JP5129442B2 - Liquid charged substance concentration control device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention directly adjusts the liquid quality such as the concentration and the abundance ratio of charged substances such as ions existing in the liquid only by electrical control, thereby providing a liquid charged substance concentration and the like. those related to the concentration regulating equipment for charging liquid substances that can be adjusted with high accuracy by a relatively simple device quality.

  Conventionally, liquids having various characteristics have been used in various industrial fields. Such a liquid is used by adjusting various liquid qualities such as pH, electric resistance, concentration, density, viscosity, color, taste and the like so as to have the most appropriate characteristics according to the application. Such liquid quality can be controlled mainly by controlling the ion concentration. In particular, pH, electrical resistance, and the like are mainly controlled by controlling the ion concentration.

  As an ion concentration control method as described above, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1 below, the ion concentration of a liquid to be controlled is detected, and a predetermined chemical is replenished so that the ion concentration becomes a target level. What is done by doing is disclosed.

  Moreover, as shown in the following Patent Document 2, by allowing the liquid to permeate through the ion permeable membrane while electrolyzing the liquid, it is separated into acidic water and alkaline water and introduced into a salt water tank provided with a pH sensor, There has been disclosed a method in which the pH of salt water is controlled to a desired value by adjusting the introduction amount of acidic water and alkaline water based on a detection signal of a pH sensor.

  Furthermore, as shown in Patent Document 3 below, a method is disclosed in which the area of the cathode is made larger than the area of the anode to decompose and remove nitrogen compounds in the water to be treated by an electrochemical method.

Furthermore, as shown in Patent Documents 4 and 5 below, a technique is disclosed in which a direct current is applied to two electrodes existing in a liquid to remove and collect ions in the liquid.
JP 2001-103855 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-299457 JP 2002-248474 A JP-A-6-325983 Japanese National Patent Publication No. 11-505463

  However, in the method as described in Patent Document 1, in addition to the solution tank to be controlled, a replenishing chemical tank and pumps and pipes for replenishing the chemical are required for the number of types of chemicals required. As a result, the equipment becomes large. In the method of Patent Document 2 as well, the acidic water and alkaline water to be introduced are not stored in the tank but are only generated by electrolysis, and the electrolysis is performed in addition to the solution tank (salt water tank) to be controlled. Equipment and piping are required, and the equipment becomes large. For this reason, in any of the above methods, there is a problem that the equipment is complicated and large, and equipment costs and maintenance costs are required. Moreover, since the method of Patent Document 2 requires an ion-permeable membrane, maintenance such as replacement and regeneration is necessary, and it is a fact that a great deal of cost is required to maintain the equipment.

  Further, in any of the methods disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the adjustment liquid is merely replenished so that the ion concentration and pH become the target level, and the control target solution itself is not directly controlled. . When such adjustment liquid is replenished, there are problems that variations in the characteristics of the adjustment liquid affect control accuracy, and variations in adjustment accuracy due to excessive replenishment are likely to occur. Also, when trying to finely adjust the ion concentration or pH, a small amount of adjustment liquid is supplied and controlled. However, a small amount of adjustment liquid is mixed well in the tank, and the ion concentration and pH are mixed. Since it is necessary to repeatedly add a small amount of the adjustment liquid again after reflecting in the detected value, there is a problem that the fine adjustment work takes time and labor.

  Furthermore, the method shown in Patent Document 3 merely increases the cathode area than the anode area, thereby promoting the reduction reaction generated at the cathode to decompose and remove nitrogen compounds. Is controlled so as to be an arbitrary target value, and cannot be controlled. In addition, the methods shown in Patent Documents 4 and 5 are merely methods for removing ionic substances in a solution, and the liquid quality of the solution can be controlled and controlled to an arbitrary target value. Absent.

The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above. The liquid quality such as the concentration and the existence ratio of charged substances such as ions existing in the liquid such as the solution is directly controlled by the electric control. by controlling the liquid and an object thereof is to provide a concentration regulating equipment for charging liquid substances that can be adjusted with high precision with a relatively simple device.

In order to achieve the above object, a concentration adjusting apparatus for a charged substance of a liquid according to the present invention includes an anode and a cathode that are present in a liquid whose concentration is to be adjusted, a voltage supply unit that applies a DC voltage to the anode and the cathode, A pH meter for measuring the pH of the liquid,
By making the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the charged substance relatively different between the anode and the cathode, a positive ion adsorption mode that adsorbs a lot of positively charged substances existing in the liquid and a negative ion that adsorbs a lot of negatively charged substances. When adjusting the concentration of the charged substance in the liquid by selectively adsorbing a large amount of any charged substance in any of the adsorption modes ,
By detecting the pH with the pH meter, the degree of alkalinity or acidification of the liquid is detected , the positive ion adsorption mode or the negative ion adsorption mode is performed, and the concentration of the charged substance in the liquid is set toward the target value. The gist is that it is configured to adjust .

  In other words, the concentration adjusting device for a charged substance of a liquid according to the present invention is such that a positively charged substance and a negatively charged substance existing in the liquid are obtained by making the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the charged substance relatively different between the anode and the cathode. One of these is selectively adsorbed to adjust the concentration of the charged substance in the liquid. As a result, it is possible to adjust the existence ratio, that is, the concentration balance, of the positively charged substance and the negatively charged substance that originally existed in the liquid to be adjusted. For example, when the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode is set to be larger than that of the cathode, the amount of adsorption of the negatively charged substance originally present in the liquid becomes larger than that of the positively charged substance. As a result, it is possible to control the existence ratio of the positively charged substance that was originally present (even if a new negatively charged substance is generated in the liquid) to be higher than the negatively charged substance that was originally present. Become. On the other hand, when the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the cathode is set to be larger than that of the anode, the amount of adsorption of the positively charged substance originally present in the liquid becomes larger than that of the negatively charged substance. As a result, it is possible to control the existence ratio of the negatively charged substance that was originally present (even if a new positively charged substance is generated in the liquid) to be higher than the positively charged substance that was originally present. Become. As described above, the concentration balance between the positively charged substance and the negatively charged substance originally present in the liquid can be controlled.

As described above, since the liquid can be directly controlled by electrical control of the concentration and the existence ratio of the charged substance existing in the liquid to be controlled, the adjustment liquid is stored as in the past. Electrolyzers for producing tanks and liquids for adjustment and complicated piping are not required, and the equipment has been greatly simplified and miniaturized, making it possible to greatly reduce equipment costs and maintenance costs. Further, since the conventional ion exchange membrane is not required, maintenance of the ion exchange membrane is also unnecessary. Moreover, since the adjustment target liquid is not directly replenished as in the prior art, the control target solution itself is directly controlled, so that variations in the characteristics of the adjustment liquid affect the control accuracy, or variations in adjustment accuracy due to excessive replenishment. The problem of the occurrence of the problem is completely solved.
Further, a pH meter for measuring the pH of the liquid is provided, and the liquid is detected by detecting the pH by detecting the pH by the pH meter, thereby detecting the degree of alkalinity or acidification of the liquid. The degree of alkalinization or acidification of can be detected.
In addition, either of the positive ion adsorption mode that adsorbs a lot of positively charged substances existing in the liquid and the negative ion adsorption mode that adsorbs a lot of negatively charged substances can selectively adsorb any one of the charged substances. When adjusting the concentration of the charged substance, by detecting the pH with the pH meter, the degree of alkalinity or acidification of the liquid is detected, and the positive ion adsorption mode or the negative ion adsorption mode is performed. The concentration of the charged substance can be adjusted toward the target value.

In the present invention, a direct current voltage is applied to the anode and the cathode to selectively adsorb either a positively charged substance or a negatively charged substance in the liquid, and the anode and the cathode are short-circuited or It has a switching means for switching between a reverse polarity and a discharge mode for discharging the charged substance that has been adsorbed to the anode and the cathode until then ,
In the adsorption mode, when configured to switch to the release mode by the switching means when the pH by the pH meter exceeds a predetermined threshold ,
In the adsorption mode, the concentration balance between the positively charged substance and the negatively charged substance that originally existed in the liquid is adjusted. If the adsorption is continued as it is, the limit of the adsorption capacity is reached. Therefore, in such a case, the switching means is switched to the emission mode, and the anode and the cathode are short-circuited or reversed in polarity to release the charged substances that have been adsorbed to the anode and the cathode until then. Thus, the anode and the cathode can be regenerated.
Further, when the pH exceeds a predetermined threshold value in the adsorption mode, the electrode can be regenerated by switching to the release mode.

  In the present invention, when the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode is set to be larger than that of the cathode, if the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode is set to be larger than that of the cathode, an anode having a large electrostatic adsorption capacity can be obtained. On the other hand, the adsorption amount of the negatively charged substance originally present in the liquid becomes larger than the adsorption amount of the positively charged substance on the cathode having a small electrostatic adsorption capability. As a result, even if a new negatively charged substance is generated in the liquid, the existence ratio of the positively charged substance that originally existed can be controlled to be higher than the negatively charged substance that originally existed. It becomes.

  In the present invention, when the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the cathode is set to be larger than that of the anode, the adsorption amount of the positively charged substance originally present in the liquid with respect to the cathode having a large electrostatic adsorption capacity is More than the amount of negatively charged substance adsorbed on the anode having a small electrostatic adsorption capacity. As a result, even if a new positively charged substance is generated in the liquid, the ratio of the negatively charged substance that was originally present can be controlled to be higher than that of the positively charged substance that was originally present. It becomes.

  In the present invention, when the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the charged substance is relatively different by changing the surface area, the anode and the cathode have a larger surface area than an electrode with a smaller surface area. Since many charged substances are adsorbed, it is possible to operate by appropriately setting the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the electrode by appropriately selecting the material of the electrode and appropriately setting the size and number of the electrodes.

In the present invention,
  A treatment tank provided with an introduction path for introducing the liquid to be treated and a discharge path for discharging the treated liquid;
  An adsorption mode in which a DC voltage is applied to the anode and the cathode to selectively adsorb either a positively charged substance or a negatively charged substance in the liquid, and the anode and the cathode are reversed in polarity. Comprising a switching means for switching between a discharge mode for discharging the charged substance adsorbed on each cathode,
  When it is detected by the pH meter that the concentration of any charged substance exceeds the target value, when the anode and the cathode are switched to the opposite polarity by the switching means to control the target concentration,
  It is possible to control the continuously flowing liquid so that the target ion concentration always becomes the target ion concentration, and it is possible to continuously control the target liquid quality and continuously generate the liquid of the target liquid quality. It becomes like this.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of an ion concentration adjusting apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

  The ion concentration adjusting device includes an anode 6 and a cathode 7 that are present in a liquid that is an ion concentration adjusting object stored in the storage tank 1, and a DC power supply device (voltage supply) that applies a DC voltage to the anode 6 and the cathode 7. 4), the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are relatively different in ion electrostatic adsorption ability. As a result, either a positive ion or a negative ion existing in the liquid is selectively adsorbed to adjust the ion concentration of the liquid.

  In this example, the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode 6 is set to be larger than that of the cathode 7. Specifically, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 have relatively different electrostatic adsorption capacities by different surface areas. The surface area of the anode 6 is larger than the surface area of the cathode 7.

