JP5154625B2 - Power supply system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply system that uses power from a private power generation facility and power from a commercial power source.

  Various power supply systems have been developed for operating private power generation facilities such as gas generators, wind power generators, and solar power generators when commercial power sources are cut off due to disasters or accidents. For example, it is known that when a power failure occurs due to an abnormality in the power system (commercial power source), the power supply from the distributed power supply (private power generation facility) is also stopped to ensure the safety of maintenance workers, etc. It has been. In this system, the distributed generation power supply is also used in conjunction with the power system, the power supply from both power supplies is stopped in the event of a power failure, and the power from the distributed generation power supply is supplied after inspections are completed. It was.

  Such a system has a problem in that it cannot supply power to a load while having a distributed generation power source having a power supply capability, and cannot effectively use solar energy and wind energy. It was.

  Therefore, even if the power system fails as shown in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-322504), the power supply to the load of the distributed generation power source can be continued. A power supply system has been developed that can sufficiently use energy efficiently. In the power supply system that supplies power to the load from both the power system and the distributed generation power source installed in connection with the power system, when the power system is abnormal, the power system and the distributed type An interruption confirming unit that confirms the interruption of the power generation power source and the load and permits power supply to the load from the distributed generation power source, and the maximum power generation capacity of the distributed generation power source when the interruption confirmation unit confirms the interruption. And a load adjusting means for adjusting the load amount of the load based on the maximum power generation capacity detected by the power generation capacity detection means. Here, the interruption confirmation unit is configured to confirm the interruption and allow power supply to the load of the distributed generation power source when an abnormality occurs in the power system. The power generation capacity detecting means detects the distributed maximum power generation capacity at this time, and the load adjusting means adjusts the load amount based on the maximum power generation capacity at this time. Therefore, even if an abnormality occurs in the power system, the power supply of the distributed generation power source is not stopped, so that the operation of all loads is not stopped. Since the load amount at this time is adjusted according to the maximum power generation capacity, the power obtained by the distributed power generation power source is utilized with the maximum efficiency. In addition, the distributed generation power supply includes a battery, and there are cases where solar power generation or wind power generation cannot provide sufficient power generation capacity depending on the weather, but even in such a case, stable power supply can be performed by the battery. That's it.

Further, as another conventional example, one disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-178611) is known. This is a solar power generation system capable of linking operation with a commercial power system equipped with solar power generation equipment, power storage equipment, and a private power generator. Can be operated independently from the output power from the storage equipment and the power from the private generator, and when charging the storage battery, both the power from the solar battery and the power from the commercial AC system can be charged. To provide a self-operating solar power generation system that can supply power to the load even when the commercial AC system becomes unavailable due to a disaster or emergency. It is. Conventional solar power generation systems are not intended for cases where commercial power systems cannot be used due to earthquakes or typhoon disasters. When commercial power systems cannot be used, when operating these solar power systems: There was a serious problem. That is, the storage battery is first charged with DC power generated by the solar battery. Since the direct current from the storage battery is converted to AC power by the inverter via the control panel after the necessary amount of charge is secured for the storage battery, the power is consumed when the storage battery is not fully charged or when the output of the solar battery is small Could not be supplied to the load.
JP-A-7-322504 JP 2010-178611 A

  Any one of Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a power generation system using sunlight or wind power, but one using a gas generator is also known. For example, household gas cogeneration systems that generate electricity with city gas, make hot water with the heat generated, and can also be heated have been developed, but both are used together with power supply from commercial power sources. It was not a system that supplies power only when the power supply from the power source is stopped. Moreover, it was not something that was able to cope with power outages in ordinary homes and small-scale facilities while also saving power.

