JP5140931B2 - Vaporizer, fuel cell equipped with vaporizer - Google Patents

Vaporizer, fuel cell equipped with vaporizer Download PDF

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JP5140931B2
JP5140931B2 JP2006043708A JP2006043708A JP5140931B2 JP 5140931 B2 JP5140931 B2 JP 5140931B2 JP 2006043708 A JP2006043708 A JP 2006043708A JP 2006043708 A JP2006043708 A JP 2006043708A JP 5140931 B2 JP5140931 B2 JP 5140931B2
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liquid
absorption part
liquid absorption
vaporizer
absorbing
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JP2007226993A (en
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章仁 神田
康成 椛澤
直知 宮本
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Casio Computer Co Ltd
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Priority to KR1020070017595A priority patent/KR100840447B1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Description

本発明は、液体を気化させる気化装置、気化装置を備えた燃料電池に関する。 The present invention vaporizer for vaporizing the liquid relates to fuel cells having a vaporizer.

近年、エネルギー変換効率の高いクリーンな電源として燃料電池が注目されるようになり、燃料電池自動車や電化住宅などに幅広く実用化されてきている。また、急速に小型化の研究開発が進められている携帯電話機やノート型パーソナルコンピュータなどといった携帯型電子機器においても、燃料電池による電源の実用化が検討されている。   In recent years, fuel cells have attracted attention as clean power sources with high energy conversion efficiency, and have been widely put into practical use in fuel cell automobiles and electrified houses. In addition, in portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and notebook personal computers, for which research and development for miniaturization are rapidly progressing, practical application of a power source using a fuel cell is being considered.

燃料電池は改質方式と燃料直接方式の２つに分類される。改質方式は、例えば水蒸気改質のように、燃料と水から改質器で水素を生成した後に、生成水素を燃料電池に供給する方式であり、燃料直接方式は、燃料と水を改質せずに燃料電池に供給する方式である。燃料及び水は一般的に液体の状態で貯留され、その燃料や水を気化させた後に、その燃料と水の混合気を改質器に供給している。そのため、燃料や水を気化させる気化装置が必要であり、そのような気化装置についての研究開発が燃料電池の開発にあわせて行われている（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２参照。）。
特開２００４−４７２６０号公報 特開２００１−２６３６４９号公報 Fuel cells are classified into two types: reforming and direct fuel. The reforming method is a method in which hydrogen is generated from a fuel and water by a reformer, for example, steam reforming, and then the generated hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell. The direct fuel method reforms the fuel and water. This is a method of supplying the fuel cell without using it. Fuel and water are generally stored in a liquid state, and after the fuel and water are vaporized, a mixture of the fuel and water is supplied to the reformer. Therefore, a vaporizer that vaporizes fuel and water is necessary, and research and development on such a vaporizer is being conducted in conjunction with the development of fuel cells (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
JP 2004-47260 A JP 2001-263649 A

ところで、このような気化装置を小型にすればするほど、流量が小さくなるために燃料や水を過熱しやすい構造のために、燃料や水が気化する際に燃料又は水が不規則に突沸し、気化した液体に液滴が混じってしまいやすく安定して気化する制御が難しい。特に燃料と水は互いに沸点が異なる場合、燃料と水の混合液は組成比によっては共沸点を持たないため、沸点の低い方が加熱されやすく、突沸の要因となっていた。
このような不安定要因は、後段の改質器や燃料電池を配置した場合、改質器での改質性能又は燃料電池での発電性能を不安定にしてしまう。
また、異なる沸点の液体をそれぞれ別体の加熱手段を用いて異なる温度で加熱すると、気化装置自体が大きくなってしまうといった弊害もあった。
そこで、本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決しようとしてなされたものであり、複数種類の液体を気化させるに際して、混合気を安定した流量で効率的に供給することができる気化装置及び気化方法を提供することを目的とする。 By the way, the smaller the size of such a vaporizer, the smaller the flow rate, and the more easily the fuel and water are overheated. Therefore, when the fuel or water vaporizes, the fuel or water bumps irregularly. Therefore, it is difficult to control the vaporization in a stable manner because liquid droplets are likely to be mixed with the vaporized liquid. In particular, when the boiling points of fuel and water are different from each other, the mixed liquid of fuel and water does not have an azeotropic point depending on the composition ratio.
Such an instability factor makes the reforming performance of the reformer or the power generation performance of the fuel cell unstable when a rear-stage reformer or fuel cell is arranged.
In addition, when liquids having different boiling points are heated at different temperatures using separate heating means, the vaporizer itself becomes large.
Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a vaporization apparatus and vaporization capable of efficiently supplying an air-fuel mixture at a stable flow rate when vaporizing a plurality of types of liquids. It aims to provide a method.

以上の課題を解決するために、請求項１に記載の気化装置は、
一端部と他端部とが開口を有する筒状の仕切り部と、
前記他端部側から第２液体を吸収し、外周面が前記仕切り部の内周面に密接している第２の吸液部と、
前記他端部側から前記第２液体より沸点が高い第１液体を吸収し、内周面が前記仕切り部の外周面に密接している第１の吸液部と、
内周面が前記第１の吸液部の外周面に密接している収容部と、
前記収容部の外周面に密接して設けられ、前記第１の吸液部及び前記第２の吸液部を加熱し前記第１液体及び前記第２液体を気化する発熱体と、
を備えることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the vaporizer according to claim 1 is:
A cylindrical partition having an opening at one end and the other end ;
Absorbs second liquid body from said other end, and a second liquid suction portion outer peripheral surface that is closely to the inner circumferential surface of the partition portion,
A first liquid-absorbing part that absorbs a first liquid having a boiling point higher than that of the second liquid from the other end side, and an inner peripheral surface of which is in close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the partition;
An accommodating portion whose inner circumferential surface is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the first liquid-absorbing portion;
Closely provided on the outer peripheral surface of the receiving portion, a heating element for vaporizing the first liquid suction portion and the second liquid suction unit heating the first liquid member and the second liquid body,
It is characterized by providing.

請求項２の気化装置は、請求項１に記載の気化装置において、前記第１の吸液部の一端部及び前記第２の吸液部の一端部が連通する空間が設けられていることを特徴とする。 The vaporizer according to claim 2 is the vaporizer according to claim 1 , wherein a space is provided in which one end of the first liquid absorption part and one end of the second liquid absorption part communicate with each other. Features.

請求項３の気化装置は、請求項１又は２に記載の気化装置において、前記発熱体は、前記第１の吸液部の一端部を前記第１液体の沸点以上に加熱するとともに前記第１の吸液部の他端部を前記第１液体の沸点未満に設定し、前記第２の吸液部の一端部を前記第２液体の沸点以上に加熱するとともに前記第２の吸液部の他端部を前記第２液体の沸点未満に設定することを特徴とする。 Vaporizing apparatus according to claim 3, in the vaporization apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating element, the while heating the end portion of the first liquid suction portion above the boiling point of the first liquid member first the other end portion of the first liquid suction portion is set to less than the boiling point of the first liquid member, the second intake with heating the end portion of the second liquid suction section above the boiling point of the second liquid member and sets the other end of the liquid portion to less than the boiling point of the second liquid member.

請求項４の気化装置は、請求項１〜３の何れか一項に記載の気化装置において、前記発熱体は、前記第１の吸液部を介して前記第２の吸液部を加熱することを特徴とする。
請求項５の燃料電池は、請求項１〜４の何れか一項に記載の気化装置を備えることを特徴とする。 The vaporization apparatus according to claim 4 is the vaporization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the heating element heats the second liquid absorption part via the first liquid absorption part. It is characterized by that.
A fuel cell according to a fifth aspect includes the vaporization device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects.

本発明によれば、発熱体によって効率的に各液体を混じらせることなく安定して気化することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to stably vaporize the liquid without efficiently mixing the liquids by the heating element.

以下に、本発明を実施するための最良の形態について図面を用いて説明する。但し、以下に述べる実施形態には、本発明を実施するために技術的に好ましい種々の限定が付されているが、発明の範囲を以下の実施形態及び図示例に限定するものではない。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, although various technically preferable limitations for implementing the present invention are given to the embodiments described below, the scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

〔第１の実施の形態〕
図１は、気化装置１の略断面図であり、図２は、気化装置１の上面、正面、右側面を示した分解斜視図である。 [First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vaporizer 1, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an upper surface, a front surface, and a right side surface of the vaporizer 1.

図１、図２に示すように、この気化装置１は、第１の吸液部３、第２の吸液部２、仕切部４、収縮性チューブ５、弾性チューブ６、第１液導入部７、第２液導入部１３、排出部８、断熱ケース９、発熱体１０及び温度センサ１１を備える。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vaporizer 1 includes a first liquid absorption part 3, a second liquid absorption part 2, a partition part 4, a contractible tube 5, an elastic tube 6, and a first liquid introduction part. 7, a second liquid introduction part 13, a discharge part 8, a heat insulating case 9, a heating element 10 and a temperature sensor 11.

第２の吸液部２は、棒状、具体的には円柱状に形成された芯材である。第２の吸液部２は、内部に微小空間が形成された多孔質体であり、毛細管現象で液体を吸収し得るものである。第２の吸液部２は、無機繊維又は有機繊維を結合材（例えば、エポキシ樹脂）で固めたものであったり、無機粉末を焼結したものであったり、無機粉末を結合材（例えば、エポキシ樹脂）で固めたものであったり、グラファイトとグラッシーカーボンの混合体であってもよく、また、第２の吸液部２は、無機繊維又は有機繊維からなる多数本の糸材を束ねて結合材で固めたものでも良い。例えば、第２の吸液部２としては、アクリル系繊維束芯を用いることができる。また、上記材料を複数種混合して第２の吸液部２として用いてもよい。   The 2nd liquid absorption part 2 is a core material formed in rod shape, specifically a column shape. The 2nd liquid absorption part 2 is a porous body in which micro space was formed inside, and can absorb a liquid by capillary action. The second liquid-absorbing part 2 is formed by solidifying inorganic fibers or organic fibers with a binder (for example, epoxy resin), sintered inorganic powder, or inorganic powder with a binder (for example, Epoxy resin) or a mixture of graphite and glassy carbon, and the second liquid-absorbing part 2 is a bundle of a large number of yarns made of inorganic fibers or organic fibers. It may be hardened with a binder. For example, an acrylic fiber bundle core can be used as the second liquid absorption part 2. A plurality of the above materials may be mixed and used as the second liquid absorption part 2.

この第２の吸液部２が円筒状の仕切部４に嵌入され、吸液部２の前端及び後端を開放するとともに外側を仕切部４が覆っている。この仕切部４は、第２の吸液部２で吸液される液体及び第１の吸液部３で吸液される液体に対して不透過性であり、発熱体１０での発熱によって変形、劣化しない材料で形成され、例えば、ステンレス鋼（ＳＵＳ３１６）のような金属材料を円管状に設けたものであり、図１の面と直交する方向での仕切部４と第２の吸液部２の断面形状が同心となり、第２の吸液部２の外周面が仕切部４の内周面に密接している。第２の吸液部２の長さが仕切部４の長さに等しく、第２の吸液部２の両端面が仕切部４の両端面に揃っている。   The second liquid absorption part 2 is fitted into the cylindrical partition part 4, the front end and the rear end of the liquid absorption part 2 are opened, and the partition part 4 covers the outside. The partition 4 is impermeable to the liquid sucked by the second liquid sucking section 2 and the liquid sucked by the first liquid sucking section 3, and is deformed by the heat generated by the heating element 10. , Formed of a material that does not deteriorate, for example, a metal material such as stainless steel (SUS316) provided in a circular tube shape, and a partition portion 4 and a second liquid absorbing portion in a direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. The cross-sectional shape of 2 is concentric, and the outer peripheral surface of the second liquid absorbing portion 2 is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the partition portion 4. The length of the second liquid absorption part 2 is equal to the length of the partition part 4, and both end faces of the second liquid absorption part 2 are aligned with both end faces of the partition part 4.

第１の吸液部３は、内部に第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４が挿入される空間を有する円筒状に形成され、内部空間の周囲を包囲する多孔質体であり、毛細管現象で液体を吸収し得るものであり、上述した第２の吸液部２と同様の部材で形成されている。第１の吸液部３の内壁には、外側を仕切部４で覆われた第２の吸液部２が嵌入され、図１の面と直交する方向での第２の吸液部２と第１の吸液部３の断面形状が同心となり、仕切部４によって第１の吸液部３と第２の吸液部２が仕切られている。このため、第１の吸液部３で浸透された液体は仕切部４を介して第２の吸液部２に移動することがなく、第２の吸液部２で浸透された液体は仕切部４を介して第１の吸液部３に移動することがない。第１の吸液部３の内径と仕切部４の外径が略等しく、第１の吸液部３の内周面が仕切部４の外周面に密接している。このように第２の吸液部２、仕切部４及び第１の吸液部３が同心となるよう半径方向に積層されている。   The first liquid-absorbing part 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a space in which the second liquid-absorbing part 2 and the partitioning part 4 are inserted, and is a porous body surrounding the inner space, and is a capillary phenomenon. It can absorb liquid and is formed of the same member as the second liquid absorbing part 2 described above. On the inner wall of the first liquid-absorbing part 3, the second liquid-absorbing part 2 whose outer side is covered with the partition part 4 is fitted, and the second liquid-absorbing part 2 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. The cross-sectional shape of the first liquid absorption part 3 is concentric, and the first liquid absorption part 3 and the second liquid absorption part 2 are partitioned by the partition part 4. For this reason, the liquid that has permeated through the first liquid-absorbing unit 3 does not move to the second liquid-absorbing unit 2 via the partition unit 4, and the liquid that has permeated through the second liquid-absorbing unit 2 is not partitioned. There is no movement to the first liquid absorption part 3 via the part 4. The inner diameter of the first liquid-absorbing part 3 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the partition part 4, and the inner peripheral surface of the first liquid-absorbing part 3 is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the partition part 4. Thus, the 2nd liquid absorption part 2, the partition part 4, and the 1st liquid absorption part 3 are laminated | stacked on the radial direction so that it may become concentric.