  In order to make the surface areas of the anode 6 and the cathode 7 different, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 can be made of different materials, or the number and size of the anode 6 and the cathode 7 can be made different.

When the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are made of a combination of different materials, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 having relatively different surface areas can be combined with, for example, the anode 6 having a relatively large surface area, a sintered body of metal powder, and a plate shape. Using porous materials such as activated carbon, activated carbon nonwoven fabric, conductive ceramics such as silicon carbide, carbon aerogel (carbon sheet mainly composed of mesopores having a BET specific surface area adjusted to 500 to 2500 m ² / g and having a pore diameter of 2 to 50 nm) By using various metal materials such as stainless steel, titanium, nickel, copper, platinum, gold, and conductive materials such as carbon for the cathode 7 with a small surface area, the specific surface area and the actual surface area are made different, and the electrostatic adsorption capability Can be made different.

  Although not shown, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are made of the same material, and the number of anodes 6 is made larger than that of the cathode 7 or the size of the anode 6 is made larger than that of the cathode 7. The surface area can be made different and the electrostatic adsorption ability can be made different.

  The anode 6 and the cathode 7 are preferably plate-shaped, and the thickness is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 5 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm. Although the space | interval of the anode 6 and the cathode 7 is not specifically limited, About 0.1-5 mm is preferable, More preferably, it is about 0.5-2 mm. It should be noted that the distance between the anode 6 and the cathode 7 does not preclude being set to 0.1 mm or less as long as the liquid passes through and does not hinder the adsorption and release of ions.

  When a metal plate is used as the electrode, a metal plate subjected to plating or surface modification can be used. For example, the surface layer of a stainless steel plate may be subjected to a low temperature carburizing treatment after a fluorination treatment to form a carbon diffusion permeation layer in which chromium carbide is not substantially precipitated. Moreover, what plated platinum on the titanium plate can also be used. Since these are extremely excellent in corrosion resistance, they are preferably used.

  Here, the combinations in which the surface areas of the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are different are as follows: (1) When materials having the same apparent area and different specific surface areas are used for the anode 6 and the cathode 7, (2) the anode 6 and the cathode 7 In the case where the apparent area is different using a material having the same specific surface area, (3) the case where the apparent area is further different using materials having different specific surface areas for the anode 6 and the cathode 7, and the like. That is, the different electrostatic attraction capabilities are intended to include both cases.

The specific surface area refers to the sum of the true surface areas per 1 g of the substance constituting the electrode. Here, it refers to the BET specific surface area, and the unit is m ² / g. On the other hand, the apparent area refers to the maximum projected area in the case of a plate-shaped electrode. The sum of the area of the front surface and the area of the back surface may or may not be added, but here, the maximum projected area that does not add up the front and back is handled. And a real surface area means the sum total of the surface area computed from the said specific surface area, and the following relational expression is formed.
T = S × V × G
T: Real surface area (m ² ) S: Specific surface area (m ² / g)
V: Volume of electrode (m ³ ) G: Specific gravity of electrode (g / m ³ )

  Further, the ion concentration adjusting device short-circuits the anode 6 and the cathode 7 with an adsorption mode in which a DC voltage is applied to the anode 6 and the cathode 7 to selectively adsorb a large amount of negative ions in the liquid. A switching device (switching means) 5 is provided for switching between emission modes for emitting ions that have been adsorbed on the anode 6 and the cathode 7 until then.

  Further, the ion concentration adjusting device includes an ammeter 12 that detects a current flowing between the anode 6 and the cathode 7 in the adsorption mode. The ion concentration adjusting device includes a pH meter 10 that measures the pH of the liquid in the adsorption mode.

Upper Symbol pH meter 10, the how much alkalized liquid detects by measuring the pH of the liquid directly.

  In addition, the control circuit 8 can be notified by turning on the signal lamp 13 as a notifying means when the pH detected by the pH meter 10 exceeds a predetermined threshold value. When the signal lamp 13 is turned on, the pH detected by the pH meter 10 is not less than a predetermined threshold, that is, the degree of alkalinization of the liquid can be detected.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, in the above configuration, by applying a DC voltage to the anode 6 and the cathode 7, negative ions present in the liquid are adsorbed on the anode 6, and the cathode 7 Adsorbs positive ions present in the liquid. The anode 6 has a larger surface area than the cathode 7 and has a larger capacity for electrostatic adsorption of negative ions, so that a large amount of negative ions in the liquid is selectively adsorbed. As a result, it is possible to adjust the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the liquid to be controlled, that is, the concentration balance.

  That is, in the illustrated example, a porous electrode having a large surface area is used as the anode 6 and a plate electrode having a small surface area is used as the cathode 7. Thus, if the surface area of the anode 6 is set to be larger than that of the cathode 7, the amount of negative ions adsorbed can be increased more than that of positive ions. As a result, the amount of adsorption of negative ions or the like originally present in the liquid to the anode 6 increases, and as a result, the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the liquid to be controlled, that is, the concentration balance. Can be controlled.

For example, when the liquid to be controlled is an aqueous NaCl solution, Na ⁺ as positive ions and Cl ⁻ as negative ions are present equally. In this state, when more Cl ⁻ is adsorbed on the anode 6, water causes an electrode reaction on the cathode 7 side in order to maintain the electrical neutrality of the entire liquid, and OH ⁻ corresponding to the remaining Na ⁺ is generated. To do. As a result, Na ⁺ and OH ⁻ are present in the entire liquid, and an alkaline aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is considered to be generated.

Although the above description has been given in the case of an NaCl aqueous solution for the sake of clarity, positive ions and negative ions are present in the original liquid even in other liquids, and in this state, negative ions are present at the anode 6. When a larger amount is adsorbed, water causes an electrode reaction on the cathode 7 side in order to maintain electrical neutrality as a whole liquid, and OH ⁻ is generated. As a result, it is considered that the entire liquid is alkalized.

  That is, as in this example, the anode 6 having a relatively large surface area and a large electrostatic adsorption capability and the cathode 7 having a relatively small surface area and a small electrostatic adsorption capability are present in the liquid and a DC voltage is applied. As a result, the liquid can be alkalized.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), when the pH detected by the p H meter 10 is that liquid equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold is turn into an alkali, extraction of the electrodes 6 and 7 from the conditioned liquid other The anode 6 and the cathode 7 are short-circuited to switch to the emission mode, and the ions adsorbed on the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are released so far. 7 is played.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of an ion concentration adjusting device to which the present invention is applied.

  In this example, contrary to the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the electrostatic adsorption capability of the cathode 7 is set to be larger than that of the anode 6. Other than that, it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment of FIG. 1, and the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part.

  Specifically, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 have different electrostatic adsorption capacities by making the surface areas different, and the surface area of the cathode 7 is larger than the surface area of the anode 6. ing. Specific examples of combinations of electrodes 6 and 7 having relatively different surface areas are as described above.

Therefore, in the adsorption mode, by applying a DC voltage to the anode 6 and the cathode 7 selectively more adsorbed positive ions in the liquid, signal lamp directly test knowledge the pH of the liquid at p H meter 10 by turning on the 13, it is adapted to or detects how much acidification liquids.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, in the above configuration, by applying a DC voltage to the anode 6 and the cathode 7, positive ions present in the liquid are adsorbed on the cathode 7, and Adsorbs negative ions present in the liquid. The cathode 7 has a larger surface area than the anode 6 and has a larger electrostatic adsorption capacity for positive ions. In other words, the illustrated example uses a porous electrode having a large surface area as the cathode 7 and a plate electrode having a small surface area as the anode 6.

  Thus, if the surface area of the cathode 7 is set to be larger than that of the anode 6, the amount of adsorption of positive ions can be increased more than that of negative ions. As a result, the amount of adsorption of positive ions or the like originally present in the liquid to the cathode 7 increases, and as a result, the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the liquid to be controlled, that is, the concentration balance. Can be controlled.

For example, when the liquid to be controlled is an NaCl aqueous solution as in the above-described example, Na ⁺ as positive ions and Cl ⁻ as negative ions are present equally. In this state, when more Na ⁺ is adsorbed on the cathode 7, water causes an electrode reaction on the anode 6 side in order to maintain the electrical neutrality of the entire liquid, and H ⁺ is generated. As a result, H ⁺ and Cl ⁻ are present in the entire liquid, and an acidic hydrogen chloride aqueous solution is considered to be generated.

In the above description, the case of the NaCl aqueous solution has been described for the sake of clarity. However, even in other liquids, positive ions and negative ions are present in the original liquid, and in this state, positive ions are present in the cathode 7. If more of these are adsorbed, water causes an electrode reaction on the anode 6 side in order to maintain the electrical neutrality of the entire liquid, and H ⁺ is generated. As a result, it is considered that the entire liquid is acidified.

  That is, as in this example, a cathode 7 having a relatively large surface area and a large electrostatic adsorption capability and an anode 6 having a relatively small surface area and a small electrostatic adsorption capability are present in the liquid and a DC voltage is applied. As a result, the liquid can be acidified.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), when the pH detected by the p H meter 10 is that liquid equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value turn into acidic extracts the both electrodes 6 and 7 from the conditioned liquid other The anode 6 and the cathode 7 are short-circuited to switch to the emission mode, and the ions adsorbed on the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are released so far. 7 is played.

  In the above description, the first and second embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have described the state in which the polarity of the DC voltage applied to the electrodes 6 and 7 is fixed, respectively, but the first embodiment ( In the apparatus of FIG. 1), the second embodiment (FIG. 2) is realized by switching the polarity applied to both electrodes 6 and 7 of the DC power supply device 4, and the apparatus of the second embodiment (FIG. 2). In FIG. 1, the first embodiment (FIG. 1) is realized by switching the polarity applied to both electrodes 6 and 7 of the DC power supply device 4.

  That is, in the above device, the control circuit 8 or the switching device 5 controls the polarity applied to both the electrodes 6 and 7 of the DC power supply device 4 to switch the positive ions originally present in the liquid. Switching between the positive ion adsorption mode (second embodiment (FIG. 2)) that adsorbs a large amount and the first embodiment (FIG. 1) of the negative ion adsorption mode that adsorbs a lot of negative ions originally present in the liquid. It can also be done.

  Then, the switching device 5 is switched according to the purpose, and the operation is performed in the plus ion adsorption mode or the minus ion adsorption mode. For example, when acidifying a liquid for the purpose of sterilization, it is operated in the positive ion adsorption mode, and when the liquid is alkalized for improving osmotic power or health-oriented, it can be operated in the negative ion adsorption mode. Done.

  Furthermore, by reversibly switching between the plus ion adsorption mode and the minus ion adsorption mode, the adsorption and release of plus ions and minus ions are controlled reversibly, and the ion concentration and abundance ratio in the liquid toward the target value. The liquid quality of the liquid may be controlled to a target characteristic. In this case, switching between the plus ion adsorption mode and the minus ion adsorption mode is based on the pH detected by the pH meter 10 and is operated in the minus ion adsorption mode so that the pH is raised and alkalized if the pH is lower than the target value. If the pH is higher than the target value, the operation is performed in the positive ion adsorption mode so as to acidify by lowering the pH.

  In this way, both the adsorption and release of ions to and from the electrodes 6 and 7 existing in the liquid are reversibly controlled, and the concentration and ratio of ions and the like in the liquid are controlled to target values. Will be able to.

