JP5116940B2 - ヒドラゾノ−マロニトリル類 - Google Patents
ヒドラゾノ−マロニトリル類 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5116940B2 JP5116940B2 JP2003541839A JP2003541839A JP5116940B2 JP 5116940 B2 JP5116940 B2 JP 5116940B2 JP 2003541839 A JP2003541839 A JP 2003541839A JP 2003541839 A JP2003541839 A JP 2003541839A JP 5116940 B2 JP5116940 B2 JP 5116940B2
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- Prior art keywords
- phenyl
- formula
- compounds
- compound
- hal
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 208
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 5
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- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006433 tumor necrosis factor production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001529453 unidentified herpesvirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003827 upregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000028394 ureteral disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045860 white wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にH、OH、OR5、−SR5、−SOR5、−SO2R5又はHalであり、
R1及びR2は、または一緒で−OCH2O−又は−OCH2CH2O−であり、
R3、R3’はそれぞれ互いに独立にH、R5、OH、OR5、NH2、NHR5、NAA’、NHCOR5、NHCOOR5、Hal、COOH、COOR5、CONH2、CONHR5又はCONR5A’であり、
R4はCN又は
R5はA又は3から6個の炭素原子を含む環状アルキルであり、1から5個のF及び/又はCl原子で置換されていても良く、
又は−(CH2)n−Arであり、
A、A’はそれぞれ互いに独立に1から10個の炭素原子を含むアルキル又は2から8個の炭素原子を含むアルケニルであり、1から5個のF及び/又はCl原子で置換されていても良く、
A及びA’は、または一緒で3から7個の炭素原子を含む環状アルキル又は環状アルケニルであり、CH2基はO、NH、NA、NCOA又はNCOOAで置換されていても良く、
Arはフェニルであり、
nは0、1又は2であり、
HalはF、Cl、Br又はIである。
及び/又は、式Iの化合物類において、式Iの塩基性化合物類を酸で処理することによりその塩類の何れかに変換するする。
R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にH、OH、OR5、−SR5、−SOR5、−SO2R5又はHalであり、
R1及びR2は、または一緒になって−OCH2O−又は−OCH2CH2O−であり、
R3、R3’はそれぞれ互いに独立に、R5、OH、OR5、NH2、NHR5、NAA’、NHCOR5、NHCOOR5、Hal、COOH、COOR5、CONH2、CONHR5又はCONR5A’であり、
R5はA又は3から6個の炭素原子を含む環状アルキルであり、1から5個のF及び/又はCl原子で置換されていても良く、
又は−(CH2)n−Arであり、
XはNO2又はNH2であり、
A、A’はそれぞれ互いに独立に1から10個の炭素原子を含むアルキル又は2から8個の炭素原子を含むアルケニルであり、1から5個のF及び/又はCl原子で置換されていても良く、
A及びA’は、または一緒になって3から7個の炭素原子を含む環状アルキル又は環状アルケニルであり、CH2基はO、NH、NA、NCOA又はNCOOAで置換されていても良く、
Arはフェニルであり、
nは0、1又は2であり、
HalはF、Cl、Br又はIである。
本発明上記化合物類は最終形態として非塩類の形態で使用できる。一方、従来良く知られている方法に従い各種の有機および無機の酸類および塩基類から誘導される薬学的に利用可能な塩類の形態で、それらの化合物類を使用することも本発明の範疇内である。式Iの化合物類の薬学的に利用可能な塩類は、殆どの部分を従来の方法により調製できる。式Iの化合物がカルボン酸基を含む場合、その化合物を適当な塩基と反応させ対応する塩基添加塩を生成することで、その化合物の適当な塩を形成できる。