また、第１の吸液部３の長さは第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４の長さよりも短く、第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４の一部が第１の吸液部３の後端から突き出た位置にあり、第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４の前端が第１の吸液部３の前端に揃っている。   Moreover, the length of the 1st liquid absorption part 3 is shorter than the length of the 2nd liquid absorption part 2 and the partition part 4, and a part of 2nd liquid absorption part 2 and the partition part 4 is 1st liquid absorption. At the position protruding from the rear end of the part 3, the front ends of the second liquid absorbing part 2 and the partition part 4 are aligned with the front end of the first liquid absorbing part 3.

この仕切部４及び第２の吸液部２が嵌合された第１の吸液部３が収縮性チューブ５に嵌入されて、第１の吸液部３の外周面が収縮性チューブ５に密接している。収縮性チューブ５の長さは第１の吸液部３の長さよりも短く、第１の吸液部３の両端がそれぞれ収縮性チューブ５のそれぞれの端から突き出た位置にある。収縮性チューブ５は、ポリオレフィン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン等の加熱前に熱収縮性を有する材料を熱収縮して第１の吸液部３に隙間なく密着している。このとき、収縮性チューブ５は、第１の吸液部３の側壁に含浸して第１の吸液部３の多孔から液体が外に漏洩しないようになっている。   The first liquid-absorbing part 3 into which the partition part 4 and the second liquid-absorbing part 2 are fitted is fitted into the contractible tube 5, and the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid-absorbing part 3 is attached to the contractible tube 5. Close. The length of the contractible tube 5 is shorter than the length of the first liquid absorbing part 3, and both ends of the first liquid absorbing part 3 are in positions protruding from the respective ends of the contractible tube 5. The shrinkable tube 5 heat-shrinks a material having heat-shrinkability before heating, such as polyolefin and polyvinylidene fluoride, and is in close contact with the first liquid-absorbing part 3 without a gap. At this time, the shrinkable tube 5 is impregnated into the side wall of the first liquid absorption part 3 so that the liquid does not leak out from the pores of the first liquid absorption part 3.

第１液導入部７は、前端及び後端が開口されており、その前端開口の内径は第１の吸液部３の外径に略等しく、その後端開口の内径は仕切部４の外径に略等しい。第１液導入部７の前端開口部に第１の吸液部３の後端が嵌め込まれ、収縮性チューブ５の一部も第１液導入部７の前端開口部に嵌め込まれている。第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４が嵌合されている第１の吸液部３は、柔軟な場合、収縮性チューブ５によって若干縮んでいてもよく、この状態で第１の吸液部３の後端が、第１液導入部７の前端開口部に収容されている。第１液導入部７の前端は、収縮性チューブ５の後端を重なるように覆っているため、第１の吸液部３が露出されることはない。第１の吸液部３の硬度が高く変形しにくい場合でも収縮性チューブ５が十分応力の緩衝材となるので、第１液導入部７は第１の吸液部３と良好に密着することができる。   The first liquid introduction part 7 has a front end and a rear end that are open. The inner diameter of the front end opening is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the first liquid absorption part 3, and the inner diameter of the rear end opening is the outer diameter of the partition part 4. Is approximately equal to The rear end of the first liquid absorption part 3 is fitted into the front end opening of the first liquid introduction part 7, and a part of the contractible tube 5 is also fitted into the front end opening of the first liquid introduction part 7. If the first liquid absorption part 2 and the partition part 4 are fitted to each other, the first liquid absorption part 3 may be slightly shrunk by the shrinkable tube 5 when it is flexible. In this state, the first liquid absorption part 3 The rear end of the part 3 is accommodated in the front end opening of the first liquid introduction part 7. Since the front end of the first liquid introduction part 7 covers the rear end of the shrinkable tube 5 so as to overlap, the first liquid absorption part 3 is not exposed. Even if the hardness of the first liquid absorption part 3 is high and hardly deformed, the shrinkable tube 5 serves as a buffer material with sufficient stress, so that the first liquid introduction part 7 is in good contact with the first liquid absorption part 3. Can do.

第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４は第１液導入部７の後端開口部から延出されているように嵌め込まれている。第１の吸液部３の後端面は第１液導入部７後端の底７４から離れており、第１液導入部７の底７４と第１の吸液部３の後端面との間にはリング状の空間７１が形成されている。空間７１の中央を第２の吸液部２が貫通し、第２の吸液部２が仕切部４に挿入されている。第１液導入部７は後端開口部の縁においてゴム状のオーリング１２が設けられており、第１液導入部７と仕切部４は互いに隙間なく密着されているので、空間７１内に充填される第１液体αは第１液導入部７と仕切部４との間から漏洩することがない。   The second liquid absorption part 2 and the partition part 4 are fitted so as to extend from the rear end opening of the first liquid introduction part 7. The rear end surface of the first liquid absorption part 3 is separated from the bottom 74 of the rear end of the first liquid introduction part 7, and is between the bottom 74 of the first liquid introduction part 7 and the rear end face of the first liquid absorption part 3. Is formed with a ring-shaped space 71. The second liquid absorption part 2 passes through the center of the space 71, and the second liquid absorption part 2 is inserted into the partition part 4. The first liquid introduction part 7 is provided with a rubber-like O-ring 12 at the edge of the rear end opening, and the first liquid introduction part 7 and the partition part 4 are in close contact with each other without any gap. The first liquid α to be filled does not leak from between the first liquid introduction part 7 and the partition part 4.

第１液導入部７の側壁には第１液導入口７２が凸設され、その第１液導入口７２の中心軸に沿って第１液導入口７２の先端から第１液導入部７の内周面まで導入孔７３が貫通し、その導入孔７３が空間７１に通じ、ここから第１液体αが空間７１内に導入される。なお、第１液導入部７は、第１液体αの沸点において、劣化、変形せず、第１液体αの接触により腐蝕しない樹脂、金属で又はセラミックである。第１液導入口７２は、第１液体αを送出するための図示しないチューブに連結されている。   A first liquid introduction port 72 protrudes from the side wall of the first liquid introduction unit 7 and extends from the tip of the first liquid introduction port 72 along the central axis of the first liquid introduction port 72. The introduction hole 73 penetrates to the inner peripheral surface, the introduction hole 73 communicates with the space 71, and the first liquid α is introduced into the space 71 from here. The first liquid introduction part 7 is a resin, metal, or ceramic that does not deteriorate or deform at the boiling point of the first liquid α and does not corrode by contact with the first liquid α. The first liquid inlet 72 is connected to a tube (not shown) for delivering the first liquid α.

第１液導入部７から突き出た仕切部４の後端は、第２液導入部１３に覆われている。第２液導入部１３は、内部の空間１６を仕切る筒状管であり、その後端には第２液導入口１５が設けられ、第２液導入口１５は第２液体βを送出するための図示しないチューブに連結されている。第２液体βは、第２液導入口１５から導入される第２の吸液部２により吸い込まれる。第２液導入部１３は、仕切部４と接合又は接着されており、仕切部４や第２の吸液部２と膨張係数が近似していることが好ましい。第２液導入部１３は、第１液導入部７と接するように仕切部４を嵌め込んでいてもよい。   The rear end of the partition part 4 protruding from the first liquid introduction part 7 is covered with the second liquid introduction part 13. The second liquid introduction part 13 is a cylindrical tube that partitions the internal space 16, and a second liquid introduction port 15 is provided at the rear end thereof, and the second liquid introduction port 15 is used for delivering the second liquid β. It is connected to a tube (not shown). The second liquid β is sucked in by the second liquid absorption part 2 introduced from the second liquid introduction port 15. It is preferable that the 2nd liquid introduction part 13 is joined or adhere | attached with the partition part 4, and the partition part 4 and the 2nd liquid absorption part 2 have an expansion coefficient approximate. The second liquid introduction part 13 may be fitted with the partition part 4 so as to be in contact with the first liquid introduction part 7.

排出部８は、後方に位置する筒状の収容部８１と、収容部８１に連なって前方に位置する排出口８２と、収容部８１と排出口８２の継目外縁から突出したフランジ部８３とを一体に成形したものである。排出部８は、収容部８１の後端及び排出口８２の前端が開口され、排出口８２の外径は収容部８１の外径よりも小さく、排出口８２の開口部の内径は収容部８１の開口部の内径よりも小さい。   The discharge portion 8 includes a cylindrical storage portion 81 positioned at the rear, a discharge port 82 positioned in front of the storage portion 81, and a flange portion 83 protruding from the joint outer edge of the storage portion 81 and the discharge port 82. It is molded integrally. The discharge portion 8 is opened at the rear end of the storage portion 81 and the front end of the discharge port 82, the outer diameter of the discharge port 82 is smaller than the outer diameter of the storage portion 81, and the inner diameter of the opening portion of the discharge port 82 is the storage portion 81. Smaller than the inner diameter of the opening.

収容部８１は、第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４が挿入された第１の吸液部３の前方部を、第１の吸液部３の前方部側壁に密着するように収容している。このとき、収容部８１の後端は、収縮性チューブ５の前端を重なるように覆っているため、第１の吸液部３が露出されることはない。第１の吸液部３の硬度が高く変形しにくい場合でも収縮性チューブ５が十分応力の緩衝材となるので、排出部８は第１の吸液部３と良好に密着することができる。   The accommodating part 81 accommodates the front part of the first liquid absorbing part 3 into which the second liquid absorbing part 2 and the partition part 4 are inserted so as to be in close contact with the front side wall of the first liquid absorbing part 3. ing. At this time, since the rear end of the accommodating portion 81 covers the front end of the shrinkable tube 5 so as to overlap, the first liquid absorbing portion 3 is not exposed. Even when the hardness of the first liquid-absorbing part 3 is high and hardly deformed, the shrinkable tube 5 becomes a buffer material with sufficient stress, so that the discharge part 8 can be in good contact with the first liquid-absorbing part 3.

この排出部８は熱伝導率が１０（Ｗ・ｍ−１Ｋ−１）以上と高く、第１液体αや混合気γ（第２液体βの気体と第１液体αの気体の混合気）に対して、腐蝕や変形しにくい材料からなり、例えば、黄銅又は銅のような金属からなる。 The discharge unit 8 has a high thermal conductivity of 10 (W · m −1 K −1 ) or more, and the first liquid α or the mixture γ (the mixture of the gas of the second liquid β and the gas of the first liquid α). On the other hand, it is made of a material that is not easily corroded or deformed, and is made of, for example, a metal such as brass or copper.

そして、エラストマー性の弾性チューブ６が、第１液導入部７と収縮性チューブ５との継ぎ目から、排出部８と収縮性チューブ５との継ぎ目まで覆うように嵌め込まれている。つまり収容部８１には第１の吸液部３が第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４とともに嵌め込まれ、第１の吸液部３の収縮性チューブ５から突き出た部分の外周面が収容部８１の内面に接しており、収容部８１の一部が弾性チューブ６に挿入され、収容部８１が弾性チューブ６の内周面と第１の吸液部３の外周面との間に挟まれている。このように弾性チューブ６は、収縮性チューブ５、第１液導入部７、排出部８に対して隙間がないように密着している。   The elastomeric elastic tube 6 is fitted so as to cover from the joint between the first liquid introduction part 7 and the shrinkable tube 5 to the joint between the discharge part 8 and the shrinkable tube 5. That is, the first liquid-absorbing part 3 is fitted together with the second liquid-absorbing part 2 and the partition part 4 in the accommodating part 81, and the outer peripheral surface of the portion protruding from the contractible tube 5 of the first liquid-absorbing part 3 is accommodated. A portion of the accommodating portion 81 is inserted into the elastic tube 6, and the accommodating portion 81 is sandwiched between the inner peripheral surface of the elastic tube 6 and the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid absorbing portion 3. It is. As described above, the elastic tube 6 is in close contact with the shrinkable tube 5, the first liquid introduction unit 7, and the discharge unit 8 so that there is no gap.