  In the present invention, it is possible to easily cut off a circuit that does not need to be always connected to a power source among power circuits connected to an electric device, regardless of whether commercial power or private power is used. It is useful to provide a power supply system that supplies privately generated power when the supply of commercial power is stopped and stops the supply of privately generated power when the supply of commercial power returns. is there.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a main circuit breaker connected to a commercial power source and a main circuit connected to the secondary side of the main circuit breaker. A distribution board having a branch breaker provided is provided, a switching switch is provided in the middle of the main circuit, and a power generation unit is connected to the switching switch to switch between commercial power and private power generation. In the power supply system configured as described above, a remote that can be remotely operated together with the branch breaker on an electric device that does not interfere with standby power interruption among the plurality of branch electric circuits, that is, an electric circuit connected to a load subject to standby power interruption the load control portion is formed by providing a breaker, a predetermined conductive by detecting the current value by the current sensor provided in the branch path to the remote circuit breaker is provided Check the standby power consumption state of the device to cut off standby power by operating the desired remote breaker, including the generator and the battery to the power generating unit, when less power supply and the battery remaining amount from the charged battery It is configured to supply power while charging the battery with a generator, and the load control unit is not housed in the cabinet of the existing distribution board, but is used as a sub-distribution board in the separately installed cabinet, and at the time of power failure When the power generation unit is activated, the voltage of the battery is detected, and if the voltage is a normal value, the switching switch is configured to connect the power circuit on the power generation unit side and the main circuit connected to the branch circuit, The load control unit can be controlled even in a private power generation operation state, and information on the power generation unit, voltage detection information of a commercial power source, and current usage detection to the load can be detected. Sends information to the control unit, is characterized in that so as to display information processed by the control unit on the display unit.

According to the present invention, a main circuit breaker connected to a commercial power source and a branch circuit breaker provided in a branch circuit that branches from the main circuit connected to the secondary side of the main circuit breaker and supplies power to each electrical device, A switchboard with a switchboard in the middle of the main circuit, and a power supply unit configured to connect to the switchover switch and switch between commercial power and private power In the system, load control is performed by providing a remote breaker that can be remotely operated together with the branch breaker on an electric device that is safe to cut off standby power among the plurality of branch electric circuits, that is, an electric circuit connected to a load subject to standby power interruption. part was formed, by detecting the current value standby power consumption of the predetermined electric appliances by a current sensor provided in the branch path to the remote circuit breaker is provided Check the status by operating the desired remote breaker to interrupt the standby power, comprising a generator and a battery to the power generation unit, the battery in the generator when less power supply and the battery remaining amount from the charged battery It is configured to supply power while charging, and the load control unit is not housed in the cabinet of the existing distribution board, but is used as a sub-distribution board in a separately installed cabinet, and the power generation unit is activated in the event of a power failure If the voltage of the battery is detected and the voltage is normal, the switch circuit is configured to connect the power circuit on the power generation unit side to the main circuit connected to the branch circuit, and in the private power generation operation state Can also control the load control unit and control information on the power generation unit, voltage detection information of the commercial power source, and current usage detection information on the load. To feed, so was to display the information that has been processed by the control unit on the display unit, anyone including household housewives and the elderly, easy even when any of the operation of the power of the commercial power and private power generation It is possible to save power by simple operation, and it can be installed at low cost by using an existing distribution board, and can be used effectively in the event of a disaster. Moreover, since the battery is included in the power generation unit, the generator power source (gas, etc.) also lasts longer.

Overall configuration diagram. The block diagram of the operation system of this invention system. The upper half of the flowchart which shows the operation | movement procedure of this invention system. The lower half of the flowchart which shows the operation | movement procedure of this invention system. The figure which shows the power generation equipment by LP gas. The circuit diagram which shows a specific example. The upper half of the detailed flowchart during a power failure. The lower half of the detailed flowchart during a power failure. The flowchart at the time of the test operation of a power generation facility. The block diagram in the case of installing a solar power generation system simultaneously. The block diagram when the solar power generation system is installed first.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration. A main circuit breaker 10 connected to a commercial power source and a main circuit 10A connected to the secondary side of the main circuit breaker 10 are branched into a branch circuit 20A that supplies power to each electric device. A distribution board 1 having a branch breaker 20 (indicated by SB) is provided. This distribution board 1 uses the existing one. A plurality of loads L such as outlets and lights are connected to the branch electric circuit 20A, and electric devices are provided on these loads L.

  A power contract breaker (LB) 10B is provided at the beginning of the main electric circuit 10A, a switching switch (SW) 10C is provided in the middle, and a main switch (MB) 10D is connected to the switching switch 10C. . When commercial power flows through the main electrical circuit 10A via the power contract breaker 10B and the switching switch 10C is connected to the commercial power side via the first voltage relay 10E, the main switch 10D is open. If there is, commercial power flows through the branch circuit 20A. The power generation unit 2 of the private power generation facility is connected to the switching switch 10C through the second voltage relay 10F and the power generation unit breaker 10G, and the power from the power generation unit 2 is supplied to the second voltage by switching the switching switch 10C. The current flows from the main electric circuit 10A to the branch electric circuit 20A and the load L through the relay 10F, the breaker 10G for the power generation unit, and the main switch 10D.

