member 112 is slid. However, the sliding layer 120 and the fixing roller 110 are moved with respect to the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110 while the heater 113 and the heater holder 119 are fixed. You may make it slide relatively in the direction which cross | intersects. For example, the heater 113 and the heater holder 119 may be fixed, and only the sliding layer 120 may be slid in the axial direction.

  FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which only the sliding layer 120 is slid as an example. A winding roller 128 that winds up the sheet-like sliding layer 120 is provided. When the fixing roller 110 rotates in the R2 direction, the winding roller 128 rotates in the R5 direction and winds up the sliding layer 120. It is. Also in this configuration, since the sliding layer 120 of the heating member 112 slides in the direction of the arrow A5, the surface of the fixing roller 110 intersects the rotation direction R2 of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112 as in the configuration of FIG. Move diagonally. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of scratches having a depth that appears as vertical stripes on the image on the surface of the fixing roller 110.

  Further, in the configuration of this embodiment, the fixing roller 110 is fixed and the heating member 112 is slid. However, the heating member 112 is fixed and the fixing roller is moved in a direction intersecting with the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110. 110 may be slid. Alternatively, a configuration in which both the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 are relatively slid in the crossing direction may be employed.

  The sliding direction of the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 is not limited to the axial direction. If the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 slide in a direction intersecting the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110, the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves in an oblique direction different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112. Therefore, the same effect can be obtained.

  As in this embodiment, when the fixing roller is rotating while the heating member is heating the fixing roller (rotating body), at least one of the fixing roller and the heating member is in the rotation direction of the fixing roller. If the fixing roller and the heating member are in contact with each other in the crossing direction, the surface of the fixing roller is partially stretched in the crossing direction crossing the rotation direction of the rotating body to a scale-like surface. It has a function of deforming and also has an effect of repairing scratches generated on the surface of the fixing roller. This will be described in the second and subsequent embodiments.

(Example 2)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The same members as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and numbers as those of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In this embodiment, at least one of the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 reciprocates in the intersecting direction intersecting the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110 in a state where both of them are in contact with each other. This will be described in detail below.

  FIG. 6 is a front view of the contact-type external heating and fixing device in the present embodiment. As in the first embodiment, the fixing roller 110 is fixed in the axial direction, and the pressure roller 111 is driven to rotate in the direction of arrow R3 by the rotation of the fixing roller 110 in the direction of arrow R2.

  The heating member 112 is slidable in a direction parallel to the rotation axis direction of the fixing roller, and is pressed from one side by the pressure spring 130 in the direction of arrow A7 with a force of 49 N and slides in the direction of arrow A6. On the other hand, a cam 129 is provided on the side of the heating member 112 opposite to the side where the pressure spring 130 is installed, and the cam 129 rotates around the cam shaft 133 in the direction of arrow R6 by a rotating means (not shown). ing.

  FIG. 7 shows a state where the cam 129 is rotated 180 ° with respect to FIG. When the cam 129 rotates 180 ° from the phase shown in FIG. 6, the heating member 112 is pushed by the cam 129 and slides in the arrow A8 direction. When the cam 129 further rotates 180 ° in the direction of the arrow R6, the heating member 112 is pressurized in the direction of the arrow A7 by the pressure spring 130, and thus returns to the position shown in FIG. That is, while the cam 129 rotates in the direction of the arrow R6, the heating member 112 reciprocates in the axial direction (cross direction intersecting with the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110). The cam 129 rotates in the direction of the arrow R6 when the fixing roller 110 rotates to reciprocate the heating member 112. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves in an oblique direction different from the rotation direction R2 of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112, and the effect of suppressing the depth of scratches generated on the surface of the fixing roller 110 to be shallow. is there.