弾性チューブ６の長さは第１の吸液部３の長さよりも短く、収容部８１の側壁の前方が弾性チューブ６から突き出ている。なお、収縮性チューブ５と弾性チューブ６の二重構造にしなくとも、収縮性チューブ５又は弾性チューブ６の一方だけで第１液体α又は第１液体αが気化された気体が漏洩していなければ一方だけを設けるだけでも良い。また、第１の吸液部３の外周面に被膜等を施すことによって第１の吸液部３の外周面から液体や気体が滲み出ないようにすれば、収縮性チューブ５と弾性チューブ６の両方がなくても良い。   The length of the elastic tube 6 is shorter than the length of the first liquid absorption part 3, and the front side of the side wall of the accommodating part 81 protrudes from the elastic tube 6. Even if the double structure of the shrinkable tube 5 and the elastic tube 6 is not used, the first liquid α or the gas in which the first liquid α is vaporized does not leak from only the shrinkable tube 5 or the elastic tube 6. Only one side may be provided. If the liquid or gas does not ooze out from the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid-absorbing part 3 by applying a coating or the like on the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid-absorbing part 3, the shrinkable tube 5 and the elastic tube 6 are used. There is no need for both.

以上のように、収縮性チューブ５、弾性チューブ６、第１液導入部７及び排出部８がそれぞれ配管となっているので、収縮性チューブ５、弾性チューブ６、第１液導入部７及び排出部８、第２液導入部１３の内部空間に、第１の吸液部３及び第２の吸液部２は仕切部４によって互いに隔絶されて収容されている。なお、収縮性チューブ５及び弾性チューブ６の代わりに、第１液体αに対して不透過性の被膜を第１の吸液部３の外周面に施した場合、その被膜、第１液導入部７及び排出部８が第１の吸液部３、第２の吸液部２及び仕切部４を収容する管として機能する。   As described above, since the shrinkable tube 5, the elastic tube 6, the first liquid introduction part 7 and the discharge part 8 are respectively pipes, the shrinkable tube 5, the elastic tube 6, the first liquid introduction part 7 and the discharge are provided. In the internal space of the part 8 and the second liquid introduction part 13, the first liquid absorbing part 3 and the second liquid absorbing part 2 are separated from each other by the partition part 4 and accommodated. In addition, instead of the shrinkable tube 5 and the elastic tube 6, when a coating film that is impermeable to the first liquid α is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid absorbing section 3, the coating film, the first liquid introducing section 7 and the discharge part 8 function as a tube for accommodating the first liquid absorption part 3, the second liquid absorption part 2 and the partition part 4.

第２の吸液部２、第１の吸液部３及び仕切部４の前端面は排出部８の底８６から離れており、これらの端面と排出部８の底８６との間には空間８４が形成されている。この空間８４は排出口８２の排出孔８２ａに通じている。排出口８２は、混合気γを送出するための図示しないチューブに連結されている。   The front end surfaces of the second liquid absorption unit 2, the first liquid absorption unit 3, and the partition unit 4 are separated from the bottom 86 of the discharge unit 8, and there is a space between these end surfaces and the bottom 86 of the discharge unit 8. 84 is formed. This space 84 communicates with the discharge hole 82 a of the discharge port 82. The discharge port 82 is connected to a tube (not shown) for sending the mixture γ.

排出部８の収容部８１には、加熱コイル等のヒータである発熱体１０が巻かれ、発熱体１０と収容部８１が接している。収容部８１に発熱体１０が巻かれているので、第１の吸液部３が第２の吸液部２よりも発熱体１０に近い。発熱体１０は電熱材からなり、電圧が印加されると発熱する抵抗体である。例えば、ニッケル−コバルト線を発熱体１０として用いることができる。発熱体１０はセラミック接着剤、エポキシ接着剤等の耐熱性の接着剤１４によって被覆され、接着剤１４によって発熱体１０が収容部８１に固着されている。なお、発熱体１０をセラミックヒータに代えても良いし、発熱体１０とセラミックヒータを併用しても良い。   A heating element 10, which is a heater such as a heating coil, is wound around the accommodating part 81 of the discharge part 8, and the heating element 10 and the accommodating part 81 are in contact with each other. Since the heating element 10 is wound around the housing part 81, the first liquid absorbing part 3 is closer to the heating element 10 than the second liquid absorbing part 2. The heating element 10 is made of an electrothermal material and is a resistor that generates heat when a voltage is applied. For example, a nickel-cobalt wire can be used as the heating element 10. The heating element 10 is covered with a heat-resistant adhesive 14 such as a ceramic adhesive or an epoxy adhesive, and the heating element 10 is fixed to the housing portion 81 with the adhesive 14. The heating element 10 may be replaced with a ceramic heater, or the heating element 10 and a ceramic heater may be used in combination.

排出部８のフランジ部８３には、半径方向に穿孔された挿入穴８５が形成されている。この挿入穴８５は収容部８１や排出口８２の内部空間にまでは至らず、挿入穴８５の底が第２の吸液部２の端面の近傍にまで至っている。温度センサ１１が挿入穴８５に挿入され、温度センサ１１が第１の吸液部３の端面近傍に位置し、これにより温度センサ１１が排出部８に埋め込まれている。温度センサ１１は、熱電対、サーミスタ又は測温抵抗体である。温度センサ１１は周囲と絶縁するために絶縁体で被覆されている。温度センサ１１は排出部８や接着剤１４を介して伝わる発熱体１０の発熱に応じた温度を検出する。   The flange portion 83 of the discharge portion 8 is formed with an insertion hole 85 drilled in the radial direction. The insertion hole 85 does not reach the internal space of the accommodating portion 81 or the discharge port 82, and the bottom of the insertion hole 85 reaches the vicinity of the end surface of the second liquid absorbing portion 2. The temperature sensor 11 is inserted into the insertion hole 85, and the temperature sensor 11 is positioned in the vicinity of the end surface of the first liquid absorption part 3, whereby the temperature sensor 11 is embedded in the discharge part 8. The temperature sensor 11 is a thermocouple, a thermistor, or a resistance temperature detector. The temperature sensor 11 is covered with an insulator to insulate it from the surroundings. The temperature sensor 11 detects a temperature corresponding to the heat generation of the heating element 10 transmitted through the discharge unit 8 and the adhesive 14.

発熱体１０が加熱されると、発熱体１０から収容部８１に伝搬された熱によって第１の吸液部３に浸透された第１液体αは第１の吸液部３の前端面から気化されて空間８４に放出され、さらに、発熱体１０からの熱は仕切部４を介して第２の吸液部２まで伝搬して、第２の吸液部２に浸透された第２液体βは第２の吸液部２の前端面から気化されて空間８４に放出されて、第１液体αが気化された気体と混合し、この混合気γが空間８４内に充満して排出口８２の排出孔８２ａから排出される。このように、空間８４は複数の気体を混合するための空間として適用される。   When the heating element 10 is heated, the first liquid α permeated into the first liquid absorbing part 3 by the heat propagated from the heating element 10 to the housing part 81 is vaporized from the front end surface of the first liquid absorbing part 3. Then, the heat from the heating element 10 propagates to the second liquid absorption part 2 through the partition part 4 and is penetrated into the second liquid absorption part 2. Is vaporized from the front end face of the second liquid absorption part 2 and discharged into the space 84, and the first liquid α is mixed with the vaporized gas, and the mixed gas γ is filled in the space 84 and discharged into the discharge port 82. It is discharged from the discharge hole 82a. Thus, the space 84 is applied as a space for mixing a plurality of gases.

第２の吸液部２は、第１の吸液部３及び仕切部４を介しているため、第２の吸液部２の加熱温度は、第１の吸液部３の加熱温度より低くなるように設定されていることが好ましい。この場合、より高温に加熱される第１液体αは、より低温に加熱される第２液体βよりも沸点の高い材料であることが好ましい。   Since the 2nd liquid absorption part 2 is passing through the 1st liquid absorption part 3 and the partition part 4, the heating temperature of the 2nd liquid absorption part 2 is lower than the heating temperature of the 1st liquid absorption part 3 It is preferable to set so as to be. In this case, the first liquid α heated to a higher temperature is preferably a material having a higher boiling point than the second liquid β heated to a lower temperature.

断熱ケース９は、発熱体１０、発熱体１０で加熱される第１の吸液部３の前方及び第２の吸液部２の前方の熱をできるだけ外部に逃がさないように、発熱体１０、第１の吸液部３の前方及び第２の吸液部２の前方を包囲するものである。また排出部８の収容部８１とフランジ部８３が断熱ケース９内に収容されている。   The heat insulating case 9 includes a heat generating element 10, a heat generating element 10, a heat generating element 10, a heat generating element 10, a front part of the first liquid absorbing part 3 heated by the heat generating element 10 and a front part of the second liquid absorbing part 2. The front side of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the front side of the second liquid absorption part 2 are surrounded. Further, the accommodating portion 81 and the flange portion 83 of the discharge portion 8 are accommodated in the heat insulating case 9.

第１の吸液部３の全体及び第２の吸液部２の全体を加熱されてしまうと、第１の吸液部３の後端面から第１液体αが気化され、第２の吸液部２の後端面から第２液体βが気化されてしまう。これらの気泡は、第１の吸液部３の第１液体αの浸透を阻害、又は第２の吸液部２の第２液体βの浸透を阻害し、排出口８２からの混合気γの排出量を不安定にしてしまう。第１の吸液部３の後方及び第２の吸液部２の後方は、断熱ケース９によって覆われていないので、第１の吸液部３の後方及び第２の吸液部２の後方は比較的速やかに放熱されやすい構造となっており、第１の吸液部３の後方は第１液体αの沸点に達することがなく、第２の吸液部２の後方は第２液体βの沸点に達することがない。   When the entire first liquid absorption part 3 and the entire second liquid absorption part 2 are heated, the first liquid α is vaporized from the rear end surface of the first liquid absorption part 3, and the second liquid absorption part The second liquid β is vaporized from the rear end surface of the portion 2. These bubbles inhibit the penetration of the first liquid α in the first liquid absorption part 3 or inhibit the penetration of the second liquid β in the second liquid absorption part 2. Displacement becomes unstable. Since the rear of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the rear of the second liquid absorption part 2 are not covered by the heat insulating case 9, the rear of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the rear of the second liquid absorption part 2. Has a structure in which heat is radiated relatively quickly, the rear of the first liquid absorption part 3 does not reach the boiling point of the first liquid α, and the rear of the second liquid absorption part 2 is the second liquid β. The boiling point of is never reached.

そして発熱体１０は、第１の吸液部３の前方を第１液体αの沸点に達するように加熱し、第２の吸液部２の前方を第２液体βの沸点に達するように加熱している。したがって、第１の吸液部３の前端面から第１液体αが気化されると、第１の吸液部３の毛細管現象によって第１の吸液部３の後方に充填された第１液体αが第１の吸液部３の前方に向かって自発的に移動することになり、第２の吸液部２の前端面から第２液体βが気化されると、第２の吸液部２の毛細管現象によって第２の吸液部２の後方に充填された第２液体βが第２の吸液部２の前方に向かって自発的に移動することになる。   The heating element 10 heats the front of the first liquid absorption part 3 to reach the boiling point of the first liquid α, and heats the front of the second liquid absorption part 2 to reach the boiling point of the second liquid β. doing. Therefore, when the first liquid α is vaporized from the front end surface of the first liquid absorption part 3, the first liquid filled behind the first liquid absorption part 3 by the capillary phenomenon of the first liquid absorption part 3. When α moves spontaneously toward the front of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the second liquid β is vaporized from the front end surface of the second liquid absorption part 2, the second liquid absorption part The second liquid β filled behind the second liquid absorbing part 2 spontaneously moves toward the front of the second liquid absorbing part 2 due to the second capillary phenomenon.

断熱ケース９は、上面側のケース９１及び下面側の下ケース９２が組み合わされることにより、断熱ケース９の内部に収容空間が形成されている。上ケース９１及び下ケース９２はどちらも酸化チタン、酸化カリウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化珪素等を焼結したセラミックや、ＰＥＳ（ポリエーテルサルフォンサン）、発泡スチレン、発泡ウレタン等のエンジニアリングプラスチック等の断熱材からななる。   The heat insulating case 9 has a housing space formed inside the heat insulating case 9 by combining the case 91 on the upper surface side and the lower case 92 on the lower surface side. The upper case 91 and the lower case 92 are both heat insulating materials such as ceramics obtained by sintering titanium oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon oxide, etc., engineering plastics such as PES (polyethersulfone sun), foamed styrene, and urethane foam. Made of wood.

上ケース９１の前面の下縁と下ケース９２の前面の上縁には扇形状の窪みが形成され、上ケース９１と下ケース９２を結合することでこれら窪みが合わさって通し孔９３が形成されている。排出部８の排出口８２がこの通し孔９３に嵌め込まれ、排出口８２が断熱ケース９の前面から突き出ている。また、位置を固定するために排出部８のフランジ部８３が断熱ケース９の前面側の内面に接しているが、断熱性を向上するためにフランジ部８３と断熱ケース９の前面側の内面との間に空間を設けてもよい。フランジ部８３の断熱ケース９との対向面に溝を設ければ、フランジ部８３と断熱ケース９が当接することによって位置合わせができるとともに、溝によって断熱用の熱伝導率の低い隙間を形成することができ断熱効果を向上できる。   A fan-shaped depression is formed on the lower edge of the front surface of the upper case 91 and the upper edge of the front surface of the lower case 92. By joining the upper case 91 and the lower case 92, the depressions are combined to form a through hole 93. ing. A discharge port 82 of the discharge unit 8 is fitted into the through hole 93, and the discharge port 82 protrudes from the front surface of the heat insulating case 9. Further, in order to fix the position, the flange portion 83 of the discharge portion 8 is in contact with the inner surface on the front side of the heat insulating case 9, but in order to improve the heat insulating property, the flange portion 83 and the inner surface on the front side of the heat insulating case 9 A space may be provided between the two. If a groove is provided on the surface of the flange portion 83 facing the heat insulating case 9, the flange portion 83 and the heat insulating case 9 can be aligned with each other, and a gap having a low thermal conductivity for heat insulation is formed by the groove. The heat insulation effect can be improved.

