JP5146333B2 - Electric dust collector and scraper - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator and a scraping device having moving electrodes, and in particular, a large number of discharge electrodes suspended at a predetermined interval in a casing and arranged around these discharge electrodes. The present invention relates to an electric dust collector and a scraping device having a large number of dust collecting electrode plates.

  This type of electrostatic precipitator is known, for example, as an electrostatic precipitator for removing dust in boiler exhaust gas from thermal power plants and exhaust gas from various furnaces for iron making. The schematic structure shown in Patent Document 1 is shown in FIG. Description will be made with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 6, the moving electrode type electrostatic precipitator 10 includes a casing 12, a hopper 13 below the casing 12, a number of discharge frames (discharge electrodes) 14 and a number of moving electrodes 15 disposed in the casing 12. The exhaust gas 17 introduced into the casing 12 from the inlet flue 16 is removed by the principle of electrostatic dust collection and discharged from the outlet flue 18. The collected dust (dust) falls into the hopper 13 and is taken out from the discharge port 20 by a mechanism (not shown).

  FIG. 7 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 6, and a large number of discharge frames 14 are provided in the casing 12 at predetermined intervals via suspension frames 24 suspended from the insulator 22 shown in FIG. It is suspended. In addition, a large number of moving electrodes 15 that circulate every other discharge frame 14 are provided.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of the moving electrode 15, and a pair of endless chains 30, 30 are stretched between the upper drive wheel 26 and the lower roller 28, and the pair of endless chains 30, A plurality of dust collecting electrode plates 32 are suspended and suspended at 30 at the position of the vertically long intermediate portion 33 in the moving direction, and the plate surface is arranged along the gas flow, forming a loop as a whole. doing. The drive shaft 34 of the drive wheel 26 is rotated by a drive mechanism (not shown), and the rotation of the drive shaft 34 is transmitted to a pair of endless chains 30 and 30 meshing with the drive wheel 26 to form a plurality of dust collecting bodies forming the loop. The electrode plate 32 moves around every other discharge frame 14.

  FIG. 9 is a layout view of the lower part of the moving electrode 15, and the dust collecting electrode plate 32 suspended and lowered by the endless chain 30 makes a U-turn at the position of the lower roller 28 and starts to rise. A pair of rotating brushes 36 and 38 (hereinafter, the pair of rotating brushes are collectively referred to as brush means and denoted by reference numeral 40) at a position sandwiching the dust collecting electrode plate 32 immediately after the ascent is provided for each lane of the moving electrode 15. Is arranged. The brushes 36 and 38 are made by implanting a metal brush on the rotating shaft, and the brush 36 is rotated clockwise and the brush 38 is counterclockwise so that dust adhering to the surface of the dust collecting electrode plate 32 is wiped down. Rotate around. The dust collecting electrode plate 32 from which the dust adhered to the surface has been removed by the brush means 40 is sequentially raised, and the dust in the exhaust gas is collected on the surface by the principle of electric dust collection in the discharge region where the discharge frame 14 is, It will descend again.

  Patent Document 2 discloses an electric dust collector using a fixed brush. In this technique, a fixed brush is pressed and brought into contact with a metal net of a dust collecting electrode by its own weight or weight, and dust is scraped off.

JP 2001-246286 A JP 2003-62486 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, in the case of a large-scale, the number of moving electrodes is 50 to 100 lanes, and a driving device for driving these and a driving device for rotationally driving the brush means 40 are necessary, resulting in a large equipment cost. When the brush means is worn, it is difficult to change the pressing allowance of the brush means because of the driving means, and the cost and labor for replacing the brush means are required to ensure the function. Since a large number of dust collecting electrode plates have gaps between adjacent ones, the brush enters the gaps to increase the driving resistance of the circulating operation of the dust collecting electrode plates, or both surfaces of the dust collecting electrode plates. In the brush arranged opposite to the brush, the hairs of the brushes that have entered the gap may be entangled with each other, and the rotating operation may be braked.

  Moreover, in patent document 2, since it is the fixed brush which was flocked, the dust adhering to a dust collection electrode by the rotation operation | movement may not be able to be scraped off enough. That is, some dusts are firmly fixed to the dust collecting electrode, and there are cases where the brushes in which the dusts are implanted cannot be sufficiently scraped off.