  Further, as in the first embodiment, an effect of repairing a scratch generated on the surface of the fixing roller 110 can be obtained. If the sliding amount W1 of the heating member 112 by the cam 129 is about 1 mm, the effect of making the scratch on the surface of the fixing roller shallower or repairing the scratch can be obtained. However, the larger the sliding amount W1, the greater the effect. Then, the slide amount W1 was set to 4 mm. Further, if the reciprocating cycle of the heating member 112 overlaps with the rotation cycle of the fixing roller 110, the contact heating unit N1 rubs the same portion of the surface of the fixing roller. It is preferable not to synchronize with one period of 110. In this embodiment, one cycle of the fixing roller 110 is about 1.05 seconds, whereas the slide speed of the heating member 112 is 6 seconds per reciprocation.

  In the configuration of the present embodiment, since the reciprocating movement is used to slide the heating member 112 in the axial direction, the sliding can be performed semi-permanently regardless of the length in the longitudinal direction of the member to be slid.

  With the configuration described above, the same print durability test as in Example 1 was performed. Due to the reciprocating movement of the heating member 112 in the axial direction, the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves in an oblique direction different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112 as in the configuration of the first embodiment. Therefore, the flaw depth (ten-point average roughness Rz) on the surface of the fixing roller 110 can be suppressed to 3 μm or less, and the life of the fixing device is reached regardless of the paper type and the image printing rate as in the first embodiment. The occurrence of image defects such as vertical stripes could be suppressed.

  In addition, although the present Example is the structure which reciprocated the whole heating member 112, the structure which reciprocates only the sliding layer 120 which is a part of heating member in an axial direction may be sufficient. FIG. 8 shows a configuration in which only the sliding layer 120 is reciprocated as an example. Winding rollers 131 and 132 for reciprocating the sheet-like sliding layer 120 are provided at both ends of the heating member 112. When the fixing roller 110 rotates in the R2 direction, the winding rollers 131 and 132 are in the direction of arrow R7. And the sliding layer 120 is reciprocated. Also in this configuration, since the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves in an oblique direction different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

  In the configuration of this embodiment, the fixing roller 110 is fixed and the heating member 112 is reciprocated in the axial direction. However, the heating member 112 is fixed and the fixing roller 110 is reciprocated in the axial direction, or heating is performed. A configuration in which both the member 112 and the fixing roller 110 are relatively reciprocally moved may be employed. FIG. 9 is a front view of a configuration in which the heating member 112 is fixed and the fixing roller 110 is reciprocated in the axial direction as an example. Similar to the configuration in which the heating member 112 is reciprocated as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the fixing roller 110 is reciprocated by the cam 129 and the pressure spring 130. Further, the configuration in which the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 are reciprocated is not limited thereto, and a configuration in which the gear 126 is reciprocated using a rack and gear (see FIG. 2) as in the first embodiment may be used. The reciprocating direction of the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 is not limited to the direction parallel to the axial direction of the fixing roller, and the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 slide relative to each other in a direction different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110. In this case, the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves with respect to the heating member 112 in an oblique direction different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110, so that the same effect as described above can be obtained.

  Next, when the fixing roller 110 is rotated and the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 are in contact with each other and relatively moving in the crossing direction, the frictional force that the fixing roller 110 receives by sliding with the heating member 112 is shown in FIG. Will be described. In the following description, it is assumed that the heating member 112 is fixed and the fixing roller 110 is reciprocated in the axial direction.

  Since the fixing roller 110 is rotating, the surface of the fixing roller receives the frictional force Fr in the direction opposite to the rotation direction at the contact heating portion N1 with the heating member 112. Further, since the fixing roller reciprocates in the axial direction, the surface of the fixing roller receives a frictional force opposite to the moving direction. FIG. 10 shows the frictional force Fs received when the fixing roller 110 is moving in the A6 direction. The surface of the fixing roller receives the force F1 as a resultant force of these two frictional forces. Since the fixing roller 110 reciprocates as described above, the force F1 has a component other than the rotation direction, and the magnitude of the force also changes periodically with time.