上ケース９１の背面の下縁と下ケース９２の背面の上縁には扇形状の窪みが形成され、上ケース９１と下ケース９２を結合することでこれら窪みが合わさって通し孔９４が形成されている。弾性チューブ６、収縮性チューブ５、第１の吸液部３の前方、仕切部４及び第２の吸液部２の前方がこの通し孔９４に嵌め込まれている。弾性チューブ６と通し孔９４の壁面が密接し、通し孔９４の壁面と第１の吸液部３の外周面との間の隙間が弾性チューブ６及び収縮性チューブ５によってシーリングされている。   A fan-shaped depression is formed on the lower edge of the back surface of the upper case 91 and the upper edge of the lower surface of the lower case 92. By joining the upper case 91 and the lower case 92, the depressions are combined to form a through hole 94. ing. The elastic tube 6, the contractible tube 5, the front of the first liquid absorption part 3, and the front of the partition part 4 and the second liquid absorption part 2 are fitted in the through hole 94. The elastic tube 6 and the wall surface of the through hole 94 are in close contact with each other, and the gap between the wall surface of the through hole 94 and the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid absorbing portion 3 is sealed by the elastic tube 6 and the contractible tube 5.

上ケース９１の上面には配線通し孔９５〜９７が貫通し、配線通し孔９５〜９７から上ケース９１の背面まで連なった溝９５ａ〜９７ａが上ケース９１の上面に形成されている。配線通し孔９５には温度センサ１１の配線１１ａが通され、配線１１ａが折り曲げられて溝９５ａ内に敷設されている。同様に、配線通し孔９６，９７には発熱体１０の両端部の配線１０ａ，１０ｂが通され、配線１０ａ，１０ｂが折り曲げられて溝９６ａ，９７ａ内に敷設されている。   Wiring through holes 95 to 97 pass through the upper surface of the upper case 91, and grooves 95 a to 97 a extending from the wiring through holes 95 to 97 to the back surface of the upper case 91 are formed on the upper surface of the upper case 91. The wiring 11a of the temperature sensor 11 is passed through the wiring through hole 95, and the wiring 11a is bent and laid in the groove 95a. Similarly, wirings 10a and 10b at both ends of the heating element 10 are passed through the wiring through holes 96 and 97, and the wirings 10a and 10b are bent and laid in the grooves 96a and 97a.

温度センサ１１が配線１１ａを介してコントローラに接続され、発熱体１０も配線１０ａ，１０ｂを介してコントローラに接続されている。温度センサ１１の検知温度を表す信号がコントローラに入力され、コントローラが温度センサ１１の検知温度に基づいて、第１の吸液部３の温度や第２の吸液部２の温度がそれぞれ所望の温度になるように発熱体１０を制御する。具体的には、温度センサ１１の検知温度が上閾値よりも高くなった場合に、コントローラが発熱体１０への供給電力を下げるか又は発熱体１０への供給電力をオフにし、温度センサ１１の検知温度が下閾値（但し、下閾値＜上閾値。）よりも低くなった場合に、コントローラが発熱体１０への供給電力を上げるか又は発熱体１０への供給電力をオンにし、温度センサ１１の検知温度が下閾値以上、上閾値以下の場合には、コントローラが発熱体１０への供給電力を維持する。   The temperature sensor 11 is connected to the controller via the wiring 11a, and the heating element 10 is also connected to the controller via the wirings 10a and 10b. A signal representing the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 11 is input to the controller, and the controller determines the temperature of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the temperature of the second liquid absorption part 2 based on the detection temperature of the temperature sensor 11. The heating element 10 is controlled to reach the temperature. Specifically, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11 is higher than the upper threshold, the controller lowers the supply power to the heating element 10 or turns off the supply power to the heating element 10. When the detected temperature becomes lower than the lower threshold value (however, lower threshold value <upper threshold value), the controller increases the power supplied to the heating element 10 or turns on the power supply to the heating element 10, and the temperature sensor 11. When the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the lower threshold and lower than the upper threshold, the controller maintains power supplied to the heating element 10.

次に、気化装置１の動作及び気化装置１を用いた気化方法について説明する。
発熱体１０に電圧が印加されると、発熱体１０が発熱し、断熱ケース９内に収容された部材が加熱される。ここで、発熱体１０の内側の部分では加熱温度が発熱体１０から遠ざかるほど低減していく。したがって、より近い第１の吸液部３の温度は、より遠い第２の吸液部２の温度よりも高くなる。また、第１の吸液部３及び第２の吸液部２の後方の端部が断熱ケース９の外にあり、前方の端部が断熱ケース内にあり、前方の端部に発熱体１０が巻かれているので、第１の吸液部３は、排出口８２側の端部から第１液導入口７２側の端部に向かうほど温度が低減し、第２の吸液部２は、排出口８２側の端部から第２液導入口１５側の端部に向かうほど温度が低減する。 Next, the operation of the vaporizer 1 and the vaporization method using the vaporizer 1 will be described.
When a voltage is applied to the heating element 10, the heating element 10 generates heat, and the member accommodated in the heat insulating case 9 is heated. Here, in the portion inside the heating element 10, the heating temperature decreases as the distance from the heating element 10 increases. Therefore, the temperature of the closer first liquid absorption part 3 is higher than the temperature of the second liquid absorption part 2 farther away. Further, the rear end portions of the first liquid absorption portion 3 and the second liquid absorption portion 2 are outside the heat insulation case 9, the front end portion is in the heat insulation case, and the heating element 10 is disposed at the front end portion. Therefore, the temperature of the first liquid-absorbing unit 3 decreases from the end on the discharge port 82 side toward the end on the first liquid introduction port 72 side, and the second liquid-absorbing unit 2 The temperature decreases from the end on the discharge port 82 side toward the end on the second liquid introduction port 15 side.

温度センサ１１の検知温度が下閾値以上且つ上閾値以下の状態では、第１の吸液部３の温度は、排出口８２側の端部では第１液体αの沸点に達し、第１液導入口７２側の端部では第１液体αの沸点未満になり、第２の吸液部２の温度は、排出口８２側の端部では第２液体αの沸点に達し、第２液導入口１５側の端部では第２液体βの沸点未満になるように設定されている。なお、以下では、第１の吸液部３及び第２の吸液部２において、発熱体１０が巻かれた端部を排出側端部といい、排出側端部の反対側の端部を吸収側端部という。   In a state where the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11 is not less than the lower threshold and not more than the upper threshold, the temperature of the first liquid absorption part 3 reaches the boiling point of the first liquid α at the end on the discharge port 82 side, and the first liquid introduction At the end on the side of the port 72, the temperature becomes lower than the boiling point of the first liquid α, and the temperature of the second liquid absorbing unit 2 reaches the boiling point of the second liquid α at the end on the side of the discharge port 82. The end on the 15th side is set to be less than the boiling point of the second liquid β. In the following, in the first liquid absorption part 3 and the second liquid absorption part 2, the end around which the heating element 10 is wound is referred to as a discharge side end, and the end opposite to the discharge side end is referred to as an end. It is called the absorption side end.

第２の吸液部２及び第１の吸液部３の排出側端部が発熱体１０によって加熱された状態で、ポンプ等によって第２液体βが第２液導入部１３を介して送液されると、その第２液体βが第２の吸液部２の吸収側端部から第２の吸液部２内へと吸収される。第２の吸液部２に吸収された第２液体βは毛細管現象により排出側端部に移動し、第２の吸液部２の排出側端部において発熱体１０により加熱されて気化する。そして、気化した気体は第２の吸液部２の排出側端面から収容部８１内の空間８４へ蒸散する。このように第２の吸液部２の内部で第２液体βが気化するので、第２液体βの突沸を抑えることができる。   The second liquid β is fed through the second liquid introduction part 13 by a pump or the like while the discharge side end parts of the second liquid absorption part 2 and the first liquid absorption part 3 are heated by the heating element 10. Then, the second liquid β is absorbed from the absorption side end of the second liquid absorption part 2 into the second liquid absorption part 2. The second liquid β absorbed by the second liquid absorption part 2 moves to the discharge side end part by capillary action, and is heated and vaporized by the heating element 10 at the discharge side end part of the second liquid absorption part 2. The vaporized gas evaporates from the discharge side end face of the second liquid absorption part 2 to the space 84 in the accommodating part 81. Thus, since the 2nd liquid (beta) vaporizes inside the 2nd liquid absorption part 2, bumping of the 2nd liquid (beta) can be suppressed.

一方、ポンプ等によって第１液体αが導入孔７３を通って第１液導入部７内の空間７１に供給されると、その第１液体αが第１の吸液部３の吸収側端部から第１の吸液部３内へと吸収される。第１の吸液部３に吸収された第１液体αは毛細管現象により排出側端部に移動し、第１の吸液部３の排出側端部において発熱体１０により加熱されて気化する。そして、気化した気体は第１の吸液部３の排出側端面から収容部８１内の空間８４へ蒸散する。このように第１の吸液部３の内部で第１液体αが気化するので、第１液体αの突沸を抑えることができる。   On the other hand, when the first liquid α is supplied to the space 71 in the first liquid introduction part 7 through the introduction hole 73 by a pump or the like, the first liquid α is absorbed at the absorption side end of the first liquid absorption part 3. Is absorbed into the first liquid absorption part 3. The first liquid α absorbed by the first liquid absorption part 3 moves to the discharge side end part by capillary action, and is heated and vaporized by the heating element 10 at the discharge side end part of the first liquid absorption part 3. The vaporized gas evaporates from the discharge side end face of the first liquid absorption part 3 to the space 84 in the accommodating part 81. Thus, since the 1st liquid (alpha) vaporizes inside the 1st liquid absorption part 3, bumping of the 1st liquid (alpha) can be suppressed.

第１液体αの沸点が第２液体βの沸点よりも高いと、第２の吸液部２及び第１の吸液部３の温度分布により、第２液体βが第２の吸液部２の排出側端面寄りで気化し、第１液体αが第１の吸液部３の排出側端面寄りで気化する。しかし、第１液体αの沸点が第２液体βの沸点よりも低いと、第２液体βが第２の吸液部２の排出側端面寄りで気化するように温度制御するように設定すると、より発熱体１０に加熱されやすい第１の吸液部３が過熱してしまい、第１の吸液部３における気化領域が排出側端部のみならず、排出側端部より後方まで拡張され、第１液体αの突沸の要因になってしまう。そのため、第１液体αの沸点が第２液体βの沸点よりも高い方が望ましい。   When the boiling point of the first liquid α is higher than the boiling point of the second liquid β, the second liquid β becomes the second liquid absorption part 2 due to the temperature distribution of the second liquid absorption part 2 and the first liquid absorption part 3. The first liquid α is vaporized near the discharge side end face of the first liquid absorption part 3. However, if the boiling point of the first liquid α is lower than the boiling point of the second liquid β, the temperature is set so that the second liquid β is vaporized near the discharge-side end surface of the second liquid absorption part 2; The first liquid-absorbing part 3 that is more easily heated by the heating element 10 is overheated, and the vaporization region in the first liquid-absorbing part 3 is extended not only to the discharge side end part but also to the rear side from the discharge side end part, It becomes a factor of bumping of the first liquid α. Therefore, it is desirable that the boiling point of the first liquid α is higher than the boiling point of the second liquid β.

第２の吸液部２内で気化した第２液体βの気体が第２の吸液部２の排出側端面から空間８４へ蒸散し、第１の吸液部３内で気化した第１液体αの気体が第１の吸液部３の排出側端面から空間８４へ蒸散し、これらの気体が混合する。この混合気γが排出孔８２ａを通って排出される。   The gas of the second liquid β vaporized in the second liquid absorption part 2 evaporates from the discharge side end face of the second liquid absorption part 2 to the space 84 and is vaporized in the first liquid absorption part 3. The α gas evaporates from the discharge-side end face of the first liquid absorption part 3 to the space 84, and these gases are mixed. The air-fuel mixture γ is discharged through the discharge hole 82a.