A detection unit 3, a control unit 4, a display unit 5, an operation unit 6 (a basic operation unit 6A and a remote operation unit 6B), which will be described later, are provided at the switching switch 10C and the main switch 10D. A load measuring current transformer 8 is provided in the middle of the main electrical circuit 10A connecting the main switch 10D and the branch breaker 20. Further, there is formed a load control unit 7 provided with a remotely operable remote breaker (RB) 7A to connected path to the electrical device without safely be cut off standby power of the electric branch 20A . By performing the operation of the operation unit 6 to be described later on-off of remote breakers 7A of the load control unit 7, it is possible to perform the power turn on and off to the load L. The load control unit 7
It is preferable not to be housed in the cabinet of the existing distribution board 1 but to be a sub-distribution board in a separately installed cabinet. For example, when the load L is provided from L _{1 to} L ₁₀ , among the 10 branch breakers 20 of the existing distribution board 1, the branch circuit 20 A leads to the loads L _{1 to} L ₅ (standby power cutoff target) 5 Remote breakers 7A are provided between the two branch breakers 20, and by placing these remote breakers 7A in a separate cabinet, it is possible to cut off the standby power of each load L required by the existing distribution board. It is possible to make it possible with simple construction.

When a resident goes out or goes to sleep in a conventional detached house or apartment house, the lighting of each room is generally turned off. However, electrical equipment such as a cleaning device attached to a TV, video, air conditioner or toilet is used. It was still plugged in and the standby power was being consumed. You can save standby power consumption by dropping the switch of the branch breaker of the distribution board that distributes electricity to each room in the house, but there are few people who drop the breaker of the distribution board every time. In the present invention, to be able to turn on and off by remote control by the operation unit 6 to be described later remote breakers 7A of the load control unit 7, even when using a commercial power source, even when using a power generation unit 2 A It is possible to save standby power in a circuit with a specific load L. In addition, when the main switch 10D is in a disconnected state, no power flows through the branch circuit 20A, and power can be cut off to all loads L, whether commercial power or privately generated power. Furthermore, by enabling the switching switch 10C to be turned on and off by the operation of the operation unit 6, by determining whether or not the operation of the power generation unit 2 is started based on the judgment of the situation of the user, the fuel of the generator 2A (diesel Oil and gas). Power failure at the time began to commercial power used to recover automatically advance so as to stop the generator 2 A by switching circuit.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the operation system of the present invention. Power failure information of the commercial power source and power supply start information (the voltage at the location of the main switch 10D may be detected by an appropriate sensor), fuel of the generator 2A The detection unit 3 detects information such as the remaining amount, temperature, and voltage, and controls the detected information, that is, information related to the power generation unit 2, voltage detection information of the commercial power source, current usage detection information for the load L, and the like. The data is sent to a unit (CPU) 4 and stored and calculated in the control unit 4. Information processed by the control unit 4 is displayed on the display unit 5. As the display unit 5, a touch panel was used. As displayed information, the load current value (ampere) of the branch electric circuit 20A and the percentage (%) with respect to the set value are always displayed. By inputting the maximum current value at the time of initial setting, the ratio of the current value flowing through the specific branch circuit 20A to the maximum current value is displayed. The information of the power generation unit 2 is displayed on the display unit 5 only when an alarm is required, for example, when the amount of fuel becomes small. In addition, it is also displayed on the display unit 5 at the time of a power failure or when the power generation unit 2 is operated, on / off display of the remote breaker 7A of the load control unit 7, display of several pre-programmed power saving modes or normal modes, date Displays the time and time. Note that not only visual display but also sound may be performed. Note that the operation history, operation abnormality history, alarm history, and the like of the power generation unit 2 are also stored, and can be displayed on the display unit 5 when necessary.

  The power generation unit 2 includes a converter 9, and the converter 9 converts direct current, alternating current, voltage, and the like. The converter 9 is operated according to the type of the generator 2A and the difference between the input voltage and output voltage of the battery 2B.