  In the configuration in which the fixing roller and the heating member do not slide relative to each other, if foreign matter such as paper dust is caught in the contact heating unit N1, the foreign matter tends to get caught in the contact heating unit N1 and stay easily. Therefore, if the foreign matter stays in the contact heating portion N1, the foreign matter scrapes the same portion of the surface of the fixing roller, and deep flaws are generated in the rotation direction of the fixing roller.

  On the other hand, if a configuration in which the fixing roller and the heating member slide relative to each other is used, the frictional force received by the foreign matter at the contact heating unit N1 is generated in a direction other than the rotation direction of the fixing roller as described above. Even if the foreign matter is caught in the portion N1, the property that the foreign matter easily slips through the contact heating portion N1 occurs.

  Therefore, the foreign matter does not damage the same part of the surface of the fixing roller, and it is possible to prevent deep scratches from occurring on the surface of the fixing roller.

  Further, due to the above-described frictional force F1 and heating from the heating member 112, the release layer 118 on the surface of the fixing roller 110 is partially stretched in a direction crossing the rotation direction of the fixing roller, and deformed into a scale-like surface. To do. FIG. 11 (1) is a photograph of the surface of a new fixing roller before mounting on the fixing device at the time of manufacturing the fixing device, and FIG. 11 (2) is a diagram after the fixing roller 110 is reciprocated for 10 minutes by the method of the second embodiment. 3 is a photograph of the surface of a fixing roller. The results are observed with a polarizing microscope. As shown in FIG. 11 (2), the release layer 118 stretched in a scale shape is generated on the entire surface of the fixing roller 110.

  Next, a mechanism capable of repairing a scratch generated on the surface of the fixing roller by the configuration of this embodiment will be described.

  As described above, the portion of the release layer that is stretched and deformed in a scaly manner covers the flaw on the surface of the fixing roller 110, so that vertical stripes are less likely to appear on the image after fixing. Even if the scaled and deformed portion cannot cover all the flaws on the surface of the fixing roller 110, if the flaws can be covered in some places, an image defect due to flaws on the fixing roller may occur after fixing. It has been found that it can be greatly suppressed from appearing on the image.

  12 and 13 are cross-sectional views of the surface of the fixing roller 110 observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). FIG. 12 shows a surface of a new fixing roller 110, and FIG. 13 shows a photograph and a schematic view of the surface after the rubbing of the heating roller 112 in a state where heat is generated by reciprocating the fixing roller 110. It is.

  The new fixing roller surface layer (release layer) is smooth as shown in FIG. 12, while the fixing roller surface layer (release layer) after rubbing is partially stretched in a scaly shape as shown in FIG. There is a deformed part, and it can be seen that this deformed part covers the wound.

  As described above, in order to stretch and deform the release layer 118 partially in the form of flakes, friction force and temperature for softening and stretching the surface of the fixing roller 110 (release layer) are required.

First, the frictional force applied to the surface of the fixing roller 110 includes the frictional force F1 generated by sliding between the fixing roller 110 and the heating member 112 as described above. In order to obtain this frictional force F1, in this embodiment, the surface pressure peak value of the contact heating portion N1 is set to 1.2 × 10 ⁵ N / m ² . In order to obtain the frictional force F1 that effectively stretches the release layer 118 in the form of flakes, the surface pressure peak value of the contact heating part N1 is preferably 9.8 × 10 ⁴ N / m ² or more.

  Next, as a temperature for obtaining the effect of stretching the release layer 118 in the form of flakes, a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition point (Tg) of the release layer 118 is required. If the glass transition point of PFA, which is the material of the release layer used in this embodiment, is about 118 ° C., and the heating member set temperature during the fixing processing of the fixing device of this embodiment is 180 ° C., the fixing processing The release layer 118 can be effectively stretched into a scale shape.