以上のように液体が気化している時には、コントローラが温度センサ１１の検知温度に基づいて発熱体１０をフィードバック制御するので、第１の吸液部３の排出側端部の温度及び第１の吸液部３における第１液体αの気化領域、並びに第２の吸液部２の排出側端部の温度及び第２の吸液部２における第２液体βの気化領域がそれぞれ所望の温度、所望の範囲となるように制御される。   As described above, when the liquid is vaporized, the controller feedback-controls the heating element 10 based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11, so that the temperature of the discharge side end of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the first The vaporization region of the first liquid α in the liquid absorption part 3, the temperature of the discharge side end of the second liquid absorption part 2, and the vaporization region of the second liquid β in the second liquid absorption part 2 are respectively desired temperatures, It is controlled to be in a desired range.

以上のように本実施形態によれば、第２の吸液部２と第１の吸液部３を同心となるように積層し、仕切部４によって第２の吸液部２と第１の吸液部３を仕切ったので、第２の吸液部２と第１の吸液部３では、第２液体β、第１液体αが液体の状態で混合されることないため、別々の領域に別々の液体を吸収する。そのため、沸点の異なる２種類の液体を別々に気化することができるので、それぞれの液体を安定して気化することができる。そして、別々に安定して発生した気体が空間８４にて混合されるので、その混合気が排出孔８２ａを通って下流へ送られるので、その混合気が安定した流量で排出孔８２ａを通って下流へ送られる。特に第１液体αを水、第２液体βをメタノールとした場合、下流に水蒸気改質器を配置して水素を発生することができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, the second liquid-absorbing part 2 and the first liquid-absorbing part 3 are stacked so as to be concentric, and the second liquid-absorbing part 2 and the first liquid-absorbing part 2 are separated by the partition part 4. Since the liquid absorption part 3 is partitioned, the second liquid β and the first liquid α are not mixed in the liquid state in the second liquid absorption part 2 and the first liquid absorption part 3, so that separate areas are provided. To absorb different liquids. Therefore, two types of liquids having different boiling points can be vaporized separately, so that each liquid can be vaporized stably. Since the separately generated gases are mixed in the space 84, the air-fuel mixture is sent downstream through the discharge hole 82a, so that the air-fuel mixture passes through the discharge hole 82a at a stable flow rate. Sent downstream. In particular, when the first liquid α is water and the second liquid β is methanol, a steam reformer can be disposed downstream to generate hydrogen.

また、１つの気化装置１で２種類の液体を別々に気化することができるので、２種類の液体の気化のために２つの気化装置を準備せずに済み、２つの温度センサで別々に制御する必要がないので全体として省スペース化、回路の簡略化及び低コスト化を図ることができる。   In addition, since two kinds of liquids can be vaporized separately with one vaporizer 1, it is not necessary to prepare two vaporizers for vaporizing the two kinds of liquids, and control with two temperature sensors separately. Therefore, space saving, circuit simplification, and cost reduction can be achieved as a whole.

また、第１の吸液部３の内側に第２の吸液部２を嵌入し、第１の吸液部３の外側に発熱体１０を巻いたので、温度が中心軸から半径方向外側に向かう程高くなるような温度分布が生じる。そして、沸点の低い第２液体βを第２の吸液部２に吸収して気化し、沸点の高い第１液体αを第１の吸液部３に吸収して気化しているので、エネルギーの利用効率が良くなって、効率的に第２液体β・第１液体αを気化することができる。   In addition, since the second liquid absorbing part 2 is fitted inside the first liquid absorbing part 3 and the heating element 10 is wound around the outside of the first liquid absorbing part 3, the temperature is radially outward from the central axis. A temperature distribution that becomes higher as it goes is generated. Then, the second liquid β having a low boiling point is absorbed and vaporized by the second liquid absorption part 2 and the first liquid α having a high boiling point is absorbed by the first liquid absorption part 3 and vaporized. As a result, the second liquid β and the first liquid α can be efficiently vaporized.

発熱体１０は、コイル形状に限らず、排出部８の側面に配置されていれば、薄膜発熱抵抗体層でもよい。発熱抵抗体層は、金属酸化物でもよく、金（Ａｕ）であってもよい。金は、温度に応じて抵抗率が変位するため温度センサを兼ねることができるため、温度センサ１１が不要になり、配線構造を簡略化できる。   The heating element 10 is not limited to the coil shape, and may be a thin film heating resistor layer as long as it is disposed on the side surface of the discharge unit 8. The heating resistor layer may be a metal oxide or gold (Au). Since the resistivity of gold changes depending on the temperature, it can also serve as a temperature sensor. Therefore, the temperature sensor 11 is not necessary, and the wiring structure can be simplified.

また、排出部８が導電性であれば、排出部８上に絶縁膜を被覆し、この絶縁膜上に発熱抵抗体層を被膜すればよい。このとき発熱抵抗体層が金であれば、絶縁膜との密着性を改善するためのチタン（Ｔｉ）やタンタル（Ｔａ）等の下地層、金が熱拡散を防止するためのタングステン（Ｗ）等の高融点金属からなる熱拡散防止層を、絶縁膜と発熱抵抗体層との間に、この順に積層してもよい。   If the discharge part 8 is conductive, an insulating film may be coated on the discharge part 8 and a heating resistor layer may be coated on the insulating film. At this time, if the heating resistor layer is gold, a base layer such as titanium (Ti) or tantalum (Ta) for improving adhesion to the insulating film, tungsten (W) for preventing gold from diffusing heat. A thermal diffusion prevention layer made of a refractory metal such as the above may be laminated in this order between the insulating film and the heating resistor layer.

また、第２の吸液部２及び第１の吸液部３の排出側端部、排出部８の収容部８１及びフランジ部８３並びに発熱体１０が断熱ケース９内に収容されているので、熱損失が少なく、発熱体１０の熱エネルギーが液体の気化に有効利用される。一方、第２の吸液部２及び第１の吸液部３の吸収側端部が断熱ケース９の外にあるので、第２の吸液部２の吸収側端部から排出側端部にかけて温度勾配が生じ、第２の吸液部２の吸収側端部の温度が排出側端部の温度よりも低くなる。そのため、第２の吸液部２に吸収された第２液体βが吸収側端面寄りで気化せず、第２の吸液部２内の気体が吸収側端面のみから吐出すること、つまり気体の逆流を防止することができる。第１の吸液部３に吸収された第１液体αも吸収側端面寄りで気化せず、気体の逆流を防止することができる。   Further, since the discharge side end portions of the second liquid absorption portion 2 and the first liquid absorption portion 3, the storage portion 81 and the flange portion 83 of the discharge portion 8, and the heating element 10 are stored in the heat insulating case 9, There is little heat loss, and the heat energy of the heating element 10 is effectively used for vaporizing the liquid. On the other hand, since the absorption side end portions of the second liquid absorption portion 2 and the first liquid absorption portion 3 are outside the heat insulating case 9, from the absorption side end portion of the second liquid absorption portion 2 to the discharge side end portion. A temperature gradient is generated, and the temperature of the absorption side end of the second liquid absorption unit 2 is lower than the temperature of the discharge side end. Therefore, the second liquid β absorbed in the second liquid absorption part 2 does not vaporize near the absorption side end face, and the gas in the second liquid absorption part 2 is discharged only from the absorption side end face, that is, the gas Backflow can be prevented. The first liquid α absorbed by the first liquid absorption part 3 is not vaporized near the absorption side end face, and the backflow of gas can be prevented.

また、排出部８に温度センサ１１が埋め込まれているので、第１の吸液部３の排出側端面の近傍の温度及び第２の吸液部２の排出側端面の近傍の温度を正確に測定することができる。また、正確な検知温度に従ってコントローラによる温度制御が行われるので、第１の吸液部３の排出側端面の近傍の温度及び第２の吸液部２の排出側端面の近傍の温度を所望の温度範囲に保つことができ、安定した気化を行うことができる。また、断熱ケース９を上ケース９１と下ケース９２の上下分割構造としたため、目視による作業が可能となるとともに、気化装置１の組立作業性が向上する。   Moreover, since the temperature sensor 11 is embedded in the discharge part 8, the temperature in the vicinity of the discharge side end face of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the temperature in the vicinity of the discharge side end face of the second liquid absorption part 2 are accurately measured. Can be measured. Moreover, since temperature control by the controller is performed according to the accurate detected temperature, the temperature in the vicinity of the discharge side end face of the first liquid absorption part 3 and the temperature in the vicinity of the discharge side end face of the second liquid absorption part 2 are set to desired values. The temperature can be maintained, and stable vaporization can be performed. In addition, since the heat insulating case 9 has an upper and lower divided structure of the upper case 91 and the lower case 92, it is possible to perform a visual operation and improve the assembling workability of the vaporizer 1.

また、収縮性チューブ５が加熱されると収縮するため、第１の吸液部３の外周面と収縮性チューブ５の内周面との密接性が向上する。そのため、第１の吸液部３の外周面から第１液体αや第１液体αの気体が漏洩しない。   In addition, since the shrinkable tube 5 is heated, it contracts, so that the close contact between the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid absorbing part 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the shrinkable tube 5 is improved. Therefore, the first liquid α and the gas of the first liquid α do not leak from the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid absorption part 3.

なお、上記実施形態では、第２の吸液部２と第１の吸液部３の同心二重構造であったが、更に第１の吸液部３の外側に別の円筒状吸液部を設け、その円筒状吸液部と第１の吸液部３との間に仕切部を設けることで、同心三重構造としても良い。更に多くの吸液部を外装し、同心多層構造としても良い。この場合、複数の吸液部の吸収側端面には、外側の吸液部になるほど、つまり発熱体１０に近いほど沸点の高い液体を供給し、外側の吸液部になるほど、つまり発熱体１０に遠いほど沸点の高い液体を吸収させることが好ましい。   In addition, in the said embodiment, although it was the concentric double structure of the 2nd liquid absorption part 2 and the 1st liquid absorption part 3, it is another cylindrical liquid absorption part on the outer side of the 1st liquid absorption part 3 further. And a concentric triple structure may be obtained by providing a partition between the cylindrical liquid absorption part and the first liquid absorption part 3. Further, a large number of liquid absorbing parts may be provided on the exterior to form a concentric multilayer structure. In this case, a liquid having a higher boiling point is supplied to the absorption side end surfaces of the plurality of liquid absorbing portions as the outer liquid absorbing portion, that is, closer to the heating element 10, and as the outer liquid absorbing portion becomes, that is, the heating element 10. It is preferable to absorb a liquid having a higher boiling point as it is farther away.

また、第２の吸液部２を周方向に分割し、分割した扇形の吸液部の間に仕切壁を介在し、仕切壁を第１液導入部７の後面の内側の面に突出させ、仕切壁によって空間７１を複数の扇形空間に仕切り、各扇形空間に通じる導入孔を第１液導入部７の外周面に形成しても良い。   Further, the second liquid-absorbing part 2 is divided in the circumferential direction, a partition wall is interposed between the divided fan-shaped liquid-absorbing parts, and the partition wall protrudes from the inner surface of the rear surface of the first liquid introduction part 7. Alternatively, the space 71 may be partitioned into a plurality of fan-shaped spaces by a partition wall, and an introduction hole communicating with each fan-shaped space may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first liquid introducing portion 7.

また、第２の吸液部２を仕切壁によって複数に分割しても良い。   Moreover, you may divide the 2nd liquid absorption part 2 into plurality by the partition wall.

〔第２の実施の形態〕
図３は、気化装置１０１を示した図面である。図３（ａ）は背面図であり、図３（ｂ）は図３（ａ）の切断線Ｂ−Ｂに沿った面の矢視断面図であり、図３（ｃ）は正面図であり、図３（ｄ）は図３（ｂ）の切断線Ｄ−Ｄに沿った面の矢視断面図である。 [Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a view showing the vaporizer 101. 3A is a rear view, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3C is a front view. FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG.

図３に示すように、本体管１０９は角形管状に設けられ、本体管１０９の後面開口及び前面開口が閉塞され、その本体管１０９内には内部空間が形成されている。本体管１０９の内側にはその上面及び下面と平行となった仕切壁１０４が形成され、この仕切壁１０４によって本体管１０９の内部空間が本体管１０９の前方から後方まで至る上下の２つの空間に仕切られている。また、仕切壁１０４は本体管１０９の後端面、左右側面の内側に連結され、本体管１０９の前端面の内側には連結していない。そのため、本体管１０９内の上側の空間と下側の空間は前面寄りにおいて通じ、その上下の空間が連なった部分の空間に符号１８４を付す。   As shown in FIG. 3, the main body pipe 109 is provided in a rectangular tube shape, the rear opening and the front opening of the main body pipe 109 are closed, and an internal space is formed in the main body pipe 109. A partition wall 104 that is parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the body tube 109 is formed inside the body tube 109, and the partition wall 104 divides the internal space of the body tube 109 into two upper and lower spaces extending from the front to the rear of the body tube 109. It is partitioned. The partition wall 104 is connected to the rear end surface of the main body tube 109 and the inside of the left and right side surfaces, and is not connected to the inside of the front end surface of the main body tube 109. For this reason, the upper space and the lower space in the main body pipe 109 communicate with each other near the front surface, and the space of the portion where the upper and lower spaces are connected is denoted by reference numeral 184.