  With the above configuration, by making the anode 6 and the cathode 7 have relatively different electrostatic adsorption capacities of ions, a large amount of either positive ions or negative ions existing in the liquid can be selectively adsorbed. Adjust the ion concentration of the liquid. As a result, it is possible to adjust the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the liquid to be adjusted, that is, the concentration balance.

  If the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode 6 is set to be larger than that of the cathode 7, the negative ion adsorption amount originally present in the liquid is larger than the positive ions. As a result, even if new negative ions are generated in the liquid, it is possible to control the presence ratio of the positive ions that were originally present to be higher than the negative ions that were originally present.

  On the other hand, when the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the cathode 7 is set to be larger than that of the anode 6, the amount of positive ions adsorbed originally in the liquid is larger than that of negative ions. As a result, even if new positive ions are generated in the liquid, it is possible to control the abundance ratio of negative ions that were originally present to be higher than the positive ions that were originally present.

  In this way, since the concentration and ratio of ions present in the liquid to be controlled can be directly controlled by electrical control, the tank for storing the adjustment liquid as in the past This eliminates the need for an electrolyzer for producing liquids for adjustment and complicated piping associated therewith, and greatly simplifies and downsizes the equipment, thereby greatly reducing equipment costs and maintenance costs. Further, since the conventional ion exchange membrane is not required, maintenance of the ion exchange membrane is also unnecessary. In addition, since the adjustment liquid is not replenished directly as in the conventional case, the control target liquid itself is directly controlled, so that variations in the characteristics of the adjustment liquid affect the control accuracy, and variations in adjustment accuracy due to excessive replenishment. The problem of the occurrence of the problem is completely solved.

  In addition, since the switching device 5 for switching between the adsorption mode and the discharge mode is provided, in the adsorption mode, the concentration balance of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the liquid is adjusted. The limit of adsorption capacity is reached. In such a case, the switching device 5 is switched so that the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are short-circuited or reversed in polarity, and the ions previously adsorbed on the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are released. By doing so, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 can be regenerated.

  In addition, since the anode 6 and the cathode 7 have different electrostatic adsorption capacities by different surface areas, more ions are adsorbed to an electrode having a larger surface area than an electrode having a smaller surface area. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the electrode material and appropriately setting the size and the number of the electrodes, it is possible to operate the electrode by appropriately setting the electrostatic adsorption capability of the electrode.

  In the above description, in the emission mode, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are short-circuited. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the switching device 5 simply turns off the power and directs the direct current to the anode 6 and the cathode 7. It may be switched to cancel the application of the voltage, or the negative voltage may be applied to the anode 6 and the positive voltage may be applied to the cathode 7 to switch to the reverse polarity.

  The voltage applied to the anode 6 and the cathode 7 is not particularly limited, but is preferably set to about 0.5 to 5 V, and a range in which the liquid is not electrolyzed is preferable. Specifically, it is appropriately set according to the type of liquid, but in the case of a liquid mainly composed of water, 2 V or less is preferable, and 1.5 V or less is more preferable.

  If the liquid is electrolyzed, the liquid quality such as ion concentration changes by itself. However, by performing the adsorption and release of ions within a range that does not substantially cause the electrolysis of the liquid, Only the liquid quality is controlled, and only the electrical control applied to the electrodes 6 and 7 is reflected in the liquid quality, and other factors are eliminated, so that accurate liquid quality control is always realized and the accuracy of liquid quality control is ensured. it can. Control in such a voltage range is particularly effective when the electrodes 6 and 7 are made of a conductor that conducts electricity with a liquid such as metal or carbon. In addition, when the electrolysis of the liquid occurs, there is a disadvantage that the consumption of the electrode is accelerated and the maintenance cost is increased, and a sludge removal facility is required.

  FIG. 3 shows a first example to which the first and second embodiments are applied.

  In this device, the anode 6, the cathode 7, the DC power supply device 4, the switching device 5, the control circuit 8, the ammeter 12, the pH meter 10, and the signal lamp 13 are integrated into an integral casing. The lower side of the apparatus in the figure is an electrode portion 23 exposed in a state where a plurality of sets of anodes 6 and cathodes 7 face each other with a predetermined gap, and is immersed in a liquid. The upper side of the device in the figure is a control unit (power supply unit) 24 provided with a DC power supply device 4, a switching device 5, a control circuit 8, an ammeter 12, and a signal lamp 13. The pH meter 10 is disposed in the vicinity of the tip of the electrode part 23 immersed in the liquid.

  In this apparatus, the electrode part 23 where the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are exposed is immersed in a liquid filled in the container 20, and a DC voltage is applied between the anode 6 and the cathode 7 in this state, thereby It adjusts the ion concentration of the liquid.

  If the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode 6 is higher than that of the cathode 7 as in the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the liquid is alkalized and the electrostatic adsorption of the cathode 7 as in the second embodiment of FIG. If the device has a higher capacity than the anode 6, the liquid is acidified. Therefore, depending on the purpose, it is used depending on whether the apparatus of the first embodiment in FIG. 1 or the apparatus of the second embodiment in FIG. 2 is used.

  For example, when tap water is alkalized to be alkali ion water, the first embodiment of FIG. 1 is applied. Moreover, when acidifying liquids, such as a tap water, and obtaining sterilization effect as acidic water, 2nd Embodiment of FIG. 2 is applied. Alternatively, the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 is switched according to the purpose, and it is used in the state of the first embodiment in FIG. 1 or in the state of the second embodiment in FIG.

  Since this apparatus is relatively small, the liquid in the container 20 can be easily processed as it is on a table, and can be applied to a table-type alkaline ionized water purification apparatus.

  FIG. 4 shows a second example to which the first and second embodiments are applied.

  This device includes an electrode unit 25 in which the anode 6, the cathode 7 and the pH meter 10 are integrated into a single housing, a DC power supply device 4, a switching device 5, a control circuit 8, an ammeter 12, and a signal lamp 13. The control unit (power supply unit) 26 is provided in an integrated housing. The electrode unit 25 and the control unit 26 are connected by an energizing cable.

  In this apparatus, the electrode unit 25 with the anode 6 and the cathode 7 exposed is immersed in a liquid filled in the storage tank 21, and a direct current voltage is applied between the anode 6 and the cathode 7 in this state, whereby the storage tank 21. It adjusts the ion concentration of the liquid inside.

  If the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode 6 is higher than that of the cathode 7 as in the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the liquid is alkalized and the electrostatic adsorption of the cathode 7 as in the second embodiment of FIG. If the device has a higher capacity than the anode 6, the liquid is acidified. Therefore, depending on the purpose, whether to apply the first embodiment of FIG. 1 or the second embodiment of FIG. 2 is properly used. Alternatively, the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 is switched according to the purpose, and it is used in the state of the first embodiment in FIG. 1 or in the state of the second embodiment in FIG.

  This device can be applied as a throwing-type ion concentration adjusting device used when ion-adjusting the liquid in the storage tank 21 in a relatively large plant.

  FIG. 5 shows a third example to which the first and second embodiments are applied.

  In this device, the anode 6, the cathode 7, the DC power supply device 4, and the switching device 5 are integrated into a small, stick-shaped housing.

  The lower side of the apparatus in FIG. 5 (a) and the left side of the apparatus in FIG. 5 (b) are electrode portions 23 in which the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are exposed with a predetermined gap, and are immersed in the liquid. ing.

  The upper side of the apparatus in FIG. 5A and the right side of the apparatus in FIG. 5B are a control unit (power supply unit) 24 in which the DC power supply device 4 and the switching device 5 are provided. The control unit 24 may be provided with a control circuit 8, an ammeter 12, and a signal lamp 13 as necessary. Further, the pH meter 10 may be provided near the tip of the electrode part 23.

  The apparatus of FIG. 5A is an example in which the present invention is applied to a mudler, for example. The electrode unit 23 is immersed in a drink filled in a cup, and a DC voltage is applied between the anode 6 and the cathode 7 in this state. By applying it, the ion concentration of the drink is adjusted. For example, when tap water is alkalized to be alkali ion water, the first embodiment of FIG. 1 is applied, and when tap water is acidified to obtain a sterilizing effect as acid water, the second embodiment of FIG. 2 is used. Apply. Alternatively, the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 is switched according to the purpose, and it is used in the state of the first embodiment in FIG. 1 or in the state of the second embodiment in FIG.

  The apparatus of FIG. 5B is an example in which the present invention is applied to a toothbrush, for example, by applying a DC voltage between the anode 6 and the cathode 7 with the electrode part 23 provided with the brush in the mouth. It adjusts the ion concentration in the mouth. For example, when tap water is alkalinized to become alkaline ionized water and the plaque removal effect is improved with high penetrating power, the first embodiment of FIG. 1 is applied, and the tap water is acidified to be sterilized as acidic water. 2 is applied, the second embodiment of FIG. 2 is applied. Alternatively, the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 is switched according to the purpose, and it is used in the state of the first embodiment in FIG. 1 or in the state of the second embodiment in FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows a fourth example to which the first and second embodiments are applied.

  These examples show examples in which the present invention is applied to containers such as a pan 27, a kettle pot 28, and a coffee server 29. In any case, the electrode unit 25 in which the anode 6, the cathode 7, and the pH meter 10 are integrated into an integrated housing, the DC power supply device 4, the switching device 5, the control circuit 8, the ammeter 12, and the signal lamp 13 are integrated. And a control unit (power supply unit) 26 collected in a typical casing. The electrode unit 25 is disposed inside the containers, and the control unit 26 is disposed outside the containers.

  6A is an example in which the present invention is applied to a pan 27, FIG. 6B is an example in which the present invention is applied to a kettle 28, and FIG. 6C is a coffee maker's coffee. This is an example applied to the server 29. In any case, the ion concentration of water, hot water, coffee, etc. stored inside can be adjusted. For example, when tap water is alkalized to be alkali ion water, the first embodiment of FIG. 1 is applied, and when tap water is acidified to obtain a sterilizing effect as acid water, the second embodiment of FIG. 2 is used. Apply. Alternatively, the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 is switched according to the purpose, and it is used in the state of the first embodiment in FIG. 1 or in the state of the second embodiment in FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to the pan 27, the kettle 28, and the coffee server 29 as the fourth embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the electrode unit 25 and the control unit are used as containers. As long as the ion concentration can be adjusted for the liquid stored in the interior of the apparatus 26, the present invention can be applied to various types. For example, it can be applied to a pitcher, a rice cooker, a kettle, a baby bottle, etc., and the internal water can be made into alkali ion water.

  FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of an ion concentration adjusting apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

  In this example, the electrodes 6 and 7 are arranged inside the closed storage tank 1, the liquid to be processed is introduced into the storage tank 1, the ion adjustment process is performed, and the processed liquid is discharged from the storage tank 1. It is what you do. Other than that, it is the same as that of 1st and 2nd embodiment of FIG.1 and FIG.2, and the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part.

  The storage tank 1 is provided with an introduction path 2 for introducing liquid into the storage tank 1 and a discharge path 3 for discharging adjusted liquid whose liquid quality is adjusted in the storage tank. The discharge path 3 is provided with a pH meter 10 as a charged substance detection means for detecting the ion concentration of the adjusted liquid discharged from the storage tank 1. Further, the introduction path 2 detects a flow rate of the liquid introduced into the storage tank 1 at a flow rate adjustment valve 11 for adjusting the flow rate of the liquid introduced into the storage tank 1 and a flow rate adjusted by the flow rate adjustment valve 11. A flow meter 9 is provided. The ion concentration detected by the pH meter 10 and the flow rate detected by the flow meter 9 are sent to the control circuit 8.