  By the way, both the fixing roller 110 and the heating member 112 are fixed so as not to slide, and even when the fixing roller 110 and the heating member 112 slide only in the rotation direction, the above-described frictional force and temperature conditions are satisfied. The release layer 118 is partially stretched in the form of flakes and deformed. However, the effect of repairing scratches as in this embodiment cannot be obtained. The reason will be described below.

  As described above, in the configuration in which the fixing roller 110 and the heating member 112 are fixed so as not to slide, the frictional force Fr applied to the surface of the fixing roller 110 is only in the rotational direction. In this case, since the release layer 118 is stretched in the form of flakes in the rotation direction, the portion stretched in the scale shape hardly covers the scratches deeply generated in the rotation direction. Therefore, the wound cannot be repaired.

  14 (1) and 14 (2) show a configuration of a comparative example in which both the fixing roller 110 and the heating member 112 are fixed so as not to slide in the axial direction, and the fixing roller 110 and the heating member 112 are relatively in the axial direction. This is a comparison of the configuration of the moving example and the surface after rotation of the fixing roller in each configuration. The photograph in the figure is a polarization microscope observation image, and a schematic diagram showing the state of the surface layer in an easy-to-understand manner is shown next to the photograph. Both the comparative example and the example show the surface state after the fixing device is driven for 10 minutes in a state where the surface temperature of the fixing roller 110 (≈the target temperature of the heating member) is controlled to be 180 ° C. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 14 (1), in the case of the comparative example, since the release layer 118 is stretched in the shape of flakes so as to be along the same direction as the direction of the scratch, the scaly portion covers the scratch. Absent. In addition, the wound itself is large and deep.

  On the other hand, in the case of this embodiment, the fixing roller 110 reciprocates in the axial direction, and the heating member and the fixing roller move relative to each other in the direction intersecting the rotation direction of the fixing roller. The frictional force received by has a component other than the rotational direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14 (2), the release layer 118 is stretched in a scale shape in a random direction other than the rotation direction, so that the scale-shaped portion covers the wound generated in the rotation direction, You can see that it is repaired. Further, the scratch itself is smaller and shallower than in FIG.

  In addition, if the release layer 118 on the surface of the fixing roller 110 is deformed in the form of scaly, even if foreign matter remains in the contact heating portion N1 and the surface of the fixing roller is scraped off, the part of the release layer that is deformed in the form of scaly is damaged. Since it is intermittently interrupted, it is possible to obtain an effect that the scratch is hardly transferred to the image on the recording material.

  Even in the configuration in which the fixing roller 110 is reciprocated as in the present embodiment, the release layer 118 on the fixing roller 110 is stretched in a scale shape in a random direction other than the rotation direction (crossing direction intersecting the rotation direction). Since it has the function, the surface roughness (ten-point average roughness Rz) of the fixing roller can be suppressed to 3 μm or less up to 100,000 sheets which is the life of the fixing device by the above-described scratch generation suppressing effect and scratch repair effect. it can. Therefore, even when a solid image is formed on glossy paper in which vertical stripes caused by scratches in the rotation direction of the fixing roller are likely to appear in the image on the recording material, occurrence of image defects can be suppressed.

  Further, even if scaly irregularities are formed on the surface of the fixing roller by the configuration of this embodiment, such scaly portions are unlikely to cause adverse effects such as a decrease in glossiness of an image after fixing. This is because the release layer is sufficiently stretched by heating and frictional force when deformed into a scale shape, so that the scale-like portion does not become an extreme step that causes a decrease in glossiness of the image after fixing.