その様な塩基の例は、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、および水酸化リチウムを含むアルカリ金属水酸化物類;水酸化バリウム及び水酸化カルシウム等のアルカリ土類金属水酸化物類;アルカリ金属アルコキシド類、例えばカリウムエトキシド及びナトリウムプロポキシド;およびピペリジン、ジエタノールアミン、およびN−メチルグルタミン等の各種の有機塩類である。また、式Iの化合物のアルミニウム塩類も含まれる。式Iのある種の化合物については、酸添加塩類を、その化合物を薬学的に利用可能な有機および無機酸類と処理することで形成され、例えば、塩酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、ヨウ化水素酸塩などのハロゲン化水素酸塩類;硫酸塩、硝酸塩、リン酸塩、その他などの他の鉱酸類およびそれらの対応する塩類;およびエタンスルホン酸塩、トルエンスルホン酸塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸塩などのアルキル−及びモノ−アリールスルフォン酸塩類;および酢酸塩、酒石酸塩、マレイン酸塩、琥珀酸塩、クエン酸塩、安息香酸塩、サリチル酸塩、アスコルビン酸塩、その他の他の有機酸類およびそれらの対応する塩類である。従って、式Iの化合物類の薬学的に利用可能な酸添加塩類は、これらに限定されることなく、酢酸塩、アジピン酸塩、アルギン酸塩、アルギネート(arginate)、アスパラギン酸塩、安息香酸塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸塩(ベシレート)、重硫酸塩、重亜硫酸塩、臭化物、酪酸塩、樟脳物、カンファスルホン酸塩、カプリル酸塩、塩化物、クロロ安息香酸塩、クエン酸塩、シクロペンタンプロピオン酸塩、グルコン酸二水素塩、リン酸二水素塩、ニトロ安息香酸二水素塩、ドデシル硫酸塩、エタンスルホン酸塩、フマル酸塩、ガラクタル酸塩(粘液酸由来)、ガラクツロン酸塩、グルコヘプタン酸塩、グルコン酸塩、グルタミン酸塩、グリセロリン酸塩、ヘミコハク酸塩、ヘミ硫酸塩、ヘプタン酸塩、ヘキサン酸塩、馬尿酸塩、塩酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、ヨウ化水素酸塩、2−ヒドロキシエタンスルホン酸塩、ヨウ化物、イセチオン酸塩、イソブチル酸塩、乳酸塩、ラクトビオン酸塩、リンゴ酸塩、マレイン酸塩、マロン酸塩、マンデル酸塩、メタリン酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、メチル安息香酸塩、モノリン酸水素塩、2−ナフタレンスルフォン酸塩、ニコチン酸塩、硝酸塩、シュウ酸塩、オレイン酸塩、パモ酸塩、ペクチン酸塩、過硫酸塩、フェニル酢酸塩、3−フェニルプロピオン酸塩、リン酸塩、ホスホン酸塩、フタル酸塩を含む。
同一の結合性を有しているにも関わらず2つ又はそれ以上の異なる方法に配置され得る構成原子が存在すると言った化合物も式Iの範疇である。結果として、前記化合物には立体異性体が存在する。シス−トランス異性体が唯一の立体異性体ではない。立体異性体に互いに重ね合わせることのできない鏡像が存在する場合、1つ又は複数の非対称炭素原子が構成構造中に存在するため、それらは光学異性体で対掌性または利手性を有する。光学異性体は光学活性であり、偏光面を同じ量だけ回転させるが反対方向のため、区別できる。
式Iの化合物の範疇に更に含まれると考えられるものに、同位体標識された形態がある。式Iの化合物の同位体標識された形態は、自然界で普通に見出される原子の原子量または質量数と異なる原子量または質量数の原子の1以上により置換された前記化合物の1以上原子の前記式Iの化合物と同一である。商業的に容易に入手でき十分に確立されて方法に従い式Iの化合物に導入可能な同位体の例は、水素、炭素、窒素、酸素、リン、フッ素および塩素を含み、例えば、それぞれ2H、3H、13C、14C、15N、18O、17O、31P、32P、35S、18F、および36Clである。1以上の上記同位体および/または他の原子の他の同位体を有する式Iの化合物、プロドラッグ、薬学的に利用可能な塩が、本発明の範疇に含まれると考えられる。同位体標識された式Iの化合物は、多くに有益方法において使用できる。例えば、同位体標識された式Iの化合物、例えば、3H又は14Cの様な放射性同位体が導入されている場合、薬剤および/または基質の組織分布アッセイにおいて有益である。これらの放射性同位体、即ち、三重水素、3H、およびカーボン−14、14Cは、調製が容易であり優れた検出性のため、特に好ましい。例えば、重水素、2H等の重い同位体の式Iの化合物への導入することにより、治療上の利点を実現でき、このことは、前記同位体標識された化合物の改良された代謝安定性に基づいている。改良された代謝安定性は、細胞内での半減期の増加または投薬量の減少を直接意味し、本発明の好ましい実施形態を構成する。Synthesis Schemes及び関連した記載中、例、およびここの調製、容易に入手可能な同位体標識された試薬で対応する非同位体標識の試薬を置換することで、記載された方法を実行し、同位体で標識された式Iの化合物を調製できる。
主要速度論的同位体効果は同位体元素の置換を生じる化学反応の速度変化であり、前記同位体置換を引き起こす共有結合の形成に必要な基底状態のエネルギーの変化によって生じる。より重い同位体の置換は、化学結合の基底状態エネルギーを一般に低下させ、律速の結合解離工程の速度低下を生じる。その結合解離が複数の生成物が生じる反応の反応座標にそって鞍点またはその近傍で起こる場合、生成物の分布比は置換により変化する。説明のために、交換し得ない状態で炭素原子に重水素が結合している場合、速度差kM/kDは2〜7が典型的である。この速度差は、式Iの化合物の酸化的変化に成功裡に適用でき、生体中での前記化合物の特性に劇的に影響し、結果として薬物動態学的特性が改良される。
更に、本発明は心筋疾患の治療のために式Iの化合物を使用することに関する。
上記の話しの中で特に医療的に問題となるのは、最初のPTCAによる再潅流再潅流が成功した後に、ステント移植、血栓崩壊または冠動脈にバイパスを施した後ですら、動脈再狭窄が進行することである。
これらの炎症の進行には、常駐および進入性マクロファージ並びにニュートフィリス及びTH1及びTH2ヘルパー細胞が関与している。この白血球の応答は特徴的なサイトカインのパターンを形成し、TNF−α、IL−1β、IL−2、及びIL−6、並びにIL−10及びIL−13(Pulkki KJ著、サイトカイン及び心臓心筋死、Ann.Med誌、1997年刊、第29巻、第339〜343頁。Birks EJ、Yacoub MH著、心臓麻痺における一酸化窒素およびサイトカインの役割、Coron.Artery.Dis.誌、1997年刊、第8巻、第389〜402頁)を含む。
