JP5143581B2 - Electric motor stator and compressor using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator of an electric motor used for a compressor or the like and a compressor using the same.

  In order to increase the efficiency of an electric motor, there are an increasing number of stators adopting a winding method called concentrated winding in which a coil wire is directly wound around each magnetic pole. For example, in high-efficiency models of air conditioners, there are an increasing number of examples in which a stator adopting a concentrated winding method is mounted on an electric motor incorporated in a compressor. The concentrated winding method has a feature that the copper loss can be reduced because the total length of the coil wire is shortened, and the electric motor can be miniaturized because the volume of the coil is reduced.

By the way, with respect to the conventional winding method called distributed winding, the wire end connection processing is
(1) The coil winding terminals (leader wires) and power supply wires are connected by means such as brazing so as to constitute a predetermined electric circuit.
(2) Cover the connecting portion and the exposed portion of the coil wire near the connecting portion with an insulating member such as a tube.
(3) The portion covered with the insulating member is embedded between the coil end phases.
(4) The whole coil end is fixed with a binding thread.
Such a method is mainly performed manually.
Since the wire end treatment method for the winding end greatly affects the productivity and insulation quality of the stator, there are many methods for the stator using the concentrated winding method depending on the production scale and required insulation performance. Is adopted.

  For example, in the conventional stator connection processing method disclosed in Patent Document 1, a connecting member is press-fitted and fixed to an outer wall portion of an insulating member that insulates each magnetic pole from the winding, and a winding terminal is connected to one end of the connecting member. And, at the same time as sandwiching, part of the insulation film of the winding is removed to make electrical connection. In addition, the other end of the connection member is similarly sandwiched between the end portions of the power supply line, and the winding terminal and the power supply line are fixed and the connection between the winding terminal and the power supply line is performed using the connection terminal. Although this method has the disadvantage of increasing the number of parts, it has the advantage of being easily automated and can be said to be a method suitable for mass production.

  Further, the conventional stator connection processing method disclosed in Patent Document 2 simply forms a groove in accordance with the number of phases on the outer peripheral side of the insulator attached to each magnetic pole, and stores the winding terminal in the groove. Thus, insulation between the phases is secured without requiring an insulating member such as a tube, and the winding terminal is fixed. This method is inexpensive because the number of parts is small, and it is not necessary to pass the insulation tube through the winding terminal. Also, the wiring terminal processing method is easy to store the winding terminal in the groove and has good workability. It is.

  Further, in the conventional stator connection processing method disclosed in Patent Document 3, a lead wire is pressed by a lead wire of another magnetic pole coil, and is fixed to a lock portion provided on an insulating bobbin so as to be wound. The wire terminal is fixed. At this time, insulation quality is maintained by passing an insulation tube between lines where a potential difference occurs. This method is a connection processing method that can securely fix the winding terminal for each magnetic pole.

JP 2001-197699 A (page 3-4, FIG. 1 to FIG. 7) JP 2002-101596 A (3rd page, FIGS. 1 and 2) JP 2006-14385 A (page 5-6, FIGS. 1 to 4)

  In general, a permanent magnet is incorporated in a rotor of an electric motor employing a concentrated winding method. Rare earth permanent magnets that generate a strong magnetic force represented by neodymium magnets have greatly contributed to miniaturization and high efficiency of electric motors. In order to generate a magnetic force from the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is subjected to a magnetization process using an external magnetic field after an unmagnetized permanent magnet is attached to the rotor. In the case of an electric motor for a compressor, if a permanent magnet is magnetized before the rotor is installed in the compressor, the magnetic force between the permanent magnet and the stator aligns the axis of the compression chamber mechanism with the rotor. There is a problem that the accuracy of. In addition, there is a problem that foreign matters such as iron powder are attracted to the rotor during the manufacturing process and enter the compressor and enter the clearance of the compression chamber during operation, causing malfunction. Therefore, the magnetic field generated in the magnetic poles of the stator by applying a pulse voltage between the power lines of the stator of the motor in the process behind the production line after the rotor is installed in the compressor and the compressor frame is closed. Built-in magnetization is performed to magnetize the permanent magnet.