  The direction in which the fixing roller 110 and the heating member 112 are reciprocated is not limited to the axial direction. For example, the reciprocating direction of the heating member 112 may be shifted so as to be non-parallel to the rotation axis of the fixing roller 110. FIG. 15 is a view of the configuration in which the reciprocating direction of the heating member 112 is shifted by an angle Y with respect to the rotation axis direction of the fixing roller 110 as viewed from the top of the apparatus. Also with this configuration, the frictional force Fr generated by the rotation of the fixing roller 110 and the frictional force Fs due to the reciprocating motion of the heating member 112 are generated (the figure shows a case where the heating member 112 is moving in the A8 direction). Since the resultant force F1 of the frictional forces Fr and Fs has a component in a direction other than the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110, as described above, the generation of the scratch can be suppressed and the damage can be repaired.

  If the shift angle Y between the rotation axis of the fixing roller 110 and the longitudinal direction of the heating member 112 becomes too large, it is difficult to make the heating member uniformly contact the surface of the fixing roller 110 in the axial direction (bus line direction). Therefore, the angle Y is preferably set in the range of 0 ° ≦ Y ≦ 10 °. In this embodiment, Y = 5 °.

  In this embodiment, a PTFE sheet, which is a fluororesin, is used for the sliding layer 120. However, in order to efficiently transmit the heat of the heater to the fixing roller 110, a metal sheet such as aluminum (Al) or stainless steel (SUS) is used. It may be used.

  As described above, if a moving mechanism that can reciprocate in a state where at least one of the fixing roller and the heating member is in contact with the fixing roller and the heating member in a crossing direction intersecting the rotation direction of the fixing roller is provided, It can suppress that the foreign material in a contact heating part damages the same location of the fixing roller in the axial direction. Further, if at least one of the fixing roller and the heating member reciprocates in the crossing direction when the heating member is heating the fixing roller, an effect of repairing the scratch on the surface of the fixing roller can be obtained. It is particularly preferable to perform such reciprocation when the recording material carrying the image is subjected to heat treatment (fixing treatment) because it is not necessary to provide a special time for repairing the scratches. As described above, if the fixing device has a function of extending the surface of the fixing roller partially in the crossing direction intersecting the rotation direction of the fixing roller and deforming it into a scaly surface, the surface of the fixing roller is crossed in the crossing direction. Since it receives frictional force, a scale-like release layer is formed, and a wound repairing effect is obtained.

(Example 3)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In this embodiment, an image forming apparatus that forms an unfixed toner image is the same as that in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. In the contact-type external heat fixing apparatus, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, in the contact heating unit N1, the heating member 112 is fixed to the fixing roller 110 so that the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves in a direction (crossing direction) different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112. 110 is rotated in a direction different from the rotation direction. This will be described in detail below.

  FIG. 16 is a front view of a contact-type external heating and fixing device in the present embodiment. As in the first embodiment, the fixing roller 110 is fixed so as not to move in the axial direction, and the pressure roller 111 is driven to rotate in the direction of arrow R3 by the rotation of the fixing roller 110 in the direction of arrow R2.

  The heating member 112 has a configuration in which a heater 113 as a heat source is held by a heater holder 119, and a belt-like sliding layer 137 is provided at a portion in contact with the fixing roller 110. The sliding layer 137 is stretched over the driving roller 135 and the tension roller 134 and is stretched by a tension spring 138 with a force of 9.8 N.

  FIG. 17 is a side view of the fixing device as viewed from the direction of arrow A10 in FIG. The width W2 of the sliding layer 137 is 15 mm, and the heater holder 119 and the heater 113 having a width of 6 mm are covered with the sliding layer 137. The heating member 112 is pressed by two pressing plates 136 that rotate about the fulcrum 139 passing between the belts of the sliding layer 137 and pressing the heater holder 119 with the force of the pressing spring 114. It is. The force with which the heater holder 119 is pressed in the direction of the arrow A1 by the pressure spring 114 is 98N. When the fixing roller 110 rotates, the driving roller 135 rotates in the direction of arrow R8 in FIG. 16, and the sliding layer 137 rotates in the direction of arrow A9. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves in a direction different from the rotation direction R2 of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112, and a flaw having a depth that appears as a vertical stripe on the image is fixed on the fixing roller. 110 can be suppressed from occurring on the surface. Further, as in the first embodiment, an effect of repairing a scratch generated on the surface of the fixing roller 110 can be obtained. In the configuration of the present embodiment, since the rotary motion is used to move the heating member 112 in the axial direction, the heating member 112 is semipermanently and smoothly regardless of the length of the moved member in the longitudinal direction. Can be moved.