  In view of the above-described conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic precipitator and a scraper that improve the scraping performance while reducing the cost related to dust scraping.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a casing for flowing a dust-containing gas from an inlet to an outlet of a gas, a number of discharge electrodes suspended in a gas flow path serving as a dust collection area in the casing, An electric dust collector comprising a moving electrode having a scraping means that circulates in a loop by a plurality of dust collecting electrode plates suspended from an endless chain and brushes the surface of the circulating dust collecting electrode plate at a predetermined position. In the device
The scraping means is a long brush extending in the width direction of the dust collecting electrode plate and arranged in a plurality of stages in the circumferential direction, and a parallelogram that supports each brush of the plurality of stages individually on the front end. A link mechanism, and a biasing means for pressing each brush individually in the vertical direction against the dust collecting plate by biasing means fixed to the rear end of the link mechanism ;
The dust collecting electrode plate is brushed with the brushes of the respective stages in accordance with the rotating operation of the dust collecting electrode plate.

  Further, in the electric dust collector described above, the brush of the upstream step (the step to be brushed first) in the circumferential direction of the dust collecting electrode plate is strong and the brush of the downstream step is weak. It is characterized by that.

  In the electrostatic precipitator described above, the brush may have a plate-like brush on the upstream side (first brushing step) in the circumferential direction of the dust collecting electrode plate and a large number of bristle on the downstream side. It is characterized by being a brush comprised of.

  Further, in the electric dust collector described above, the brushes of each step straddle the gap so as to prevent the brush from being inserted into gaps adjacent to the plurality of dust collecting electrode plates. It is characterized by being attached so as to be in contact with the electrode plate.

  Further, in the electric dust collector described above, the urging means further attaches the brush to the dust collecting electrode plate so as to prevent the brush from fitting into an adjacent gap between the plurality of dust collecting electrode plates. It is characterized by comprising a regulating means for regulating the pressing to the.

  Further, in the above-described electrostatic precipitator, the brushes at each stage are arranged in a plurality of parts in the width direction of the dust collecting electrode plate.

  Further, in the electric dust collector described above, the brush has a plurality of brushes arranged in a circumferential direction of the dust collecting electrode plate and arranged in a plurality of sets in the width direction of the dust collecting electrode plate. And

  Further, in the electric dust collector described above, the urging means is provided for each of the groups so that the brushes of the respective groups are pressed against and contacted with the dust collecting electrode plates with individual urging forces. To do.

Further, in the scraping device for brushing the surface of the object to be cleaned by moving relative to the object to be cleaned, the brush for brushing the surface of the object to be cleaned is arranged in a plurality of stages in the direction of relative movement. The brushes are individually perpendicular to the object to be cleaned by the arranged brushes, the parallelogram link mechanism that individually supports the plurality of brushes on the front end, and the biasing means fixed to the rear end of the link mechanism. And an urging means for pressing and contacting in the direction, and the object to be cleaned is brushed with the brushes of the respective stages along with the relative movement.

  In the scraping device described above, the plurality of brushes have different waist strengths, and the step of first brushing the object to be cleaned is set to a strong waist. Further, in the above-described scraping apparatus, the brush is a brush in which the first brushing stage is a plate-like brush and the other stage is a brush composed of a large number of hairs.

  According to the present invention, the cost of the electrostatic precipitator can be reduced with a simple configuration, and the dust scraping performance can be improved. In addition, the cost of the scraping device can be reduced with a simple configuration, and the scraping performance for brushing the surface of the object to be cleaned can be improved.

It is an arrangement plan of the lower part of the movement electrode of Example 1 of the present invention. It is a detailed view of the brush means of Example 1. It is a perspective view of a brush means similarly. It is a perspective view of the brush means of Example 2. It is a perspective view of the brush means of Example 3. It is side sectional drawing which shows the general structure of an electrical dust collector. It is an AA arrow line view of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the general structure of a movement electrode. FIG. 5 is a general arrangement view of a lower part of a moving electrode. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of times of scraping and the amount of scraping.

  FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a lower part according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The overall configuration of the electric dust collector is the same as that shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 described in the section of the background art, and the same reference numerals as those described above denote the same elements.

  In FIG. 1, the moving electrodes 15 arranged in parallel are suspended by three sets of endless chains 30, and the dust collecting electrode plate 32 that has been lowered due to rotation makes a U-turn at the position of the lower roller 28 and starts to rise. Scraping means (brush means) 40 are disposed at positions sandwiching both surfaces of the dust collecting electrode plate 32 immediately after the ascent.

  The brush means 40 includes a pair of long brushes 1 and 2 that extend in contact with the surface of each dust collecting electrode plate 32 in the width direction, and parallelogram links 3 and 4 as link mechanisms that support the brushes at the front end. The urging means (weights) 5 and 6 fixed to the rear end of the link are provided, and the pair of brushes 1 and 2 are pressed by the urging means in the direction of the arrow across the dust collecting electrode plate 32 to collect the dust. The dust adhering to both surfaces of the electrode plate 32 is configured to be removed. In FIG. 1, the brushes 1 and 2 are a pair, but in reality, a plurality of pairs (a plurality of stages) are provided.

  FIG. 2 shows in detail the right half of the brush means 40 shown in FIG. 1 as an example. The brushes 2a, 2b, in order from the downstream side (upper side in FIG. 2) to the upstream side (side to be brushed first in the lower side in FIG. 2) along the circumferential direction (traveling direction) of the dust collecting electrode plate 32. It is comprised from the long brush of 3 steps | paragraphs of 2c.

  Explaining in relation to the brush 2a, the parallelogram link 4 has a rear end of the lower side 4b of the electrostatic precipitator so that the upper side 4a and the lower side 4b parallel to each other are perpendicular to the dust collecting electrode plate 32. A long brush 2a is fixed toward the dust collecting electrode plate 32 at the front end of the upper side 4a. The front side 4c and the rear side 4d are rotatably connected to the both sides 4a and 4b, the rear side 4c is bent and extends downward from a connecting fulcrum 4e with the side 4b, and a weight (biasing force) is applied to the lower end thereof. Means) 6a is attached.

  The weight 6a drives the parallelogram link 4 by its gravity (arrow) so that the upper side 4a moves in the arrow direction. Accordingly, the brush 2 a fixed to the upper side 4 a is urged in the direction of the arrow through the parallelogram link 4 and presses and contacts the dust collecting electrode plate 32. This pressing force is adjusted by the weight of the weight 6a so that a pressure suitable for scraping off dust adhering to the dust collecting electrode plate 32 by the brush 2 can be obtained.

  The brush 2a is a metal brush formed by bundling wire-like metal bristles, and is formed on the dust collecting electrode plate 32 by an angle α (0 ° to 45 °) from a line perpendicular to the surface of the dust collecting plate 32. It fixes to the said side 4a so that it may incline and contact in the advancing direction (upward). The inclination angle α of the brush 2a is set to an angle with good dust scraping efficiency. Further, since the parallelogram link 4 is used as a link mechanism, when the brush 2a is worn down, it moves parallel to the direction of the dust collecting electrode plate 32, but the angle α is kept constant.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the angle α and the scraping amount. The vertical axis shows the level (relative value) of the remaining amount of dust (remaining dust thickness) after scraping, the horizontal axis shows the number of scrapes, and the case where the angle α is 0 °, 45 °, and 60 °. . In this figure, it can be seen that the remaining amount after scraping is small at angles of 0 ° and 45 ° and large at an angle of 60 °. That is, if the angle α is set to 0 ° to 45 °, efficient scraping can be performed. The reason for this is considered to be that as the value of α is smaller, the number of brush tips in contact with the dust collecting electrode plate is larger.

  Further, by adjusting the standing angle of the front side 4c and the rear side 4d of the parallelogram link 4, the movement allowance (movement distance) of the brush 2 to the dust collecting electrode plate 32 can be arbitrarily set. That is, in FIG. 2, both sides 4c and 4d are inclined to the left side. However, when this is set to be vertical at the start of use, the movement allowance from the vertical position to the dust collecting electrode plate 32 side is increased. Even if the brush wears down with use, it can be scraped off for a longer period of time to maintain its performance.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the brush 2a is pressed against the surface of the dust collecting electrode plate 32 at a constant angle for a long time to scrape off the dust, so that the brush 2a can be maintained for a long time with a constant scraping amount from the start of use. Can do.