  The control circuit 8 performs switching control of the switching device 5 so as to switch between an adsorption mode in which a DC voltage is applied to the anode 6 and the cathode 7 and an emission mode in which the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are short-circuited.

  The illustrated apparatus is an apparatus to which the first embodiment of FIG. 1 is applied, and the electrostatic attraction capacity of the anode 6 is higher than that of the cathode 7. However, the second embodiment of FIG. Thus, the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the cathode 7 can be higher than that of the anode 6. Alternatively, the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 can be switched according to the purpose and used in the state of the first embodiment of FIG. 1 or in the state of the second embodiment of FIG.

  Then, the liquid introduced from the introduction path 2 is introduced into the storage tank 1 where the anode 6 and the cathode 7 exist, and in the adsorption mode, the ion concentration is adjusted by adsorption of ions or the like to the anode 6 and the cathode 7, The adjusted liquid is discharged from the discharge path 3. When the switching mode is switched to the discharge mode by the switching device 5, the ions adsorbed so far on the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are discharged into the liquid, and the waste liquid is discharged from the discharge path 3.

  In this way, while the liquid to be controlled is introduced from the introduction path 2 into the storage tank 1, the ion concentration is controlled by performing ion adsorption on the electrodes 6 and 7 in the storage tank 1, and the adjustment in which the ion concentration is controlled. The spent liquid is continuously discharged from the discharge path 3. In this way, since the liquid quality can be controlled while continuously flowing the liquid, it is possible to operate with extremely good processing efficiency.

  Then, the two devices shown in FIG. 7 may be provided side by side, and the two tank devices may be switched and controlled so that the suction is performed by the other device when the suction capability of one device is reduced.

  FIG. 3 shows a so-called beaker model schematically showing an example in which the storage tank 1 has one anode 6 and one cathode 7 each. However, industrially, a plurality of collecting electrodes (double-sided electrodes) are shown. ) In the inside.

  Further, the control circuit 8 switches and controls the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 applied to the electrodes 6 and 7 in accordance with the detection result of the charged substance in the liquid by the pH meter 10 as the ion concentration detecting means. Good. That is, for example, when the pH of the adjusted liquid in the pH meter 10 becomes higher than the target value and becomes alkaline, the liquid is acidified by switching the polarity to the state of the second embodiment in FIG. When the pH of the adjusted liquid becomes lower than the target value and becomes acidic, the liquid is alkalized by switching the polarity to the state of the first embodiment in FIG. The ion concentration detection means is not limited to the pH meter 10 as long as it detects a physical quantity corresponding to the ion concentration, and various kinds of devices can be applied.

  In this way, by controlling the polarity applied to the electrodes 6 and 7 according to the detection result of the ion concentration and the like by the pH meter 10, the continuously flowing liquid is controlled to always have the target ion concentration. Is possible. As described above, the control to the target liquid quality is continuously performed, and the liquid having the target liquid quality can be continuously generated.

  Further, the flow control valve 11 may be controlled by the control circuit 8 in accordance with the detection result of the ion concentration or the like in the liquid by the pH meter 10. That is, when controlling the adsorption and release of ions while continuously flowing the liquid, if the flow rate is too large, the change in the liquid quality due to the adsorption and release of ions to the electrodes 6 and 7 is not sufficiently reflected. If the liquid is discharged from the discharge path 3 and the flow rate is too small, the processing efficiency is lowered. Therefore, when controlling the adsorption and release of ions while continuously flowing the liquid, by appropriately controlling the flow rate according to the pH detection result by the pH meter 10, the influence of the flow rate on the control accuracy is eliminated, A liquid having a target liquid quality can always be continuously produced.

  Further, the control circuit 8 switches the switching device 5 to apply a voltage to the electrodes 6 and 7 when the ion concentration or the like of the adjusted liquid in the pH meter 10 becomes higher than the target value. In this case, if the target value is not reached even after a predetermined time set in advance, the flow rate control valve 11 can be controlled so as to reduce the flow rate. . In such a case, by reducing the flow rate, the time during which the liquid stays in the storage tank 1 is lengthened, and the liquid quality can be controlled to the target value by adsorbing more ions and the like to the electrodes 6 and 7. become able to. On the other hand, when the time until the target value is reached is equal to or shorter than a predetermined time set in advance, the flow rate control valve 11 is controlled so that the flow rate becomes larger. In such a case, by increasing the flow rate, the time during which the liquid stays in the storage tank 1 is shortened, so that the liquid quality can be controlled to the target value in a short time and the processing efficiency can be improved. become.

  Further, the control circuit 8 switches the switching device 5 so as to apply a voltage to the electrodes 6 and 7 when the ion concentration or the like of the adjusted liquid in the pH meter 10 becomes higher than the target value. In this case, if the target value is not reached even after a predetermined time set in advance, the voltage of the DC power supply 4 can be controlled to be increased. . In such a case, by increasing the voltage, more ions and the like can be adsorbed on the electrodes 6 and 7 and the liquid quality can be controlled to the target value. On the contrary, when the time until the target value is reached is equal to or less than a predetermined time set in advance, control is performed so that the voltage of the DC power supply device 4 is lowered. In such a case, by reducing the voltage, it is possible to reduce power consumption and improve energy efficiency.

  The apparatus shown in FIG. 7 includes current integrating means (not shown) for calculating a current integrated value obtained by integrating the current value flowing between the electrodes 6 and 7 and the energization time, and the control circuit 8 includes the electrodes 6 and 6. By controlling the potential difference and / or current value between 7 based on the calculated current integrated value, it is possible to control the amount of adsorption and release of the charged substance on the electrodes 6 and 7. . By doing so, the adsorption amount and the release amount can be controlled based on a numerical value that is easy to measure, such as an integrated current value, so that it is easy to control the ion concentration and the existence ratio in the liquid.

  In the above device, the DC power supply device 4 can be controlled in voltage and current, and the voltage and / or current value applied to the anode 6 and cathode 7 can be controlled by the control circuit 8. it can.

  That is, in the adsorption mode, by controlling the voltage and current value applied to the anode 6 and the cathode 7, it is possible to control the adsorption speed and the amount of adsorption of charged substances such as ions in the liquid to the anode 6 and the cathode 7. it can. Further, in the emission mode, by controlling the voltage and current value applied to the anode 6 and the cathode 7, it is possible to control the emission rate and the emission amount of charged substances such as ions in the liquid to the anode 6 and the cathode 7. it can.

  In the above description, the adsorption mode in which a DC voltage is applied to the anode 6 and the cathode 7 and the short emission mode are switched, and the potential difference between the electrodes 6 and 7 is controlled to control the adsorption and emission of ions and the like. Although an example was shown, not only on / off of energization between both electrodes 6 and 7 but also control to increase or decrease the potential difference or control to increase or decrease the current value flowing between both electrodes 6 and 7. It is also possible to control adsorption and release of ions and the like. It is also possible to control adsorption and release of ions and the like by controlling both the potential difference and the current value to increase or decrease.

  Then, by applying DC voltage to both electrodes 6 and 7 and short-circuiting alternately, reversing the polarity alternately, or continuously controlling the potential difference and current value, positive ions and negative ions The adsorption and release can be controlled to be performed reversibly. By doing so, both adsorption and release of charged substances such as ions to the electrodes 6 and 7 existing in the liquid are reversibly controlled, and the concentration and abundance ratio of ions and the like in the liquid are targeted. The liquid quality of the liquid can be controlled to a target characteristic.

  In this way, even when the liquid quality is finely adjusted, the potential difference and the current value applied to the electrodes 6 and 7 are finely adjusted to adsorb and release the charged substance on the electrode, as well as the adsorption rate and release rate. By finely adjusting the liquid level, it is possible to easily finely adjust the liquid quality, and it is possible to realize highly accurate liquid quality control in an extremely short time compared to the conventional method of replenishing the adjustment liquid.

  FIG. 8 shows a fifth example to which the third embodiment is applied.

  In this example, the present invention is applied to an alkaline ionized water purifier. This purification apparatus is connected to a raw water supply path 16 and a purified water discharge path 17 connected to each other by a first storage tank 14 for purifying alkaline ionized water, and the first storage tank 14 and the purified water discharge path 17. The second storage tank 15 is connected to the purified water supply path 18 for storing the alkaline ionized water purified in the first storage tank 14 and supplying the stored alkaline ionized water.

  The first storage tank 14 accommodates therein an electrode unit 25 having an anode 6, a cathode 7, and a pH meter 10 (both not shown), and the electrode unit 25 includes the anode 6 and the cathode 7 in the tank. It is exposed and comes into contact with the introduced raw water. The device is electrically connected to the electrode unit 25, and a DC power supply device 4, a switching device 5, a control circuit 8, an ammeter 12, and a signal lamp 13 (none of which are shown) are integrated in a housing. The control unit 26 is provided. Further, a waste water channel 19 is connected to the first storage tank 14 for discharging the waste liquid from which ions adsorbed by the anode 6 and the cathode 7 of the electrode unit 25 are released in the release mode.

The raw water supply path 16, the purified water discharge path 17, the purified water supply path 18, and the waste water path 19 are provided with a first valve 22a, a second valve 22b, a third valve 22c, and a fourth valve 22d, respectively. The control circuit 8 of the control unit 26 performs opening / closing control of the first valve 22a, the second valve 22b, and the fourth valve 22d in addition to the above-described switching control between the adsorption mode and the discharge mode. The first reservoir 14 and second reservoir 15 has a level gauge (not shown), the control circuit 8, the liquid level detected by the level gauge, said first based on the p H was detected by a pH meter Opening / closing control of the first valve 22a, the second valve 22b, and the fourth valve 22d is performed.

  In the said refinement | purification apparatus, if a liquid level meter detects that the liquid level of the 1st storage tank 14 fell, the control circuit 8 will open the 1st valve 22a, and will introduce | transduce raw water into the 1st storage tank 14 from the raw water supply path 16. FIG. When the liquid level gauge in the first storage tank 14 detects that the liquid level has risen above a predetermined level, the control circuit 8 closes the first valve 22a and stops the introduction of raw water.

When the liquid level rises and the raw water is introduced, the control circuit 8 applies a direct current to the anode 6 and the cathode 7 to start operation in the adsorption mode. Since the polarity at this time alkalizes raw | natural water, it is the driving | operation in 1st Embodiment of FIG. The pH adjustment, or feedback control by pH meter 10, Oh Rui is done by or to adjust the voltage. In this way, the raw water is purified in the first storage tank 14.

  When the liquid level gauge detects that the liquid level in the second storage tank 15 has dropped, the control circuit 8 opens the second valve 22b and supplies the purified water purified in the first storage tank 14 from the purified water discharge path 17 to the second storage tank. 15 is introduced. When the liquid level gauge in the second storage tank 15 detects that the liquid level has risen above a predetermined level, the control circuit 8 closes the second valve 22b and stops the introduction of purified water. The purified water in the second storage tank 15 is supplied from the purified water supply path 18 for use by appropriately opening the third valve 22c.