  With the configuration described above, the same print durability test as in Example 1 was performed. Due to the rotational movement of the heating member 112 in the axial direction, the surface of the fixing roller 110 moves in a direction different from the rotation direction of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112 as in the first embodiment. Rz can be suppressed to 3 μm or less, and the occurrence of image defects such as vertical stripes can be suppressed until the life of the fixing device regardless of the paper type and the image printing rate as in Example 1.

Example 4
Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described below. In this embodiment, an image forming apparatus that forms an unfixed toner image is the same as that in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. In the contact-type external heat fixing apparatus, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the configuration described in the third embodiment, the heating member 112 is rotated in the axial direction of the fixing roller. However, the rotation direction of the heating member 112 is not limited to the axial direction, and is rotated in a direction different from the rotational direction of the fixing roller 110. If it is the structure, the effect similar to the above-mentioned is acquired. For example, as shown in FIG. 18, in a contact-type external heating device using a rotating body such as a heat roller containing a halogen lamp as the heating member 112, the rotation axis of the heating member 112 is relative to the rotation axis of the fixing roller 110. The configuration may be shifted.

  A view seen from the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 18 is shown in FIG. The rotation axis Z1 of the heating member 112 indicated by the dotted line is shifted from the rotation axis Z2 of the fixing roller 110. When the surface of the fixing roller 110 is viewed from the heating member 112, the surface of the fixing roller 110 is a combined direction Vl = the movement Vr due to the rotation of the fixing roller 110 in the R2 direction and the movement Vh due to the rotation of the heating member 112 in the R9 direction. It will move to Vr + Vh. The surface of the fixing roller 110 always moves in an oblique direction Vl that is different from the rotation direction R2 of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112. As the shift angle X between the rotation axis Z1 of the heating member 112 and the rotation axis Z2 of the fixing roller 110 is larger, the amount of movement in the V1 direction is larger, and the above-described fixing roller flaw suppression and flaw repair effects are enhanced. The contact heating portion formed by the heating member 112 and the fixing roller 110 becomes non-uniform in the fixing roller axial direction. Therefore, the angle X is preferably set within a range of 1 ° ≦ X ≦ 15 °, and X = 5 ° in this embodiment.

  In the case of the external heating device of the present embodiment, since the moving direction of the surface of the heating member 112 (the surface of the heating roller) and the surface of the fixing roller 110 are the same, scratches in the rotational direction are hardly generated in the first place. However, when a small amount of small size paper is passed through, the fixing roller 110 may be damaged in the rotational direction due to the paper edge. In the configuration of this embodiment, the surface of the fixing roller 110 always moves in a direction Vl different from the rotation direction R2 of the fixing roller 110 with respect to the heating member 112. Has a wound repair effect. Therefore, even when a large amount of small-size paper is passed, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of scratches having a depth that appears as vertical stripes on the image on the fixing roller. Further, even if a flaw having a depth that appears as a vertical stripe on the image occurs on the fixing roller, the flaw generated by the configuration of this embodiment can be repaired.

(Example 5)
Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described below. In this embodiment, an image forming apparatus for forming an unfixed toner image is the same as that in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. In the contact-type external heat fixing apparatus, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, the fixing belt 135 is used as a rotating body that comes into contact with a recording material carrying an image.

  FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a contact-type external heat fixing device in the present embodiment. The fixing roller 110 is fixed so as not to move in the axial direction, and rotates in the direction of the arrow R2. The fixing belt 135, which is a rotating body that contacts the recording material, is stretched around the fixing roller 110 and the tension roller 133, and is driven to rotate in the direction of arrow R9 by the rotation of the fixing roller 110. The pressure roller 111 that forms the fixing nip portion N2 with the fixing roller 110 via the fixing belt 135 rotates following the direction of the arrow R3 as the fixing belt 135 rotates.

  In order to warm the fixing belt 135 efficiently, the heating member 112 is in contact with the surface of the fixing belt 135. A contact area between the fixing belt 135 and the heating member 112 is a contact heating portion N1. The force for pressing the heating member 112 in the direction of the arrow A3 by the pressure spring 137 is set to 98N.

  Here, the layer structure of the fixing belt 135 used in the fixing device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The fixing belt 135 is provided with an elastic layer 152 on the outside of a base layer 153 made of resin such as polyimide resin via a primer layer (adhesive layer), and a release layer 151 made of a fluororesin on the outside of the elastic layer 152. Is provided.

  The elastic layer 152 is made of a material having excellent heat resistance and thermal conductivity, such as silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, and fluorosilicone rubber. In this example, a solid silicone rubber having a thermal conductivity of 0.25 W / m · K to 0.29 W / m · K was used. The material of the release layer 151 is perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA).

  When the recording material P to which the unfixed toner image T has been transferred is conveyed to the fixing nip portion N2 by a conveyance unit (not shown), the heat on the surface of the fixing belt 135 is transferred to the unfixed toner image T and the recording material P. The toner image T is heat-fixed on the surface of the recording material P.

  Even in the case of using a belt structure as the rotating member that contacts the recording material carrying the image as in this embodiment, if the heating member is in contact with the surface, the surface of the fixing belt is likely to be damaged.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, there is provided means for partially stretching the surface layer of the fixing belt in a scale shape. As a means for extending the surface layer in a scale shape, a configuration in which the heating member 112 is reciprocated left and right in the axial direction of the tension roller 133 is used. FIG. 22 shows a top view of the fixing device of this embodiment. Since the mechanism in which the heating member 112 reciprocates left and right is exactly the same as in the second embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. The heating member 112 reciprocates in the axial direction of the tension roller by the rotation of the cam 129 and the pressure spring 130, while the fixing belt is controlled to maintain a high temperature of about 180 ° C. by a control unit (not shown). The surface layer of the fixing belt 135 can be stretched in a scale-like manner in a random direction.

  As described above, the surface layer of the fixing belt 135 is less likely to be damaged by the means for stretching the release layer 118 of the fixing belt 135 in a scale shape in a direction other than the rotation direction of the fixing belt. It can be repaired.

  In this embodiment, the fixing roller 110 is rotated by being driven by a drive source, and the tension roller 136 and the pressure roller 111 are driven to rotate. However, the tension roller 136 and the pressure roller 111 are driven by the drive source, Another roller may be driven to rotate.

  In the present embodiment, the entire heating member 112 is reciprocated, but only the sliding layer 120 of the heating member 112 is moved so as to have a sliding component in a direction different from the rotation direction of the tension roller. May be.

