JP2613240B2 - Synthetic fiber cloth processing method - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for treating a synthetic fiber cloth, which is a method of swelling a cloth made of a synthetic fiber containing polyamide and also a method of fibrillation.

That is, the present invention provides a unique feel and appearance that can be said to be a paper-like and peach-skin tone, and removes the compactness of the fabric, excluding the sliminess peculiar to the polyamide of the synthetic fiber containing the polyamide. The present invention relates to a method for swelling a synthetic fiber cloth that provides a swollen cloth having a feeling, and to impart a soft feeling and surface appearance similar to natural fibers to the synthetic fiber cloth and to give the cloth a compact feeling. The invention also relates to a fibrillation processing method.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, fabrics made of synthetic fibers have a monotonous feeling, relatively strong gloss, and are even referred to as plastics-like, and are far from the complex feeling and glossiness of natural fibers, and have low luster. He was dignified.

In recent years, various attempts have been made to improve the drawbacks, such as deforming the fiber cross section, false twisting, and composite fibers, but have not yet sufficiently achieved the purpose.

Conventionally, processing methods using the concept of swelling of synthetic fiber cloth or fibrillation of synthetic fiber are disclosed in JP-B-53-35.
No. 633, JP-B-56-16231, JP-B-61-231264
Nos. 1 and 2, all of which mention that the treatment is carried out with an aqueous emulsion of benzyl alcohol or benzoic acid.
However, in the case of the benzyl alcohol system, since the residual benzyl alcohol in the treated fabric is difficult to remove, dye spots frequently occur, the chemical cost is too high, and a large investment for drainage treatment is required, so that the processing as Lack of versatility and productivity. In addition, in the case of benzoic acid, instability of the emulsification system and unevenness often occur, resulting in processing unevenness, and practical management is difficult.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Accordingly, the present invention has excellent processing stability, uniformity, excellent versatility, and productivity without the above-mentioned drawbacks with respect to a synthetic fiber cloth containing polyamide. It is intended to provide a swelling technology and a fibrillation technology.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is different from the conventional emulsification system and is characterized in that the treatment is carried out with a homogeneous drug. By using a homogeneous system, the versatility is high and excellent in processing stability and uniformity, which are incomparable to conventional emulsified systems.

In the processing chemicals of the present invention, a characteristic and original idea is to add an alkali containing an alkali metal or an earth metal or a salt thereof as a technique for improving the solubility and uniformity of benzoic acid in water.
In the control of processing, the processing temperature, the number of moles of free benzoic acid ([BAc]-[Na]), and the chemical concentration of benzoic acid (B
It is necessary and sufficient to manage Ac).

The present inventors provide a method capable of improving the drawbacks of the conventional emulsification processing method and obtaining a swollen or fibrillated fabric with good productivity and high quality.

That is, the present invention is obtained by adding a fabric composed of a composite fiber formed from a polyamide and a polyester at a composite ratio of the following formula (1), mainly by adding a salt of benzoic acid and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to water. The present invention relates to a method for treating a synthetic fiber cloth, wherein the treatment is carried out with an agent which is uniform at the treatment temperature and satisfies the following formulas (2) and (3).

Polyester / polyamide ≦ 4 (1) 0.01 ≦ [Na] / [BAc] <1 (2) [Na] is an alkali compound containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. [BAc] indicates the number of moles of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal present in terms of Na, and [BAc] indicates the number of moles of benzoic acid.

0.1 ≦ BAc ≦ 50 (3) BAc indicates the concentration (% by weight) of the chemical solution of benzoic acid.

The conjugate fiber formed from polyamide and polyester used in the present invention refers to a conjugate fiber having a cross section in which a polyamide portion and a polyester portion exist in a single filament. And, depending on whether or not this conjugate fiber has a cross-sectional form having a cross-section that can be divided into the polyamide and polyester constituting the conjugate fiber, that is, in the case of the former form, it becomes a fibrillation process, and in the latter form, In the case of taking swelling, swelling processing is performed.

The composite ratio as referred to in the present invention means polyester / polyamide ≦ 4, and the smaller the polyester / polyamide, the easier the swelling or fibrillation process. If it exceeds 4, almost no effect can be seen even if the treatment is performed.

The polyamide in the present invention includes aliphatic polyamides such as nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 66, and nylon 10, and aromatic polyamides such as polyxylene adipamide and polyhexamethylene phthalamide. The polyester referred to in the present invention means a polyester comprising 85 mol% or more of an ethylene terephthalate residue or a butylene terephthalate residue, and may be a copolymerized polyester having another component of about 15 mol% or less, if necessary. Other components include copolymerization components such as diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, isophthalic acid, sulfoisophthalic acid, and polyalkylene glycol, and further, additives (eg, pigment, carbon, silica, etc.), and antistatic properties. Enhancer (eg, polyethylene glycol,
At the end ), A flame retardant, a dyeing property improving agent, and the like.