本体管１０９の後面には第２液体βが導入される第２液導入口１７２，第１液体αが導入される第１液導入口１７４が凸設され、本体管１０９の前面には排出口１８２が凸設されている。第２液導入口１７２の中心軸に沿って第２液導入口１７２の先端から本体管１０９の内面まで導入孔１７３が貫通し、その導入孔１７３が本体管１０９内の下側の空間に通じている。また、第１液導入口１７４の中心軸に沿って第１液導入口１７４の先端から本体管１０９の内面まで導入孔１７５が貫通し、その導入孔１７５が本体管１０９内の上側の空間に通じている。また、排出口１８２の中心軸に沿って排出口１８２の先端から本体管１０９の内面まで排出孔１８２ａが貫通し、その排出孔１８２ａが空間１８４に通じている。   A rear surface of the main body tube 109 is provided with a second liquid introduction port 172 through which the second liquid β is introduced, and a first liquid introduction port 174 through which the first liquid α is introduced. 182 is protruded. The introduction hole 173 penetrates from the tip of the second liquid introduction port 172 to the inner surface of the main body pipe 109 along the central axis of the second liquid introduction port 172, and the introduction hole 173 communicates with the lower space in the main body pipe 109. ing. Further, the introduction hole 175 penetrates from the tip of the first liquid introduction port 174 to the inner surface of the main body tube 109 along the central axis of the first liquid introduction port 174, and the introduction hole 175 enters the upper space in the main body tube 109. Communicates. A discharge hole 182 a penetrates from the tip of the discharge port 182 to the inner surface of the main body pipe 109 along the central axis of the discharge port 182, and the discharge hole 182 a communicates with the space 184.

本体管１０９内の下側の空間に第２の吸液部１０２が充填され、上側の空間に第１の吸液部１０３が充填され、第２の吸液部１０２と第１の吸液部１０３はそれらの間に仕切壁１０４を挟んで厚み方向に積層されている。第１の吸液部１０３及び第２の吸液部１０２は、角棒状に形成された芯材である。また、第２の吸液部１０２及び第１の吸液部１０３は、それぞれ第１実施形態の第１の吸液部３及び第２の吸液部２と同様に、内部に微小空間が形成された多孔質体であり、液体を吸収し得るものである。   The second liquid absorbing part 102 is filled in the lower space in the main body pipe 109, the first liquid absorbing part 103 is filled in the upper space, and the second liquid absorbing part 102 and the first liquid absorbing part are filled. 103 are laminated in the thickness direction with a partition wall 104 interposed therebetween. The 1st liquid absorption part 103 and the 2nd liquid absorption part 102 are the core materials formed in the shape of a square bar. In addition, the second liquid-absorbing part 102 and the first liquid-absorbing part 103 are each formed with a minute space in the same manner as the first liquid-absorbing part 3 and the second liquid-absorbing part 2 of the first embodiment, respectively. A porous body that can absorb liquid.

第２の吸液部１０２の後端面（以下、この端面を吸収側端面という。）は導入孔１７３に面し、前端面（以下、この端面を排出側端面という。）は空間１８４に面している。第１の吸液部１０３の後端面（以下、この端面を吸収側端面という。）は導入孔１７５に面し、前端面（以下、この端面を排出側端面という。）は空間１８４に面している。   The rear end surface of the second liquid absorbing portion 102 (hereinafter, this end surface is referred to as an absorption side end surface) faces the introduction hole 173, and the front end surface (hereinafter, this end surface is referred to as the discharge side end surface) faces the space 184. ing. The rear end surface of the first liquid absorbing portion 103 (hereinafter, this end surface is referred to as an absorption side end surface) faces the introduction hole 175, and the front end surface (hereinafter, this end surface is referred to as a discharge side end surface) faces the space 184. ing.

本体管１０９の上面には発熱体１１０が搭載されている。発熱体１１０が搭載されている位置は、第１の吸液部１０３の排出側端部側の本体管１０９の上である。そのため、吸液部１０２，１０３は、吸収側端部から排出側端部に向かうほど温度が漸増する。また、第１の吸液部１０３が第２の吸液部１０２よりも発熱体１１０に近く、第１の吸液部３の排出側端部は第２の吸液部２の排出側端部よりも温度が高い。
なお、本体管１０９及び第１液導入口１７４，第２液導入口１７２，排出口１８２は金属（例えば、ステンレス鋼（ＳＵＳ３１６））からなる。 A heating element 110 is mounted on the upper surface of the main body tube 109. The position where the heating element 110 is mounted is on the main body tube 109 on the discharge side end portion side of the first liquid absorption portion 103. For this reason, the temperature of the liquid absorbing portions 102 and 103 gradually increases from the absorption side end portion toward the discharge side end portion. Further, the first liquid absorption part 103 is closer to the heating element 110 than the second liquid absorption part 102, and the discharge side end of the first liquid absorption part 3 is the discharge side end of the second liquid absorption part 2. Higher than the temperature.
The main body pipe 109, the first liquid inlet 174, the second liquid inlet 172, and the outlet 182 are made of metal (for example, stainless steel (SUS316)).

次に、気化装置１０１の動作及び気化装置１０１を用いた気化方法について説明する。
第１の吸液部１０３及び第２の吸液部１０２の排出側端部がセラミックヒータ等の発熱体１１０によって加熱された状態で、ポンプ等によって第１液体αが第１液導入口１７４の導入孔１７５に送液されると、その第１液体αが第１の吸液部１０３の吸収側端面から第１の吸液部１０３内へと吸収される。そして、第１の吸液部１０３の排出側端部まで浸透した第１液体αが発熱体１１０の熱により気化する。そして、気化した気体は第１の吸液部１０３の排出側端面から空間１８４へ蒸散する。 Next, the operation of the vaporizer 101 and the vaporization method using the vaporizer 101 will be described.
In a state where the discharge side end portions of the first liquid absorption portion 103 and the second liquid absorption portion 102 are heated by the heating element 110 such as a ceramic heater, the first liquid α is supplied to the first liquid introduction port 174 by a pump or the like. When the liquid is fed into the introduction hole 175, the first liquid α is absorbed into the first liquid absorption part 103 from the absorption side end face of the first liquid absorption part 103. Then, the first liquid α that has penetrated to the discharge side end of the first liquid absorption part 103 is vaporized by the heat of the heating element 110. The vaporized gas evaporates from the discharge side end face of the first liquid absorption part 103 to the space 184.

第１の吸液部１０３は、第２の吸液部１０２に比べて発熱体１１０に近く、また第２の吸液部１０２と発熱体１１０との間に介在しているので、発熱体１１０での加熱温度は第１の吸液部１０３の排出側端部の方が第２の吸液部１０２の排出側端部よりも高い。このため、第１液体αの沸点が第２液体βの沸点よりも高い方が望ましい。   Since the first liquid absorbing part 103 is closer to the heating element 110 than the second liquid absorbing part 102 and is interposed between the second liquid absorbing part 102 and the heating element 110, the heating element 110. The heating temperature at the discharge side end of the first liquid absorption part 103 is higher than the discharge side end of the second liquid absorption part 102. For this reason, it is desirable that the boiling point of the first liquid α is higher than the boiling point of the second liquid β.

一方、ポンプ等によって第２液体βが第２液導入口１７２の導入孔１７３に送液されると、その第２液体βが第２の吸液部１０２の吸収側端面から第２の吸液部１０２内へと吸収される。そして、第２の吸液部１０２の排出側端部まで浸透した第２液体βが第１の吸液部１０３を介して発熱体１１０の熱により気化する。そして、気化した気体は第２の吸液部１０２の排出側端面から空間１８４へ蒸散する。   On the other hand, when the second liquid β is fed to the introduction hole 173 of the second liquid introduction port 172 by a pump or the like, the second liquid β is discharged from the absorption side end face of the second liquid absorption part 102 to the second liquid absorption. Absorbed into part 102. And the 2nd liquid (beta) which permeate | transmitted to the discharge side end part of the 2nd liquid absorption part 102 vaporizes with the heat | fever of the heat generating body 110 through the 1st liquid absorption part 103. FIG. Then, the vaporized gas evaporates from the discharge side end face of the second liquid absorption part 102 to the space 184.

第２の吸液部１０２の排出側端面から空間１８４へ蒸散した第２液体βの気体と、第１の吸液部１０３の排出側端面から空間１８４へ蒸散した第１液体αの気体が、空間１８４内にて混合される。この混合気が排出孔１８２ａを通って排出される。   The gas of the second liquid β evaporated from the discharge side end face of the second liquid absorption part 102 to the space 184 and the gas of the first liquid α evaporated from the discharge side end face of the first liquid absorption part 103 to the space 184, Mixed in the space 184. This air-fuel mixture is discharged through the discharge hole 182a.

本実施形態によれば、第２の吸液部１０２と第１の吸液部１０３の間に仕切壁１０４を挟んで、第２の吸液部１０２と第１の吸液部１０３を積層したので、第２の吸液部１０２と第１の吸液部１０３が別々に液体を吸収し得る。そのため、沸点の異なる２種類の液体を別々に気化することができるので、それぞれの液体を安定して気化することができる。更に、１つの気化装置１０１で２種類の液体を別々に気化することができるので、２種類の液体の気化のために２つの気化装置を準備せずに済み、全体として省スペース化及び低コスト化を図ることができる。   According to this embodiment, the second liquid absorption part 102 and the first liquid absorption part 103 are stacked with the partition wall 104 interposed between the second liquid absorption part 102 and the first liquid absorption part 103. Therefore, the 2nd liquid absorption part 102 and the 1st liquid absorption part 103 can absorb a liquid separately. Therefore, two types of liquids having different boiling points can be vaporized separately, so that each liquid can be vaporized stably. Furthermore, since two kinds of liquids can be vaporized separately with one vaporizer 101, it is not necessary to prepare two vaporizers for vaporizing the two kinds of liquids, and space saving and low cost as a whole. Can be achieved.

また、沸点の高い第１液体αを加熱温度の高い第１の吸液部１０３の端部に吸収して気化し、沸点の低い第２液体βを加熱温度の低い第２の吸液部１０２の端部で気化しているので、エネルギーの利用効率が良くなって、効率的に第１液体α・第２液体βを気化することができる。   Further, the first liquid α having a high boiling point is absorbed and vaporized at the end of the first liquid absorbing part 103 having a high heating temperature, and the second liquid β having a low boiling point is converted to the second liquid absorbing part 102 having a low heating temperature. Therefore, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the first liquid α and the second liquid β can be efficiently vaporized.

なお、上記実施形態では、第１の吸液部１０３と第２の吸液部１０２の間に仕切壁１０４を挟んで第１の吸液部１０３と第２の吸液部１０２を重ねた二重構造であったが、本体管１０９内に更に多くの仕切壁を設けることで、本体管１０９内の空間を本体管１０９の吸収側端面から排出側端面に至る多数の空間に仕切り、それぞれの空間に吸液部を充填しても良い。この場合、各仕切材の前端が本体管１０９の前面の内側から離れるようにすることによって、上下に分割された複数の空間は空間１８４により連なるようにするとともに、上下に多数分割したそれぞれの空間に通じる導入孔を本体管１０９の後端面側に形成する。また、複数の吸液部の吸収側端面には、発熱体１１０に近い吸液部ほどより沸点の高いを供給し、発熱体１１０に近づくにつれて沸点の高い液体を吸収させることが好ましい。   In the above embodiment, the first liquid absorbing part 103 and the second liquid absorbing part 102 are overlapped with the partition wall 104 interposed between the first liquid absorbing part 103 and the second liquid absorbing part 102. Although it was a heavy structure, by providing more partition walls in the main body pipe 109, the space in the main body pipe 109 is partitioned into a large number of spaces from the absorption side end face to the discharge side end face of the main body pipe 109, The space may be filled with a liquid absorbing part. In this case, by making the front end of each partition member away from the inside of the front surface of the main body tube 109, the plurality of vertically divided spaces are connected by the space 184, and each of the spaces divided in large numbers in the vertical direction is provided. Is formed on the rear end face side of the main body tube 109. In addition, it is preferable to supply higher absorption points to the absorption-side end faces of the plurality of absorption parts, so that the absorption parts closer to the heating element 110 have higher boiling points, and as the heating element 110 approaches, the liquid having higher boiling points is absorbed.

また、本体管１０９内の空間を仕切壁１０４によって上下に仕切るだけでなく、更に本体管１０９の左右側面に平行な仕切壁を本体管１０９内に配置し、本体管１０９内の空間を上下左右に仕切っても良い。この場合、各仕切材の前端が本体管１０９の前面の内側から離れるようにすることによって、上下左右に４分割された複数の空間は空間１８４により連なるようにするとともに、上下左右に分割したそれぞれの空間に通じる導入孔を本体管１０９の後面に形成する。   In addition to partitioning the space in the main body pipe 109 up and down by the partition wall 104, a partition wall parallel to the left and right side surfaces of the main body pipe 109 is arranged in the main body pipe 109, and the space in the main body pipe 109 is vertically and horizontally It may be partitioned into In this case, by making the front end of each partition member away from the inside of the front surface of the main body tube 109, the plurality of spaces divided into four parts in the vertical and horizontal directions are connected by the space 184, and each divided into the vertical and horizontal parts. An introduction hole leading to the space is formed on the rear surface of the main body tube 109.