  The control unit 4 employs sequence control called PLC (programmable logic controller). The PLC is a dedicated controller that realizes sequence control by turning ON / OFF output devices (power generation unit, load control unit, etc.) in response to command signals ON / OFF of input devices (PC, touch panel, etc.). . The control contents relating to which output device operates and stops under the condition of which input device signal is ON / OFF is written in the CPU as a program using a dedicated instruction word.

  If the operation unit 6 connected to the control unit 4 is of a touch panel type, it is integrated with the display unit 5, several kinds of power saving mode instruction buttons, individual energization instruction buttons for individual systems (RB locations), and operation of the power generation unit 2. Display / stop instruction buttons, etc., and select and press these buttons to open and close the switching switch 10C from the control unit 4, control the load control unit 7, and turn on / off the power of the power generation unit 2 And start the cell motor. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the touch panel is the basic operation unit 6A, and the personal computer is the remote operation unit 6B.

The load control unit 7 is controlled by providing a current sensor such as a CT clamp (current detection means) on the branch circuit 20A provided with the remote breaker 7A, thereby constantly detecting the current value, and displaying the current value on the display unit 5. Display and activate the remote control function in the control unit 4, that is, send a signal to open and close the remote breaker 7A, close the specific remote breaker 7A, and cut off the standby power. When the load L to be controlled is the above-described five L _{1 to} L ₅ (refer to the load 1 to the load 5 in FIG. 5), the mode for cutting off all standby power is cut off for M ₁ and only four. the mode of blocking mode for only one M _2, 3 advance programming and M _3, the selection of each button M ₁ ~M ₃ of the operation unit 6, also choose a power saving mode in which the user needs it can. It is also possible to program a combination of loads L _{1 to} L ₅ to be manually cut off.

  The operation procedure of this system will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 3a and 3b. A sensor detects whether the commercial power is a power failure, and when it is a power failure, the operation of the power generation unit 2 is manually started. Know the information on the power generation unit 2, check whether the battery 2B is charged or whether the fuel in the generator 2A is almost empty, and start the operation without any alarm . When the power generation unit 2 is activated, the voltage of the battery 2B is detected, and if the voltage is normal, the switch circuit 10C connects the power circuit on the power generation unit 2 side to the main circuit 10A connected to the branch circuit 20A. To do. Even when the private power generation is in operation, the load control unit 7 can be controlled and the power saving mode can be set. Thereafter, when the power failure is recovered and the commercial power is restored, the power generation unit 2 is stopped and switched to the commercial power.

  The generator 2A is preferably a generator using LP gas as fuel. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, LP gas is sent from an LP gas cylinder 2C to an engine motor, and a power generation unit is operated by this motor to generate electric power. Sensors for detecting the flow rate, detecting the pressure, and detecting the amount of stored gas are provided at the location where the LP gas cylinder 2C is installed. Sensors for detecting the amount of engine oil, detecting the temperature of the engine housing, detecting the power generation voltage, detecting the power generation frequency, and detecting the battery voltage are provided at the power generation site. In the generator 2A using city gas, it takes time to recover the city gas in the event of a disaster, etc., and there is a situation where it cannot be operated when it is desired to operate private power generation. It becomes impossible to obtain oil, making it difficult to obtain oil. With the generator 2A using LP gas, gas cylinders can be stored in reserve, can be operated immediately in the event of a disaster, and can also save electricity during power generation using LP gas, so it is necessary and sufficient for a certain period until recovery. Electric power can be supplied. In the case of the type of the generator 2A, that is, DC output, the generator 2A is directly connected to the battery 2B for charging, and the DC output from the battery 2B is AC output via the converter 9, in this case an inverter. When the generator 2A is an AC output, it is converted into a DC output via a converter (converter 9) to charge the battery 2B.

  The generator 2A of the power generation unit 2 is preferably one that uses LP gas as fuel, but one that uses sunlight or wind power can also be used. As the battery 2B, a lead-acid battery of a cycle long life type called a so-called deep cycle battery can be suitably used. When the remaining amount of the battery 2B decreases, power is supplied while charging the battery 2B with the generator 2A.

  FIG. 5 shows a specific circuit diagram. As a load L, a specific room lamp and an outlet (a load (1 to load (shown as 5) switch (RB) on the drawing is provided on a separate distribution board) The standby power is cut off by turning off the switch of the load control unit 7, that is, the remote control breaker 7A.

