JP5165971B2 - Electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument that can more faithfully simulate the performance of a brass instrument.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electronic musical instruments have been proposed that simulate brass instruments, particularly trombone performances by playing with a keyboard. In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-110456 (Patent Document 1), in an electronic musical instrument that simulates the performance sound of a trombone, when a pitch is designated, the slide provided in the trombone corresponding to the pitch is recorded. A technique for acquiring a position and performing a pitch change according to a change in a slide position corresponding to a first pitch and a slide position corresponding to a second pitch specified next to the first pitch. Is disclosed. Further, in Japanese Patent No. 2658629 (Patent Document 2), in an electronic musical instrument that simulates the performance sound of a brass instrument, the first pitch and the second pitch have a specific harmonic relationship (for example, octave or 5 degrees). In other words, there is disclosed a technique for changing the mode of pitch change depending on whether or not there is.
JP-A-6-110456 Japanese Patent No. 2658629

  However, in the techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above, in a brass instrument such as a trombone, a pitch change caused by moving a slide, and a pitch change caused by moving a harmonic string by operating a lip, etc. There was a problem that it was not possible to simulate the change of the pitch of the brass instrument by switching properly.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can more accurately simulate the performance of a brass instrument.

In order to solve the above-described problem, an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 is provided for input means for inputting note-on information for instructing the start of generation of a musical tone having a predetermined pitch, and for input to a sound source that generates musical tone. Instructing according to the note-on information input by the means, a range specifying means for specifying a plurality of ranges composed of a plurality of continuous pitches, and the first note-on information is input by the input means When the second note-on information is input next to the first note-on information, the first pitch indicated by the first note-on information and the second note-on information indicated by the second note-on information The pitch determination means for determining whether or not the pitch is included in the same pitch range of the plurality of pitch ranges specified by the pitch range specification means, and the first pitch and the second pitch by the pitch range determination means. Is determined to be in the same range. In this case, the first pitch is determined by the first instruction means for instructing the sound source to gradually change the pitch of the musical sound based on the first pitch to the second pitch, and the range determination means. And the second pitch are not included in the same pitch range, the pitch of the musical tone based on the higher pitch of either the first pitch or the second pitch is calculated. Second instruction means for instructing the sound source to gradually change, wherein the second instruction means includes: (1) a second second pitch when the second pitch is higher than the first pitch; When the note-on information is input, an instruction is given to start generation of a musical tone based on the second pitch, and the musical tone generated based on the instruction is changed from the second pitch to a predetermined tone. It is instructed to gradually change from a low pitch by a high width to a second pitch. (2) When the second pitch is lower than the first pitch When the second note-on information is input, the pitch of the musical tone based on the first pitch is gradually lowered, and the pitch is lowered from the first pitch by a predetermined pitch range. Instruct to start generation of musical sound based on the second pitch .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the electronic musical instrument according to the first aspect, wherein the first pitch and the second pitch are included in the same pitch range by the pitch range judging means. First pitch change time setting means for setting a pitch change time is provided, and the first instruction means sets the pitch of a musical tone based on the first pitch to the first pitch change time. The sound source is instructed to gradually change to the second pitch over the change time set by the setting means, and the second instruction means has (1) the second pitch is the first pitch. If the pitch is higher than 1, when the second note-on information is input, it is instructed to start the generation of a musical tone based on the second pitch, and the tone of the musical tone generated based on the instruction When the first pitch changes from a second pitch lower than the second pitch by a predetermined pitch to a second pitch Instructs to change gradually over the change time set by the setting means. (2) If the second pitch is lower than the first pitch, input the second note-on information. The pitch of the musical tone based on the first pitch is gradually lowered over the change time set by the first pitch change time setting means, and the pitch is changed from the first pitch. When the pitch is lowered by a predetermined pitch, an instruction is given to start generation of a musical tone based on the second pitch.

According to the electronic musical instrument of the first aspect , the sound range specifying means specifies a plurality of sound ranges constituted by a plurality of continuous pitches. When the first note-on information is input to the input means, and the second note-on information is input after the first note-on information, the first note-on information indicated by the pitch difference determination means is the first note-on information. Whether the pitch of 1 and the second pitch indicated by the second note-on information are included in the same range specified by the range specifying unit is determined by the range determination unit. Then, when it is determined by the pitch determining means that the first pitch and the second pitch are included in the same pitch, the first instruction means determines the musical tone based on the first pitch. The sound source is instructed to gradually change the pitch to the second pitch. Therefore, it is possible to simulate a pitch change caused by extending and retracting the trombone slide.

  In addition, when the pitch determining means determines that the first pitch and the second pitch are not included in the same pitch range, the second pitching means determines the first pitch and the second pitch. The sound source is instructed to gradually change the pitch of the musical sound based on a pitch that is higher than any of the high pitches. Therefore, it is possible to perform the performance by appropriately switching between the change in the pitch due to the expansion / contraction operation of the slide in the performance of the trombone and the change in the pitch due to the movement of the overtone sequence, making the performance of the brass instrument more faithful. There is an effect that it can be simulated.