  When the permanent magnet is a rare earth, the magnetic field required for magnetization is as large as 2T or more, the voltage applied between the rotor power lines is about several kV, depending on the number of turns of the winding, and the current flowing through the winding is several Thousand A. Due to this pulse current, a large force (Lorentz force) acts between the coil wires. This force acts not only on the coil wound around the magnetic pole but also on the winding terminal. In the case of an electric motor that performs built-in magnetization, the winding terminal of the stator needs to be firmly fixed so that a large magnetizing current can flow and the Lorentz force due to the magnetizing current can be withstood.

  However, in the case of the connection processing method disclosed in Patent Document 1 above, if a large magnetizing current is passed, the winding terminal and the power line inserted into the connection terminal due to the impact of the Lorentz force are disconnected or the current is concentrated in the connection part. There is a risk of destruction.

  Moreover, in the case of the wiring process disclosed by the said patent document 2, the winding terminal accommodated in the groove | channel provided in the outer peripheral side of the insulator may jump out outside by Lorentz force. As a result, the extended winding terminal comes into contact with the winding terminal of another phase, the iron core, and the shell portion, and there is a problem that the insulating properties deteriorate. Further, in general, the structure in which the winding terminal is stored in such a groove has a problem that when the stored winding terminal becomes long, the winding terminal may be loosened and easily jump out of the groove depending on work variation.

  Further, in the case of the connection process disclosed in Patent Document 3 described above, since the terminal portion is fixed to each magnetic pole by each lead wire, there is a resistance to shock caused by the magnetizing current, but the coil wire is thick (for example, φ1 5 or more), it is very difficult to twist between the lead wires and entangle them with the locking part. Also, since each magnetic pole is operated, there is a problem that the work time becomes long in the case of a multi-pole stator. is there. Further, since an insulating tube is necessary for insulation, it takes time to insert the tube, and there is a problem that a tube part is necessary and the cost of the part is increased.

  The present invention solves such problems, improves the workability of the connection process of the motor stator, reduces the product unit price, and fixes the winding terminal that can withstand the large current of built-in magnetization. The object of the present invention is to provide a stator for an electric motor having excellent insulation quality.

A stator of an electric motor according to the present invention has a magnetic pole protruding in a radial direction from a cylindrical iron core, and each of the magnetic poles includes an insulator mounted from a cylindrical axial direction of the cylindrical iron core. A coil is wound around the magnetic pole, a circumferential storage groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface parallel to the cylindrical axis at the radially outer end of the insulator, and a winding end of the coil is connected to the storage groove In the stator of the motor routed by
The storage groove is not formed in the substantially central portion of the outer peripheral surface of the insulator in the circumferential direction, the storage groove is formed on both sides of the central portion in the circumferential direction, and a gap is formed on a surface connecting the bottom portions of the storage groove. Protruding structure standing in the cylindrical axis direction,
The winding terminal is routed through the gap into the storage groove.

  The compressor according to the present invention is mounted with the stator of the electric motor according to the present invention.

  According to the stator and compressor of the electric motor according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the workability of the connection process of the electric motor stator, reduce the unit price of the product, and fix the winding terminal that can withstand a large current of built-in magnetization. It is possible to provide a stator for an electric motor that is possible and excellent in insulation quality.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor equipped with a compressor motor to which the stator of the motor according to the present invention is applied. The stator 1 of the electric motor is fixed to the frame 3 of the compressor by shrink fitting. A rotor 2 is located inside the stator 1, a permanent magnet is embedded inside the rotor 2, and the rotor 2 is rotated by the interaction between the magnetic force from the coil of the stator 1 and the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. . The rotation of the rotor 2 compresses the refrigerant in the compression chamber 4 and sends the refrigerant to an external device.