慢性または急性気管支収縮;慢性気管支炎;末梢気道閉塞症;及び気腫;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての閉塞性または炎症性気道疾患;または喘息;塵肺;慢性好酸球性肺炎;慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD);慢性気管支炎、肺気腫症またはそれらと併発する呼吸困難を誘発するCOPD;回復不能性または進行性気道閉塞を特徴とするCOPD;成人呼吸窮迫症候群(ARDS)、および他の薬物療法の結果生じた気道過敏性の悪化から成る群より選ばれる閉塞性または炎症性気道疾患;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての塵肺;またはアルミニウム肺症またはボーキサイト労働者病;炭症または炭坑作業員喘息;石綿肺症または蒸気管工事人喘息;石肺症または火打ち石病(flint disease);ダチョウの羽からの埃を吸入することに起因する埃肺症;鉄微粒子を吸入することに起因する鉄沈着症;珪肺症または研磨機作業員病;綿肺症または綿埃喘息;および滑石肺から成る群より選ばれる塵肺;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての気管支炎;または急性気管支炎;急性喉頭気管気管支炎;アラキン気管支炎;カタル性気管支炎;クループ性気管支炎;乾性気管支炎;感染性喘息性気管支炎;喀痰性気管支炎(productive bronchitis);ブドウ球菌性または連鎖球菌性気管支炎;および水疱性気管支炎から成る群より選ばれる気管支炎;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての気管支拡張症;または円柱状気管支拡張症;小嚢性気管支拡張症;紡錘菌性気管支拡張症;毛細血管気管支拡張症;嚢胞性気管支拡張症;乾性気管支拡張症;および濾胞性気管支拡張症から成る群より選ばれる気管支拡張症;
季節性アレルギー性鼻炎;または通年性アレルギー性鼻炎;または型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての副鼻腔炎;または化膿性または非化膿性副鼻腔炎;急性または慢性副鼻腔炎;および篩骨、前額骨、上顎骨、または蝶形骨副鼻腔炎から成る群より選ばれる副鼻腔炎;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての関節リウマチ;急性関節炎;急性痛風性関節炎;慢性非炎症性関節炎;変形性関節炎;感染性関節炎;ライム病関節炎;増殖性関節炎;乾癬性関節炎;および脊椎関節炎から成る群より選ばれる関節リウマチ;
痛風、および炎症を伴う熱および痛み;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての好酸球関連障害;または好酸球増多症;肺好酸球浸潤症;ロフィア症候群;慢性好酸球性肺炎;熱帯性肺好酸球増多症;気管支肺アスペルギルス症;アスペルギルス腫;好酸球を含有する肉芽腫;アレルギー性肉芽腫性血管炎またはチャーグ−ストラウス症候群;結節性多発性動脈炎(PAN);および全身性壊死性血管炎から成る群より選ばれる好酸球関連障害;
アトピー性皮膚炎;またはアレルギー性皮膚炎;またはアレルギー性またはアトピー性湿疹;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての蕁麻疹;または免疫介在蕁麻疹;補体介在蕁麻疹;蕁麻疹性物質誘導蕁麻疹;物理的刺激誘導蕁麻疹;ストレス誘導蕁麻疹;突発性蕁麻疹;急性蕁麻疹;慢性蕁麻疹;血管浮腫;コリン作用性蕁麻疹;常染色体優性型または後天型の寒冷蕁麻疹;接触性蕁麻疹;巨大蕁麻疹;および丘疹性蕁麻疹から成る群より選ばれる蕁麻疹;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての結膜炎;照射性結膜炎;急性カタル性結膜炎;急性伝染性結膜炎;アレルギー性結膜炎;アトピー性結膜炎;慢性カタル性結膜炎;化膿性結膜炎;および春季結膜炎から成る群より選ばれる結膜炎;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全てのブドウ膜炎;またはブドウ膜の全体または一部の炎症;前部ブドウ膜炎;虹彩炎;毛様体炎;虹彩毛様体炎;顆粒性ブドウ膜炎;非顆粒性ブドウ膜炎;水晶体過敏性ブドウ膜炎;後部ブドウ膜炎;脈絡膜炎;および脈絡網膜炎から成る群より選ばれるブドウ膜炎;
乾癬;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての多発性硬化症;原発性進行性多発性硬化症;および再発性多発性硬化症から成る群より選ばれる多発性硬化症;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての自己免疫性/炎症性疾患;または自己免疫性血液疾患;溶血性貧血;再生不良性貧血;真正赤血球性貧血;特発性血小板減少性紫斑病;全身性紅斑性狼瘡;多発性軟骨炎;強皮症;ウェグナー氏肉芽腫症;皮膚筋炎;慢性活動性肝炎;重症筋無力症;スティーブンス−ジョンソン氏症候群;特発性スプルー;自己免疫性大腸炎;潰瘍性大腸炎;クローン氏病;内分泌オプタモパシー;グラーベ氏病;サルコイドーシス;歯槽骨炎;慢性過敏性肺臓炎;原発性胆汁性肝硬変症;若年性糖尿病または若年型糖尿病タイプ1;前部ブドウ膜炎;肉芽腫性または後部ブドウ膜炎;乾性角結膜炎;流行性角結膜炎;びまん性間質性肺線維症または間質性肺線維症;特発性肺線維症;嚢胞性線維症;乾癬性関節炎;ネフローゼ症候群を伴う又は伴わない糸球体腎炎;急性糸球体腎炎;突発性ネフローゼ症候群;微少変化ネフローゼ症;炎症性/過敏性増殖性皮膚病;乾癬;アトピー性皮膚炎;接触性皮膚炎;アレルギー性接触性皮膚炎;良性家族性天疱瘡;紅斑性天疱瘡;落葉状天疱瘡;および尋常性天疱瘡から成る群より選ばれる自己免疫性/炎症性疾患;