Further, according to the electronic musical instrument of claim 1 Symbol placement, the second instruction unit, when the second pitch is greater than the first pitch, when you enter the second note-on information, second Is instructed to start the generation of a musical tone based on the pitch of the second musical tone, and the pitch of the musical tone generated based on the instruction is changed from the second lower pitch to the second lower than the predetermined pitch width. Instructs the pitch to change gradually. The pitch is formed by moving the second pitch in the harmonic sequence, and the pitch is lowered from the second pitch by a predetermined pitch range to the second pitch by a slide expansion / contraction operation. Can be simulated. Therefore, it is possible to perform the performance by appropriately switching between the change in the pitch due to the expansion / contraction operation of the slide in the performance of the trombone and the change in the pitch due to the movement of the overtone sequence, making the performance of the brass instrument more faithful. There is an effect that it can be simulated.

Further, according to the electronic musical instrument of claim 1 Symbol placement, the second instruction unit, when the second pitch is less than the first pitch, the first from the time of inputting the second note-on information The pitch of the musical tone based on the pitch of the first pitch is gradually lowered, and when the pitch is lowered from the first pitch by a predetermined pitch range, the generation of the musical tone based on the second pitch is started. To instruct. Simulate a performance that is formed by moving the harmonic pitch from the first pitch to a predetermined pitch range by changing the pitch of the trombone slide, and moving the harmonic pitch based on the second pitch. can do. Therefore, it is possible to perform the performance by appropriately switching between the change in the pitch due to the expansion / contraction operation of the slide in the performance of the trombone and the change in the pitch due to the movement of the overtone sequence, making the performance of the brass instrument more faithful. There is an effect that it can be simulated.

  Hereinafter, a preferred first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of an electronic musical instrument 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic musical instrument 1 includes a CPU 2 (central processing unit), a ROM 3 (read only memory) storing a control program 3a executed by the CPU 2, a memory area for work when the CPU 2 executes the control program, and the like. RAM 4 (Random Access Memory) having a display, an operation panel 5 provided with an operator for instructing the electronic musical instrument 1, and a display for displaying parameters set by the operation element, and conforming to the MIDI standard A MIDI interface (I / F) 6 for inputting the performance information, a sound source 7 for generating a musical sound signal corresponding to the performance information input by the MIDI interface 6, and a D / A converter 8 are mainly provided. Yes.

  Connected to the MIDI interface 6 is a MIDI keyboard device 20 that outputs performance information conforming to the MIDI standard in accordance with the operation of the keyboard. The D / A converter 8 is connected to a musical tone output by the D / A converter 8. Is connected to the amplifier 21, and a speaker 22 that emits the musical sound amplified by the amplifier 21 is connected to the amplifier 21.

  The CPU 2 is provided with a timer 2a that measures the time when the pitch of the musical sound generated by the sound source 7 is changed over time. The timer 2a is configured to generate an interrupt to the CPU 2 every time a predetermined time (for example, 1 msec) is measured.

  The ROM 3 stores a control program 3a, a sine table 3b, various constants, and the like corresponding to the processing of the flowcharts shown in FIGS. The sine table 3b is referred to when the pitch is gradually changed, and the sound source is instructed so that the pitch changes smoothly along a part of the sine waveform. Details will be described later.

  The RAM 4 is provided with a temporary memory 4a that stores performance information input last time, performance information input this time, flags, and the like. Information stored in the temporary memory 4a will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The tone generator 7 is configured to store waveforms of various musical sounds, and to generate musical sounds of digital signals by reading out the waveforms instructed by the CPU 2. The digital signal output from the sound source 7 is converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter 8 and input to the amplifier 21.

  The information to be instructed to the sound source 7 is in a format compliant with the MIDI standard. Information for instructing the generation of musical sound is instructed by note-on information, and information for instructing the stop of generation of musical sound is instructed by note-off information and note-on information The information instructed to change the pitch is referred to as pitch bend information. The note-on information includes status information indicating that the information is note-on information, note information indicating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and velocity information indicating a key pressing speed. The note-off information includes status information indicating that the information is note-off information, note information for instructing the pitch of a musical tone to stop sound generation, and velocity information indicating a key release speed. In addition, the pitch bend information indicates the pitch range for changing the pitch higher or lower than the pitch indicated by the status information indicating that the information is pitch bend information and the note-on information of the currently sounding tone. Bend value information to be included.

  Next, the outline of the operation for the mode 1 glissando will be described with reference to FIG. 2, and the outline of the operation for the mode 2 glissando will be described with reference to FIG. Mode 1 is a mode of pitch change when the pitch difference I between the pitch of newly inputted note-on information and the pitch that has been generated so far is equal to or less than a predetermined value. This mode simulates the pitch change caused by the expansion and contraction of the bone slide. Mode 2 is a mode of pitch change when the pitch difference I between the pitch of the newly input note-on information and the pitch that has been generated so far is not less than a predetermined value. This mode simulates the pitch change caused by the movement of overtone strings and the expansion and contraction of the slide during the performance of the trombone. The mode of normal performance without glissando is mode 0.

  Note on information and note off information are collectively referred to as a note event. First, a note event A (hereinafter referred to as “note A”) occurs, and then a note event B (hereinafter referred to as “note B”). If the pitch difference I between the pitch of the note A and the pitch of the note B is calculated and the pitch difference I is larger than a predetermined value (for example, 6 semitones), the mode 1 mode If the pitch difference I is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the glissando is performed in the mode 2 mode. In the present embodiment, changing the pitch gradually from a predetermined pitch to a different pitch is called glissando and is not distinguished from portamento.