The present invention includes a three-phase concentrated winding method in which a winding is wound through an insulator attached to each of magnetic poles of a cylindrical iron core having 3n (n is a positive integer) magnetic poles protruding in the radial direction, etc. In the following, a concentrated winding method in the case of nine magnetic poles will be described as an example.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the electric motor according to the first embodiment viewed from the axial direction. The stator 7 has a concentrated winding structure having nine magnetic poles, and the rotor 8 has a six-pole IPM (= Interior Permanent Magnet) structure in which six magnets 9 are embedded in a cylindrical iron core. . A shaft hole 10 is provided in the center of the rotor 8, and a shaft press-fitted into the shaft hole is connected to the compression chamber 4 shown in FIG. Resin insulators 5 are attached to the magnetic poles of the stator 7 from above and below in the cylindrical axial direction of the iron core 6, and grooves for aligning the coil wires are provided in the coil wire winding portions. In addition, there are provided protrusions and grooves for storing and fixing the winding end of the coil. A coil 11 is wound around each magnetic pole while ensuring insulation from the iron core 6 by the insulator 5.

  FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a coil wound around each magnetic pole. The winding terminals 12 on the coil winding start side of each phase U (U1, U2, U3), V (V1, V2, V3), W (W1, W2, W3) are collected and connected to one power line 13. ing. Further, the winding terminal 14 on the winding end side is gathered and connected at one place to constitute a neutral point 15, and this connection structure is called a three-parallel star connection. Such a circuit has a feature that the insulation between the coils 11 is superior because the potential difference between the coils 11 of adjacent magnetic poles is small. Further, at the neutral point, the nine winding terminals 14 are not connected to one place, but as shown in FIG. 4, the winding terminals 14 on the winding end side of each of the U phase, V phase, and W phase are set to 1 The same electric motor characteristics can be realized by connecting three by one and connecting three neutral points.

  FIG. 5: is a top view (a) which shows the structure of the insulator of the conventional motor, AA sectional drawing (b), and a side view (c). Moreover, FIG. 6 is a figure which shows the state which fixed the coil | winding terminal of the coil to the accommodation groove | channel using the insulator shown in FIG. The same shape of the insulator 5 is attached to each magnetic pole on the same side in the cylindrical axis direction. Thus, by making all the insulators 5 on the same side in the cylindrical axis direction the same shape, there is no need to invest in a plurality of molds, and it is possible to provide an inexpensive electric motor stator excellent in insulation quality. . FIG. 6 is a view showing only the back surface portion (the portion having the storage groove) of the insulator by linearly developing the insulator 5 arranged in a cylindrical shape. The winding terminal 12 on the winding start side coming out of each coil is led out to the outer peripheral side of the insulator 5 from a drawing groove 17 provided in a part of the outer wall portion 16 at the radially outer end of the insulator 5, and the outer wall portion. It is stored along the three storage grooves 18 in the circumferential direction formed on the outer peripheral surface parallel to the 16 cylindrical shafts, and is drawn around. The U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase winding terminals are collected in one place for each phase, and the upper part of the insulator outer wall portion in the cylindrical axial direction from the winding lead-out portion 19 in which the housing groove 18 of the insulator 5 is partially cut away. Guided in the direction and connected to the power line. The winding end on the winding end side is not shown here.

  FIG. 7 is a front view (a) and a connection diagram (b) for explaining a state in which a rotor magnet is magnetized using a stator. In this example, a magnetic field indicated by the hatched arrow direction in FIG. 7A is generated by passing a current from the U-phase power line to the W-phase power line (indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 7B). And magnetizing the magnet at a position crossing the magnetic field. In order to magnetize all the magnets, the rotor is rotated, the magnets are arranged at appropriate positions, and a current is again passed through the stator coil. When magnetizing, a current of several KA flows through the coil wire. Therefore, a portion where the winding terminal drawn around the storage groove on the outer periphery of the outer wall portion receives the Lorentz force due to the magnetic force generated by the coil wound around the magnetic pole, and greatly disengages from the storage groove (the bold X portion in FIG. 6). This causes a problem of insulation failure due to contact with other winding terminals, iron cores, compressor frames, and the like.

