JP5149140B2 - Accelerator for polyester weight loss processing of polyester fiber and alkali weight reduction processing method using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an accelerator for alkali weight reduction processing of polyester fibers and an alkali weight reduction processing method using the same. Specifically, a polyester fiber fabric containing an easily weight-reducing component, and a weight-reducing processing accelerator used for alkaline weight-reducing processing of a fabric composed of a polyester fiber containing another easily-reducing component and other fibers with an alkaline aqueous solution, and It relates to the alkali weight loss processing method used.

  Conventionally, the weight reduction processing of the fabric which consists of polyester fiber is performed by hydrolyzing the ester group of polyester fiber in high concentration alkaline aqueous solution (alkali weight reduction processing method). However, since the reaction between the alkaline component and the polyester is slow, the reaction time is long or the alkaline component having an excessive concentration is used, and thus the productivity is low.

  In order to increase the reactivity, various investigations have been made on a weight loss processing accelerator, and among them, a weight reduction processing accelerator such as a quaternary ammonium salt which is a cationic activator is actually used. However, when these weight loss processing accelerators are used, the cationic component of the weight loss processing accelerator tends to remain in the fiber, so troubles occur in the dyeing process and finishing process (dye specifications, dyeing spots, There is also a problem that whiteness is reduced), and the effect of promoting the weight reduction processing is too great, and the processed fabric causes a significant decrease in strength. In addition, when a cationic drug such as a quaternary ammonium salt is used, there is also a problem that the load on the process is large in that anion soaping is necessary after weight reduction processing for the residual removal.

In addition, when two or more polymers with different weight loss rates are combined in polyester fiber, and the fiber that has undergone processes such as spinning, drawing, false twisting, etc. is subjected to alkali weight loss processing, the easy weight loss components with a large alkali weight loss rate are eluted and removed. Thus, proposals have been made for obtaining ultrafine fibers and special cross-sectional structure fibers (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
JP 58-54022 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-145812

  However, when reducing the weight of fabrics using these fibers, alkaline weight loss using a cationic activator such as a quaternary ammonium salt as a weight loss processing accelerator reduces weight loss to unmodified polyester fibers with a low weight loss rate. Is promoted, and there is a problem that a significant decrease in strength as a fabric occurs.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention promotes weight reduction when carrying out alkali weight reduction processing of a polyester fiber fabric, and is less likely to remain in the fiber, causing no problems in subsequent processes, and so forth. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing accelerator for alkali weight loss processing that reduces the load on the process.

  Further, by using the weight loss processing accelerator, the weight loss of the polyester fiber, particularly the polyester fiber containing the easily weight-reducing component, is preferentially promoted, and the influence of weight loss on other fibers is reduced. It is also an object of the present invention to provide an alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fibers that reduces a decrease in strength as a fabric and has little residue on the fabric and causes no problems in post-processing.

（〔化１〕中、式中、Ｒ_３は炭素数２〜４のアルキレン基を表し、ｍは０〜５の整数を表し、ｎは０〜２０の整数を表す。） The present invention, as a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, has resulted in a weight loss treatment comprising a polyester fiber weight loss processing accelerator containing a compound represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 1] and an alkaline component. When weight reduction processing is performed using a liquid, it is found that there is an effect of promoting weight loss, there is little residue on the fiber, and there is no problem in the post-processing dyeing process and finishing process, and the present invention is based on this knowledge. Was completed.

(In [Chemical Formula 1], R ₃ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and n represents an integer of 0 to 20.)

（〔化１〕中、式中、Ｒ_３は炭素数２〜４のアルキレン基を表し、ｍは０〜５の整数を表し、ｎは０〜２０の整数を表す。） That is, this invention is a polyester fiber alkali weight loss processing accelerator characterized by including the compound represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 1].

(In [Chemical Formula 1], R ₃ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and n represents an integer of 0 to 20.)

（〔化２〕中、ｍは０〜５の整数を表す。） Especially, it is preferable that the said compound is a compound represented by the following general formula [Formula 2].

(In [Chemical Formula 2], m represents an integer of 0 to 5.)

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the accelerator for alkali weight loss processing of the present invention contains a surfactant in addition to the above compound.

  If the accelerator for alkali weight loss processing of the present invention is used for alkali weight reduction processing of polyester fibers, the polyester fiber weight loss promotion effect is excellent, so productivity can be reduced by shortening the processing time and reducing the amount of alkaline components used. Improvement is possible.

  In addition, the accelerator of the present invention has less persistence to the fiber compared to a cationic accelerator made of a quaternary ammonium salt that has been used in the past, and accelerates the treatment for alkali weight reduction processing of the polyester fiber. It can be advantageously used as an agent.