臓器移植後の同種細胞組織不適合の予防;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての炎症性腸疾患(IBD);または潰瘍性大腸炎(UC);コラーゲン蓄積大腸炎;大腸炎ポリープ;全層性大腸炎;およびクローン氏病(CD)から成る群より選ばれる炎症性腸疾患;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての敗血症性ショック;または腎不全;急性腎不全;悪液質;マラリア悪液質;下垂体性悪液質;尿毒性悪液質;心臓悪液質;悪液質副腎またはアディソン氏病;癌性悪液質;およびヒト免疫不全ウイルスの感染の結果生じる悪液質から成る群より選ばれる敗血症性ショック;
肝臓損傷;
肺高血圧症;および低酸素誘導性肺高血圧症;
骨粗鬆症;原発性骨粗鬆症;および続発性骨粗鬆症;
型、病因、または病態の如何に関わることなく全ての中枢神経系疾患;またはパーキンソン氏病;学習および記憶障害;錐体外路性終末欠陥症候群(tardive dyskinesia) ;薬物依存症;動脈硬化性痴呆;およびハンチントン氏舞踏病、ウイルソン氏病、振戦麻痺(paralysis agitans)、および視床萎縮症に伴う痴呆から成る群より選ばれる中枢神経系疾患;
感染、特にウイルスによる感染で、宿主のTNF−αの生産を増加させるウイルス、またはウイルスの複製または生命活動に不利な影響を与える宿主のTNF−αによる上限制御に感受性のウイルスであり、HIV−1、HIV−2、およびHIV−3;シトロネガロウイルス、CMV;インフルエンザ;アデノウイルス;および帯状疱疹および単純ヘルペスを含むヘルペスウイルスから成る群より選ばれるウイルスを含み;
酵母および真菌の感染で、該酵母および真菌は宿主のTNF−αによる上限制御に感受性であるかTNF−αの生産を顕在化させるものであり、例えば、真菌性髄膜炎;特に全身性の酵母および真菌の感染を処置するために選ばれ、他の薬剤と併用して投薬した際、例えばこれに限定されることなくポリマイシンBなどのポリミキシン類;イミダゾール類、例えば、クロトリマゾール、エコナゾール、ミコナゾール、およびケトコナゾール;トリアゾール類、例えば、フルコナゾールおよびイトラナゾール;およびアンフォテリシン類、例えば、アムホテリシンBおよびリポソームアムホテリシンBを含み;
虚血再潅流傷害;自己免疫性糖尿病;網膜自己免疫症;慢性リンパ性白血病;HIV感染;紅斑性狼瘡;腎臓および尿管病;泌尿生殖器および胃腸障害;および前立腺病
から成る群より選ばれる疾病、障害、および疾患の一種または複数種を治療または予防するための薬剤を調製するために、式Iの化合物類を使用することを本発明が提供する。
(a)治療を必要とする患者に対して、その様な化合物および治療試薬の組合わせを同時に投薬することで、その様な成分は1回の投薬用の形に共に製剤されており、前記成分は実質的に同時に前記患者に放出される;
(b)治療を必要とする患者に対して、その様な化合物および治療試薬の組合わせを実質的に同時に投薬することで、その様な成分は個別にそれぞれの投薬形式に製剤されており、患者は実質的に同時に摂取し、前記成分は実質的に同時に前記患者に放出される;
(c)治療を必要とする患者に対して、その様な化合物および治療試薬の組合わせを連続して投薬することで、その様な成分は個別にそれぞれの投薬形式に製剤されており、それぞれの摂取の間に長い時間を取って前記患者は連続して摂取し、前記前記成分は実質的に異なった時に前記患者に放出される;
および(d)治療を必要とする患者に対して、その様な化合物および治療試薬の組合わせを連続して投薬することで、その様な成分は1回の投薬用の形に共に製剤されており、前記成分は、一斉に、連続して、および/または重複して、同時および/または異なった時に摂取される様に制御された様式で放出される。
本発明の実施の形態として、式Iの1種以上の化合物類はロイコトリエン生合成阻害剤類、即ち、5−リポキシゲナーゼ阻害剤類および/または5−リポキシゲナーゼ活性化蛋白質拮抗剤類との組合わせて使用される。5−リポキシゲナーゼ(5−LO)はアラキドン酸を代謝する2つの酵素群で、他の群はサイクロオキシゲナーゼCOX−1及びCOX−2である。5−リポキシゲナーゼ活性化蛋白質は18kDaの膜結合、アラキドン酸化結合蛋白質で、5−リポキシゲナーゼによる細胞性アラキドン酸の変換を刺激する。アラキドン酸は5−ヒドロペルオキシエイコサテトラエノール酸(5−HPETE)に変換され、この経路は最終的に炎症性ロイコトリエンの生成に結びつく;結果として、5−リポキシゲナーゼ活性化蛋白質または5−リポキシゲナーゼ自身を阻害すれば、その経路を効果的に阻害する好ましい標的が得られる。その様な5−リポキシゲナーゼ阻害剤の1つがジレウトンである。ロイコトリエン合成阻害剤類の群の中で式Iの化合物類と治療的に組合わせることが好ましいものは以下の通りである:
(a)酸化還元活性試薬でN−ヒドロキシウレアーゼ;N−アルキルヒドロキシアミド酸類;セレナイト;ヒドロキシベンゾフラン類;ヒドロキシアミン類;およびカテコール類を含み、Ford−Hutchinsonら著、「5−リポキシゲナーゼ」、Ann.Rev.Biochm.誌、第63巻、第383〜417頁、1994年刊;Weitzel及びWendel著、「過酸化物的にセレノエンザイムは白血球5−リポキシゲナーゼの活性を制御する」、J.Biol.Chem.誌、第268巻、第6288〜92頁、1993年刊;Bjornstedtら著、「NADPH及び哺乳類チオレドキシンリダクターゼとセレナイトを加温するとセレナイドが生成し、リポキシゲナーゼが阻害され活性場鉄の電子スピン共鳴スペクトルが変化する」、Biochemistry誌、第35巻、第8511〜6頁、1996年刊;およびStewartら著、「N−ヒドロキシウレア5−リポキシゲナーゼ阻害剤類の構造活性相関」、J.Med.Chem.誌、第40巻、第1955〜68頁、1997年刊を参照;
(b)アルキル化試薬およびSH基と反応する化合物はロイコトリエンの合成を阻害することが生体外で見出されている;Larssonら著、「5−リポキシゲナーゼ活性および細胞性ロイコトリエン合成における1−クロロ−2,4,6−トリニトロベンゼンの影響」、Biochem.Pharmacol.誌、第55巻、第863〜71頁、1998年刊を参照;および