FIG. 8: is the top view (a), BB sectional view (b), and side view (c) which show Embodiment 1 of the insulator used for the stator of the electric motor of this invention. In the first embodiment, the height is more than covering the three storage grooves 18 at the approximate center in the circumferential direction of the outer wall portion 16 at a position close to the outer wall portion 16 at the radially outer end of the insulator 5. The protruding structure 20 is erected so as to be erected in the cylindrical axis direction so that a gap 21 having a fixed dimension is formed on a surface connecting the bottoms of the grooves in which the windings of the storage grooves 18 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer wall portion 16 are received. Provided. FIG. 9 is a diagram in which the winding terminal is routed around the storage groove using the insulator shown in FIG. 8, and the insulator arranged in a cylindrical shape is linearly expanded, and the back surface portion of the insulator (the portion having the storage groove) ) Only. 9 will be described with reference to FIG. The winding terminal 12 on the winding start side coming out of each coil is led out to the outer peripheral surface of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5 from a drawing groove 17 provided in a part of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer wall portion 16. It is accommodated along the three accommodating grooves 18 formed in the circumferential direction provided in and is routed. The winding terminal 12 is routed through at least a part of the gap 21 between the outer peripheral surface of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5 and the protruding structure 20. The U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase winding terminals 12 are gathered in one magnetic pole for each phase, pass through the winding terminal lead-out portion 19 from the gap 21 of the collected magnetic pole insulator 5, and It is pulled out in the direction of the upper cylindrical axis of the outer wall portion 16 and connected to the power line. For example, three lines W drawn upward at the left end in FIG. 9 are drawn from the magnetic pole W3, passed through the uppermost storage groove 18, and wound around the protrusion structure 20 of the insulator of the magnetic pole V3. While being wound around the protrusion structure 20 of the insulator of the magnetic pole V3 through the gap 21 between the outer peripheral surface of the insulator outer wall 16 of the magnetic poles U2 and U3 and the protrusion structure 20 through the lowermost storage groove 18 drawn from W1 and W2. It is composed of two cables drawn upward. The same applies to the other three lines U and V.

  In this way, at the location where the winding terminal 12 receives a force due to magnetization, the winding terminal 12 is routed to the storage groove 18 through the gap 21 between the outer wall portion 16 and the protruding structure 20. Arranged. Even when the length of the winding terminal routed around the storage groove 18 becomes long, the winding terminal 12 is led out to the storage groove 18 and then wound in the middle until it is pulled out in the upper direction of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5. The line terminals 12 are arranged so as to pass through at least some of the gaps 21.

  Also, UVWUVW ... When the winding terminal 12 is pulled out from the magnetic pole arranged continuously and the winding terminal 12 is collected for each phase of the UVW at the back surface of the insulator and pulled out in the upper direction of the insulator, the back surface of the insulator is appropriately Since a portion intersecting the winding terminal 12 between the phases is formed in the storage groove 18, it is necessary to provide insulation between adjacent phases by covering the winding terminal 12 with a tube or the like at the intersecting portion. Therefore, in the case of a three-phase coil structure having 3n (n is a positive integer of 2 or more) magnetic poles, 1 of the winding terminal 12 on the winding start side drawn out in the upper direction of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5. The end of the winding terminal 12 rises from the storage groove 18 of the magnetic pole insulator 3 (n-1) -1 or 3 (n-1) apart from the magnetic pole around which the coil is wound. Winding that can be pulled out together with each phase above the insulator without causing this crossing by pulling out one of the winding terminals 12 of each phase long so as to be guided in the direction of the upper cylindrical axis of the insulator 5 The terminal 12 can be arranged, and the insulation can be maintained by separating the phases without attaching an insulating tube.

According to the first embodiment, the protruding structure 20 is provided at a place where the winding terminal 12 receives a force by magnetization, and the winding terminal 12 connects the bottom portion of the storage groove 18 formed on the outer periphery of the outer wall portion 16. The winding terminal 12 that can withstand a large current of built-in magnetization can be fixed, and an electric motor stator excellent in insulation quality is provided. be able to.

