JP5155108B2 - Pressure forming device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressure molding apparatus that press-molds a sheet-like molded product by a dry method in which a pressurized medium does not contact the molded product.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a pressure molding apparatus that includes a flat member and a pressurizing unit that sandwiches a press-molded product vertically with a protective member between the flat member.
In the pressure molding by the pressure molding apparatus, for example, first, a material to be pressed is placed on the surface of the flat member, and the product is covered with a protective member. Clamp things. Next, the press-molded product is pressed against the planar member by the pressing means. Since the flat member is restricted so as not to move during pressure molding, the pressed product is firmly sandwiched and pressed between the flat member and the pressing unit by the pressing force of the pressing unit. By pressing for a certain time, a press-molded product obtained by solidifying the press-molded product is obtained.

Such a pressure molding apparatus is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-6323 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-85996 (Patent Document 2).
In Patent Document 1, a seal member that prevents a pressurized medium from coming into contact with a press-molded product is sandwiched by a pressure vessel including an intermediate plate and an end plate, and the shape is held by a support member. In order to absorb the expansion of the seal member due to pressurization and heating, a technique is disclosed in which an expansion allowance composed of a depression and a protrusion is provided on the pressure surface of the seal member. In addition, the protective rubber provided between the sealing member and the press-molded product is inserted into the pressure vessel as the lower piston rises.

Patent Document 2 discloses a pressure molding device in which a press-molded product is placed on a piston together with a lower plate and a mold rubber and inserted into an intermediate plate (pressure vessel main body). A seal rubber for preventing the pressurized medium from coming into contact with the pressurized molding and a protective rubber provided between the sealing rubber and the pressurized molding are mounted in the intermediate plate (pressure vessel body).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-6323 JP-A-10-85996

However, the techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have the following problems, respectively.
In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, pressurization is performed in a heated state, and the seal member is made of a rubber material. Therefore, the linear expansion coefficient is larger than that of a metal member such as a pressure vessel, and slack occurs during pressurization. There is a possibility that wrinkles will be generated and transferred to the pressed product. In addition, the protective rubber is also stretched by heating. If the outer diameter of the lower piston and the inner diameter of the pressure vessel are not appropriate, the protective rubber and the seal member may protrude or become caught. .

With regard to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, due to the structure, the seal rubber is inevitably pressed downward, and in addition to the elongation due to heating, the seal rubber swells downward greatly due to the weight of the pressurized fluid and the residual pressure. . In addition, since the lower plate on which the object to be pressed is placed is fitted into the middle plate (pressure vessel main body), if the outer diameter of the lower plate and the inner diameter of the pressure vessel are not appropriate diameter dimensions, There is a possibility that the mold rubber on the pressure-molded product or the above-mentioned seal rubber protrudes or bites and is damaged.
Thus, in an apparatus for pressure-molding a sheet-like molded product by a dry method in which a pressurized medium does not contact the molded product, there are rubber members such as protective rubber and mold rubber covering the molded product. Is inserted into the pressure vessel together with the object to be pressed, if the dimensions (diameter and depth) of the pressure vessel are inappropriate, there is a disadvantage that the pressure vessel protrudes or bites from the insertion opening of the pressure vessel. Existed.

  Therefore, in view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a pressure molding apparatus that can prevent damage due to protrusion or biting of a rubber member or a seal member that covers a molded product, and can realize reliable dry isotropic pressure treatment. The purpose is to do.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention takes the following technical means.
The pressure molding apparatus according to the present invention includes an upper pressurizing table that pressurizes a pressed object to be pressed from above, and a lower pressurizing table that opposes the upper pressurizing table and pressurizes the pressed object from below. A pressure forming apparatus comprising: a molding elastic member for supporting the molded object to be pressurized and an outer frame elastic member surrounding the molded object to be pressed from below; An elastic member for pressurization that is provided below the elastic member and applies pressure to the elastic member for molding from below at the time of pressure molding, and the outer frame elastic member is inserted into the upper pressurization base In addition, there is provided a molding pressure vessel configured to be shallow by being pushed up by the lower pressure table, and the thickness T2 of the outer frame elastic member and the depth of the molding pressure vessel before pressure molding are provided. T3 is set to satisfy the relationship of T2 <T3. The features.