  2 and 3, the horizontal axis represents time (unit: msec), the vertical axis represents pitch (unit: semitone), and FIGS. 2 (a), 2 (c), 3 (a), 3 ( c) shows two note events of note A and note B that are input, and FIGS. 2B, 2D, 3B, and 3D are output to the sound source 7. FIG. 6 is a graph showing note events to be performed and pitch changes indicated by pitch bend information. 2 (a), FIG. 2 (b), FIG. 3 (a), and FIG. 3 (b) are cases where the pitch of note A is lower than the pitch of note B, and FIG. FIGS. 2D, 3 </ b> C, and 3 </ b> D show cases where the pitch of note A is higher than the pitch of note B, respectively.

  In these figures, each note event is indicated by a horizontal solid line indicating the pitch and a rectangle surrounding the solid line, and note-on information is input or output at the time at the left end of the rectangle indicating each note event. Note that note-off information is input or output at the right end time of the rectangle indicating the event.

  First, the glissando performed in the mode 1 mode will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2A shows an input note event. Specifically, note-on information of note A is input at time t1, then note-on information of note B is input at time t2, and then time A case where note-off information of note A is input at t3 and note-off information of note B is input at time t4 is shown. The pitch of note B is higher than the pitch of note A, and the pitch difference I between note A and note B is not more than a predetermined value (for example, 6 semitones). In addition, since note-on information of note B is input at time t2, which is before time t3 when note-off information of note A is input, it is determined that note B is played legato.

  FIG. 2B shows an output note event output to the sound source 7 in response to the input note event shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2B, first, the note-on information is output to the sound source 7 at the time t1 when the note-on information of the note A is input.

  Next, at time t2 when the note-on information of note B is input, it is determined that a legato performance has been performed, and furthermore, the pitch difference I between note A and note B is less than or equal to a predetermined value. The sound source 7 is instructed to change the pitch in this manner. Specifically, pitch bend information is output to the sound source 7 at predetermined time intervals so that the pitch of the note A is gradually changed from the pitch of the note A to the pitch of the note B with respect to the pronunciation based on the note A that is currently sounding. When the instructed pitch reaches the pitch of note B, the output of pitch bend information is stopped. Therefore, note-on information of note B is input at time t2, but note-on information is not output to sound source 7. Note A note-off information of note A is input at time t3, but note-off information is not output to sound source 7, and note-off information of note B is input to sound source 7 when note-off information of note B is input at time t4. Off information is output.

  FIG. 2C shows an input event as in FIG. 2A, and note-on information of note A is input at time t1, and then note-on information of note B is input at time t2. Next, a case where note-off information of note A is input at time t3 and note-off information of note B is input at time t4 is shown. The pitch of note B is lower than the pitch of note A, and the pitch difference I between note A and note B is not more than a predetermined value (for example, 6 semitones).

  FIG. 2D shows an output note event output to the sound source 7 in response to the input note event shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2D, first, the note-on information is output to the sound source 7 at time t1 when the note-on information of the note A is input.

  Next, at time t2 when the note-on information of note B is input, it is determined that a legato performance has been performed, and furthermore, the pitch difference I between note A and note B is less than or equal to a predetermined value. The sound source 7 is instructed to change the pitch in this manner. Specifically, pitch bend information is output to the sound source 7 at predetermined time intervals so that the pitch of the note A is gradually changed from the pitch of the note A to the pitch of the note B with respect to the pronunciation based on the note A that is currently sounding. When the instructed pitch reaches the pitch of note B, the output of pitch bend information is stopped. Therefore, note-on information of note B is input at time t2, but note-on information is not output to sound source 7. In addition, note-off information of note A is input at time t3, but note-off information is not output to sound source 7. When note-off information of note B is input at time t4, note-off information of note A is output to sound source 7.

The glissando time, which is the time to gradually change the pitch, is T (unit: msec), the pitch difference between the pitch of note A and note B is I (unit: semitone), and the constants are A, B Then, the glissando time T is calculated by the following mathematical formula 1.
T = A × [B × (I−6) +1] (1)
The constant A is 500, for example, and the constant B is 0.1, for example. The pitch within this change time is calculated based on a sine function. This sine function uses a function from −π / 2 (−90 degrees) to + π / 2 (+90 degrees) when the pitch is gradually increased, and + π / when the pitch is gradually decreased. A function from 2 (+90 degrees) to + 3π / 2 (+270 degrees) is used.

The glissando time is T, the current time, which is the time since the start of pitch change, is t, the bend value for note B at time t when the pitch is gradually increased, PUp, and the pitch is gradually increased When the bend value with respect to the pitch of note A at time t in the case of lowering to PD is PDw, PUp and PDw are calculated by the following equations 2 and 3, respectively. The sine function is stored in the sine table 3b of the ROM 3, and the sine value is obtained by referring to the sine table 3b.
PUp = (I / 2) × {sin (((π × t) / T) −π / 2) +1} (2)
PDw = (I / 2) × {sin (((π × t) / T) + π / 2) −1} (3)
These values of PUp or PDw are calculated at predetermined time intervals and output to the sound source 7 as pitch bend information. Therefore, the sound source 7 generates a musical sound that smoothly and gradually changes the pitch according to a partial curve of the sine wave.

  As described above, in mode 1, when the pitch difference I between the note A and the note B is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, the pitch change simulating the pitch change caused by the expansion / contraction operation of the trombone slide is performed. It is.