  In the above embodiments, the fixing device mounted on the image forming apparatus has been described as an example. However, the image heating apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the fixing device mounted on the image forming apparatus. For example, the technical idea of the present invention can be applied to a gloss applying device that is sold as an option in order to reheat the image fixed by the fixing device in order to improve the glossiness of the image. Further, the present invention can also be applied to an image heating apparatus having both a heating member that contacts the surface of the rotating body and a heating member (for example, a halogen heater) disposed inside the rotating body. The present invention relates to a rotating body that comes into contact with a recording material that carries an image, a heating member that comes into contact with the surface of the rotating body and heats the rotating body, and a recording material that carries an image together with the rotating body, regardless of its use or apparatus form. The present invention can be applied to a backup member that forms a nip portion for nipping and conveying the image, and an image heating apparatus having the backup member.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the image heating apparatus according to the first embodiment. 1 is a front view of an image heating apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. The figure which looked at the image heating apparatus of Example 1 from upper direction. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the state of occurrence of flaws on the surface of the fixing roller by a printing durability test of the image heating apparatus of Example 1 and the image heating apparatus of the comparative example. FIG. 6 is a front view of a configuration in which only the sliding layer that is a part of the heating member is slid, which is a modification of the image heating apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a front view of an image heating apparatus according to a second embodiment. The front view which shows the state which made the heating member slide to the position different from the position of the heating member of the image heating apparatus of FIG. FIG. 10 is a front view of a configuration in which only a sliding layer that is a part of a heating member is slid, which is a modification of the image heating apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a front view of a configuration in which a fixing roller is slid, which is a modification of the image heating apparatus according to the second exemplary embodiment. The figure which showed the frictional force which the fixing roller surface receives when a fixing roller rotates to R2 direction and slides to A6 direction. (1) is a polarizing microscope photograph of the surface of a new fixing roller before being mounted on the fixing apparatus during manufacture of the fixing apparatus, and (2) is a polarizing microscope photograph of the surface of the fixing roller after reciprocating the fixing roller for 10 minutes. is there. The photograph and the schematic diagram which observed the section of the surface of a new fixing roller with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The photograph and schematic diagram which observed the cross section of the surface of a fixing roller after reciprocatingly moving the fixing roller with respect to the heating member in the heat-generating state, and rubbed it with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). (1) is a configuration of a comparative example in which both the fixing roller and the heating member are fixed so as not to slide in the axial direction, and a polarizing microscope observation photograph and a schematic diagram of the roller surface after the fixing roller is rotated, (2) FIG. 2 is a configuration of an embodiment in which a fixing roller and a heating member move relative to each other in the axial direction, and is a photograph of a polarizing microscope observed on the surface of the roller after rotating the fixing roller and a schematic diagram thereof. A diagram showing the frictional force that the surface of the fixing roller receives when the fixing roller rotates in the R2 direction and slides in the A8 direction in a configuration in which the reciprocating direction of the heating member is shifted by an angle Y with respect to the rotation axis direction of the fixing roller. . FIG. 6 is a front view of an image heating apparatus according to a third embodiment. Sectional drawing of the image heating apparatus of Example 3. FIG. Sectional drawing of the image heating apparatus of Example 4. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a frictional force applied to the surface of the fixing roller in the image heating apparatus according to the fourth exemplary embodiment. Sectional drawing of the image heating apparatus of Example 5. FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a fixing belt used in an image heating apparatus of Example 5. The figure which looked at the image heating apparatus of Example 5 from upper direction. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an image forming apparatus in which the image heating apparatus of the present invention is mounted as a fixing device.

Explanation of symbols

100 Fixing device (image heating device)
110 Fixing roller (rotating body)
111 Pressure roller (backup member)
112 Heating member 113 Heater 115 Temperature detection element 118 Release layer 120 Sliding layer

Claims (4)

A rotating body that contacts the recording material that carries the image, a heating member that contacts the surface of the rotating body and heats the rotating body, and a nip portion that sandwiches and conveys the recording material that carries the image together with the rotating body are formed. An image heating apparatus having a backup member,
An image heating apparatus having a function of partially stretching a surface of the rotating body in a crossing direction intersecting a rotation direction of the rotating body to deform the surface into a scale-like surface. When the rotating member is rotating while the heating member is heating the rotating member, at least one of the rotating member and the heating member moves in the intersecting direction with the rotating member and the heating member in contact with each other. The image heating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the rotating body is deformed into the scale shape. The image heating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the rotating body has a release layer on a surface, and the release layer is deformed into the scale shape. The image heating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a temperature of the heating member when the release layer is deformed into the scale shape is equal to or higher than a glass transition point of the release layer.

Images