(c)5−リポキシゲナーゼの競争阻害、チオピラノインドール及びメトキシアルキルチアゾール構造を基礎としており、5−リポキシゲナーゼ非酸化還元阻害剤として作用するかもしれない;Ford−Hutchinsonら著の上記文献;およびHamelら著、「強力で経口的に活性な5−リポキシゲナーゼ阻害剤である構造化(ピリジルメトキシ)ナフタレン類−合成、生物的特性、およびL−739,01 0の薬物動態学」、J.Med.Chem.誌、第40巻、第2866〜75頁、1997年刊を参照。
式Iの化合物類の1種またはそれ以上を、ロイコトリエンTLB4、LTC4、LTD4、およびLTE4に対する受容体拮抗剤類と組合わせて使用する。炎症応答に関しては、これらのロイコトリエンの中で最も重要なものはTLB4及びLTD4である。これらのロイコトリエンの受容体の拮抗剤類を以下の段落に記載する。
本発明の更なる実施形態であり、ここで記載する各種の疾病、障害、および疾患の極めて多数の治療に有益な組合わせを構成するために、本発明式Iの化合物類の1種またはそれ以上を他の治療的試薬および非治療的試薬と同時に使用する。前記実施形態は、式Iの化合物類の1種またはそれ以上と以下の1種またはそれ以上を含有する:
(a)PDE4阻害剤類;
(b)5−リポキシゲナーゼ(5−LO)阻害剤類、および5−リポキシゲナーゼ活性化蛋白質(FLAP)拮抗剤類;
(c)5−リポキシゲナーゼ(5−LO)および血小板活性因子(PAF)の二重阻害剤類拮抗剤類;
(d)LTB4、LTC4、LTD4、およびLTE4の類似体を含むロイコトリン拮抗剤類;
(e)セチリジン、ロラタダイン、デスロラタダイン、フェゾフェナダイン、アステミゾール、アゼラスタイン、およびクロロフェニルアミンを含む抗ヒスタミンH1受容体拮抗剤類;
(f)ガストロプロテクティブH2受容体拮抗剤類;
(g)プロピルヘキセドリン、フェニレフリン、フェニルプロパノラミン、偽エフェドリン、ナファゾリン塩酸塩、塩酸オキシメタゾリン、塩酸テトラヒドロゾリン、塩酸キシロメタゾリン、および塩酸エチルノルエピネフリンを含む充血除去剤類として使用するために経口または局部的に投薬されるα1−及びα2−アドレナリン受容体作用剤類血管収縮剤類交感神経興奮剤類;
(h)5−リポキシゲナーゼ(5−LO)の阻害剤類と組合されるα1−及びα2−アドレナリン受容体作用剤類;
(i)臭化イプラトロピウム;臭化チオトロピウム;臭化オキシトロピウム;ピレンゼピン;およびテレンゼピンを含む抗コリン剤類;
(j)メタプロテレノール、イソプロテレノール、イソプレナリン、アルブテロール、サルブタモール、フォルモテロール、サルメテロール、テルブタリン、オルシプレナリン、ビトルテロール メシレート、およびピルブテロールを含むβ1−及びβ4−アドレナリン受容体作用剤類;
(k)テオフィリン及びアミノフィリン;
(l)クロモグリク酸ナトリウム;
(m)ムスカリン性受容体(M1、M2、およびM3)作用剤類;
(n)COX−1阻害剤類(NSAIDs);COX−2選択的阻害剤類ロフェコシコブ;および一酸化窒素NSAIDs;
(o)インスリン様増殖因子タイプ1(IGF−1)模倣剤類;
(p)シクレソニド;
(q)プレドニゾン、プレドニゾロン、フルニソリド、トリアムシノロンアセトニド、ジプロピオン酸ベクロメタゾン、ブデソ
ニド、プロピオン酸フルチカゾン、およびフランカルボン酸モメタゾンを含む全身的副作用が減少された吸入グルココルチコイド;
(r)トリプターゼ阻害剤類;
(s)血小板活性化因子(PAF)拮抗剤類;
(t)モノクローナル抗体活性化剤類因感染炎症性剤類;
(u)IPL576;
(v)エタネルセプト、インフリキシマブ、およびD2E7を含む抗腫瘍壊死因子(TNFα)剤類;
(w)レフルノミドを含むDMARDs;
(x)TCRペプチド;
(y)インターロイキン変換酵素(ICE)阻害剤類;
(z)IMPDH阻害剤類;
(aa)VLA−4拮抗剤類を含む接着分子阻害剤類;
(bb)カテプシン類;
(cc)MAPキナーゼ阻害剤類;
(dd)ブドウ糖−6−リン酸脱水素酵素阻害剤類;
(ee)キニン−B1−及びB2受容体拮抗剤類;
(ff)親水基と組合されたアウロチオ基の形の金;
(gg)例えば、サイクロスポリン、アザチオプリン、およびメトトレキサート等の免疫抑制剤類;
(hh)例えば、コルヒチン類などの抗痛風剤類;
(ii)例えば、アロプリノール等のキサンチン酸化酵素阻害剤類;
(jj)例えば、プロベネシド、スルフィンピラゾン、およびベンズブロマロン等の尿酸排泄促進剤類;
(kk)ビンブラスチン及びビンクリスチンの様なビンカアルカロイド類を含む抗新生物剤類(antineoplastic agents)、特に細胞分裂阻止剤類;
(ll)成長ホルモン分泌促進剤類;
(mm)マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ類(MMPs)の阻害剤類、即ち、ストロメリシン類、コラーゲナーゼ類、およびゲラティニシス類、並びにアグレカナーゼ;特に、コラーゲナーゼ−1(MMP−1)、コラーゲナーゼ−2(MMP−8)、コラーゲナーゼ−3(MMP−13)、ストロメリシン−1(MMP−3)、ストロメリシン−2(MMP−10)、およびストロメリシン−3(MMP−11)から成る群より選ばれる;
(nn)形質転換成長因子(TGFβ);
(oo)血小板由来増殖因子(PDGF);
(pp)例えば、塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子(bFGF)等の線維芽細胞成長因子;
(qq)顆粒球マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM−CSF);
(rr)カプサイシン;
(ss)NKP−608C;SB−233412(タルネタント);およびD−4418から成る群より選ばれるタキキニンNK1及びNK3受容体拮抗剤類;
(tt)UT−77及びZD−0892から成る群より選ばれるエラスターゼ阻害剤類;および
(uu)アデノシンA2a受容体拮抗剤類。
以下の記載は、式Iの化合物類を必要に応じて治療的試薬または非治療的試薬と共に、異なった投薬方法に適する投薬形態を作製するために従来の薬学的に利用可能な媒体の殆ど全てと組合わせ、全ての患者および患者が治療されるべき疾病、障害、または疾患に好適に使用することに関する。