  Next, the glissando performed in the mode 2 mode will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A shows an input note event in mode 2, where note-on information of note A is input at time t1, then note-on information of note B is input at time t2, and then time t3. Shows a case where note-off information of note A is inputted and note-off information of note B is inputted at time t4. The pitch of note B is higher than the pitch of note A, and the pitch difference I between note A and note B is greater than a predetermined value (for example, six semitones). Further, as in FIG. 2, note-on information of note B is input at time t2 before time t3 when note-off information of note A is input, so note A and note B are played legato. It is judged that

  FIG. 3B shows an output note event output to the sound source 7 in response to the input note event shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3B, first, the note-on information is output to the sound source 7 at time t1 when the note-on information of the note A is input.

  Next, at time t2 when the note-on information of note B is input, it is determined that a legato performance has been performed, and the pitch difference I between note A and note B is greater than a predetermined value. The sound source 7 is instructed to perform glissando in a manner. Specifically, note-off information that instructs to stop the sound generation for the musical sound based on note A that is currently sounding is output, and the note-on that instructs to start generation of the musical sound based on note B Output information. At this time, a pitch lower than the pitch of the note B by a predetermined change width ΔP is designated, and thereafter, pitch bend information is output to the sound source 7 at predetermined time intervals so as to gradually change to the pitch of the note B. . When the instructed pitch reaches the pitch of note B, the output of pitch bend information is stopped. At time t4 when note-off information of note B is input, note-off information of note B is output to sound source 7.

  FIG. 3C shows an input event as in FIG. 3A, and note-on information of note A is input at time t1, and then note-on information of note B is input at time t2. Next, note-off information of note A is input at time t3, and note-off information of note B is input at time t4. The pitch of note B is lower than the pitch of note A, and the pitch difference I between note A and note B is greater than a predetermined value (for example, six semitones).

  FIG. 3D shows an output note event output to the sound source 7 in response to the input note event shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3D, first, the note-on information is output to the sound source 7 at time t1 when the note-on information of the note A is input.

  Next, at time t2 when the note-on information of note B is input, it is determined that a legato performance has been performed, and the pitch difference I between note A and note B is greater than a predetermined value. The sound source 7 is instructed to perform glissando in a manner. Specifically, pitch bend information is output to the sound source 7 at predetermined time intervals so as to gradually decrease from the pitch of the note A with respect to the pronunciation based on the note A that is currently sounding, and the indicated pitch When the pitch reaches a pitch lower than the pitch of note A by a predetermined change width ΔP, the output of pitch bend information is stopped and a note instructing to start generating a new musical tone at the pitch of note B Output on information. At time t4 when note-off information of note B is input, note-off information of note B is output to sound source 7.

In mode 2, the glissando time T, which is the time for gradually changing the pitch, is set to a predetermined value (for example, 300 msec), and the change width ΔP is also set to a predetermined value (for example, 2 semitones). . The glissando time is T, the current time indicating the time since the start of the pitch change is t, the bend value for the note B pitch at time t when the pitch is gradually increased is PUp, and the pitch is gradually increased. When the bend value with respect to the pitch of note A at time t in the case of lowering to PD is PDw, PUp and PDw are calculated by the following equations 4 and 5, respectively.
PUp = (ΔP / T) × t−ΔP (4)
PDw = − (ΔP / T) × t (5)
As described above, in the mode 2, when the pitch difference I between the note A and the note B is larger than a predetermined value, the pitch change due to the movement of the harmonic sequence in the performance of the trombone and the expansion / contraction operation of the slide is performed. The simulated pitch change is performed.

  Next, the configuration of the temporary memory 4a of the RAM 4 and information stored will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a table showing the configuration of the temporary memory 4a and stored information. As shown in this table, in the temporary memory 4a, a note A memory 4a1 storing information related to the note A, a note B memory 4a2 storing information related to the note B, and a mode flag memory storing a mode flag. 4a3, a glissando time memory 4a4 in which the glissando time T is stored, and a pitch difference memory 4a5 in which the pitch difference I is stored.

  Information stored in the note A memory 4a1 and the note B memory 4a2 includes a status (S1, S2), a pitch (N1, N2), and a velocity (V1, V2). The statuses S1 and S2 are data indicating that note-on is input when note-on information is input (hereinafter referred to as “on”), and note-off is output when the note-off information is output to the sound source 7. It is rewritten to data indicating that information has been output (hereinafter referred to as “off”). The pitches N1 and N2 are pitches indicated by note numbers included in the inputted note-on information, and the velocities V1 and V2 are values of velocities included in the inputted note-on information.

  When new note-on information is input, the status S2, pitch N2, and velocity V2 stored in the note B memory 4a2 are transferred to the respective storage positions of the note A memory 4a1, and stored in the note B memory 4a2. Based on the new note-on information, each piece of information is stored in the position.

  The mode flag stored in the mode flag memory 4a3 is set to 0 when glissando is not performed, is set to 1 when glissando is performed in the mode 1 mode, and is set to 2 when glissando is performed in the mode 2 mode. The If the CPU 2 determines that it is not a legato performance and decides not to perform glissando, this mode flag is set to 0. If it is decided to perform glissando in the mode 1 mode, the timer interrupt is permitted and this mode is set. If the flag is set to 1 and it is determined that glissando is performed in the mode 2 mode, the timer interrupt is permitted and the mode flag is set to 2.

  The glissando time T stored in the glissando time memory 4a4 is set to the value calculated by Equation 1 when set to mode 1 as described above, and set to a predetermined time when set to mode 2. Is done.

  The pitch difference I stored in the pitch difference memory 4a5 is determined to be glissando, and when determining whether the mode is 1 or 2, the pitch of the note A and the pitch of the note B are determined. Is calculated and stored in the pitch difference memory 4a5.