  Furthermore, the weight loss accelerator of the present invention is prominent when performing alkali weight loss processing on polyester fibers, particularly polyester fiber fabrics containing easily weight loss components, and polyester fibers comprising easily weight loss components and fabrics made of other fibers. Has an effect of promoting weight loss. In addition, according to the weight loss processing method of the present invention in which a fabric composed of easily-lossable polyester fibers and unmodified polyester fibers or other fibers is subjected to alkali weight reduction, the weight loss of unmodified polyester fiber components or other fibers is promoted at all. Without significantly reducing the weight loss of the easily-reducible polyester fiber component or the fiber, it is possible to reduce the decrease in strength as a fabric and to reduce the residual amount on the fabric, and to prevent problems in post-processing. .

[Weight loss promoter]
The weight loss accelerator of the present invention contains a compound represented by the general formula [Chemical Formula 1] as described above, and includes a monohydric alcohol (when n = 0), a monohydric alcohol alkylene oxide adduct (n = 1 to 1). In the case of an integer of 20).

（〔化１〕中、式中、Ｒ_３は炭素数２〜４のアルキレン基を表し、ｍは０〜５の整数を表し、ｎは０〜２０の整数を表す。）

(In [Chemical Formula 1], R ₃ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and n represents an integer of 0 to 20.)

  Specific examples of the monohydric alcohol represented by the general formula [Chemical Formula 1] include α-naphthol, β-naphthol, α-naphthylmethanol, β-naphthyl alcohol and the like represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 2].

（〔化２〕中、ｍは０〜５の整数を表す。）

(In [Chemical Formula 2], m represents an integer of 0 to 5.)

  In the general formula [Chemical Formula 1], the monohydric alcohol component in the monohydric alcohol alkylene oxide adduct when n is an integer of 1 to 20 may be the same as described above.

  The monohydric alcohol alkylene oxide adduct constituting the weight loss accelerator of the present invention is produced by adding 1 mol or more of alkylene oxide to such a monohydric alcohol. The addition reaction method is not particularly limited, and is produced by a generally known method. In the present invention, the monohydric alcohol alkylene oxide adduct that is preferably used as a weight loss accelerator includes an ethylene oxide 1-20 mol adduct of a monohydric alcohol, an ethylene oxide 1-12 mol of a monohydric alcohol, a propylene oxide 1 Examples thereof include a 16-mol adduct.

[Other additives]
Furthermore, conventionally used anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactant surfactants, chelating agents, solvents and the like may be added to the alkali weight loss processing accelerator of the present invention, if necessary. Among these, surfactants are suitable in that they promote the weight loss of the polyester fiber containing the easily weight-reducing component more preferentially by synergistic action with the compound described in the above [Chemical Formula 1], and may be added. preferable.

  Examples of the anionic surfactant include alcohols and sulfates and phosphates of alkylene oxide adducts to alcohols. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include alkylene oxide adducts of monohydric alcohols having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, alkylene oxide adducts of alkylphenols, and the like.

  Examples of chelating agents include condensed phosphate chelating agents (sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, etc.), aminocarboxylic acid chelating agents and their salts (nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, etc., and metal salts thereof. , Amine salts, ammonium salts, etc.), polymeric surfactants and salts thereof (polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid etc. and their metal salts, amine salts, ammonium salts, etc.), and natural products or chelating agents derived from natural products And salts thereof (gluconic acid, phytic acid, D-sorbitol, etc., and metal salts, amine salts, ammonium salts, etc. thereof).

  Examples of the solvent include lower to intermediate alcohols or alkylene oxide adducts thereof.

[Polyester fiber]
The polyester fiber subjected to the alkali weight loss processing by the weight loss processing accelerator of the present invention is, for example, an unmodified polyester fiber composed of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and a copolymer component thereof, or a co-polymer of the unmodified polyester fiber. This refers to easily-reducible polyester fiber obtained by further copolymerizing an easily-reducing component with a polymerization component.

  As the easily reducing component, isophthalic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid such as azelaic acid, tricarboxylic acid such as trimellitic acid, diethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, hexane Examples include sulfonated products of diols such as diol, bisphenol A, and bisphenol B. Two or more of these may be used. A typical example is 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid.

  A preferable copolymerization amount of the easily-reducing component varies depending on the kind of easily-reducing component. For example, in the case of terephthalic acid, it is preferably 1.5 to 12 mol%. If the degree of polymerization is too low, the desired result may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the degree of polymerization is too high, the crystal structure of the modified polyester may be disturbed, resulting in a significant decrease in physical properties. Similarly, the copolymerization amount of adipic acid is preferably 3 to 7 mol%, and the copolymerization amount of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is preferably 1.5 to 4 mol%.