  6a and 6b show more detailed flowcharts at the time of a power failure, and are configured to notify the occurrence of a power failure by voice on the display unit 5. In this example, the power generation unit 2 is operated by a button operation of the operation unit 6. did. However, in a case where the power generation unit 2 is automatically operated at the same time as a power failure, for example, in a hospital or public facility, the automatic operation can be performed. Before the operation button of the power generation unit 2 is displayed on the display unit 5, the power generation unit 2 is inspected for any abnormality. That is, when the occurrence of a power failure is displayed in text and voice, it is detected whether the sensor on the power generation unit 2 side is not sensing an abnormality, and there is no abnormality (the remaining amount of oil is sufficient and the temperature has not increased) ), The operation button can be pressed by the operation unit 6. When the operation button is pressed, the generator control power is turned on by switching the switching switch 10C, power is supplied from the battery 2B, and the commercial power is switched to the power generation unit 2 via the voltage relay 10F. The fact that power generation is in progress is displayed on the display unit 5 with characters and voice. At this time, a stop button of the power generation unit 2 is displayed on the display unit 5.

  FIG. 7 shows a flowchart for the trial operation of the power generation unit 2. It is extremely important that the power generation unit 2 is tested and maintained at a rate of about once every two weeks. If such maintenance (trial operation) is neglected, there may be a situation in which an abnormality occurs in the power generation unit 2 in the event of a disaster and the unit does not operate. When it is detected by the voltage relay 10E that it is not a power failure and it is also confirmed that there is no abnormality in the power generation unit 2, a test operation button is displayed on the display unit. When this button is pressed, the test operation is displayed and the same as before. The power generation unit 2 starts operation and also displays the sound. When the predetermined voltage is not detected by the voltage relay 10F, the same operation is repeated several times. When the voltage is detected, the power generation unit 2 starts operation.

  FIG. 8 shows a case where the power generation unit and the solar power generation system are installed at the same time. The solar panel 30 and the control unit 31 are installed, and the power from the control unit 31 is sent to the battery 2B and the load destination. Sell to the company.

  FIG. 9 shows a case where the power generation unit 2 is installed in a facility where a solar power generation system is already installed, and the output from the converter 9 (converter) is connected to be sent to the battery 2B.

  If a windmill is used instead of the solar panel 30 of FIGS. 8 and 9, a wind power generation system is obtained. Note that if an inverter built-in type is used for the battery 2B, an inverter (converter 9) does not have to be externally attached.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distribution board 2 Power generation unit 2A Generator 2B Battery 3 Detection part 4 Control part 5 Display part 6 Operation part 7 Load control part 7A Remote breaker 9 Converter 10 Main breaker 10A Main electric circuit 10C Switching switch 20 Branch breaker 20A Branch electric circuit

Claims (2)

A distribution board having a main circuit breaker connected to a commercial power source and a branch circuit breaker provided on a branch circuit that branches from the main circuit connected to the secondary side of the main circuit breaker and supplies power to each electric device. In the power supply system configured to provide a switching switch in the middle of the main electrical circuit, and connect the power generation unit to this switching switch to switch between commercial power and private power generation,
To the connected path to the plurality of load-free electrical appliances ie standby power cut object can safely cut off standby power of the electric branch, said comprising a remotely operable remote breaker disposed downstream of the branch breakers Form a load control unit separate from the distribution board ,
The current value is detected by a current sensor provided in the branch circuit where the remote breaker is provided, the standby power consumption state of a predetermined electric device is confirmed, the desired remote breaker is operated to cut off the standby power,
The power generation unit includes a generator and a battery,
Configure to supply power while charging the battery with the generator when the power supply from the charged battery and the remaining battery level is low,
The load control unit is not housed in a cabinet of an existing distribution board, and is a sub-distribution board in a separately installed cabinet,
When the power generation unit is activated at the time of a power failure, the voltage of the battery is detected, and if the voltage is a normal value, the switch circuit connects the power circuit on the power generation unit side to the main circuit connected to the branch circuit And
The load control unit can be controlled even in the private power generation operation state,
Information relating to the power generation unit, voltage detection information of the commercial power source and usage detection information of current to the load are sent to the control unit, and information processed by the control unit is displayed on the display unit. Power supply system.   2. The generator according to claim 1, wherein a generator using LP gas as fuel is used as the generator, LP gas is sent to an engine motor, and a power generation unit is operated by the motor to generate electric power. Power supply system.

Images