  In addition, since it is possible to insulate between the winding terminals 12 of each phase by simply fixing the winding terminals 12 to the storage grooves 18 without requiring an insulator such as a tube, the workability of the connection process of the motor stator is improved. In addition, an inexpensive motor stator can be configured.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 10: is the top view (a), CC sectional drawing, and side view (c) which show Embodiment 2 of the insulator used for the stator of the electric motor of this invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the groove 22 is formed at the same height as the storage groove 18 on the outer peripheral surface parallel to the cylindrical axis of the protruding structure 20 provided on the outside of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5 via the gap 21. The structure was provided. As shown in the partial cross-sectional view parallel to the paper surface of the outer wall portion 16 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11A, the insulation between the winding terminals 12 drawn around the outside of the protruding structure 20 can be maintained as in the case where the winding terminals 12 are passed through the gap 21.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a winding state of the winding terminal 12 of the third embodiment, and shows the outer wall portion 16 in a cross section parallel to the paper surface. In the third embodiment, with respect to the insulator 5 shown in FIG. 8, the winding terminal 12 is led out into the storage groove 18, and the winding terminal 12 protrudes in the middle of being pulled out in the upper direction of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5. The form wound and fixed to the structure 20 is shown.

  According to the third embodiment, the winding terminal 12 is wound around the protruding structure 20 and fixed while the winding terminal 12 is pulled out in the upper direction of the outer wall portion 16 of the insulator 5, so that the built-in terminal can be securely attached. The winding terminal 12 can be fixed to the insulator 5 so as to be able to withstand a large magnetic current, and an electric motor stator excellent in insulation quality can be provided.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 13: is the top view (a), DD sectional view (b), and side view (c) which show Embodiment 4 of the insulator used for the stator of the electric motor of this invention. In the fourth embodiment, the height of the protruding structure 20 is extended with respect to the insulator of FIG. 10, and a groove 23 is newly provided in the extended portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 14, the winding terminal 12 is raised from the storage groove 18, wound around the protruding structure 20 in a spiral shape, and then pulled out above the insulator 5 through the newly provided groove 23.

  According to the fourth embodiment, since the terminal end connected to the power supply line of the winding terminal 12 is securely fixed to the groove 23 of the protruding structure 20 and the position of the terminal end is determined, the winding terminal is used in the next step. The operation | work which connects 12 termination | terminus parts to a power wire becomes easy.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 15: is the top view (a), EE sectional view (b), and side view (c) which show Embodiment 5 of the insulator used for the stator of the electric motor of this invention. In the fifth embodiment, a protruding structure portion 24 different from the protruding structure 20 is provided in the space above the outer wall portion 16 with respect to the insulator of FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, the winding terminal 14 on the winding end side of each coil is wound around the protruding structure portion 24, and three adjacent magnetic pole coils, U 1, V 1, W 1, U 2, V 2, W 2, and The winding terminals 14 of U3, V3, and W3 are combined at one place and connected by a connector 25. With this configuration, the coil connection structure shown in FIG. 4 can be realized.

  According to the fifth embodiment, separately from the winding terminal 12 on the winding start line side, the winding terminal 14 on the neutral point side on the winding end side is entangled with the protruding structure portion 24, so that the winding terminal is wound. 14 can be securely fixed, and the winding terminal 14 on the neutral point side and the winding terminal 12 on the power line side are separated and fixed at different positions, so that the winding terminal 14 and the winding terminal 12 Can keep the insulation.

  The present invention can be effectively used as a stator of an electric motor incorporated in a compressor such as a highly efficient air conditioner.