  By the way, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the moving electrode 15 is configured by suspending a large number of the dust collecting electrode plates 32 on the endless chain 30. In order to facilitate movement, a gap 31 having a predetermined width is provided between adjacent dust collecting electrode plates 32. As described above, since the brush 2a is always in press contact with the dust collecting electrode plate 32 due to the gravity of the weight 6a, the hair at the tip enters the gap 31 (interval W).

  There is no problem when the hair at the tip enters the gap 31 shallowly. However, if the hair enters the gap 31 deeply, the driving resistance of the rotating operation of the dust collecting electrode plate is increased, or the both sides of the dust collecting electrode plate are opposed to each other as shown in FIG. In the case where the brushes are arranged, the hairs of the brushes that have entered the gap 31 from both sides may be entangled to brake the rotating operation.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes a stopper (regulating means) for regulating the moving range of the weight 6a so that the bristles of the brush do not enter deeply into the gap 32 between the dust collecting electrode plates. The weight 6a moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2 by turning around the fulcrum 4e of the rear side 4d of the parallelogram, and the stopper 8 is attached to the fixing member 7a so as to restrict this movement. Accordingly, the weight 6a always presses the brush 2a against the surface of the dust collecting electrode plate 32 by gravity, but when the hair at the tip slightly enters the gap 31 when the brush 2a passes through the gap 31, the direction of the arrow in FIG. , The lower end abuts against the stopper 8, further movement is restricted, and movement of the brush 2a is restricted. Therefore, the hair at the tip of the brush 2a can be prevented from entering the gap 31 deeply.

  Although the above described the configuration related to the brush 2a, the configuration of the parallelogram link, the weight, and the stopper is the same also regarding the brushes 2b and 2c.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the brush 2 a and the dust collecting electrode plate 32. The dust collecting electrode plate so that the long brush 2a contacts the surface of the dust collecting electrode plate 32 across the gap 31 between the adjacent dust collecting electrode plates (so as to cross and contact the gap 31). It is attached to the link mechanism 4 so as to be inclined in the direction of travel due to the 32 turns. By configuring in this way, the long brush 2a does not penetrate deeply into the gap 31 because a part of the long tip is always in contact with the surface of the dust collecting electrode plate. That is, the dust collecting electrode plate 32 is caused to act as a stopper by bringing the long brush 2 a into contact with the surface of the dust collecting electrode plate across the gap 31. The inclination angle of the brush 2a at this time is set to 5 ° to 45 ° with respect to the width (lateral) direction of the dust collecting electrode plate 32 (longitudinal direction of the gap 31).

  In FIG. 2, the brushes 2a and 2b are metal brushes formed by bundling wire-like metal hairs, and the brush 2c is a plate (plate-like) brush made of metal or synthetic resin. The strength of the waist of each brush is set such that the plate-like brush 2c is the strongest (high rigidity), the brush 2a is weak (low rigidity), and the brush 2b is intermediate strength. By setting in this way, rough dusting is performed with the plate-like brush 2c of the stage (upstream stage) that first brushes the hardly adhered dust among the dust adhering to the surface of the dust collecting electrode plate 32. Next, brush the middle finish with the brush 2b of the next brushing stage, and finally finish scraping with the brush 2a of the last brushing stage (downstream stage). Performance can be obtained.

  Explaining the relationship between the brush's waist strength and scraping, the plate-like brush with strong waist (high rigidity) is in contact with the dust collecting electrode plate with strong pressure but has low adhesion, scraping hard and large dust. It is suitable for dropping, and a brush with a low waist (low rigidity) is suitable for scraping fine dust because it contacts the dust collecting electrode plate with low pressure but has good adhesion. Therefore, scraping performance can be improved by scraping various dusts continuously with a brush having different waist strengths at a plurality of times. Since dust-containing exhaust gas is always flowing through the dust collecting electrode plate 32, another dust will immediately adhere to the dust collecting electrode plate 32. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, rough brushing is performed by arranging a brush with a strong waist on the upstream side, and immediately after that, fine dust left by rough scraping is scraped off with a brush with a low waist. High scratching performance can be obtained.