  Next, processing executed by the CPU 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the event main process, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a process in which the timer 2a is started in response to a timer interrupt generated every predetermined time when a timer interrupt is set in the event main process. It is a flowchart which shows the timer interruption process.

  First, with reference to FIG. 5, an event main process started when note-on information or note-off information is input will be described. Note that when the electronic musical instrument 1 is powered on, the CPU 2 prohibits timer interruption.

  In this event main process, first, it is determined whether or not the type of the input event is note-on information (S1). When the input event type is note-on information (S1: Yes), it is next determined whether or not the mode flag is set to 0 (S2). If the mode flag is set to 0 (S2: Yes), the status S2, pitch N2, and velocity V2 stored as note B in the note B memory 4a2 are transferred to the note A memory 4a1 (S3), The status, pitch, and velocity of the newly input note-on information are stored in the note B memory 4a2 (S4).

  Next, it is determined whether or not the note-on information input this time is a legato performance (S5). Whether or not the legato performance is performed is determined by whether the status S1 of the note A memory 4a1 is on or off. If the status S1 of the note A is on, the note-off information corresponding to the note A is still stored. Since it is not input, it is determined that the performance is legato, and if the status S1 is rewritten to OFF, the note-off information corresponding to the note A is already input and the note-off information is output to the sound source 7. It is judged that it is not legato performance.

  If it is determined in S5 that the legato performance has been performed (S5: Yes), a variable t indicating the current time is set to 0 (S6). When the legato performance is performed, the glissando is started in the mode 1 or mode 2. Therefore, t indicating the time from the start of the glissando is reset to zero.

  Next, a pitch difference I between the pitch of the note A and the pitch of the note B is calculated (S7), and the calculated pitch difference I is stored in the pitch difference memory 4a5. Next, it is determined whether the pitch difference I is equal to or smaller than a predetermined pitch range ΔP (for example, 6 semitones) (S8). When the pitch difference I is equal to or smaller than the predetermined pitch width ΔP (S8: Yes), the glissando time T in mode 1 is calculated (S9). The calculation of the glissando time T is performed using Equation 1 above, and the calculated glissando time T is stored in the glissando time memory 4a4. Next, the mode flag stored in the mode flag memory 4a3 is set to 1, the interrupt by the timer 2a is permitted, and the timing by the timer 2a is started (S10).

  On the other hand, if the pitch difference I is not less than or equal to the predetermined pitch range ΔP in the determination process of S8, that is, if the pitch difference I is greater than the predetermined pitch range ΔP (S8: No), the glissando in mode 2 The time T is stored in the glissando time memory 4a4 as a predetermined time (for example, 300 msec) (S11). Next, it is determined whether or not the pitch of note A is lower than the pitch of note B (S12). If the pitch of note B is lower than the pitch of note B (S12: Yes), note A The status S1 stored in the memory is rewritten to OFF, and note-off information composed of the rewritten status S1, the pitch N1, and the velocity V1 is output to the sound source 7 (S13). By this processing, the musical sound based on the note A that has been pronounced until then is stopped. When the process of S13 is completed, or when the pitch of note A is determined not to be lower than the pitch of note B in the determination process of S12 (S12: No), it is stored in the mode flag memory 4a3. The mode flag is set to 2 and the interrupt by the timer 2a is permitted (S14). By this process, the glissando is started in the mode 2 mode by the timer interruption. In the determination process of S2, if the mode flag is not set to 0 (S2: No), the process of S10 is completed, or the process of S14 is terminated, the event main process is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined in the determination process of S5 that it is not a legato performance (S7: No), the note-on information of the input note B is output to the sound source 7 (S15), and this event main process ends. .

  As described above, as described in the case where the input event is note-on information, it is determined whether or not a legato performance is performed based on the newly input note-on information. A pitch difference I with the pitch of A is calculated. When the pitch difference I is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, mode 1 is used. When the pitch difference I is larger than a predetermined value, mode 2 is calculated. Is set to start glissando.

  Next, a case where the input event is note-off information will be described. In the determination process of S1, when it is determined that the input event is not note-on information, that is, note-off information (S1: No), the note-off information is note-off information corresponding to note A. It is determined whether or not there is (S21). This determination is made by determining whether or not the pitch of the input note-off information matches the pitch N1 stored in the note A memory 4a1. If it does not match, it is determined that it is not the note-off information corresponding to note A but the note-off information corresponding to note B. When it is determined that the input note-off information is the note-off information corresponding to the note A (S21: Yes), the mode flag stored in the mode flag memory 4a3 is 0 indicating a mode in which glissando is not performed. It is determined whether or not (S22). When the set mode is 0 (S22: Yes), the status S1 of the note A memory 4a1 is rewritten to OFF and the note off information of the note A is output to the sound source 7 (S23). When the set mode is not 0 (S22: No), or when the process of S23 is terminated, the event main process is terminated.