At a timing when the purification of the raw water introduced into the first storage tank 14 (operation in the adsorption mode) is repeated a predetermined number of times, the control circuit 8 counts with a counter (not shown) and purifies a predetermined amount of raw water, The electrodes 6 and 7 are regenerated by short-circuiting the anode 6 and the cathode 7 or switching the polarity and operating in the emission mode. After a predetermined time of operation in the discharge mode, the control circuit 8 opens the fourth valve 22d and discharges the waste water from the waste water channel 19.

  FIG. 9 shows a sixth example to which the third embodiment is applied.

  In this example, the present invention is applied to an alkaline ionized water purifier. The purification apparatus includes a first storage tank 14 to which a raw water supply path 16 is connected, an electrode cell 30 that performs purification of raw water by communicating with the first storage tank 14 through a communication path 31, and the electrode cell 30 and purification. The second storage tank 15 is connected to the purified water supply path 18 connected to the purified water supply path 18 for supplying the stored alkaline ionized water while storing the alkaline ionized water connected by the water discharge path 17 and purified by the electrode cell 30. Yes.

  The electrode cell 30 functions as an electrode unit including an anode 6, a cathode 7, and a pH meter 10 (both not shown) so that the raw water introduced inside, the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are in contact with each other. It has become. The device is electrically connected to the electrode cell 30, and a DC power supply device 4, a switching device 5, a control circuit 8, an ammeter 12, and a signal lamp 13 (none of which are shown) are integrated in a housing. The control unit 26 is provided. Further, a waste water channel 19 is connected to the electrode cell 30 for discharging the waste liquid from which ions adsorbed on the anode 6 and the cathode 7 of the electrode unit 25 are released in the release mode.

The raw water supply path 16, the purified water discharge path 17, the purified water supply path 18, and the waste water path 19 are provided with a first valve 22a, a second valve 22b, a third valve 22c, and a fourth valve 22d, respectively. The control circuit 8 of the control unit 26 performs opening / closing control of the first valve 22a, the second valve 22b, and the fourth valve 22d in addition to the above-described switching control between the adsorption mode and the discharge mode. The first storage tank 14 and the second storage tank 15 are provided with a liquid level gauge (not shown), and the control circuit 8 is based on the liquid level detected by each liquid level gauge, the pH detected by the pH meter, and the like. Opening / closing control of the first valve 22a, the second valve 22b, and the fourth valve 22d is performed.

  In the said refinement | purification apparatus, if a liquid level meter detects that the liquid level of the 1st storage tank 14 fell, the control circuit 8 will open the 1st valve 22a, and will introduce | transduce raw water into the 1st storage tank 14 from the raw water supply path 16. FIG. When the liquid level gauge in the first storage tank 14 detects that the liquid level has risen above a predetermined level, the control circuit 8 closes the first valve 22a and stops the introduction of raw water.

When the liquid level rises and the raw water is introduced, the control circuit 8 opens the second valve 22b and applies a direct current to the anode 6 and the cathode 7 to start operation in the adsorption mode. Since the polarity at this time alkalizes raw | natural water, it is the driving | operation in 1st Embodiment of FIG. Adjustment of the pH is performed by or set Ri and feedback control by pH meter 10 or to adjust the voltage, or flow rate. In this way, purification is performed while passing raw water through the electrode cell 30. The purified water in the second storage tank 15 is supplied from the purified water supply path 18 for use by appropriately opening the third valve 22c.

Count to at timing in which the purification of raw water in a predetermined amount by a counter (not shown) the amount of purified water supplied to the second storage tank 15, the control circuit 8, the polarity or to short-circuit between the anode 6 and the cathode 7 The operation is performed in the discharge mode by switching, the regeneration of the electrodes 6 and 7 is started and the operation in the discharge mode is performed, and the fourth valve 22d is opened to discharge the waste water from the waste water channel 19.

  8 and 9 show the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an apparatus for purifying alkaline ion water, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to this. However, any material can be used as long as the raw water can be purified into alkali ion water. For example, it can be applied to cold water heaters and water heaters to supply cold water or hot water of alkaline ionized water, or it can be applied to tea water dispensers, coffee servers, paper cup vending machines, etc. -Juice etc. can be provided, or it can be applied to an ice maker or refrigerator to supply alkaline ionized water ice.

  Further, in the present invention, when the liquid is used after being acidified, the second embodiment of FIG. 2 may be applied for acidification, and when the liquid is used after being alkalized, the first of FIG. The embodiment may be applied to perform alkalinization. Alternatively, the polarity of the DC power supply device 4 is switched according to the purpose and used in the state of the first embodiment of FIG. 1 to perform acidification, or used in the state of the second embodiment of FIG. Or just go.

  From this point of view, the present invention can be implemented by applying to the following, for example, in addition to those described above.

  Apply to a humidifier to adjust the water ion in the water supply cartridge of the humidifier. When moisturizing the skin using the osmotic power of alkaline ionized water, adjust the ion to make it alkaline and remove acidic ionized water. When utilizing the fungal effect, the ion is adjusted to acidify.

  Apply to the steam iron, adjust the water ion in the iron water supply cartridge, and if you want to make the wrinkle easy to stretch using the penetrating power of alkaline ion water, adjust the ion to alkalinize, and after removing wrinkle, acid ion When utilizing the disinfection effect of water, ion adjustment is performed so as to acidify.

  Apply to the washing machine, adjust the ion of water in the washing tub of the washing machine, and use the osmotic power of alkaline ionized water to improve the stain removal during washing, adjust the ion to make it alkaline, and when rinsing When utilizing the sterilizing effect of acidic ion water, ion adjustment is performed so as to acidify.

  Apply to the dishwasher to adjust the water ions in the washing tub. When using the osmotic power of alkaline ionized water to improve the removal of dirt during washing, adjust the ions so that they become alkaline and acid ions during rinsing. When utilizing the disinfection effect of water, ion adjustment is performed so as to acidify.

  Applies to flush toilets, adjusts the water ions in the water supply tank, uses the osmotic power of alkaline ionized water to improve stain removal during washing, adjusts the ions so that they become alkaline, and acid ionic water during washing When utilizing the sterilization effect of, adjust the ions to acidify.

  Apply to bathing facilities and foot baths, adjust the water ions in the bathtub, use the osmotic power of alkaline ionized water to remove dirt when bathing, etc., and make the skin permeate with moisture. Adjust the ion to make it alkaline, and if you want to use the sterilizing effect of acidic ion water at the time of bathing or bathing, adjust the ion to make it acidic.

  Applies to face washers and face washers, adjusts the water ions in the face wash basin, uses alkaline ionized water penetration to improve cleanliness when washing the face, and soaks moisture into the skin to make it smooth In such a case, the ion is adjusted so as to be alkalized, and the ion is adjusted so as to be acidified when the disinfecting effect of the acidic ion water is used at the time of face washing or cleaning.

  Apply to ultrasonic cleaners such as those for glasses and contact lenses, adjust the water ions in the cleaning tank, and use alkaline ionized water penetration to remove dirt during cleaning. Ion adjustment is performed so that it is acidified, and when sterilizing effect of acidic ion water is used at the time of rinsing, ion adjustment is performed so as to acidify.

  Apply to automotive window washer liquid tanks to adjust the water ions in the tank, and adjust the ionization to make it alkaline when using the osmotic force / dissolution effect of alkaline ionized water to improve soil removal during washing. I do.

  It is applied to a water supply device for fresh flower display shelves and adjusts the water ions in the tank. If the osmotic force of alkaline ionized water is used to extend the life of fresh flowers, the ions are adjusted to be alkaline.

  In each of the above embodiments, the case where the charged substance is mainly ions has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various charged particles that can be attracted to the anode 6 or the cathode 7 are used as the control target substance. be able to. Examples thereof include a chargeable substance having a zeta potential such as pyrogen, a charged pigment, dye, polymer, and the like.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a liquid quality control device for a solution which is a premise in the fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention.

  The liquid quality control device includes: a storage tank 41 that stores a solution that is a liquid quality control target; electrodes 46 and 47 that are present in the solution stored in the storage tank 41 and to which a DC voltage is applied; And a control circuit 48 for controlling a potential difference and / or a current value applied to 46 and 47.

  The electrodes 46 and 47 are connected to a DC power supply 44 capable of voltage control and current control, and are composed of an anode 46 to which a positive potential is applied and a cathode 47 to which a negative potential is applied. Reference numeral 45 denotes a switch that switches between a state in which the electrodes 46 and 47 are connected to a DC power source and a DC voltage is applied to the electrodes 46 and 47 and a state in which the electrodes 46 and 47 are short-circuited.

  The storage tank 41 is provided with an introduction path 42 for introducing the solution into the storage tank 41 and a discharge path 43 for discharging the adjusted solution whose liquid quality is adjusted in the storage tank. The discharge path 43 is provided with an ion concentration meter 50 as a charged substance detection means for detecting the ion concentration of the adjusted solution discharged from the storage tank 41. The introduction path 42 detects the flow rate of the solution introduced into the storage tank 41 at a flow rate adjustment valve 51 that adjusts the flow rate of the solution introduced into the storage tank 41 and the flow rate adjusted by the flow rate adjustment valve 51. A flow meter 49 is provided. The ion concentration detected by the ion concentration meter 50 and the flow rate detected by the flow meter are sent to the control circuit 48.

  The control circuit 48 controls the switching of the switch 45 to control the potential applied to both the electrodes 46 and 47, thereby adsorbing ions, which are charged substances in the solution, to the electrodes 46 and 47 and the electrode 46. , 47 controls the release of ions adsorbed into the solution.

  That is, by controlling the potential applied to the electrodes 46 and 47 existing in the solution to be liquid quality controlled, the charged substances such as ions in the solution are adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47 and are applied to the electrodes 46 and 47. Control the release of the adsorbed charged substance into the solution. For this reason, when it is desired to reduce the charged substance in the solution to be controlled, as shown in FIG. 10A, the switch 45 is controlled so as to apply a voltage to the electrodes 46 and 47, and the charged substance in the solution is controlled. Is adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47, and on the contrary, when it is desired to increase the charged substance in the solution, as shown in FIG. 10B, the switch 45 is short-circuited with the electrodes 46 and 47 to cancel the application of the voltage. The charged substance adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47 may be controlled to be released into the solution.

  At this time, negative ions in the solution are adsorbed to the anode 46 to which the positive potential is applied, and positive ions are adsorbed to the cathode 47 to which the negative potential is applied, and the ions in the solution are reduced. Further, by releasing the DC voltage applied during the adsorption by short-circuiting the anode 46 and the cathode 47, the negative ions adsorbed on the anode 46 are released into the solution, and the positive ions adsorbed on the cathode 47 are Released into solution. In this way, by controlling both the adsorption and release of ions and charged particles to the electrodes 46 and 47 existing in the solution, the concentration and ratio of charged substances in the solution are controlled to target values. The liquid quality of the solution can be controlled.

  The voltage applied to both electrodes 46 and 47 is not particularly limited, but is preferably set to about 0.5 to 5V.

  Here, FIG. 10 shows a so-called beaker model schematically showing an example in which the storage tank 41 has one anode 46 and one cathode 47, but industrially, as shown in FIG. A cell in which a plurality of collector electrodes (double-sided electrodes) 58a and 58b are arranged can be obtained.