  The scraping performance can also be confirmed in FIG. FIG. 10 is a graph of the relationship between the angle α and the amount of scraping, but at the same time, it is also a graph of the relationship between the number of scraping and the amount of scraping. After the first scraping, the level of remaining dust (residual dust thickness) after the second and third scraping has decreased, especially after the second scraping. Yes. In this embodiment, three brushes 2a, 2b and 2c are continuously scraped off three times when passing through the dust collecting electrode plate 32.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the main part of the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the long brushes 2a and 2c shown in FIG. 3 are divided into a plurality of pieces in the width (lateral) direction of the dust collecting electrode plate 32, and the dust collecting plate is inclined in the traveling direction by 2 They are arranged in stages. The brushes arranged side by side are arranged so that their scraping margins overlap slightly.

  As in FIG. 2, each brush 2a, 2c is fixed to the parallelogram link 4, each parallelogram link 4 is fixed to the fixing members 7a, 7c, and weights 6a, 6c are below the rear side 4d. It is attached to the extended lower end. Further, the brushes arranged horizontally are connected by connecting shafts 11a and 11d in which the respective weights penetrate the connecting fulcrum 4e of the rear side 4d and the lower side 4b, and the pressures are equal and individual for each stage. Is pressed against the dust collecting electrode plate 32.

  According to the present embodiment, since the brushes 2a and 2c are divided into a plurality of portions and arranged side by side, the per brush can be shortened and the bending can be reduced. Can be communicated, and less scraping unevenness. In addition, since the brush can be pressed against the dust collecting electrode plate with individual pressure for each stage, the amount of scraping can be controlled for each stage, and efficient scraping performance as a whole can be set.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the main part of the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the long three-stage brushes 2a, 2b, and 2c shown in FIG. 2 are inclined in the traveling direction of the dust collecting electrode plate 32, so that five sets are formed in the width (lateral) direction of the dust collecting electrode plate 32. They are arranged separately. The brushes arranged side by side are arranged so that the scraping margins slightly overlap each other.

  As in FIG. 4, each brush 2 a, 2 b, 2 c is fixed to the parallelogram link 4, except that each set of three-stage brushes is connected to one parallelogram link by a connecting plate 9 (dashed line). It is a point fixed via. Each brush is inclined and fixed to the connecting plate 9, the connecting plate 9 is fixed to the upper side 4a of the parallelogram link 4, and the rear side 4d of the parallelogram link 4 is one fixing member (fixed beam). 7 is fixed. In addition, the weights 6 are individually provided in each set of parallelogram links 4, and individual pressing force (biasing force) can be applied to each set of brushes.

  According to this embodiment, the brushes can be divided into a large number horizontally and arranged side by side, so that each brush can be shorter than the second embodiment, and a sufficient pressing force can be ensured for the entire length of each brush. Further, since the plate surface of the dust collecting electrode plate 32 is arranged along the flow of the boiler exhaust gas, one end in the width direction is upstream of the gas and the other end is downstream, and dust collected along the width direction. Unevenness in the thickness may occur. In this embodiment, the pressing force (biasing force) of each set of brushes can be applied individually, so the weight of the thick area of the dust collection electrode plate is set to be heavier to increase the scraping force. Thus, the remaining amount of dust after scraping can be made uniform.

  In each of the above embodiments, a parallelogram link is used as the link mechanism. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, only the sides 4b and 4c in FIG. 2 are used, and the brush 2 is provided at the front end of the side 4c. May be. Further, although the weight is used as the biasing means, a biasing spring may be used instead.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a stopper that restricts the movement of the weight is used as a restricting means that restricts the movement of the brush. Instead, for example, the movement range of a parallelogram link or brush is restricted. It may be configured.

  In the above embodiments, the electric dust collector has been described. However, the present invention can be applied to other objects to be cleaned instead of the dust collecting electrode plate. A configuration (a symbol indicates a corresponding part) is as follows.