その様な媒体を説明するために、本発明の製薬組成物で使用され得る薬学的に使用可能な媒体を以下で簡単に概説し、その後、各種成分を詳述する。典型的な媒体は、これらに限定されることなく、イオン交換組成物;アルミナ;ステアリン酸アルミニウム;レクチン;血清蛋白質、例えば、ヒト血清アルブミン;リン酸塩;グリシン;ソルビン酸;ソルビン酸カリウム;部分グリセリン化飽和植物性脂肪酸混合物;水素化ヤシ油;水;塩または電解質、例えば、硫酸プロラミン、リン酸水素二ナトリウム;リン酸水素カリウム;塩化ナトリウム、および亜鉛塩類;コロイダルシリカ;三ケイ酸マグネシウム;ポリビニルピロリドン;セルロース系素材、例えばカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム;ポリエチレングリコール;ポリアクリレート類;ワックス類;ポリエチレン−ポリオキシ−プロピレン−ブロック高分子類;および羊毛脂である。
(b)エマルジョンの非連続層、または注射または輸液の際に逆転する逆層エマルジョンの非連続層に含まれており、前記エマルジョンが適当なエマルジョン試薬を含んでいるか;または(c)コロイド又は微粒子の状態で分散された固体として分散液に含まれており、前記分散液が適当な分散剤を含有している場合;
(2)前記局部部位に持続性薬として注射または輸液で、前記組成物は前記活性成分を保存し、その後、前記局部部位に前記活性成分を遅延、継続的および/または制御して放出し、また、全身的送達の活性が殆どなく前記活性成分の局部的活性が優位となる要素を前記組成物が含んでいるか、前記製薬組成物が前記阻害剤の送達のための適当な固体状態で前記活性成分を含んでおり;
(3)前記局部部位に適当な固体状態で製薬組成物を点滴輸液、吸息または吸入するかで、前記活性成分が(a)前記局部部位に導入された固体埋め込み組成物中に含まれ、前記組成物が至適に前記局部部位に前記活性成分を遅延、継続的および/または制御して放出するか;(b)前記局部部位に吸息されるよう特殊な組成物に含まれているか;または(c)前記局部部位に吹き込まれるよう特殊な組成物に含まれているかで、全身的送達の活性が殆どなく前記活性成分の局部的活性が優位となる要素を前記組成物が含んでおり、前記局部部位に前記活性成分を遅延、継続的および/または制御して放出する。眼科的使用のためには、製薬組成物が等張液に微小分散されpHが調整された滅菌塩類の状態、または、好ましくは、pHが調整された滅菌塩類で塩化ベンジルアルコニウムの様な保存料を含むか含まず等張液中の溶液の状態で製剤される場合もある。また、眼科的使用のために、製薬組成物をワセリンの様な軟膏の状態で製剤する場合もある。
(a)式Iの化合物および/またはその薬学的に利用可能な誘導体、溶媒和物および幾何異性体で、これらの任意比率の混合物の有効量、
および
(b)更なる薬剤活性成分の有効量
からなるセット(キット)に関する。
1.1 100mlのジクロロメタン中の70mlの3−クロロカルボニル−プロピオン酸メチルエステルを、20〜25°のジクロロメタン300ml中の80.0gのAlCl3の分散液に添加する。100mlのジクロロメタン中の85.0gの1,2−ジエトキシベンゼンの溶液を、0°で加える。溶液を室温で14時間攪拌する。通常に完了し、122.2gの4−(3,4−ジエトキシ−フェニル)−4−オキソ−酪酸メチルエステル(“AA”)が生じ、融点は84〜85°である。
[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−2クロロ−フェニル)−メタノン
[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−フェニル)−メタノン
[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−2フルオロ−フェニル)−メタノン
[3−(3−ベンジロキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−フェニル)−メタノン
[3−(3,4−ジフルオロ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−フェニル)−メタノン、カリウム塩;
[3−(4−エチル−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−フェニル)−メタノン、
[3−(3−プロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−フェニル)−メタノン、
[3−(3−イソプロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−(4−アミノ−フェニル)−メタノン、
と反応させることにより、以下の化合物を得る:
2−[(3−クロロ−4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩;
2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩;
2−[(3−フルオロ−4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩;
2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−ベンジロキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩;
2−[(4−{1−[3−(3,4−ジフルオロ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩;
2−[(4−{1−[3−(4−エチル−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩;
2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−プロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩;