  In this cell, a plurality (12 in this example) of double-sided electrodes 58a, 58b are disposed between two end plates 56 in a laminated state, and between the double-sided electrodes 58a, 58b and between the double-sided electrodes 58a, 58b. A frame spacer 63 is disposed between the end plates 56. Reference numeral 57 denotes a bolt and nut for fixing the laminated frame spacer 63, the end plate 56, and the double-sided electrodes 58a and 58b.

  One double-sided electrode 58 a is a positive electrode in which the anode 46 is provided on both sides of the separator 52, and the other double-sided electrode 58 b is a negative electrode in which the cathode 47 is provided on both sides of the separator 52. Then, the positive electrode 58a and the negative electrode 58b are alternately stacked, so that the anode 46 and the cathode 47 are disposed so as to face each other between the adjacent double-sided electrodes 58a and 58b. The internal space formed by the double-sided electrodes 58a and 58b, the frame-like spacer 63, and the end plate 56 is a storage space in which the solution is stored, and the entire cell functions as the storage tank 41. The storage space is partitioned into a plurality of stages (in this example, 13 stages) by double-sided electrodes 58a and 58b.

  Further, an inlet 54 communicating with the introduction path 42 (not shown in FIG. 11) is formed in one end plate 56 (upper side in the drawing), and a discharge path 43 (shown in FIG. 11) is formed in the other end plate 56. A discharge port 55 that communicates with (not) is formed. In this example, each separator 52 is provided with a communication port 53 in a staggered arrangement so that the solution introduced into the internal storage space flows in a zigzag manner through the outstanding space.

  The solution introduced from the introduction port 54 is subjected to adsorption and release of ions and the like on the electrodes 46 and 47 while passing through a plurality of spaces sandwiched between the anode 46 and the cathode 47, and the liquid quality is controlled and adjusted. The solution is discharged from the discharge port 55.

  In this way, by making the electrodes 46 and 47 exist in the solution to be controlled and controlling the potential difference and / or current value applied to the electrodes, the concentration of the charged substance existing in the solution to be controlled The liquid quality such as the abundance ratio can be directly controlled with respect to the solution only by electrical control. Therefore, unlike the conventional case, there is no need for a tank for storing the adjustment liquid, an electrolysis apparatus for producing the adjustment liquid, and complicated piping associated therewith, and the apparatus is greatly simplified and downsized, and the equipment cost and maintenance cost are reduced. Can be saved significantly. Further, since the conventional ion exchange membrane is not required, maintenance of the ion exchange membrane is also unnecessary.

  Moreover, since the adjustment target liquid is not directly replenished as in the prior art, the control target solution itself is directly controlled, so that variations in the characteristics of the adjustment liquid affect the control accuracy, or variations in adjustment accuracy due to excessive replenishment. The problem of the occurrence of the problem is completely solved. In addition, even when finely adjusting the liquid quality, it is easy to make fine adjustments to the potential difference and current applied to the electrode to finely adjust the amount of adsorption and release of the charged substance to the electrode, and the adsorption rate and release rate. In addition, the liquid quality can be finely adjusted, and high-precision liquid quality control can be realized in an extremely short time compared with the conventional method of replenishing the adjustment solution. As described above, according to the present invention, the liquid quality of a solution can be controlled with high accuracy using a relatively simple device.

  In the above description, the electrodes 46 and 47 are short-circuited when ions adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47 are released into the solution. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the switch 45 is simply turned off. Then, the application of the DC voltage to the electrodes 46 and 47 may be canceled, or the negative voltage may be applied to the anode 46 and the positive voltage may be applied to the cathode 47 so that the polarity is reversed.

  Further, in the above description, an example in which the direct current voltage is applied to the anode 46 and the cathode 47 and the short-circuited state are switched, and the potential difference between the electrodes 46 and 47 is controlled to control the adsorption and emission of ions and the like. Although shown, not only on / off of energization between both electrodes 46 and 47, but also control to increase or decrease the potential difference, or control to increase or decrease the current value flowing between both electrodes 46 and 47, etc. The adsorption and release of can also be controlled. It is also possible to control adsorption and release of ions and the like by controlling both the potential difference and the current value to increase or decrease.

  Then, by applying DC voltage to both electrodes 46 and 47 and short-circuiting alternately, by reversing the polarity alternately, or by continuously controlling the potential difference and current value, positive ions and negative ions The adsorption and release can be controlled to be performed reversibly. By doing so, both the adsorption and release of charged substances such as ions to the electrodes 46 and 47 existing in the solution are reversibly controlled, and the concentration and ratio of ions and the like in the solution are targeted. The liquid quality of the solution can be controlled to a target characteristic.

  The control circuit 48 controls the potential difference and / or the current value applied to the electrodes 46 and 47 in accordance with the detection result of the charged substance in the solution by the ion concentration meter 50 as the ion concentration detecting means. Yes. That is, for example, when the ion concentration or the like of the adjusted solution in the ion concentration meter 50 becomes higher than the target value, the switch 45 is switched to apply a voltage to the electrodes 46 and 47 so that the charged substance in the solution is transferred to the electrode 46 47, and when the ion concentration of the adjusted solution in the ion concentration meter 50 becomes lower than the target value, the switch 45 is switched so as to short-circuit the electrodes 46, 47 and is adsorbed by the electrodes 46, 47. The charged substance may be released into the solution. The ion concentration detection means is not limited to the ion concentration meter 50 as long as it detects a physical quantity corresponding to the ion concentration, and various kinds of devices can be applied.

  Then, while introducing the solution to be controlled into the storage tank 41 from the introduction path 42, the liquid quality is controlled by controlling the adsorption and release of the charged substance to the electrodes 46 and 47 in the storage tank 41. The adjusted solution thus prepared is continuously discharged from the discharge path 43. As described above, since the liquid quality of the solution can be controlled while continuously flowing the solution, it is possible to operate with extremely good processing efficiency. Further, by controlling the potential difference and / or current value applied to the electrodes 46 and 47 in accordance with the detection result of ions or the like by the ion concentration meter 50, the continuously flowing solution is controlled so as to always have the target liquid quality. It becomes possible to do. Thus, the control to the target liquid quality can be continuously performed, and the solution of the target liquid quality can be continuously generated.

  Further, the control circuit 48 controls the flow rate control valve 51 according to the detection result of the charged substance such as the ion concentration in the solution by the ion concentration meter 50. That is, when controlling the adsorption and release of ions while continuously flowing the solution, if the flow rate is too large, the change in the liquid quality of the solution due to the adsorption and release of ions to the electrodes 46 and 47 is not sufficiently reflected. If the solution is discharged from the discharge passage 43 and the flow rate is too small, the processing efficiency is lowered. Therefore, when controlling the adsorption and release of the charged substance while continuously flowing the solution, the flow rate affects the control accuracy by appropriately controlling the flow rate according to the detection result of the ion concentration by the ion concentration meter 50. Thus, a solution having a target liquid quality can always be continuously produced.

  The control circuit 48 controls the voltage of the DC power supply 44 to control the potential difference applied to both the electrodes 46 and 47, so that ions of the charged substance in the solution are applied to the electrodes 46 and 47. The adsorption and release of ions adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47 into the solution are controlled. That is, when it is desired to further reduce the charged substance in the solution to be controlled, the voltage of the DC power supply 44 can be increased to adsorb more ions or the like to the electrodes 46 and 47. In addition, by increasing the voltage of the DC power supply 44, the adsorption speed of ions and the like to the electrodes 46 and 47 is increased, and the emission speed from the electrodes 46 and 47 when a reverse voltage is applied is also increased. Liquid quality control can be performed. Similarly, by controlling the value of the current applied to both electrodes 46 and 47, the amount and rate of adsorption of ions, which are charged substances in the solution, to the electrodes 46 and 47, and the amount of ions adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47 are controlled. The amount released into the solution and the rate of release can be controlled.

  Further, the control circuit 48 switches the switch 45 so as to apply a voltage to the electrodes 46 and 47 when the ion concentration of the adjusted solution in the ion concentration meter 50 becomes higher than the target value. The substance is adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47. In this case, if the target value is not reached even after a preset predetermined time has elapsed, the flow rate control valve 51 may be controlled so that the flow rate becomes small. it can. In such a case, by reducing the flow rate, the time during which the solution stays in the storage tank 41 becomes longer, and more ions can be adsorbed on the electrodes 46 and 47 to control the liquid quality to the target value. become able to. On the contrary, when the time until the target value is reached is equal to or shorter than a predetermined time set in advance, the flow rate control valve 51 is controlled so that the flow rate becomes larger. In such a case, by increasing the flow rate, the time during which the solution stays in the storage tank 41 is shortened, and the liquid quality can be controlled to the target value in a short time so that the processing efficiency can be improved. become.

  The control circuit 48 switches the switch 45 to apply a voltage to the electrodes 46 and 47 when the ion concentration or the like of the adjusted solution in the ion concentration meter 50 becomes higher than the target value. The substance is adsorbed to the electrodes 46 and 47. In this case, if the target value is not reached even after a predetermined time has elapsed, the voltage of the DC power supply 44 can be controlled to be increased. . In such a case, by increasing the voltage, it becomes possible to control the liquid quality to the target value by adsorbing more ions or the like to the electrodes 46 and 47. On the contrary, when the time until the target value is reached is equal to or shorter than a predetermined time set in advance, control is performed so that the voltage of the DC power supply 44 is lowered. In such a case, by reducing the voltage, it is possible to reduce power consumption and improve energy efficiency.

  Also, two apparatuses shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 may be provided side by side, and the apparatus of the two tanks may be switched and controlled so that adsorption by the other apparatus is performed when the adsorption capacity of one of the apparatuses decreases.

  The control circuit 48 controls the potential difference applied to the electrodes 46 and 47 so that the charged substance is adsorbed and released within a range that does not substantially cause electrolysis of the solution. Specifically, it is appropriately set according to the type of solution, but when the solvent is water, it is preferably 2 V or less, and more preferably 1.5 V or less. If the solution is electrolyzed, the liquid quality such as the concentration of the charged substance changes by itself. However, by performing the adsorption and release of the charged substance within a range that does not substantially cause the electrolysis of the solution, Liquid quality is controlled only by adsorption and release, and only the control of the potential applied to the electrodes 46 and 47 is reflected in the liquid quality, eliminating other factors, and always realizing accurate liquid quality control. Can be ensured. Control in such a voltage range is particularly effective when the electrodes 46 and 47 are made of a conductor that is energized with a solution of metal or carbon. In addition, when the electrolysis of the solution occurs, there is a disadvantage that the consumption of the electrode is accelerated and a maintenance cost is required, or a sludge removal facility is required.

  As the electrodes 46 and 47, various metal materials such as stainless steel, titanium, nickel, copper, platinum, and gold, and conductive materials such as carbon can be used. The electrodes 46 and 47 are preferably plate-shaped, and the thickness is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 5 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm. The distance between the anode 46 and the cathode 47 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 5 mm, more preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm. It should be noted that the distance between the anode 46 and the cathode 47 does not preclude being set to 0.1 mm or less as long as the solution passes and does not hinder the adsorption and release of ions.