The fabric comprising the conjugate fiber referred to in the present invention means a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric using the conjugate fiber as a weft, a warp, or a warp and a weft.

The chemical solution in the present invention is a solution obtained by mainly reacting benzoic acid with an alkali compound containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and satisfying the concentrations represented by the formulas (2) and (3). Here, the alkali compound is a compound containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal such as sodium, potassium and calcium,
For example _{NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH)} 2 , etc. hydroxide, Na ₂ CO _3, C
Salts such as H ₃ COONa, NaBO ₄ and CH ₃ COOK can be mentioned.

In the formula (2), [Na] represents the mole of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal contained in the alkali compound in terms of Na, and [BAc] represents the number of moles of benzoic acid. is there. In equation (2), [Na] /
When [BAc] <0.01, the chemical solution does not become homogeneous, and unevenness occurs in the swelling or fibrillation of the fabric. In particular, the unevenness is concentrated on the polyamide portion, and the product has no commercial value. Would. In the formula (2), [Na] /
In the case of [BAc] ≧ 1, the residual alkali neutralized with benzoic acid is present in the chemical solution, and the polyester constituting the fabric in the present invention is hydrolyzed to be dissolved and removed. Does not help at all and is meaningless in the present invention. That is, it is essential that the processing chemical satisfies 0.01 ≦ [Na] / [BAc] <1. Particularly, in consideration of feeling, appearance, productivity, cost, and the like, it is preferable that 0.05 ≦ [Na] / [BAc] ≦ 0.5.

By using the above agent in a chemical solution containing the formula (3) (0.1 ≦ BAc ≦ 50, where BAc is the concentration of the benzoic acid solution (% by weight), the desired feeling, quality and degree of fibrillation can be obtained. In the case of BAc <0.1, there is almost no treatment effect, and in the case of BAc> 50, it is difficult to form a uniform system, the system is uneven, and processing unevenness often occurs, and in some cases, the shrinkage is severe. Judging from productivity, cost, and product quality, 0.1 ≦ BAc ≦ 50 is appropriate, more preferably 1 ≦ BAc ≦ 30, and even more preferably 1 ≦ BAc ≦ 20.

Any chemical solution such as an antistatic agent, a softener, a penetrant, and a surfactant which can maintain a homogeneous system may be mixed in the chemical solution contained at the concentration of the formula (8) according to the purpose.

The swelling process referred to in the present invention is a general term for a series of processes from dehydration to dehydration in which the polyester part and the polyamide part absorb water at the high temperature in the chemical solution, swell, and then discharge and dehydrate the water taken in by cooling. The dividing process is a process in which a difference occurs in the swelling and de-swelling effects of the polyester portion and the polyamide portion in the above-described series of processes, thereby performing division. In any case, in order to more positively discharge the processing chemicals, it is preferable that a means for performing a treatment with a hot water after the chemical treatment, a treatment with hot water containing a surfactant, or other dechemicals be employed. That is, if the treated fabric is cooled after the treatment, the treated fabric naturally de-swells, and depending on the form of the conjugate fiber constituting the fabric, swelling or fibrillation is performed.

In the treatment according to the present invention, the treatment temperature, treatment time, treatment machine and the like are not particularly limited as long as a desired product can be obtained.

The treatment temperature is not particularly limited as long as the system is a homogeneous system, and the temperature rise and temperature decrease are not particularly limited. The system becomes homogeneous depending on the mixing ratio and concentration of the processing chemicals defined by the formulas (2) and (3).
It is sufficient that the temperature is not less than ° C. Preferably, the treatment temperature is 90 ° C. or higher.

Regarding the processing machine, a rotary washer, a liquid jet dyeing machine, a paddle dyeing machine, a continuous cotton mill, an alkali weight reducing machine, etc. may be used. In short, the fabric may be immersed in or contacted with the chemical solution, and particularly preferably. It is better to have as little tension as possible.

(Example) In the examples, dr / f represents a denier / filament number, and [η] (intrinsic viscosity) represents an intrinsic viscosity (d) measured at 30 ° C. using a mixed solvent of tetrachloroethane: phenol = 1: 1.
l / g).