  In the easily-reducible polyester fiber, the easily-reduced component is contained in the chain or part of the end of the polyester, and therefore, in the operation for weight loss, the weight loss is 5 times or more compared with the unmodified polyester fiber. Rate is obtained.

  On the other hand, the unmodified polyester is polyethylene terephthalate consisting essentially of ethylene terephthalate units or polybutylene terephthalate consisting essentially of butylene terephthalate units, in which the copolymerization amount of the easily reducing component is 0.5 mol% or less.

  As the form of the fiber, two or more components of a synthetic polyester such as a modified polyester having an easy weight loss and an unmodified polyester or a polyamide fiber are combined, and a composite fiber that has undergone processes such as spinning, drawing, false twisting, Easy-reducible polyester alone is a fiber that has undergone processes such as spinning, stretching, false twisting, and may be either short fiber or long fiber.

  Further, in the present invention, the fabric refers to a composite yarn, a blended yarn, a blended yarn, a woven yarn, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like in which various fibers are used alone or in any form. A knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric. Fabrics composed of easily-reducible polyester and unmodified polyester and other synthetic fibers are woven fabrics composed of fibers obtained by composite spinning (conjugate spinning) of easily-reducible polyester, unmodified polyester and other synthetic fiber components, Knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, interwoven fabrics, knitted fabrics using yarns made by blending, blending, twisting, etc., in which easily-reducible polyester fibers and unmodified polyester fibers are combined in any form This refers to woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics. Further, these composite fibers may be combined with other fibers. Furthermore, the ratio of the easily-reducible polyester and the unmodified polyester and the ratio of other fibers in the fabric may be arbitrary.

[Alkaline weight loss treatment method]
Further, the present invention is a fabric composed of such easily-reducible polyester, unmodified polyester and other synthetic fibers, and natural, regenerated, semi-synthetic, synthetic fiber blends as easily-reducible polyester and other fibers, An alkali weight loss treatment method is characterized in that, when weight reduction of a cloth such as a knit, a knit knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric is performed, an alkali weight loss treatment is performed at a temperature of room temperature or higher using the weight loss accelerator and an alkali.

  The alkali weight loss processing accelerator of the present invention efficiently promotes the weight loss of the easily weight-reducing polyester fiber side to the weight loss when the polyester, particularly the easily weight-reducing polyester fiber and the unmodified polyester fiber coexist. It can also be used effectively in alkaline weight reduction of fabrics in which the weight-reducing polyester fiber, unmodified polyester fiber, and other fibers coexist. In addition, there is no adverse effect on post-processing due to the residue on the fiber, as seen in the conventional treatment.

  For the weight loss treatment, a treatment agent comprising a mixed aqueous solution of the weight loss accelerator and an alkaline component is used. Examples of the alkaline component include alkalis such as alkali metal hydroxides such as caustic soda and caustic potash, and alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. Further, if necessary, an amine solution such as triethanolamine, diethanolamine or monoethanolamine can be used in combination to form an alkaline aqueous solution. The fabric is dipped in the alkaline aqueous solution. Of these, caustic soda is preferred because of its great effect as an alkaline component. Although the processing method includes batch processing and continuous processing, the accelerator of the present invention can be used for any of them. In batch processing, a 2 to 20% by weight aqueous solution of caustic soda is usually used, and the weight loss rate is usually in the range of 5 to 70% by weight.

  The weight loss treatment is generally performed at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 135 ° C. for 10 to 120 minutes at a bath ratio of 1: 5 to 1:30 using a liquid dyeing machine or the like, but various physical properties and texture of the polyester fiber fabric. Considering the decrease in the temperature, the range of 80 to 130 ° C. is preferable. In the continuous treatment, an aqueous caustic soda solution of 5 to 40% by weight is usually used, and the weight loss rate is usually about 5 to 50% by weight. The continuous treatment is generally performed at a temperature of 90 ° C. to 140 ° C. for several seconds to 20 minutes using a pad-steamer or the like. The accelerator of the present invention is usually added to the alkali bath in an amount of 0.1 to 6% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight as a non-volatile content. If it is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect of promoting weight loss is insufficient, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, it is difficult to control the weight loss rate.

[Weight loss rate]
The degree of alkali weight loss of a fabric in which easily-reducible polyester fibers and unmodified polyester fibers or other fibers coexist, that is, the weight loss rate, is the weight loss rate of unmodified polyester or other fibers for easily-reduced easily-reducible polyesters. Within the necessary minimum, it can be determined in the weight loss range from 100% to 0.5% by weight, in which the weight loss rate is 100% to 0.5% by weight.