  When it is determined in the determination process of S21 that the input note-off information is not the note-off information corresponding to the note A (S21: No), the input note-off information corresponds to the note B. Next, it is determined whether or not the note A is sounding (S24). This determination is made based on the status S1 stored in the note A memory 4a1, and if the status S1 is ON, it is determined that the sound is being generated, and if it is OFF, it is determined that the sound is not being generated. If the note A is sounding (S24: Yes), the note off information of the note A and the pitch bend information with a bend value of 0 are output to the sound source 7, and the status S1 of the note A memory 4a1 is rewritten off. (S25). Although the note-off information of note B is input, the note-off information of note A is output to sound source 7 in the mode 1 mode, the pitch of the musical sound generated based on note A is changed. Because it is. Also, pitch bend information with a bend value of 0 is output to the sound source 7 in the mode 1 mode, the pitch difference of the note A is changed to the bend value so that the pitch of the note A is changed to the pitch of the note B. This is because the tone value of the musical tone to be generated next based on the note-on information is generated at the correct pitch by setting the bend value to 0.

  In the determination process of S24, when it is determined that the note A is not sounding (S24: No), or when the process of S25 is finished, it is determined whether or not the mode flag is set to 2 next. (S26). If the mode flag is set to 2 (S26: Yes), it is determined whether or not note B is sounding (S27). This determination is made based on the status S2 stored in the note B memory A4a2. If the status S2 is ON, it is determined that sound is being generated, and if it is OFF, it is determined that sound is not being generated. If the note B is sounding (S27: Yes), the note-off information of the note B is output to the sound source 7 (S28). When the mode flag is not set to 2 in the determination process of S26 (S26: No), or when note B is not sounding in the determination process of S27 (S27: No), or when the process of S28 is terminated Sets the mode flag to 0 (S29), and ends this event main process.

  Next, the timer interrupt process will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the timer interrupt process. This timer interrupt process is an interrupt process that is started every time the timer 2a times a predetermined time. In the mode 1 or mode 2, the glissando It is a process to perform. In this timer interrupt process, the current time t is counted.

  In this timer interrupt process, it is first determined whether or not the set mode is 1 (S31). If the mode is 1 (S31: Yes), it is next determined whether or not the current time t is within the glissando time T (S32). The glissando time T is stored in the glissando time memory 4a4 as described above. If the current time t is within the glissando time T (S32: Yes), it means that the pitch of the note B has not yet been reached, and the pitch N1 of the note A is higher than the pitch N2 of the note B. It is determined whether it is low (S33).

  When the pitch N1 of the note A is lower than the pitch N2 of the note B (S33: Yes), the sound stored in the current time t, the glissando time T stored in the glissando time memory 4a4, and the pitch difference memory 4a5 The bend value PUp is calculated by substituting the height difference I into Equation 2 (S34). Next, pitch bend information having the calculated value PUp as a bend value is output to the sound source 7 (S35).

  On the other hand, when the pitch N1 of the note A is not lower than the pitch N2 of the note B (S33: No), the current time t and the glissando time T stored in the glissando time memory 4a4 and the pitch difference memory 4a5 are stored. The bend value PDw is calculated by substituting the pitch difference I into Equation 3 (S36). Next, pitch bend information having the calculated value PDw as a bend value is output to the sound source 7 (S37). When the process of S35 or S37 is finished, the current time t is advanced by 1 (S38), and this timer interrupt process is finished.

  In the determination process of S32, if the current time t is not within the glissando time T (S32: No), it means that the glissando has been terminated, the timer interrupt is prohibited (S39), and this timer interrupt process is terminated. To do. As described above, when the mode 1 is designated, the bend value for the pitch of the note A is calculated at a predetermined time interval, and the bend value is output to the sound source 7 as pitch bend information. The sound source 7 changes the pitch of the musical sound formed based on the note A according to the bend value indicated by the pitch bend information. This makes it possible to simulate a glissando by operating the trombone slide to extend and contract.

  On the other hand, when the set mode is not 1 in the determination process of S31 (S31: No), the mode is 2, and the pitch N1 of note A is lower than the pitch N2 of note B. Whether or not (S41). When the pitch N1 of the note A is lower than the pitch N2 of the note B (S41: Yes), it is determined whether or not the current time t is within the glissando time T (S42), and the current time t is the glissando time T. If it is within (S42: Yes), it means that the pitch of the note B has not yet been reached, and the current time t, the glissando time T stored in the glissando time memory 4a4, and the pitch difference memory. The pitch difference I stored in 4a5 is substituted into Equation 4 to calculate the bend value PUp (S43). Next, pitch bend information having the calculated value PUp as a bend value is output to the sound source 7 (S44). Next, it is determined whether or not the current time t is 0 (S45). If the current time t is 0 (S45: Yes), the note-on information of the note B is output to the sound source 7 (S46). The status S1 stored in the A memory 4a1 is rewritten to OFF, and note-off information of the note A is formed and output to the sound source 7 (S47). When the processing of S47 is completed, or when the current time t is not 0 in the determination processing of S45 (S45: No), the processing of S45 and S46 is skipped and the current time t is advanced by 1 (S38). The timer interrupt process ends.

  If it is determined in S42 that the current time t is not within the glissando time T (S42: No), this means that the glissando has been terminated and the timer interrupt is prohibited (S39), and this timer interrupt process is terminated. To do.

  On the other hand, when the pitch N1 of the note A is not lower than the pitch N2 of the note B in the determination process of S41 (S41: No), it is determined whether or not the current time t is within the glissando time T (S51). ), When the current time t is within the glissando time T (S51: Yes), it means that the pitch is still being lowered and the predetermined pitch range ΔP has not been reached. The bend value PDw is calculated by substituting the time t and the glissando time T stored in the glissando time memory 4a4 and the pitch difference I stored in the pitch difference memory 4a5 into Equation 5 (S52). Next, pitch bend information having the calculated value PDw as a bend value is output to the sound source 7 (S53). When the process of S53 is finished, the current time t is advanced by 1 (S38), and this timer interrupt process is finished.