Example 1 Polyester / polyamide having a composite ratio shown in Table 1 using nylon 6 [η] 1.23 and polyethylene terephthalate (abbreviated to PET) 0.68 [η] 0.68, where polyester is the core and polyamide is the sheath The composite was spun and stretched to obtain a core-sheath composite fiber of 50d / 36f. The greige density of this composite fiber is 135 warps / in, 120 weft / in
Weaved in taffeta. This relaxed taffeta was treated for 30 minutes under the processing chemicals shown in Table 1 and then treated with hot water containing a surfactant to de-swell.

Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 These examples are examples of swelling processing in which the conjugate fiber used is a core-sheath type conjugate fiber in which polyester is the core and polyamide is the sheath as in Example 1. Are examples in which the composition ratio of polyester and polyamide was changed as shown in Table 1 and the conditions of the processing chemicals were also changed as shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 6 This example is an example in which the processing chemical solution was swelled under conditions different from those in Example 1 (ie, benzoic acid without using an alkali salt).

In Table 1, in Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 5,
The effect of the texture was not obtained, and it was meaningless. In Comparative Examples 3, 4, and 6, swelling was too severe,
Holes were made in the fabric, the texture of the treated fabric was made too hard, and spots were formed frequently on the appearance, resulting in no commercial value.

In Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4, the appearance and hand were all excellent, and the intended paper-like hand could be obtained. As in Example 3, when silicon emulsion was added as an additive in the same bath, a cloth having a paper-like texture different from that of a simple paper-like material could be obtained.

Examples 5 to 9 and Comparative Examples 7 to 10 Chips of nylon 6 of [η] 1.23 and polyethylene terephthalate (abbreviated to PET) of [η] 0.68 were used, and the composite ratio of polyester / polyamide was as shown in Table 2. Then, each of them is spun and stretched so as to become a multilayer composite fiber having a cross section laminated in multiple layers, and then each is stretched.
A composite fiber of 75d / 24f was obtained. Using each of the composite fibers, a taffeta having a greige density of 120 warp yarns / in and a weft yarn of 80 yarns / in was woven. The taffeta was treated under the conditions shown in Table 2 and fibrillated.

In Comparative Example 7, not only the fibrillation could not be carried out sufficiently, but also the feeling and appearance could not be the desired ones.

In Comparative Example 8, there was almost no dividing effect, and fibrillation was impossible.

In Comparative Example 9, the chemical liquid system in the division processing is unstable, and uniform processing is difficult. Further, a fibrillated fiber cloth having a desired texture and appearance cannot be obtained.

In Comparative Example 10, the dividing effect was small, and the appearance and feel were difficult to obtain the intended product, and if it were to achieve the purpose, excessive cost and time would be required, which is practically meaningless. .

In Examples 5 to 9, it is possible to obtain a feeling having a soft feeling similar to the intended natural fiber and a more compact surface appearance. In particular, Examples 6 and 7
By adding an additive in the above, it is possible to impart a more characteristic hand. Further, in Example 8, it is possible to have the above-mentioned feeling and appearance and also to have the hydrophilic antistatic SR function by using together with the hydrophilic antistatic SR agent.

Comparative Examples 11 to 12 Using a chip of PET of [η] 0.68 and a PET (SIP-PET) obtained by copolymerizing 5.0 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, under conditions where the composite ratio was 1, Spinning to become a multilayer composite fiber showing a cross section laminated in multiple layers,
Drawing was performed to obtain a 75d / 24f composite fiber. Using this composite fiber, a taffeta having a greige density of 120 warp / in and 80 weft / in was woven. This taffeta was treated with the same chemicals and conditions as in Example 3 (Comparative Example 11) and Comparative Example 2 (Comparative Example 12),
A fibrillation process was performed. The taffeta obtained in Comparative Example 11 was not hydrolyzed by the chemical solution, but did not have a dividing effect.The taffeta obtained in Comparative Example 12 was such that SIP-PET constituting the taffeta was hydrolyzed by the chemical solution. Decomposition resulted in a slight decrease in weight, little splitting effect, and no commercial value.

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Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1) The following (1) is obtained from a polyamide and a polyester.
A cloth composed of composite fibers formed at a composite ratio of the formula is obtained by adding a salt of benzoic acid and an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal to water. (3) A method for treating a synthetic fiber cloth, characterized by treating with a chemical satisfying (3). Polyester / polyamide ≦ 4 (1) 0.01 ≦ [Na] / [BAc] <1 (2) [Na] is an alkali compound containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. [BAc] indicates the number of moles of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal present in terms of Na, and [BAc] indicates the number of moles of benzoic acid. 0.1 ≦ BAc ≦ 50 (3) BAc indicates the concentration (% by weight) of the chemical solution of benzoic acid. 2. The method for treating a synthetic fiber cloth according to claim 1, wherein the treatment temperature of the chemical solution is 80 ° C. or higher.