  In the scraping device for brushing the surface of the object to be cleaned by moving relative to the object to be cleaned (32), the brush for brushing the surface of the object to be cleaned is a plurality of stages in the direction of relative movement. The brushes (2a, 2b, 2c) arranged side by side and urging means (5, 6) for pressing and contacting the brushes to the object to be cleaned are provided. Brush the object to be cleaned. In the above-described scraping device, the plurality of brushes have different waist strengths, and the step of brushing the object to be cleaned first is set to a strong waist. Further, in the scraping apparatus described above, the brush is a brush in which the first brushing stage is a plate-like brush (2c) and the other brush stage is composed of a large number of hairs. And the effect equivalent to the Example of the said electrostatic precipitator is acquired by said each structure.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... Brush, 2a, 2b, 2c ... Multiple step brush, 3, 4 ... Link mechanism (parallelogram link), 5, 6 ... Biasing means (weight), 7 ... Fixing member (beam), 8 Control means (stopper), 10 casing, 14 discharge electrode, 15 moving electrode, 30 endless chain, 31 gap, 32 dust collecting electrode plate (object to be cleaned), 40 scraping means (scraping) apparatus).

Claims (11)

A casing for flowing dust-containing gas from the gas inlet to the outlet, a number of discharge electrodes suspended in a gas flow path serving as a dust collection area in the casing, and a plurality of collectors suspended by a pair of endless chains In an electrostatic precipitator equipped with a moving electrode having a scraping means that forms a loop with a dust electrode plate and circulates, and brushes the surface of the circulating dust collection electrode plate at a predetermined position.
The scraping means is a long brush extending in the width direction of the dust collecting electrode plate and arranged in a plurality of stages in the circumferential direction, and a parallelogram that supports each brush of the plurality of stages individually on the front end. A link mechanism, and a biasing means for pressing each brush individually in the vertical direction against the dust collecting plate by biasing means fixed to the rear end of the link mechanism ;
An electric dust collector, wherein the dust collecting electrode plate is brushed by the brushes of the respective stages as the dust collecting electrode plate rotates.   2. The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, wherein the brush of the upstream step in the circumferential direction of the dust collecting electrode plate is set to be strong and the brush of the downstream step is set to be weak.   3. The brush according to claim 1, wherein an upstream step in the circulation direction of the dust collecting electrode plate is a plate-like brush, and a downstream step is a brush composed of a plurality of bristles. Electric dust collector.   In order to prevent the brushes from being inserted into adjacent gaps of the plurality of dust collecting electrode plates, the brushes of each step are attached so as to be in contact with the dust collecting electrode plates across the gaps. The electrostatic precipitator according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The biasing means further includes a regulating means for regulating the pressing of the brush to the dust collecting electrode plate so as to prevent the brush from being inserted into an adjacent gap between the plurality of dust collecting electrode plates. The electrostatic precipitator according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   6. The electrostatic precipitator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the brushes at each stage are divided into a plurality of rows in the width direction of the dust collecting electrode plate.   6. The brush according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of brushes arranged in a circumferential direction of the dust collecting electrode plate are divided into a plurality of sets in the width direction of the dust collecting electrode plate. The electric dust collector as described.   8. The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 7, wherein the urging means is provided for each of the groups so that the brushes of the respective groups are pressed against the dust collecting electrode plates with individual urging forces. . In a scraping device that brushes the surface of the object to be cleaned by moving relative to the object to be cleaned,
A brush for brushing the surface of the object to be cleaned, which is arranged in a plurality of stages in a relatively moving direction; and
A parallelogram link mechanism for individually supporting the brushes of the plurality of stages on the front end, and an urging means fixed to the rear end of the link mechanism, respectively, to attach the brushes individually to the object to be cleaned in the vertical direction. Power means ,
A scraping apparatus characterized in that the object to be cleaned is brushed with the brushes of the respective stages in accordance with the relative movement.   The scraping apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of brushes have different waist strengths, and the step of brushing the object to be cleaned first is set to a strong waist.   The scraping device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the brush is a brush in which the step of first brushing the object to be cleaned is a plate-like brush and the other step is composed of a large number of hairs. .

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