  If the current time t is not within the glissando time T (S51: No), it means that the pitch has reached the predetermined pitch range ΔP, and the status S1 stored in the note A memory 4a1 is rewritten to OFF. The note-off information of note A is formed, and the note-off information is output to the sound source 7 (S55). Next, pitch bend information with a bend value of 0 is output to the sound source 7 (S56), and note-on information of note B is output to the sound source 7 (S57). By this process, the sound source 7 gradually decreases the pitch of the note A, and when it falls by a predetermined pitch width ΔP, the tone generator 7 stops generating the note A tone and starts generating the note B tone. Next, the timer interrupt is prohibited (S58), and this timer interrupt process is terminated.

  As described above, when the glissando is performed in the mode 2 mode and the pitch of the note B is higher than the note A, the generation of the tone corresponding to the note B is instructed, and the tone of the tone based on the note B is The pitch is controlled so as to gradually change from the pitch lower than the pitch of note B by a predetermined pitch range ΔP to the pitch of note B. When the pitch of note B is lower than that of note A, the pitch of the musical tone based on note A is gradually lowered to a pitch that is lower than the pitch of note A by a predetermined pitch range ΔP. In addition, the generation of the musical tone based on the note B is controlled. Therefore, a glissando that simulates the pitch change by moving the overtone string and expanding / contracting the slide in the performance of the trombone is performed.

  As described above with respect to the first embodiment, when the pitch difference I between the pitch of the note A and the pitch of the next input note B is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the mode 1 mode TRON When a glissando that simulates a pitch change caused by expanding and contracting a bone slide is performed, and the pitch difference I between the pitch of the note A and the pitch of the next input note B is not less than a predetermined value In the mode 2 mode, the glissando that simulates the pitch change caused by the movement of the harmonic string and the expansion / contraction operation of the slide in the performance of the trombone is performed.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As described above, in the trombone, the pitch is specified by the movement of the harmonic string and the expansion / contraction operation of the slide. Therefore, when a performance is performed with a single harmonic sequence, the pitch is specified by expanding and contracting the slide, and this pitch is a plurality of continuous pitches. In the second embodiment, a plurality of pitch ranges are specified as pitches in the entire range that can be generated by the electronic musical instrument, and the pitches of note A and note B are included in the same pitch range. In this case, glissando is performed in mode 1, and if the pitch of note A and the pitch of note B are not included in the same range, glissando is performed in mode 2. In the second embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only different parts will be described. In the second embodiment, the difference is that a sound range table for specifying a plurality of sound ranges is stored in the ROM 3, and only the processes of S10 and S11 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 are different. . The sound range table stored in the ROM 3 is shown in FIG. 7, and the flowchart in place of FIG. 5 is shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the range table shows a predetermined range of the entire pitch range (E1 to D5) corresponding to the range number (R1 to R10). The pitch is composed of an alphabet indicating a pitch name and a number indicating an octave. For example, the pitch “E1” corresponds to the pitch name E in the first octave (English pitch names A, B, C... Correspond to Japanese a, b, c,. “E” corresponds to “e” in Japanese). For example, the first range R1 indicates a range of a plurality of continuous pitches (E1, E # 1, F, G... A, B ♭ 1) from E1 to B ♭ 1. .

  Next, the event main process in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing event main processing in the second embodiment.

  In this process, if the input note event is note-on information (S1: Yes), the status S2, pitch N2, and velocity V2 stored as note B in the note B memory 4a2 are stored in the note A memory 4a1. Transferring (S3), the status, pitch and velocity of the newly input note-on information are stored in the note B memory 4a2 (S4). Next, it is determined whether or not the input of the current note-on information is a legato performance (S5). If it is determined in S5 that the legato performance is made, the current time t is set to 0 (S6). The processing so far is the same as in the first embodiment.

  Next, it is detected whether the pitch N1 stored in the note A memory 4a1 and the pitch N2 stored in the note B memory 4a2 are included in each of a plurality of ranges specified by the range table, The range number is acquired (S61). Next, it is determined whether or not the range number of the range including the pitch N1 and the range number of the range including the pitch N2 are the same (S62), and if the same range number (S62: Yes) The glissando time T is set so as to perform glissando in mode 1 (S9), the mode flag stored in the mode flag memory 4a3 is set to 1, and the timer interrupt is permitted (S10).

  On the other hand, in the determination process of S62, when it is determined that the range number of the range including the pitch N1 is not the same as the range number of the range including the pitch N2 (S62: No), the mode 2 The glissando time T is set so that glissando is performed in a manner (S11), it is determined whether the pitch of note A is lower than the pitch of note B (S12), and the pitch of note B is the pitch of note B If it is lower (S12: Yes), the status S1 stored in the note A memory is rewritten to a status indicating note off, and the note off information composed of the rewritten status S1, the pitch N1, and the velocity V1. Is output to the sound source 7 (S13).

  When the process of S13 is completed, or when the pitch of note A is determined not to be lower than the pitch of note B in the determination process of S12 (S12: No), it is stored in the mode flag memory 4a3. The mode flag is set to 2 and the interrupt by the timer 2a is permitted (S14). Other processes are the same as those in FIG.

  As described above based on the second embodiment, when a plurality of pitch ranges are specified and the pitch of note A and the pitch of note B are included in the same pitch range, glissando is used in the mode 1 mode. If the pitch of note A and note B is not included in the same pitch range, glissando is performed in the mode 2 mode. , And the change in pitch due to the movement of the harmonic sequence and the expansion / contraction operation of the slide can be simulated.