According to this pressure molding apparatus, the molding pressure vessel provided on the upper pressure table is configured to change its depth, and before processing, the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel is set to the outer frame. Although it is larger than the initial thickness T2 of the elastic member, the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel is reduced in accordance with pressurization (preload), and the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel is approximately equal to the thickness of the pressed molding before processing. Become.
For this reason, before the processing, the outer frame elastic member surely enters the molding pressure vessel, and the inconvenience of protruding can be surely avoided.
In addition, during pressurization, the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel changes at the time of preload according to the deformation of the outer frame elastic member. It can be filled with the elastic member, and a lateral pressure can be applied to the periphery of the pressed article by the deformation of the outer frame elastic member. By changing the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel, it is not necessary to install an extension allowance (concave portion or recessed portion) as in the conventional case on the outer frame elastic member.

Preferably, the molding pressure vessel is attached to the lower surface of the upper pressurizing table via an elastic body mechanism that generates a downward biasing force.
The lower pressure table may include a backup cylinder that pushes the lower pressure table upward.
If comprised in this way, a pre-press with respect to a to-be-pressurized molded object can be easily performed using a backup cylinder. In addition, since it is not necessary to expand the elastic member for pressurization in the preloading process, the amount of rubber deformation of the elastic member for pressurization can be reduced, and the risk of tearing can be reduced. Since the molding chamber is shallower than the conventional molding chamber, air easily escapes and there is no need to provide special deaeration holes.

In addition, a communication passage is provided that communicates the pressure chamber formed inside the pressurizing elastic member and the backup cylinder, and the pressure in the pressure chamber is higher than the pressure in the backup cylinder in the communication passage. It is preferable that a pressure adjusting means for preventing this is provided.
With this configuration, even if the pressure in the backup cylinder is reduced, the pressure in the pressurized rubber hydraulic chamber is also reduced at the same time, so that the pressurized rubber can be prevented from expanding without load. Further, even if the pressure in the pressurized rubber hydraulic chamber rises for some reason, the pressure in the backup cylinder also rises at the same time, so that the lower pressure table does not come off from the upper pressure table.

More preferably, the pressure in the pressure chamber of the elastic member for pressurization may be set to be equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure at the time of pressure reduction after pressure molding.
With this configuration, the pressure rubber can be brought into close contact with the pressure rubber support plate by reducing the pressure rubber hydraulic pressure chamber line to atmospheric pressure or lower during decompression.
The upper pressure table and the lower pressure table are supported by a press frame, and the upper pressure table is movably suspended by an upper pressure table guide extending outward of the press frame, It is preferable to configure such that it can be non-opposed to the lower pressure table.

  In this way, the upper pressure table can be removed from the upper position of the lower pressure table during maintenance, and the narrowness of the opening between the lower pressure table and the lower pressure table is eliminated, making work easier. It can be secured.

  According to the pressure molding apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to prevent damage due to sandwiching of a rubber member or a seal member that covers a molded product, and a reliable pressure molding process can be performed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an outline of a pressure molding apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view showing an outline of the pressure molding apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
The pressure molding apparatus 100 has a gate-shaped press frame 15 that is open inside, and a backup cylinder 12 is provided below the press frame 15. On the backup cylinder 12, a lower pressurizing table 10 is placed via a spacer 11 (spacer member). As the backup cylinder 12 extends, the lower pressurizing table 10 moves upward.

A pressure rubber 3 (pressurizing elastic member) is provided on the lower pressurizing table 10, and a molding rubber 5 (molding elastic member) on which the press-molded product 1 is placed is disposed thereon. ing. The pressure rubber 3 and the molding rubber 5 are attached to the lower pressure table 10 by a pressure rubber presser 6.
Inside the spacer 11, a space formed in the pressure rubber 3, that is, a fluid pressure chamber 31 of the pressure rubber 3 and the backup cylinder 12 are connected by a communication path 30. In the middle, pressure adjusting means (check valve 18) for preventing the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 31 from becoming higher than the pressure in the backup cylinder 12 is provided. The check valve 18 has a function of allowing the pressure medium to freely flow to the backup cylinder 12 side.