It is sectional drawing of the compressor containing the motor for compressors which applies the stator of the motor of this invention. It is the front view which looked at the electric motor of Embodiment 1 from the axial direction. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a coil wound around each magnetic pole in Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a coil wound around each magnetic pole in Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the top view (a) which shows the structure of the insulator of the conventional motor, AA sectional drawing (b), and a side view (c). It is the figure which expand | deployed the arrangement | positioning of the circumferential insulator linearly, and represented only the back surface part (part with a storage groove) of the conventional insulator. It is the front view (a) and connection diagram for demonstrating a mode that the magnet of the rotor is magnetized using the stator. It is the top view (a), BB sectional view (b), and side view (c) which show Embodiment 1 of the insulator used for the stator of the motor of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram in which a winding terminal is routed around a storage groove using the insulator shown in FIG. 8. It is the top view (a), CC sectional drawing, and side view (c) which show Embodiment 2 of the insulator used for the stator of the electric motor of this invention. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view in which a winding terminal is fixed to a storage groove using the insulator according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a routing state of a winding terminal according to a third embodiment. They are the top view (a), DD sectional view (b), and side view (c) which show Embodiment 4 of the insulator used for the stator of the electric motor of this invention. It is the side view which fixed the coil | winding terminal to the accommodation groove | channel using the insulator of Embodiment 4. It is the top view (a), EE sectional view (b), and side view (c) which show Embodiment 4 of the insulator used for the stator of the electric motor of this invention. It is the figure which fixed the coil | winding terminal to the accommodation groove | channel using the insulator of Embodiment 5. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Stator, 2 Rotor, 3 Frame, 4 Compression chamber, 5 Insulator,
6 Iron core, 7 Stator, 8 Rotor, 9 Magnet, 10 Shaft hole, 11 Coil,
12 winding end side winding end, 13 power line, 14 winding end side winding end,
15 neutral point, 16 outer wall, 17 drawer groove, 18 storage groove, 19 winding terminal lead-out part,
20 protrusion structure, 21 gap, 22, 23 groove, 24 protrusion structure part.

Claims (8)

Each of the magnetic poles includes an insulator mounted from the cylindrical axial direction of the cylindrical iron core, and a coil is wound around the magnetic pole via the insulator. In a stator of an electric motor, a circumferential storage groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface parallel to the cylindrical shaft at the radially outer end of the insulator, and a winding terminal of the coil is drawn around the storage groove. ,
The storage groove is not formed in the substantially central portion of the outer peripheral surface of the insulator in the circumferential direction, the storage groove is formed on both sides of the central portion in the circumferential direction, and a gap is formed on a surface connecting the bottom portions of the storage groove. Protruding structure standing in the cylindrical axis direction,
The stator of an electric motor, wherein the winding terminal is routed through the gap into the housing groove. The stator of the electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the protruding structure parallel to the cylindrical axis. The winding terminal on the winding start side is led out to the storage groove, and then at least a part of the winding terminal is wound around the protruding structure and then drawn around the storage groove again. The stator of the electric motor according to claim 1. A groove is formed at a tip of the protruding structure at a position higher than a position of the storage groove, and the storage groove is formed such that a terminal end of the winding terminal is spirally wound around the protruding structure. The stator of the electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator of the motor is pulled up to the outside in the cylindrical axial direction of the insulator through the groove. A protrusion structure portion different from the protrusion structure is provided on a surface perpendicular to the cylindrical axis of the insulator, and a winding terminal on the winding start side of the coil of the winding terminals passes through the storage groove. The coil end of the insulator is pulled out in the cylindrical axial direction, and the winding terminal of the winding end of the winding terminal is entangled with the protruding structure and pulled out of the insulator in the cylindrical axial direction. The stator for an electric motor according to claim 1. The stator for an electric motor according to claim 1, wherein all the insulators attached to the magnetic poles have the same shape. There are 3n magnetic poles (n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2), the coil is composed of a three-phase coil, and in each of the three phases, one of the winding terminals is a magnetic pole wound with a coil. 3 (n-1) -1 or 3 (n-1) magnetic pole insulators separated from the storage groove of the magnetic pole insulator, the terminal end of the winding end rises and is guided in the cylindrical axis direction of the insulator. The stator of the electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator is provided. A compressor having the electric motor stator according to any one of claims 1 to 7 mounted thereon.

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