2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−イソプロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、カリウム塩。
2.1 アセトニトリル及び炭酸カリウムの中で、イソバニリンをヨードエタンと反応させる。通常に完了し、3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−ベンズアルデヒド(“BA”)が生じる。
4mlのDMF中の500mgの2−[(3−フルオロ−4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、66mgの塩化アンモニウム、81mgのアジ化ナトリウム及び触媒量の塩化リチウムの溶液を120°で24時間攪拌する。通常に完了し、乾燥結晶をメタノールに溶解する。メタノール中の等量のKOHを加える。溶媒を除去し、酢酸エチル/ジエチルエーテルを残渣に加える。収量:460mgの[(4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−3−フルオロ−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、カリウム塩。
[(3−{1−[3−(3,4−ジエトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
[(3−クロロ−4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
[(4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
[(4−{1−[3−(3−ベンジロキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
[(4−{1−[3−(3,4−ジフルオロ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
[(4−{1−[3−(4−エチル−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
[(4−{1−[3−(3−プロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
[(4−{1−[3−(3−イソプロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾル−5−イル)−アセトニトリル。
例1又は2と同様にして、式I−Aの以下の化合物(表I)を得る。
例1又は2と同様にして、式I−Bの以下の化合物(表II)を得る。
例3と同様にして、式I−Cの以下の化合物(表III)を得る。
例3と同様にして、式I−Dの以下の化合物(表IV)を得る。
Lymphoprep勾配法により、健康な提供者の血液より、末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を単離する。加熱不活性ヒト血清(AB pool)を5%含有するRPMI1640培地中、200000/穴のPBMCを37℃で5日間および96穴平底マイクロタイタープレート中10%のCO2で培養する。PBMC中でのT細胞の調製は、CD3に対する単クローン抗体で選択的に刺激される。未処理の対照群を含め、培養は3重に行なう。
Lymphoprep勾配法により、健康な提供者の血液より、末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を単離する。加熱不活性ヒト血清(AB pool)を5%含有するRPMI1640培地中、200000/穴のPBMCを37℃で、および96穴平底マイクロタイタープレート中10%のCO2で培養する。未処理の対照群を含め、培養は3重に行なう。式Iの化合物類の溶液をDMSO中に10-2Mで調製し、培地中に希釈する。対照の培地は、阻害剤濃度と同じDMSOで処理する。
腹膜内的に式Iの化合物類を1、3、10mg/kg投与すると1時間後に、左冠状動脈の改善可能な閉塞において、投薬に依存して梗塞の大きさが著しく減少する。この保護に対応して、血漿TNF−αの放出の減少が、ELISAによる測定で観測される。
30分の冠状動脈閉塞(左冠状動脈の回旋枝の側枝)を起し120分の再潅流を施され麻酔されたウサギにおいて、PDE4阻害による心臓保護効果がある。冠動脈閉塞に先立ち式Iの化合物類を適用することで、偽薬処理と比較して、梗塞の大きさが減少する。危険な領域は、真薬および偽薬のグループ間の程度である。実験の間を通して、心拍数および平均大動脈圧が一定を保っていることから、心臓保護効果は好ましい血流力学に起因するものではない。
2回蒸留した水3l中の式Iの活性化合物100g及びリン酸1水素2ナトリウム5gの溶液のpHを、2Nの塩酸を使用して6.5に調整し、滅菌濾過して、注射バイアルに注入し、無菌条件下で凍結乾燥し、無菌的に密封する。それぞれの注射バイアルは5mgの活性化合物を有する。
20gの式Iの活性化合物の混合物を、100gの大豆レクチン及び1400gのココアバターと共に溶解し、型に注入して、冷却する。それぞれの坐薬は20mgの活性化合物を有する。
2回蒸留した水940ml中で、1gの式Iの活性化合物、9.38gのNaH2PO4・2H2O、28.48gのNa2HPO4・12H2O及び0.1gの塩化ベンザルコニウムの溶液を調製する。溶液のpHを6.8に調整し、体積を1lとし、照射殺菌する。この溶液は点眼剤の形態で使用できる。
500mgの式Iの活性化合物を99.5gのワセリンゼリーと、無菌的条件で混合する。
1kgの式Iの活性化合物、4kgの乳糖、1.2kgのかたくり粉、0.2kgのタルク及び0.1kgのステアリン酸マグネシウムの混合物を圧縮して、それぞれのタブレットが10mgの活性化合物を含むよう定法により、タブレットとする。
例Eと同様にして、タブレットを圧縮し、そして、サッカロース、かたくり粉、タルク、トラガカント及び着色剤の被覆に関する定法により、被覆する。
2kgの式Iの活性化合物を、それぞれのカプセルが20mgの活性化合物を含むよう定法により、硬度ゼラチンカプセルに充填する。