  In the alkali weight loss processing method of the present invention, the presence of the aforementioned weight loss accelerator in the treatment liquid widens the difficulty in weight loss between the easily weight lossable polyester and the unmodified polyester, and the easy weight loss polyester has not yet been reduced. The weight loss rate ratio to the modified polyester is 10 or more. As a result, the easily-reducible polyester can be reduced very easily. Therefore, for example, the weight reduction rate of the easily-reducible polyester in the fabric can be easily controlled by the treatment time at the time of alkaline reduction.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited only to the aspect of these Examples.

[Example 1]
Emulsion of β-naphthol (β-naphthol 90% / lauryl alcohol ethylene oxide 7 mol adduct 10%)

[Example 2]
Ethylene oxide 2-7 mol adduct of β-naphthol

Example 3
Ethylene oxide 2-7 mol adduct of β-naphthylmethanol

Example 4
β-naphthol

[Comparative Example 1]
20% aqueous solution of lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride

[Comparative Example 2]
20% aqueous solution of lauryltrimethylammonium chloride

[Comparative Example 3]
Ethylene oxide 2-7 mol adduct of benzyl alcohol

〔Evaluation method〕
The measurement and evaluation items of the alkali weight loss processing accelerators of Examples obtained above were based on the following methods.

(1) Weight loss rate The weight loss rate (%) is obtained from the weight of the fabric before and after treatment by the following formula.
Weight loss rate (%) = [(weight of raw fabric−weight of treated fabric) / weight of raw fabric] × 100
The larger the value, the greater the weight loss effect.

値が小さいほど減量効果が大きい。 (2) Weight loss rate ratio This is the weight loss rate ratio of the easily weight-reducing polyester to the unmodified polyester, and is determined by the following equation [Equation 1].

The smaller the value, the greater the weight loss effect.

(3) Accelerator residue The accelerator remaining on the treated cloth is qualitatively determined. The method uses a dye (CI Acid RED 118) 1.0% by weight (vs. treated cloth), dyes the treated cloth at 60 ° C. for 20 minutes, and compares the degree of coloring with the untreated cloth as follows. Evaluation was based on the criteria. The stronger the coloring, the higher the persistence.
○: Coloring is about the same as untreated cloth. △: Dye slightly darker than untreated cloth. X: Dye considerably darker than untreated cloth.

(4) Strength Measured with a strength measurement machine (performance evaluation 1) and a tear strength tester (performance evaluation 2). The tensile strength was determined in accordance with JIS L 1096 6.12.1 A method (strip method). The tear strength was measured according to JIS L 1096 8.15.5 D method (pendulum method).
The greater the value, the greater the strength.

(5) Whiteness Hunter whiteness is measured with a color difference meter SZ-Σ90 (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.). The smaller the value, the greater the decrease in whiteness.

[Performance evaluation 1]
A 20G smooth knitted fabric was knitted using a yarn in which a modified polyester fiber 83dtex / 24f copolymerized with 5 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and an unmodified polyester fiber 83dtex / 36f were twisted at a twist number of 200 T / M. Using this knitted fabric, the performance evaluation of the accelerators of Examples 1 to 3 and the accelerators of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was performed by treatment with caustic soda 25 g / L, 100 ° C. × 60 minutes. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Performance evaluation 2]
5-yarn sulfoisophthalic acid 8 mol% copolymerized modified polyester fiber (83 dtex / 36f) and nylon 6 fiber (56 dtex / 24f) twisted at a twist of 200 T / M, woven density; warp 70 / A plain woven fabric of 68 inches / inch is woven. Using this woven fabric, performance evaluation of the accelerators of Examples 1 to 3 and the accelerators of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was performed by a batch method with a target weight loss rate of 60% and a treatment at 95 ° C. The results are shown in Table 2.

Claims (4)

A polyester fiber alkali weight loss processing accelerator comprising a compound represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 1].

(In [Chemical Formula 1], R ₃ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and n represents an integer of 0 to 20.) A polyester fiber alkali weight loss processing accelerator comprising a compound represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 2].

(In [Chemical Formula 2], m represents an integer of 0 to 5.) A polyester fiber alkali weight loss processing accelerator comprising a compound represented by the following general formula [Chemical Formula 1] and a surfactant.

(In [Chemical Formula 1], R ₃ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and n represents an integer of 0 to 20.) A weight reduction treatment solution containing the polyester fiber weight loss processing accelerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and an alkaline aqueous solution is prepared, and elution and removal can be easily performed with the alkaline aqueous solution in the weight reduction treatment solution. A method for alkali weight reduction processing of a polyester fiber, comprising immersing a polyester fiber containing a weight loss component to elute and remove at least a part of the easily weight loss component.