  When a metal is used for the electrodes 46 and 47, a metal plate subjected to plating or surface modification can be used. For example, the surface layer of a stainless steel plate may be subjected to a low temperature carburizing treatment after a fluorination treatment to form a carbon diffusion permeation layer in which chromium carbide is not substantially precipitated. Moreover, what plated platinum on the titanium plate can also be used. Since these are extremely excellent in corrosion resistance, they are preferably used.

Further, as the electrodes 46 and 47, sintered metal powder, plate-like activated carbon, activated carbon nonwoven fabric, conductive ceramics such as silicon carbide, carbon aerogel (pore diameter 2 to BET specific surface area adjusted to 500-2500 m ² / g A porous body such as a 50 nm mesopore-based carbon sheet) can be used. By using such a porous body as the electrodes 46 and 47, the surface areas of the electrodes 46 and 47 can be greatly increased, and the adsorption amount of ions and the like can be remarkably increased.

  The anode 46 and the cathode 47 can be of the same type, or can be used in combination of different types depending on the type of solution to be controlled and the physical property to be controlled.

  The apparatus shown in FIG. 11 includes current integrating means (not shown) for calculating a current integrated value obtained by integrating the current value flowing between the electrodes 46 and 47 and the energization time. By controlling the potential difference and / or current value between 47 based on the calculated current integrated value, it is possible to control the amount of adsorption and release of the charged substance on the electrodes 46 and 47. .

  By doing so, the amount of adsorption and the amount of release can be controlled based on a numerical value that is easy to measure, such as an integrated current value, so that it is easy to control the concentration and abundance ratio of the charged substance in the solution.

  Other than that, it is the same as that of the said apparatus, and attaches | subjects the same code | symbol to the same part. This embodiment also has the same operational effects as the above apparatus.

  FIG. 12 shows a liquid quality control apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  In this example, the electrodes 46a and 47b are a set of an anode 46a and a cathode 47b, and the electrodes 46a and 47b have different electrostatic adsorption capabilities by combining the anodes 46a and 47b with different specific surface areas. This is a set of electrodes 46a and 47b. As a result, the amount of adsorption of charged substances such as ions to the electrode having the larger specific surface area (in this example, the anode 46a) selectively increased, and as a result, it was originally present in the solution to be controlled. It is possible to control the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions, that is, the concentration balance.

  That is, in the illustrated example, a porous electrode having a large specific surface area is used as the anode 46a, and a plate electrode having a small specific surface area is used as the cathode 47b. Thus, if the specific surface area of the anode 46a is set to be larger than that of the cathode 47b, the amount of negative ions adsorbed can be increased more than that of positive ions. As a result, the amount of adsorption of negative ions or the like originally present in the solution to the anode 46a increases, and as a result, the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the solution to be controlled, that is, the concentration balance. Can be controlled.

For example, when the solution to be controlled is an aqueous NaCl solution, Na ⁺ as positive ions and Cl ⁻ as negative ions are present equally. In this state, when more Cl ⁻ is adsorbed on the anode 46a, water causes an electrode reaction on the cathode 47b side in order to maintain the electrical neutrality of the whole solution, and OH ⁻ corresponding to the remaining Na ⁺ is generated. To do. As a result, Na ⁺ and OH ⁻ are present in the entire solution, and an alkaline aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is considered to be generated.

  Conversely, if a porous electrode is used for the cathode 47b and a flat electrode is used for the anode 46a, and the specific surface area of the cathode 47b is set to be larger than that of the anode 46a, the amount of adsorption of positive ions is increased more than that of negative ions. be able to. As a result, the amount of adsorption of positive ions or the like originally present in the solution to the cathode 47b increases, and as a result, the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the solution to be controlled, that is, the concentration balance. Can be controlled.

For example, as in the example described above, when the solution to be controlled is an NaCl aqueous solution, Na ⁺ as positive ions and Cl ⁻ as negative ions are present equally. In this state, when a larger amount of Na ⁺ is adsorbed on the cathode 47b, water causes an electrode reaction on the anode 46a side in order to maintain the electrical neutrality of the entire solution, and H ⁺ is generated. As a result, H ⁺ and Cl ⁻ are present in the entire solution, and an acidic hydrogen chloride aqueous solution is considered to be generated.

  Thus, if the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode 46a is set to be larger than that of the cathode 47b, the amount of negative ions adsorbed originally in the solution is larger than that of positive ions. As a result, even if new negative ions are generated in the solution, it is possible to control the presence ratio of the positive ions that were originally present to be higher than the negative ions that were originally present. On the contrary, when the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the cathode 47b is set to be larger than that of the anode 46a, the amount of positive ions adsorbed originally in the solution becomes larger than that of negative ions. As a result, even if new positive ions are generated in the solution, it is possible to control the existence ratio of negative ions that were originally present to be higher than that of the positive ions that were originally present. In this way, the liquid quality can be controlled by controlling the concentration balance of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the solution.

  In the apparatus of FIG. 12, by switching the polarity of the DC voltage applied to both electrodes 46a and 47b, a mode for adsorbing more positive ions originally present in the solution and negative ions originally present in the solution. It is also possible to control so as to switch the mode for adsorbing a large amount. Thus, by switching between the mode that adsorbs a lot of positive ions originally present in the solution and the mode that adsorbs a lot of negative ions that were originally present in the solution, it is present in the solution. In addition, the adsorption and release of positive ions and negative ions can be controlled reversibly, the concentration and ratio of charged substances in the solution can be controlled to target values, and the liquid quality of the solution can be controlled to target characteristics.

  In this example, the anodes 46a and 47b having different surface areas may be combined, and the electrodes 46a and 47b having different electrostatic adsorption capabilities of the electrodes 46a and 47b may be combined. . As a result, the amount of adsorption of charged substances such as ions to the electrode having the substantial surface area (in this example, the anode 46a) selectively increases, and as a result, it is originally present in the solution to be controlled. It is possible to control the abundance ratio of positive ions and negative ions, that is, the concentration balance. As described above, the electrodes having different electrostatic adsorption capacities are electrodes having different real surface areas, so that an electrode having a large real surface area can adsorb more charged substances than an electrode having a small real surface area. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the electrode, it is possible to operate by appropriately setting the electrostatic adsorption capability of the electrode.

Here, the specific surface area refers to the sum of the true surface areas per 1 g of the substance constituting the electrode. Here, it refers to the BET specific surface area, and the unit is m ² / g. On the other hand, the apparent area refers to the maximum projected area in the case of a plate-shaped electrode. The sum of the area of the front surface and the area of the back surface may or may not be added, but here, the maximum projected area that does not add up the front and back is handled. And a real surface area means the sum total of the surface area computed from the said specific surface area, and the following relational expression is formed.
T = S × V × G
T: Real surface area (m ² ) S: Specific surface area (m ² / g)
V: Volume of electrode (m ³ ) G: Specific gravity of electrode (g / m ³ )

  Therefore, the combination of the electrodes 46a and 47b having the substantially different surface areas of the anode 46a and the cathode 47b is as follows: (1) When materials having the same apparent area and different specific surface areas are used for the anode 46a and the cathode 47b, (2 ) When the apparent area is different using a material having the same specific surface area for the anode 46a and the cathode 47b, (3) When the apparent area is different using a material having a different specific surface area for the anode 46a and the cathode 47b, etc. It is done. That is, the different electrostatic attraction capabilities are intended to include both cases.

  Other than that, it is the same as that of each said embodiment, and attaches | subjects the same code | symbol to the same part. This example also has the same effects as the above embodiments.

  FIG. 13 shows a liquid quality control apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  In this example, the first unit 62a including the first electrode set 61a set so that the specific surface area of the anode 46a is larger than that of the cathode 47a, and the specific surface area of the cathode 47b is set larger than that of the anode 46b. The second unit 62b including the second electrode set 61b is connected to be configured.

  In the first unit 62a, by using a porous electrode as the anode 46a and using a flat electrode as the cathode 47a, the specific surface area of the anode 46a is set to be larger than that of the cathode 47a. On the other hand, in the second unit 62b, a flat electrode is used as the anode 46b, and a porous electrode is used as the cathode 47b, so that the surface area of the cathode 47b is larger than that of the anode 46b.

  The discharge path 43 of the first unit 62a is connected to the introduction path 42 of the second unit 62b, and the solution that has passed through the first unit 62a passes through the second unit 62b and performs liquid quality control in two stages. It is like that.

  In this way, in the first unit 62a, the specific surface area of the anode 46 is set to be larger than that of the cathode 47, and the amount of negative ions adsorbed can be increased more than the positive ions. Therefore, it is possible to control the positive ion abundance ratio. On the other hand, in the second unit 62b, the specific surface area of the cathode 47 is set to be larger than that of the anode 46, and the adsorption amount of positive ions can be increased more than negative ions. As a result, the presence of negative ions originally present in the solution is present. It is possible to control to a high ratio state.

  As described above, the first unit 62a having the first electrode set 61a and the second unit 62b having the second electrode set 61b each increase the adsorption amount of the charged substance to the electrode having the larger specific surface area. As a result, the liquid quality can be controlled by controlling the existence ratio of positive ions and negative ions originally present in the solution to be controlled, that is, the concentration balance, to an arbitrary state.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the charged substance is mainly ions has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various charged particles that can be attracted to the anode 46 and the cathode 47 are used as the control target substance. be able to. Examples thereof include a chargeable substance having a zeta potential such as pyrogen, a charged pigment, dye, polymer, and the like.

  Other than that, it is the same as that of each said embodiment, and attaches | subjects the same code | symbol to the same part. This example also has the same effects as the above embodiments.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 11 was used to control the liquid quality using a KOH aqueous solution as the solution. By controlling the ion concentration in this case to a predetermined target value, various physical properties such as specific gravity, electrical resistance, pH, viscosity, boiling point, and freezing point of the KOH aqueous solution are controlled as shown in Table 1 below. can do.

  The test was conducted in a state where water was not passed through the apparatus shown in FIG. 12 for a collagen solution (collagen 1.4%) which is an intermediate raw material for cosmetics. The collagen solution is preferably adjusted to the same weak acidity as the bare skin, but is acidic because citric acid is added to dissolve the collagen. This was controlled to be slightly acidic.

The next electrode was immersed in 100 ml of collagen solution and a DC voltage of 1.2 V was applied.
Anode Activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 84 cm ² ; 1 cathode, isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 84 cm ² ; 1 sheet

As a result, as shown below, it was possible to adjust to a weakly acidic pH range (pH 5.5) preferable for cosmetics.
Voltage application time pH
0 min 3.9
16 minutes 4.7
44 minutes 5.5

  In this example, when the pH before the treatment is on the alkali side from the target value, the intended weakly acidic solution can be obtained by using an isotropic graphite plate for the anode and an activated carbon sheet for the cathode. In addition, when using an activated carbon sheet for the anode and an isotropic graphite plate for the cathode, and when using an isotropic graphite plate for the anode and an activated carbon sheet for the cathode, in either case When the pH of the solution is more alkaline than the target value, a weak alkaline solution having the target value can be obtained by switching the polarity between both electrodes.

  The medical medium (culture solution) used for culturing cells is adjusted to the optimum pH for the activity of the cells to be cultured. However, the pH fluctuates due to the influence of lactic acid generated by the cell activity. Deviate from the optimal pH range for cellular activity. For this reason, when performing long-term culture, it is necessary to separate the cells from the medium and transfer them to a new medium. Therefore, the pH was controlled for the purpose of reducing the labor and the amount of the medium used.