2回蒸留した水60l中の1gの式Iの活性化合物1kgの溶液を滅菌濾過し、アンプルに充填し、無菌条件下で凍結乾燥し、無菌的に密封する。それぞれのアンプルは10mgの活性化合物を有する。
Claims (9)
- 式Iの化合物およびそれらの薬学的に利用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体。
R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にH、OH、OR5、−SR5、−SOR5、−SO2R5又はHalであり、
R1及びR2はまたは一緒で−OC
H2O−又は−OCH2CH2O−であり、
R3、R3'はそれぞれ互いに独立にH、R5、OH、OR5、NH2、NHR5、NAA'、NHCOR5、NHCOOR5、Hal、COOH、COOR5、CONH2、CONHR5又はCONR5A'であり、
R4はCN又は
R5はA又は3から6個の炭素原子を含む環状アルキルであり、1から5個のF及び/又はCl原子で置換されていても良く、
又は−(CH2)n−Arであり、
A、A'はそれぞれ互いに独立に1から10個の炭素原子を含むアルキル又は2から8個の炭素原子を含むアルケニルであり、1から5個のF及び/又はCl原子で置換されていても良く、
A及びA'は一緒で3から7個の炭素原子を含む環状アルキル又は環状アルケニルであり、CH2基はO、NH、NA、NCOA又はNCOOAで置換されていても良く、
Arはフェニルであり、
nは0、1又は2であり、
HalはF、Cl、Br又はIである。 - R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にOA、A、OAr又はHalである
請求項1記載の化合物およびそれらの薬学的に利用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体。 - R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にOA、A、OAr又はHalであり、
R3はH、Hal又はOAである
請求項1記載の化合物およびそれらの薬学的に利用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体。 - R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にOA、A、OAr又はHalであり、
R3はH、Hal又はOAであり、
R5はAである
請求項1記載の化合物およびそれらの薬学的に利用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体。 - R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にOA、A、OAr又はHalであり、
R3はH、Hal又はOAであり、
R5はAであり、
Aは1から6個の炭素原子を含むアルキルである
請求項1記載の化合物およびそれらの薬学的に利用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体。 - R1、R2はそれぞれ互いに独立にOA、A、OAr又はHalであり、
R3、R3'はそれぞれ互いに独立にH、Hal又はOAであり、
R5はAであり、
Aは1から6個の炭素原子を含むアルキルであり、
Arはフェニルである
請求項1記載の化合物およびそれらの薬学的に利用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体。 - a)2−[(3−クロロ−4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、
b)2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、
c)2−[(3−フルオロ−4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、
d)2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−ベンジロキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、
e)2−[(4−{1−[3−(3,4−ジフルオロ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、
f)[(4−{1−[3−(3−エトキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−3−フルオロ−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−2−(1H−テトラゾール−5−イル)−アセトニトリル、
g)2−[(4−{1−[3−(4−エチル−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、
h)2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−プロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル、
i)2−[(4−{1−[3−(3−イソプロポキシ−4−メトキシ−フェニル)−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−ピリダジン−1−イル]−メタノイル}−フェニル)−ヒドラゾノ]−マロニトリル
からなる群より選ばれる請求項1記載の式Iの化合物およびそれらの薬学的に利用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体。 - 請求項1に記載の式Iの化合物(但し、R 4 はシアノである)において、シアノ基をテトラゾール基に変換することによりR 4 を他の基R 4 に変換し、
必要に応じて、式Iの化合物をその塩の何れかに変換する
ことを特徴とする式Iの化合物、及びその塩および溶媒和物の調製方法。
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