  An upper pressurizing table 14 is provided above the lower pressurizing table 10 at an opposing position, and the upper pressurizing table 14 is attached to the upper side of the press frame 15. A molding pressure vessel 8 having a ring shape in plan view is attached to the lower surface of the upper pressurizing table 14, and an upper bottom of the molding pressure vessel 8 (that is, the lower surface of the upper pressurizing table 14) A pressure plate 7 is provided that fits in the inner peripheral wall without any gap. The pressurizing plate 7 is also made of rubber, and the pressurizing plate 7 and the molding pressure vessel 8 form a molding pressurizing chamber 32. The pressure plate 7 may be formed of a mold (metal) and is not limited to rubber.

The molding pressure vessel 8 is configured such that the depth of the molding pressure chamber 32 is reduced by being pushed up by the lower pressurizing table 10. Specifically, the molding pressure vessel 8 is suspended by a spring mechanism 9 (elastic member mechanism) provided on the lower surface of the upper pressurizing table 14. The spring mechanism 9 generates a force that biases the molding pressure vessel 8 downward.
A lower heater 16 is incorporated in the lower pressurizing table 10, and an upper heater 17 is incorporated in the upper pressurizing table 14. The upper heater 17 and the lower heater 16 can be independently controlled to a predetermined temperature, and the pressurized molding 1 can be uniformly heated to the predetermined temperature as a whole.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the pressure molding apparatus 100 suspends the upper pressure table 14 from the upper pressure table guide 200 so that the upper pressure table 14 can be taken out of the press frame 15. Yes. The upper pressurizing table guide 200 extends substantially horizontally from the upper side to the outer side of the press frame 15, and the upper pressurizing table 14 is slidable with respect to the upper pressurizing table guide 200.
In this way, the upper pressurization table 14 can be made not to face the lower pressurization table 10, and the upper pressurization table 14 can be removed from the upper position of the lower pressurization table 10. The upper portions of the molding rubber 5 and the pressure rubber presser 6 can be opened. Therefore, at the time of maintenance, the narrowness of the opening between the upper pressurizing table 14 and the lower pressurizing table 10 can be eliminated, and workability can be ensured.

Similarly, inspection of the pressure plate 7 and the molding pressure vessel 8 attached to the upper pressure table 14 taken out from the press frame 15 is facilitated.
The pressure molding apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes an initial thickness T2 of the outer frame rubber sheet and a depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel 8 (that is, the pressure inserted into the molding pressure vessel 8 before pressure molding). The depth of the plate 7) satisfies the relationship of T2 <T3.
This will be described in detail below.
FIG. 3 shows a partially enlarged view of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 (outer frame elastic member) surrounding the pressed object 1, the pressure plate 7, and the molding pressure vessel 8.

As shown in FIG. 3, the press-molded product 1 is a rectangular or circular sheet, and its thickness is T1. The press-molded product 1 is accommodated in the outer frame rubber sheet 2 (thickness T2), and the outer periphery of the press-molded product 1 is slightly smaller than the outer frame rubber sheet 2 to the extent that there is no hindrance to loading and unloading. ing. Since the outer frame rubber sheet 2 having a circular outer diameter also enters the inner diameter of the molding pressure vessel 8 (depth T3), the outer diameter of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the molding pressure vessel 8.
The depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel 8 is larger than the thickness T2 of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 so that the molded object 1 and the outer frame rubber sheet 2 can be pressurized after completely entering the molding pressure vessel 8. It has become. Therefore, the outer frame rubber sheet 2 does not completely enter the molding pressure vessel 8 and can be reliably prevented from being damaged by protruding from the opening side edge of the molding pressure vessel 8.

Since the molding pressure vessel 8 is supported by the spring mechanism 9, the depth of the molding pressure vessel 8 can be changed and optimized. In other words, the depth T3 of the molded pressure vessel is larger than the thickness T2 of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 before the processing, but the depth T3 of the molded pressure vessel is reduced according to pressurization (preload), and the depth T3 of the molded pressure vessel is reduced. Is substantially equal to the thickness T1 of the pressed molding before the pressing process. At this time, the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel 8 and the thickness T2 of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 are substantially equal to the thickness T1 of the pressed article 1.
At this time (that is, at the time of preloading), according to the deformation of the outer frame rubber sheet 2, the inside of the sealed molding pressure vessel 8 can be filled with the pressed molding 1 before processing and the outer frame rubber sheet 2. . Further, due to the deformation of the outer frame rubber sheet 2, a lateral pressure (force to press the pressed molding 1 from the side to the inside) can be applied around the pressed molding 1. In this way, the outer frame rubber sheet 2 disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the press-molded product 1 is compressed before the main pressurization, and the molded product 1 is supported and the displacement in the radial direction thereof is limited. It is possible to prevent positional deviation, cracking, and sagging of the pressure-formed product 1.