  The pitch difference judging means described in each claim corresponds to the process of S8 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 5, and the first instruction means corresponds to the process of S10 in the flowchart shown in FIG. The second instruction means corresponds to the processing of S14 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 5, the sound range specifying means corresponds to the sound range table described based on FIG. 7, and the sound range determination means corresponds to the flow chart shown in FIG. The process of S62 corresponds to this, and the legato performance determination means corresponds to the process of S5 in the flowchart shown in FIG.

  As described above, the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and modifications can be easily made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It can be guessed.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the electronic musical instrument 1 has the sound source 7 built therein, but may be connected to an external sound source via an interface such as MIDI.

  In the above embodiment, it is not described that the tone color of the tone generated by the sound source 7 is selected, but an operation element for arbitrarily selecting a tone color is provided, and the tone color selected by the operation element is a trombone. In this case, the present invention may be applied.

  Further, in the above embodiment, it is determined whether or not the legato performance has been performed, and when it is determined that the legato performance has been performed, the glissando is performed, but a switch operated by the performer is provided. If two note-ons are input while the switch is being operated, glissando may be performed regardless of whether or not legato performance has been performed. Further, the glissando may be performed when the performer is set to perform the glissando by the switch and the legato performance is performed.

  In the above embodiment, the input note event is generated by playing the keyboard. However, it may be a note event formed by playing other instruments such as a guitar synthesizer.

  Further, in the above embodiment, when performing the glissando in the mode 2 mode, if the pitch of the note A is lower than the pitch of the note B, the pitch is lower than the pitch of the note B by a predetermined pitch range ΔP. When the pitch of note A is higher than the pitch of note B, the pitch of note A is changed from the pitch of note A to the glissando time T. In the meantime, the pitch is gradually lowered and controlled so as to reach a pitch lower than the pitch of the note A by a predetermined pitch range ΔP, and when the pitch is reached, the musical tone of the note B is generated. However, the pitch width of the former ΔP and the pitch width of the latter ΔP may be set to different values. The former glissando time T and the latter glissando time T may be different times.

It is a block diagram which shows the electric constitution of the electronic musical instrument in embodiment by this invention. 6 is a graph schematically showing an input event and an output event when glissando is performed in the mode 1 mode. It is a graph which shows typically an input event and an output event in case a glissando is performed in the mode 2 mode. It is a table which shows the information which a temporary memory memorize | stores. It is a flowchart which shows an event main process. It is a flowchart which shows a timer interruption process. It is a table which shows the several sound range in 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the event main process in 2nd Embodiment.

1 Electronic musical instrument 2 CPU
2a Timer 3 ROM
4 RAM
4a Temporary memory 7 Sound source

Claims (2)

In an input unit for inputting note-on information for instructing the start of generation of a musical tone having a predetermined pitch, and an electronic musical instrument for instructing a sound source generating a musical tone according to the note-on information input by the input unit ,
A range specifying means for specifying a plurality of ranges composed of a plurality of continuous pitches;
When the first note-on information is input by the input means, and the second note-on information is input after the first note-on information, the first pitch indicated by the first note-on information is Sound range determination means for determining whether or not the second pitch indicated by the second note-on information is included in the same sound range of the plurality of sound ranges specified by the sound range specifying means;
If it is determined by the pitch determining means that the first pitch and the second pitch are included in the same pitch, the pitch of the musical tone based on the first pitch is gradually increased to the second pitch. First instruction means for instructing the sound source to change to high;
If the pitch determining means determines that the first pitch and the second pitch are not included in the same pitch range, the pitch of either the first pitch or the second pitch is determined. Second instruction means for instructing the sound source to gradually change the pitch of a musical tone based on a high pitch,
The second instruction means includes
(1) When the second pitch is higher than the first pitch, when the second note-on information is input, the second pitch is instructed to start generating a musical tone based on the second pitch. The pitch of the musical sound generated based on the instruction is instructed to gradually change from the second pitch to a second pitch that is lower by a predetermined pitch range,
(2) When the second pitch is lower than the first pitch, the pitch of the musical tone based on the first pitch is gradually lowered from the time when the second note-on information is input, and the pitch An electronic musical instrument characterized by instructing to start the generation of a musical tone based on the second pitch when the first pitch is lowered from the first pitch by a predetermined pitch range. First pitch change time setting means for setting a pitch change time according to whether or not the first pitch and the second pitch are included in the same pitch range by the pitch determination means; Prepared,
The first instruction means gradually changes the pitch of the musical sound based on the first pitch to the second pitch over the change time set by the first pitch change time setting means. To instruct the sound source to
The second instruction means includes
(1) When the second pitch is higher than the first pitch, when the second note-on information is input, the second pitch is instructed to start generating a musical tone based on the second pitch. The pitch of the musical tone generated based on the instruction is set by the first pitch change time setting means from the second pitch to the second pitch by a predetermined pitch range. Instructing it to change gradually over time,
(2) When the second pitch is lower than the first pitch, the pitch of the musical tone based on the first pitch from the time when the second note-on information is input is changed to the first pitch change. When the pitch is gradually lowered over the change time set by the time setting means and the pitch is lowered from the first pitch by a predetermined pitch range, generation of a musical tone based on the second pitch is started. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the electronic musical instrument is instructed to do so.

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