  The test was performed in the apparatus shown in FIG. A solution prepared by adding acetic acid in advance to a commercially available medium (Introgen Corp .; RPMI1640) to prepare an acid was prepared for the test.

The next electrode was immersed in 500 ml of medium and a DC voltage of 1.2 V was applied.
Anode Activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 84 cm ² ; 6 cathodes isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 84 cm ² ; 6 sheets

As a result, as shown below, it was possible to adjust to the pH range (pH 7.2) of a weak alkali preferable as a medium.
Voltage application time pH
0 minutes 6.8
5 minutes 7.1
15 minutes 7.2

  In this example, when the pH before the treatment is on the alkali side from the target value, the intended weak alkaline solution can be obtained by using an isotropic graphite plate for the anode and an activated carbon sheet for the cathode. In addition, when using an activated carbon sheet for the anode and an isotropic graphite plate for the cathode, and when using an isotropic graphite plate for the anode and an activated carbon sheet for the cathode, in either case When the pH of the solution is more alkaline than the target value, a weak alkaline solution having the target value can be obtained by switching the polarity between both electrodes.

  The hydroponics solution has a weak acidity suitable for the cultivation environment, and the pH was controlled using this as a target value.

The test was performed in a state where water passed in the apparatus shown in FIG. As a base solution, as a hydroponics solution, a commercially available solution was dissolved in water and the pH was adjusted to 6.3 (Otsuka House No. 1 made by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. 1500 ppm, Otsuka House No. 2 made 1000 ppm).
The base solution was adjusted to pH 10.3 by adding sodium hydroxide and subjected to the test.

The next electrode was stacked in a 500 ml capacity cell, and a DC voltage of 1.2 V was applied while passing the solution at a flow rate of 50 ml / min.
Anode Isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 cathodes activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets

As a result, as shown below, it was able to be adjusted to a weakly acidic pH range (pH 6.3) preferable as a cultivation environment.
Inlet pH 10.3
Outlet pH 6.3

  In this example, when the pH of the solution becomes more acidic than the target value during the treatment, a weakly acidic solution having the target value can be obtained by switching the polarity between both electrodes.

  Further, a solution prepared by adding hydrochloric acid to the above base solution to adjust the pH to 3.6 was used for the test.

The next electrode was stacked in a 500 ml capacity cell, and a DC voltage of 1.2 V was applied while passing the solution at a flow rate of 50 ml / min.
Anode Activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 cathodes isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets

As a result, as shown below, it was able to be adjusted to a weakly acidic pH range (pH 6.3) preferable as a cultivation environment.
Inlet pH 3.6
Outlet pH 6.3

  In this example, when the pH of the solution becomes more alkaline than the target value during the treatment, a weakly acidic solution having the target value can be obtained by switching the polarity between both electrodes.

  The pH was controlled using the voltage as a parameter. A 1000 ppm NaCl solution (pH 7) was prepared and used for the test.

  With the apparatus shown in FIG. 11, electrodes were stacked in a 500 ml capacity cell, and a DC voltage was applied while changing the voltage in the range of 0.5 to 2 V while passing the solution at a flow rate of 25 ml / min.

The pH of raw water of pH 7 was controlled with the following electrodes. The result is shown in FIG.
Cathode activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets anode Isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets

The pH of raw water of pH 7 was controlled with the following electrodes. The result is shown in FIG.
Anode Activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 cathodes isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets

  FIG. 14 is a graph plotting the outlet pH of raw water having an inlet pH of 7 adjusted for pH. FIG. 15 is a graph plotting the outlet pH of raw water having an inlet pH of 7 adjusted for pH. As can be seen from the figure, the outlet pH changes by changing the applied voltage, and the pH can be controlled to the target value by adjusting the voltage.

  Thus, it can be seen that the pH can be controlled by controlling the voltage to obtain a solution having a target value.

  The pH was controlled using the flow rate as a parameter. A 1000 ppm NaCl solution (pH 7) was prepared and used for the test.

  With the apparatus shown in FIG. 11, electrodes were stacked in a 500 ml capacity cell, and a DC voltage was applied while changing the voltage in the range of 1.2 V while passing the solution at a flow rate of 25 ml / min.

The pH was controlled with the following electrodes.
Anode Activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 cathodes isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets

As a result, as shown below, the result that the control width of pH became large, so that flow volume was small was obtained.
Flow rate ml / min Outlet pH
25 10.5
50 10.0
100 9.5
180 9.0
350 8.5

The pH was controlled with the following electrodes.
Cathode activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets anode Isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets

As a result, as shown below, the result that the control width of pH became large, so that flow volume was small was obtained.
Flow rate ml / min Outlet pH
25 3.2
50 4.0
100 5.5
180 6.4
350 6.7

  As can be seen from these results, it is understood that the outlet pH changes by changing the flow rate, and the pH can be controlled to the target value by adjusting the flow rate.

  Thus, it can be seen that by controlling the flow rate, the pH can be controlled to obtain a target value solution.

  The pH was controlled using the flow rate as a parameter. The amount of change in pH at the cell outlet is proportional to the sum of equivalents of ions adsorbed in the solution flowing into the cell, and the amount of ions adsorbed is proportional to the value of current flowing through the cell electrode. Therefore, it is possible to control the pH at the cell outlet by controlling the amount of current flowing through the electrode.

A 1000 ppm NaCl solution (pH 7) was prepared and used for the test. Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 11, pH control was performed with the following electrodes.
Anode Activated carbon sheet; specific surface area 500 m ² / g, apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 cathodes isotropic graphite plate; apparent area 135 cm ² ; 6 sheets

  FIG. 16 shows the results of the above test, and it can be seen that the outlet pH can be controlled to a constant value by controlling the current value to be constant.

  In this example, when the pH deviates from the target value, a solution having the target value can be obtained by controlling the current value or switching the polarity between both electrodes.

  The present invention includes purification of alkaline ionized water, improved water detergency, improved water sterilizing power, beverage taste adjustment, minute weight control, salt concentration adjustment, osmotic pressure fine adjustment, taste component fine adjustment, liquid In addition to fine adjustment of electrical resistance, adjustment of bactericidal power, adjustment of ink color and clarity, adjustment of culture water for hydroponics, adjustment of the activity of lactic acid and yeast in the food production process, etc. It can be applied to various technical fields such as adjustment of water head pressure, color, density and density.

Further, the present invention, for example, as shown in Table 2 below, separation of dust, fine weight control, adjustment of salt concentration, fine adjustment of osmotic pressure, fine adjustment of taste components, fine adjustment of electrical resistance of solution, sterilization In addition to adjusting the power, adjusting the color and clarity of the ink, adjusting the culture water for hydroponics, adjusting the activity of lactic acid and yeast in the food production process, the refractive index, head pressure, color, density, concentration It can be applied to various technical fields such as adjustment of

It is a figure which shows the principle and schematic structure of the ion concentration control apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the principle and schematic structure of the said ion concentration adjusting device. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the ion concentration adjustment apparatus of 1st Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the ion concentration adjustment apparatus of 2nd Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the ion concentration adjusting apparatus of 3rd Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the ion concentration adjusting apparatus of 4th Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the principle and schematic structure of the ion concentration control apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the ion concentration adjusting apparatus of 5th Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the ion concentration adjustment apparatus of 6th Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquid quality control apparatus used as the premise of this invention. It is a figure which shows the detail of the said liquid quality control apparatus. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquid quality control apparatus of 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the liquid quality control apparatus of 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of Example 10 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of Example 10 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of Example 12 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage tank 2 Introduction path 3 Discharge path 4 DC power supply device 5 Switching apparatus 6 Anode 7 Cathode 8 Control circuit 9 Flowmeter 10 pH meter 11 Flow control valve 12 Ammeter 13 Signal lamp 14 First storage tank 15 Second storage tank 16 Raw water supply Path 17 Purified water discharge path 18 Purified water supply path 19 Waste water path 20 Container 21 Storage tank 22a First valve 22b Second valve 22c Third valve 22d Fourth valve 23 Electrode section 24 Control section 25 Electrode unit 26 Control unit 27 Pan 28 Electric kettle 29 Coffee server 30 Electrode cell 31 Communication path 41 Storage tank 42 Introduction path 43 Discharge path 44 DC power supply 45 Switch 46 Electrode (anode)
46a Electrode (Anode)
46b Electrode (Anode)
47 Electrode (cathode)
47a Electrode (cathode)
47b Electrode (cathode)
48 Control circuit 49 Flow meter 50 Ion concentration meter 51 Flow control valve 52 Separator 53 Communication port 54 Inlet port 55 Outlet port 56 End plate 57 Bolt nut 58a Double-sided electrode (positive electrode)
58b Double-sided electrode (negative electrode)
61a First electrode set 61b Second electrode set 62a First unit 62b Second unit 63 Frame spacer

Claims (6)

An anode and a cathode to be present in the liquid whose concentration is to be adjusted, voltage supply means for applying a DC voltage to the anode and the cathode, and a pH meter for measuring the pH of the liquid,
By making the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the charged substance relatively different between the anode and the cathode, a positive ion adsorption mode that adsorbs a lot of positively charged substances existing in the liquid and a negative ion that adsorbs a lot of negatively charged substances. When adjusting the concentration of the charged substance in the liquid by selectively adsorbing a large amount of any charged substance in any of the adsorption modes ,
By detecting the pH with the pH meter, the degree of alkalinity or acidification of the liquid is detected , the positive ion adsorption mode or the negative ion adsorption mode is performed, and the concentration of the charged substance in the liquid is set toward the target value. A device for adjusting the concentration of a charged substance of liquid, characterized in that the device is configured to adjust. An adsorption mode for selectively adsorbing either a positively charged substance or a negatively charged substance in the liquid by applying a DC voltage to the anode and the cathode, and the anode and the cathode are short-circuited or reversed in polarity. A switching means for switching between the discharge mode for discharging the charged substance that has been adsorbed on the anode and the cathode until then,
The apparatus for adjusting the concentration of a charged substance of liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the adsorption mode, when the pH by the pH meter exceeds a predetermined threshold, the switching unit switches to the release mode. A treatment tank provided with an introduction path for introducing the liquid to be treated and a discharge path for discharging the treated liquid;
An adsorption mode in which a DC voltage is applied to the anode and the cathode to selectively adsorb either a positively charged substance or a negatively charged substance in the liquid, and the anode and the cathode are reversed in polarity. Comprising a switching means for switching between a discharge mode for discharging the charged substance adsorbed on each cathode,
2. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein when the pH meter detects that the concentration of any charged substance exceeds a target value, the switching means switches the anode and the cathode to opposite polarities so as to achieve a target concentration. Liquid charged substance concentration adjusting device.   The concentration adjusting device for a charged substance of liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the anode is set to be larger than that of the cathode.   The concentration adjusting apparatus for a charged substance of liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the cathode is set to be larger than that of the anode.   6. The apparatus for adjusting a concentration of a charged substance of a liquid according to claim 1, wherein the anode and the cathode have relatively different electrostatic adsorption capacities of charged substances by different surface areas. .

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