By changing the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel 8, there is no need to install a conventional recess (dent) in the outer frame rubber sheet 2. Further, since the preload is performed by the backup cylinder 12, the amount of deformation of the pressure rubber 3 is small and the shallow molding chamber is formed, so that it is not necessary to provide a special deaeration hole.
As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, the pressure molding apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment has all the hydraulic pipes (communication passages 30 and the like) for supplying pressure to the backup cylinder 12 and the like to be pressed. 1 on the lower side. Therefore, even if a liquid leak occurs, it can prevent that the to-be-pressurized molding 1 becomes dirty. Swelling due to the liquid weight of the pressure rubber 3 can also be prevented.

Processing operations (preload processing operation and pressure processing operation) of the pressure molding apparatus 100 after the unmolded article 1 to be processed before being loaded into the pressure molding apparatus 100 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a pre-pressurized state before pressurization in the pressure molding apparatus 100. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a pressure state in the pressure molding apparatus 100.
First, as a preload processing operation, before pressurization, the pressure medium (hydraulic pressure) from the low pressure pump 19 is guided only to the backup cylinder 12 (the directional switching valve of the hydraulic unit is not shown), and is lowered via the spacer 11. The pressurizing table 10 is raised until the upper surface of the pressurizing rubber presser 6 comes into contact with the lower surface of the molding pressure vessel 8.

  When the backup cylinder 12 is further raised until the thickness T2 of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 reaches the thickness T1 of the pressure-formed article 1 before processing, there is no gap between the inner and outer diameter portions of the outer frame rubber sheet 2. The inside of the molding pressure vessel 8 is filled with the pressed molding 1 and the outer frame rubber sheet 2 before processing, and the deformation of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 causes the side pressure corresponding to the Poisson's ratio to be increased before processing. It will be added to the outer periphery of the press-molded product 1. At this time, since the molding pressure vessel 8 rises against the elastic force of the spring mechanism 9, the depth T3 of the molding pressure vessel 8 depends on the thickness T2 of the outer frame rubber sheet 2 and the pressurized molding before processing. 1 and approximately equal to the thickness T1. Note that the elastic force of the spring mechanism 9 is applied downward to the molding pressure vessel 8 so that no gap is opened.

  Next, as a pressure treatment operation, the pressure intensifier 20 (high pressure pump) is operated to simultaneously introduce the pressure medium into the backup cylinder 12 and the pressure rubber 3, and the molding rubber 5 is inflated, so that the pressure before the treatment is increased. The pressure-molded product 1 and the outer frame rubber sheet 2 are pressurized. The molded object 1 is almost isotropically pressured by the above-mentioned pressure and the side pressure corresponding to the reaction force of the pressure plate 7 and the Poisson's ratio of the outer frame rubber sheet 2. . In addition, the fact that the inside of the molding pressure vessel 8 is filled with the pre-pressurized molded product 1 and the outer frame rubber sheet 2 at the time of preloading has a great influence on the application of isotropic pressure.

Further, since there is little deformation of the pressure rubber 3 due to pressurization, the pressure rubber 3 does not need to be loosened due to the elongation allowance. Although the inner diameter of the backup cylinder 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the pressure rubber 3, the pressure applied from the backup cylinder 12 is transferred from the molding pressure vessel 8 to the upper pressure table 14 via the pressure rubber presser 6. Certainly communicated. For this reason, a gap is not opened.
Further, as is apparent from the fact that the lower pressurizing table 10 is raised and the outer frame rubber sheet 2 is inserted into the molding pressure vessel 8, the metal parts are not detached from each other during the preloading / pressurizing process. Therefore, it is a pressure forming apparatus capable of preventing seizure due to metal contact.