また、第２の吸液部１０２に吸収される第２液体βが第１の吸液部１０３に吸収される第１液体αよりも沸点が高い場合には、発熱体１１０は本体管１０９の下面に設ける。   When the second liquid β absorbed in the second liquid absorbing part 102 has a higher boiling point than the first liquid α absorbed in the first liquid absorbing part 103, the heating element 110 is connected to the main tube 109. Provide on the bottom.

本体管１０９は、熱伝導率が１０（Ｗ・ｍ−１Ｋ−１）以上と高く、第１液体αや混合気γ（第２液体βの気体と第１液体αの気体の混合気）に対して、腐蝕や変形しにくい材料からなり、例えば、黄銅、銅のような金属からなる。 The main tube 109 has a high thermal conductivity of 10 (W · m −1 K −1 ) or higher, and the first liquid α or the air-fuel mixture γ (the gas mixture of the second liquid β and the gas of the first liquid α). On the other hand, it is made of a material that is not easily corroded or deformed, for example, a metal such as brass or copper.

発熱体１１０は、コイル形状に限らず、本体管１０９の側面に配置されていれば、薄膜発熱抵抗体層でもよい。発熱抵抗体層は、金属酸化物でもよく、金（Ａｕ）であってもよい。金は、温度に応じて抵抗率が変位するため温度センサを兼ねることができるため、別途温度センサを設ける必要がなく、配線構造を簡略化できる。   The heating element 110 is not limited to the coil shape, and may be a thin film heating resistor layer as long as it is disposed on the side surface of the main body tube 109. The heating resistor layer may be a metal oxide or gold (Au). Since the resistivity of gold changes depending on the temperature, it can also serve as a temperature sensor, so there is no need to provide a separate temperature sensor, and the wiring structure can be simplified.

本体管１０９が導電性であれば、本体管１０９上に絶縁膜を被覆し、この絶縁膜上に発熱抵抗体層を被膜すればよい。このとき発熱抵抗体層が金であれば、絶縁膜との密着性を改善するためのチタン（Ｔｉ）やタンタル（Ｔａ）等の下地層、金が熱拡散を防止するためのタングステン（Ｗ）等の高融点金属からなる熱拡散防止層を、絶縁膜と発熱抵抗体層との間に、この順に積層してもよい。   If the main tube 109 is conductive, an insulating film may be coated on the main tube 109 and a heating resistor layer may be coated on the insulating film. At this time, if the heating resistor layer is gold, a base layer such as titanium (Ti) or tantalum (Ta) for improving adhesion to the insulating film, tungsten (W) for preventing gold from diffusing heat. A thermal diffusion prevention layer made of a refractory metal such as the above may be laminated in this order between the insulating film and the heating resistor layer.

〔応用例〕
図４は、気化装置１をカートリッジ９０１，９０２、ポンプ９０３，９０４、改質器９０５、一酸化炭素除去器９０６、燃料電池９０７及び燃焼器９０８とともに示したブロック図である。 [Application example]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the vaporizer 1 together with cartridges 901, 902, pumps 903, 904, a reformer 905, a carbon monoxide remover 906, a fuel cell 907, and a combustor 908.

第１液導入口７２がポンプ９０４に接続され、このポンプ９０４がカートリッジ９０２に接続されている。このカートリッジ９０２には水（沸点１００℃）が貯留され、ポンプ９０４によって水が第１液導入口７２に送られる。ポンプ９０４としてシリンジポンプ又は電気浸透流ポンプ（Electro-Osmotic Pump）を用いても良い。   The first liquid inlet 72 is connected to the pump 904, and this pump 904 is connected to the cartridge 902. Water (boiling point 100 ° C.) is stored in the cartridge 902, and water is sent to the first liquid inlet 72 by the pump 904. As the pump 904, a syringe pump or an electro-osmotic pump may be used.

第２液導入部１３にはポンプ９０３が接続され、更にこのポンプ９０３がカートリッジ９０１に接続されている。このカートリッジ９０１には、水よりも沸点の低い液体燃料（例えば、メタノール（沸点６５℃）、又はエタノール（沸点７８．３℃））が貯留され、ポンプ９０３によって液体燃料が仕切部４に送られる。ポンプ９０３としてシリンジポンプ又は電気浸透流ポンプ（Electro-Osmotic Pump）を用いても良い。   A pump 903 is connected to the second liquid introduction unit 13, and this pump 903 is further connected to the cartridge 901. The cartridge 901 stores liquid fuel having a boiling point lower than that of water (for example, methanol (boiling point 65 ° C.) or ethanol (boiling point 78.3 ° C.)), and the liquid fuel is sent to the partition 4 by the pump 903. . As the pump 903, a syringe pump or an electro-osmotic pump may be used.

排出部８の排出口８２には改質器９０５が接続され、気化装置１から排出された燃料と水の混合気が改質器９０５に供給される。   A reformer 905 is connected to the discharge port 82 of the discharge unit 8, and a mixture of fuel and water discharged from the vaporizer 1 is supplied to the reformer 905.

改質器９０５は、気化装置１から供給された燃料と水の混合気を触媒反応させて、水素ガス等を生成するものである。また、改質器９０５では微量の一酸化炭素も生成される。なお、カートリッジ９０１に貯留された液体燃料がメタノールの場合、改質器９０５では次式（１）、（２）に示すような反応が起こる。
ＣＨ3ＯＨ＋Ｈ2Ｏ→３Ｈ2＋ＣＯ2 …（１）
２ＣＨ3ＯＨ＋Ｈ2Ｏ→５Ｈ2＋ＣＯ＋ＣＯ2 …（２） The reformer 905 catalyzes the fuel / water mixture supplied from the vaporizer 1 to generate hydrogen gas or the like. The reformer 905 also generates a small amount of carbon monoxide. When the liquid fuel stored in the cartridge 901 is methanol, the reformer 905 performs reactions as shown in the following equations (1) and (2).
CH 3 OH + H 2 O → 3H 2 + CO 2 (1)
2CH 3 OH + H 2 O → 5H 2 + CO + CO 2 (2)

改質器９０５で生成された生成物の混合気が一酸化炭素除去器９０６に供給され、更にエアポンプによって空気が一酸化炭素除去器９０６に供給される。一酸化炭素除去器９０６では、混合気中の一酸化炭素が触媒によって選択されて、一酸化炭素が優先的に酸化され、水素は酸化されない。   A mixture of products generated by the reformer 905 is supplied to the carbon monoxide remover 906, and air is further supplied to the carbon monoxide remover 906 by an air pump. In the carbon monoxide remover 906, carbon monoxide in the air-fuel mixture is selected by the catalyst, so that the carbon monoxide is preferentially oxidized and hydrogen is not oxidized.

燃料電池９０７は、触媒微粒子を担持した燃料極９０７ａと、触媒微粒子を担持した空気極９０７ｂと、燃料極９０７ａと空気極９０７ｂとの間に介在された電解質膜９０７ｃとを備える。燃料極９０７ａには、一酸化炭素除去器９０６から混合気が供給され、空気極９０７ｂには、空気がエアポンプによって供給される。燃料極９０７ａと空気極９０７ｂのうちの一方の電極でイオンが生成され、イオンが電解質膜９０７ｃを透過し、他方の電極で水が生成され、これにより燃料極９０７ａと空気極９０７ｂの間で電力が生じる。なお、電解質膜９０７ｃが水素イオン透過性の電解質膜（例えば、固体高分子電解質膜）の場合には、燃料極９０７ａでは次式（３）のような反応が起き、空気極９０７ｂでは次式（４）のような反応が起こる。
Ｈ2→２Ｈ+＋２ｅ- …（３）
２Ｈ+＋１／２Ｏ2＋２ｅ-→Ｈ2Ｏ …（４） The fuel cell 907 includes a fuel electrode 907a carrying catalyst fine particles, an air electrode 907b carrying catalyst fine particles, and an electrolyte membrane 907c interposed between the fuel electrode 907a and the air electrode 907b. An air-fuel mixture is supplied to the fuel electrode 907a from the carbon monoxide remover 906, and air is supplied to the air electrode 907b by an air pump. Ions are generated at one of the fuel electrode 907a and the air electrode 907b, the ions pass through the electrolyte membrane 907c, and water is generated at the other electrode, whereby electric power is generated between the fuel electrode 907a and the air electrode 907b. Occurs. When the electrolyte membrane 907c is a hydrogen ion permeable electrolyte membrane (for example, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane), a reaction such as the following equation (3) occurs at the fuel electrode 907a, and the following equation (3) occurs at the air electrode 907b: Reaction such as 4) occurs.
H 2 → 2H + + 2e − (3)
2H + + 1 / 2O 2 + 2e − → H 2 O (4)

燃料極９０７ａで反応しなかった余剰の水素ガス等を含むオフガスが燃焼器９０８に供給され、エアポンプによって空気が燃焼器９０８に供給される。燃焼器９０８においては、空気中の酸素と未反応の水素とが触媒により反応し、燃焼熱が発生する。燃焼熱は、改質器９０５及び一酸化炭素除去器９０６の反応に用いられる。   Off-gas containing surplus hydrogen gas that has not reacted at the fuel electrode 907a is supplied to the combustor 908, and air is supplied to the combustor 908 by an air pump. In the combustor 908, oxygen in the air and unreacted hydrogen react with each other by a catalyst to generate combustion heat. The combustion heat is used for the reaction of the reformer 905 and the carbon monoxide remover 906.

図４に示されたシステム全体はノート型パーソナルコンピュータ、ＰＤＡ、電子手帳、デジタルカメラ、携帯電話機、腕時計、レジスタ、プロジェクタといった電子機器に搭載され、燃料電池９０７が電子機器の電源として用いられる。   The entire system shown in FIG. 4 is mounted on an electronic device such as a notebook personal computer, PDA, electronic notebook, digital camera, mobile phone, wristwatch, register, projector, and a fuel cell 907 is used as a power source for the electronic device.

なお、図３に示された気化装置１０１を図４のシステムに適用する場合には、第１液導入口１７４がポンプ９０４に接続され、第２液導入口１７２がポンプ９０３に接続され、カートリッジ９０２から第１液導入口１７４へ水が供給され、カートリッジ９０１から第２液導入口１７２へ液体燃料が供給される。
また、燃料が水よりも沸点が高い場合は、燃料を第１液導入口７２に導入し、水を第２液導入部１３に導入すればよい。 When the vaporizer 101 shown in FIG. 3 is applied to the system of FIG. 4, the first liquid inlet 174 is connected to the pump 904, the second liquid inlet 172 is connected to the pump 903, and the cartridge Water is supplied from 902 to the first liquid inlet 174, and liquid fuel is supplied from the cartridge 901 to the second liquid inlet 172.
If the fuel has a boiling point higher than that of water, the fuel may be introduced into the first liquid introduction port 72 and water may be introduced into the second liquid introduction part 13.

実験を行った。実験では、比較例として図５に示すような気化装置５０１を用いた。この気化装置５０１は、図１の仕切部４と第１の吸液部３と第２の吸液部２の一体物を一本の円柱状の吸液部５０２に代え、弾性チューブ６を長くし、第１液導入部７を外したものである。以上のことを除いて、気化装置５０１は気化装置１と同じであり、ポンプを流量計に接続し、その流量計を弾性チューブ６に接続し、排出口８２の排出孔８２ａを開放した。また、吸液部５０２の条件は以下のようにした。
（ａ）吸液部５０２（円柱体）：気孔率４１％、粒径：３０μｍ、直径１．５ｍｍ、長さ１０．０ｍｍ、先端２ｍｍを収容部８１を介して発熱体１０により１３０℃に加熱。
（ｂ）排出部８：材質 黄銅、排出孔８２ａの内径０．５ｍｍ The experiment was conducted. In the experiment, a vaporizer 501 as shown in FIG. 5 was used as a comparative example. This vaporizing apparatus 501 replaces the integral part of the partition part 4, the first liquid absorption part 3 and the second liquid absorption part 2 in FIG. 1 with a single cylindrical liquid absorption part 502, and makes the elastic tube 6 long. The first liquid introduction part 7 is removed. Except for the above, the vaporizer 501 is the same as the vaporizer 1, and the pump was connected to a flow meter, the flow meter was connected to the elastic tube 6, and the discharge hole 82a of the discharge port 82 was opened. Moreover, the conditions of the liquid absorption part 502 were as follows.
(A) Liquid absorbing portion 502 (cylindrical body): porosity 41%, particle size: 30 μm, diameter 1.5 mm, length 10.0 mm, and tip 2 mm are heated to 130 ° C. by the heating element 10 through the accommodating portion 81. .
(B) Discharge part 8: material brass, inner diameter of discharge hole 82a 0.5 mm

発熱体１０を加熱にしない状態で、６０ｗｔ％のメタノール水溶液をポンプ（電気浸透流ポンプ）によって流量計を通して弾性チューブ６に送液し、流量計でメタノール水溶液の流量を流量計で測定した。流量の測定結果を図６に示す。なお、ポンプの流量の設定値は６０μｌ／ｍｉｎにした。   In a state where the heating element 10 was not heated, a 60 wt% aqueous methanol solution was fed to the elastic tube 6 through a flow meter by a pump (electroosmotic pump), and the flow rate of the aqueous methanol solution was measured with the flow meter. The measurement result of the flow rate is shown in FIG. The set value of the pump flow rate was 60 μl / min.