In the decompression processing operation after the isotropic pressure pressurizing process is performed on the molded object 1, the pressure on the pressure rubber 3 side is first released, and then the pressure on the backup cylinder 12 side is released. If the pressure on the backup cylinder 12 side is released first by mistake, the check valve 18 of the communication passage 30 provided in the spacer 11 functions and the pressure on the pressure rubber 3 side And the pressure on the backup cylinder 12 side are made the same to prevent the molding pressure vessel 8 from being opened while the pressure is applied.
By the way, it is conceivable to provide the check valve 18, that is, the pressure adjusting means outside the pressure molding apparatus 10, but in that case, an operation delay may occur due to piping resistance or the like to the check valve 18 located outside. Or differential pressure may occur. The check valve 18 of the present embodiment can avoid such a problem and prevent the pressurized rubber 3 from over-expanding with no load.

Further, by providing the spacer 11, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat of the lower pressurizing table 10 to be heated to be transmitted to the backup cylinder 12.
If there is residual pressure in the hydraulic chamber 31 after the decompression process, the pressurized rubber 3 is in an over-expanded state, so that the pressure booster 20 is operated to make the hydraulic chamber 31 slightly negative (below atmospheric pressure) The pressure rubber 3 may be brought into close contact with the pressure rubber support plate 4. The means for generating the negative pressure is not limited to the pressure booster 20 but may be an ejector.
As described above, by performing pre-pressure treatment → pressurization treatment → depressurization treatment, the dry isotropic pressure pressurization treatment of the molded object 1 can be appropriately performed.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

It is a side view which shows the outline of a pressure molding apparatus. It is a front view which shows the outline of a pressure molding apparatus. It is an expanded sectional view of the vicinity of a forming pressure vessel. It is a side view which shows the preload process state of a pressure molding apparatus. It is a side view which shows the pressurization process state of a press-molding apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Molded object 2 Outer frame rubber sheet 3 Pressurized rubber 4 Pressurized rubber support plate 5 Molded rubber 6 Pressurized rubber presser 7 Pressurizing plate 8 Molding pressure vessel 9 Spring mechanism 10 Lower pressurizing base 11 Spacer 12 Backup Cylinder 13 Ram 14 Upper pressure table 15 Press frame 16 Lower heater 17 Upper heater 18 Check valve 19 Low pressure pump 20 Pressure booster 30 Communication path 31 Pressure rubber hydraulic chamber 32 Molding pressure chamber 100 Pressure molding device 200 Top Pressurization table guide T1 Pressurized molding thickness T2 Outer frame rubber sheet thickness T3 Initial depth of molding pressure vessel

Claims (6)

A pressure molding apparatus comprising: an upper pressure table that pressurizes the object to be pressed from above; a lower pressure table that opposes the upper pressure table and pressurizes the object to be pressed from below;
The lower pressurizing table is provided with an elastic member for molding that supports the pressed molding and the outer frame elastic member that surrounds the pressed molding from below, and is arranged under the pressing elastic member and pressurizes. An elastic member for pressurization that applies pressure from below to the elastic member for molding at the time of molding,
The upper pressure table is provided with a molding pressure vessel configured to be shallow by inserting the outer frame elastic member and being pushed up by the lower pressure table.
A pressure molding apparatus, wherein a thickness T2 of the outer frame elastic member and a depth T3 of the molding pressure container before the pressure molding are set so as to satisfy a relationship of T2 <T3.   The pressure molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the molding pressure vessel is attached to a lower surface of the upper pressure table via an elastic body mechanism that generates a downward biasing force.   The pressure molding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower pressure table includes a backup cylinder that pushes the lower pressure table upward. A communication path is provided that communicates between the pressure chamber formed inside the pressurizing elastic member and the backup cylinder;
The pressure molding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the communication passage is provided with pressure adjusting means for preventing the pressure in the pressure chamber from becoming higher than the pressure in the backup cylinder.   5. The pressure molding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pressure molding apparatus is configured so that the pressure in the pressure chamber of the pressure-applying elastic member can be reduced to an atmospheric pressure or lower during pressure reduction after the pressure molding. The upper pressure table and the lower pressure table are supported by a press frame,
The said upper pressurization stand is movably suspended by the upper pressurization stand guide extended outside the said press frame, and can be made not to oppose a lower pressurization stand. The pressure molding apparatus according to any one of the above.

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