発熱体１０を１３０℃に加熱した状態で、６０ｗｔ％のメタノール水溶液をポンプ（電気浸透流ポンプ）によって流量計を通して弾性チューブ６に送液し、流量計でメタノール水溶液の流量を流量計で測定した。流量の測定結果を図７に示す。図７から明らかなように、共沸点を持たないメタノール水溶液では、流量のピークが短時間の間に頻発に発生し、メタノール水溶液に脈動が生じていた。更に、流量の変動も大きかった。なお、脈動の１周期は、図７の流量のピークから次の流量のピークまでの時間である。短期間で最大で１０μｌ／ｍｉｎ近くの流量変化がみられた。   With the heating element 10 heated to 130 ° C., a 60 wt% aqueous methanol solution was sent to the elastic tube 6 through a flow meter by a pump (electroosmotic flow pump), and the flow rate of the aqueous methanol solution was measured with the flow meter. . The flow rate measurement results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 7, in the aqueous methanol solution having no azeotropic point, the flow rate peak frequently occurred in a short time, and pulsation occurred in the aqueous methanol solution. Furthermore, the fluctuation of the flow rate was large. One period of pulsation is the time from the peak of the flow rate in FIG. 7 to the peak of the next flow rate. A change in flow rate of up to 10 μl / min was observed in a short period.

そして、図１に示す構造の気化装置１において、発熱体１０を１３０℃に加熱した状態で、第１液導入部７に純水をポンプ（電気浸透流ポンプ）によって送液したときの送液量、第２液導入部１３にメタノールをポンプ（シリンジポンプ）によって送液したときの送液量をそれぞれ図８、図９に示す。気化装置１は下記の条件に設定されている。
（ａ）第２の吸液部２（円柱体）：気孔率４１％、直径１．５ｍｍ、長さ２０．０ｍｍ、
（ｂ）仕切部４（円筒管）：材質SUS316、内径１．５ｍｍ、厚さ０．１ｍｍ、長さ２０．０ｍｍ、
（ｃ）第１の吸液部３（円筒体）：気孔率４１％、外径２．３ｍｍ、長さ１０．０ｍｍ、先端２ｍｍを収容部８１を介して発熱体１０により１３０℃に加熱。
（ｄ）排出部８：黄銅 排出孔８２ａの径 ｍｍ
図８から明らかなように、第１の吸液部３内には純水しかないために流量に著しい乱高下はなく安定して送液できている。
図９から明らかなように、第２の吸液部２内にはメタノールしかないために流量に著しい乱高下はなく安定して送液できている。
なお、図９において、０秒からおおよそ１１０秒にかけて流量が徐々に増え、おおよそ１１０秒後は流量が徐々に減っていったのは、シリンジポンプの特性に因る。 Then, in the vaporizer 1 having the structure shown in FIG. 1, liquid supply when pure water is supplied to the first liquid introduction part 7 by a pump (electroosmotic flow pump) in a state where the heating element 10 is heated to 130 ° C. FIGS. 8 and 9 show the amount of liquid and the amount of liquid when methanol is fed to the second liquid introduction part 13 by a pump (syringe pump), respectively. The vaporizer 1 is set to the following conditions.
(A) Second liquid absorbing part 2 (cylindrical body): porosity 41%, diameter 1.5 mm, length 20.0 mm,
(B) Partition 4 (cylindrical tube): material SUS316, inner diameter 1.5 mm, thickness 0.1 mm, length 20.0 mm,
(C) 1st liquid absorption part 3 (cylindrical body): Porosity 41%, outer diameter 2.3mm, length 10.0mm, and tip 2mm are heated to 130 degreeC with the heat generating body 10 through the accommodating part 81. FIG.
(D) Discharge part 8: Brass Diameter of discharge hole 82a mm
As apparent from FIG. 8, since there is only pure water in the first liquid absorption part 3, the flow rate is not significantly fluctuated and the liquid can be fed stably.
As is clear from FIG. 9, since there is only methanol in the second liquid absorption part 2, the flow rate is not significantly fluctuated and the liquid can be sent stably.
In FIG. 9, the flow rate gradually increased from 0 seconds to approximately 110 seconds and gradually decreased after approximately 110 seconds, due to the characteristics of the syringe pump.

以上の実験からわかるように、共沸点を持たないメタノール水溶液を気化すると、大きな脈動が生じていたが、水単体及びメタノール単体では大きな脈動が生じていなかった。そのため、上記実施形態の気化装置１や気化装置１０１のように２種類の液体を別々に気化装置１や気化装置１０１に供給して別々に気化すれば、２種類の液体を安定して気化することができる。   As can be seen from the above experiments, when a methanol aqueous solution having no azeotropic point was vaporized, a large pulsation occurred, but a single pulsation of water and methanol alone did not generate a large pulsation. Therefore, if two types of liquids are separately supplied to the vaporizer 1 and the vaporizer 101 and vaporized separately like the vaporizer 1 and vaporizer 101 of the above embodiment, the two types of liquid are stably vaporized. be able to.

図１０は、気化装置１において、発熱体１０を１３０℃に加熱した状態で第１の吸液部３に相対的に高沸点の水、第２の吸液部２に相対的に低沸点のメタノールを供給した際の温度勾配を示したデータである。第１の吸液部３及び第２の吸液部２の排出側端部は比較的ムラなく加熱されているため、広範囲の領域でいずれの液体の沸点に達しているため、良好に水及びメタノールを気化できることがわかる。   FIG. 10 shows that in the vaporizer 1, the heating element 10 is heated to 130 ° C., the first liquid absorption part 3 has a relatively high boiling point water, and the second liquid absorption part 2 has a relatively low boiling point. It is the data which showed the temperature gradient at the time of supplying methanol. Since the discharge side end portions of the first liquid absorption portion 3 and the second liquid absorption portion 2 are heated relatively uniformly, since the boiling point of any liquid is reached in a wide area, water and It can be seen that methanol can be vaporized.

図１１は、気化装置１において、発熱体１０を１３０℃に加熱した状態で第１の吸液部３に相対的に低沸点のメタノール、第２の吸液部２に相対的に高沸点の水を供給した際の温度勾配を示したデータである。第１の吸液部３はメタノールの沸点を著しく超えて過剰にメタノールが気化されるのに対して、第２の吸液部２の排出側端部では、第１の吸液部３でのメタノール気化での吸熱によって十分な熱量が伝わらず、水の沸点に達している領域が少なく、水が十分な気化量に達していない。   FIG. 11 shows that in the vaporizer 1, the heating element 10 is heated to 130 ° C., the first liquid-absorbing part 3 has a relatively low boiling point methanol, and the second liquid-absorbing part 2 has a relatively high boiling point. It is the data which showed the temperature gradient at the time of supplying water. The first liquid absorption part 3 significantly exceeds the boiling point of methanol and excessively vaporizes methanol, whereas at the discharge side end of the second liquid absorption part 2, the first liquid absorption part 3 A sufficient amount of heat is not transferred due to the endotherm of methanol vaporization, and there are few regions that reach the boiling point of water, and water does not reach a sufficient amount of vaporization.

第１の吸液部、第２の吸液部、仕切部の同心となる中心軸に沿った縦断面における第１実施形態の気化装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the vaporization apparatus of 1st Embodiment in the longitudinal cross section along the central axis used as the concentric of a 1st liquid absorption part, a 2nd liquid absorption part, and a partition part. 上記気化装置の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the said vaporization apparatus. 本体管の中心に沿った縦断面における第２実施形態の気化装置の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vaporization apparatus of 2nd Embodiment in the longitudinal cross section along the center of a main body pipe | tube. 気化装置をカートリッジ、ポンプ、改質器、一酸化炭素除去器、燃料電池及び燃焼器とともに示したブロック図である。It is the block diagram which showed the vaporization apparatus with the cartridge, the pump, the reformer, the carbon monoxide remover, the fuel cell, and the combustor. 実験で用いた気化装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the vaporization apparatus used in experiment. ポンプでメタノール水溶液を気化装置に供給した場合においてそのメタノール水溶液の流量の測定結果である。It is the measurement result of the flow volume of the methanol aqueous solution when supplying the methanol aqueous solution to the vaporizer by the pump. ポンプでメタノール水溶液を気化装置に供給した場合においてそのメタノール水溶液の流量の測定結果である。It is the measurement result of the flow volume of the methanol aqueous solution when supplying the methanol aqueous solution to the vaporizer by the pump. ポンプで純水を気化装置に供給した場合においてその純水の流量の測定結果である。It is a measurement result of the flow rate of pure water when pure water is supplied to the vaporizer by the pump. ポンプで純メタノールを気化装置に供給した場合においてその順メタノールの流量の測定結果である。It is a measurement result of the flow rate of the forward methanol when pure methanol is supplied to the vaporizer by the pump. 第１の吸液部に水、第２の吸液部にメタノールを供給した気化装置の温度勾配を示したデータである。It is the data which showed the temperature gradient of the vaporizer which supplied water to the 1st liquid absorption part, and supplied methanol to the 2nd liquid absorption part. 第１の吸液部にメタノール、第２の吸液部に水を供給した気化装置の温度勾配を示したデータである。It is the data which showed the temperature gradient of the vaporizer which supplied methanol to the 1st liquid absorption part, and supplied water to the 2nd liquid absorption part.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、１０１ 気化装置
２、１０２ 第２の吸液部
３、１０３ 第１の吸液部
４ 仕切部
５ 収縮性チューブ
６ 弾性チューブ
７ 第１液導入部
８ 排出部
１０ 発熱体
１０４ 仕切部
１０９ 本体管
１１０ 発熱体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,101 Vaporizer 2,102 2nd liquid absorption part 3,103 1st liquid absorption part 4 Partition part 5 Contractile tube 6 Elastic tube 7 1st liquid introduction part 8 Discharge part 10 Heating body 104 Partition part 109 Main body Tube 110 Heating element

Claims (5)

一端部と他端部とが開口を有する筒状の仕切り部と、
前記他端部側から第２液体を吸収し、外周面が前記仕切り部の内周面に密接している第２の吸液部と、
前記他端部側から前記第２液体より沸点が高い第１液体を吸収し、内周面が前記仕切り部の外周面に密接している第１の吸液部と、
内周面が前記第１の吸液部の外周面に密接している収容部と、
前記収容部の外周面に密接して設けられ、前記第１の吸液部及び前記第２の吸液部を加熱し前記第１液体及び前記第２液体を気化する発熱体と、
を備えることを特徴とする気化装置。 A cylindrical partition having an opening at one end and the other end ;
Absorbs second liquid body from said other end, and a second liquid suction portion outer peripheral surface that is closely to the inner circumferential surface of the partition portion,
A first liquid-absorbing part that absorbs a first liquid having a boiling point higher than that of the second liquid from the other end side, and an inner peripheral surface of which is in close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the partition;
An accommodating portion whose inner circumferential surface is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the first liquid-absorbing portion;
Closely provided on the outer peripheral surface of the receiving portion, a heating element for vaporizing the first liquid suction portion and the second liquid suction unit heating the first liquid member and the second liquid body,
A vaporizing device comprising: 請求項１に記載の気化装置において、前記第１の吸液部の一端部及び前記第２の吸液部の一端部が連通する空間が設けられていることを特徴とする気化装置。 The vaporizer according to claim 1 , wherein a space is provided in which one end of the first liquid absorption part and one end of the second liquid absorption part communicate with each other. 請求項１又は２に記載の気化装置において、前記発熱体は、前記第１の吸液部の一端部を前記第１液体の沸点以上に加熱するとともに前記第１の吸液部の他端部を前記第１液体の沸点未満に設定し、前記第２の吸液部の一端部を前記第２液体の沸点以上に加熱するとともに前記第２の吸液部の他端部を前記第２液体の沸点未満に設定することを特徴とする気化装置。 In vaporization apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating element, the other end of the first liquid suction portion while heating the end portion of the first liquid suction portion above the boiling point of the first liquid member set parts to below the boiling point of the first liquid member, the other end portion of the second liquid suction portion while heating the end portion of the second liquid suction portion above the boiling point of the second liquid member vaporizer, characterized in that the set below the boiling point of the second liquid member. 請求項１〜３の何れか一項に記載の気化装置において、前記発熱体は、前記第１の吸液部を介して前記第２の吸液部を加熱することを特徴とする気化装置。 In vaporization apparatus according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein the heating element, vaporizer, which comprises heating the second liquid suction unit through the first liquid suction unit. 請求項１〜４の何れか一項に記載の気化装置を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池。 A fuel cell comprising the vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .
JP2006043708A 2006-02-21 2006-02-21 Vaporizer, fuel cell equipped with vaporizer Expired - Fee Related JP5140931B2 (en)

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US11/708,509 US7971862B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2007-02-20 Vaporizer, fuel cell having vaporizer, and vaporizing method
KR1020070017595A KR100840447B1 (en) 2006-02-21 2007-02-21 Vaporizer, fuel cell having vaporizer, and vaporizing method
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