JP4532071B2 - ベンゾイルピリダジン - Google Patents
ベンゾイルピリダジン Download PDFInfo
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- JP4532071B2 JP4532071B2 JP2002552911A JP2002552911A JP4532071B2 JP 4532071 B2 JP4532071 B2 JP 4532071B2 JP 2002552911 A JP2002552911 A JP 2002552911A JP 2002552911 A JP2002552911 A JP 2002552911A JP 4532071 B2 JP4532071 B2 JP 4532071B2
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- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PESXGULMKCKJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methoxycarbonylphenolate Chemical compound [Na+].COC(=O)C1=CC=C([O-])C=C1 PESXGULMKCKJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IXMINYBUNCWGER-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-propoxycarbonylphenolate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C([O-])C=C1 IXMINYBUNCWGER-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IQXFQHXFCSOQGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-acetyl-7-[5-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)pentoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC1=C(O)C(C(C)=O)=CC=C1OCCCCCOC(C(=C1)C(C)=O)=CC2=C1CCC(C([O-])=O)O2 IQXFQHXFCSOQGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005078 sorbitan sesquioleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000391 sorbitan trioleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001589 sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004129 sorbitan tristearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000006923 sphenoid sinusitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036262 stenosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037804 stenosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005556 structure-activity relationship Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid group Chemical class S(N)(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940071103 sulfosalicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127230 sympathomimetic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001975 sympathomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001839 systemic circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012385 systemic delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950005829 temelastine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950009638 tepoxalin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000351 terfenadine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FBWNMEQMRUMQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tergitol NP-9 Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO)C=C1 FBWNMEQMRUMQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004989 tetracycline hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratriacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000542 thalamic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- ROUYSXBEYWORTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyrano[2,3-g]indole Chemical compound S1C=CC=C2C3=NC=CC3=CC=C21 ROUYSXBEYWORTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002537 thrombolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940104230 thymidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009772 tissue formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940042585 tocopherol acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001529453 unidentified herpesvirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000028394 ureteral disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000273 veterinary drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045860 white wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
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Description
R1およびR2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、H、OH、OR4、SR4、SOR4、SO2R4またはHalであり、R1およびR2は、かわりにともに−O−CH2−O−であってもよく、
R3は、A 1 、Hal、OH、OA1、NO2、NH2、NHA1、NA1A2、CN、COOH、COOA1、CONH2、CONHA1、CONA1A2、NHCOA1、NHSO2A1、NHCOOA1 、
R4は、A1、3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキル、4〜8個の炭素原子を有するアルキレンシクロアルキルまたは2〜8個の炭素原子を有するアルケニルであり、
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜5個のFおよび/またはCl原子またはOH−基で置換されていてもよい1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルであり、A1およびA2は、かわりにともに3〜7員環のシクロアルキルまたはシクロアルキレンであってもよく、ここで1または2以上のCH2基は、−S−、−O−、−NH−、−NA1−、−NCOA1−または−NCOOA1−で置き換えられてもよく、
Xは、HまたはHalであり、
Halは、F、Cl、BrまたはIであり、
および
Qは、1〜15個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたはアルケニルであり、ここで1〜5個の−CH2−基は、−O−、−S−、−SO2−、−CH(Hal)−、−C(Hal)2−、−CHA1−、−CA1A2−、−NH−または−NA1−により置換されていてもよい、
で表される化合物およびその塩およびその溶媒和物に関する。
類似化合物もまたDE 196 32 549 A1に記載されている。
本発明は、有用な特性、特に、医薬の製造に用いることのできる、新規化合物を見出すことを目的とする。
式Iの化合物およびその塩およびその溶媒和物は、良好な耐性を有するだけでなく、非常に有用な薬学的特性を有する。
cAMPは、骨分解細胞を阻害し、骨形成細胞を刺激するために(S. Kasugai et al.、M 681およびK. Miyamoto、M 682、Abstracts of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research、18回年会、1996)、本発明の化合物は、骨粗鬆症の治療に用いることができる。
さらに、化合物は、TNF(腫瘍壊死因子)の生成に対して、アンタゴニスト作用を有し、従って、アレルギー性および炎症性疾患、自己免疫疾患および移植拒絶反応の処置に適する。さらにそれらは、記憶障害、腫瘍、アテローム性動脈硬化、関節リウマチ、多発性硬化症、クローン病、アトピー性皮膚炎、糖尿病、潰瘍性大腸炎、悪液質、敗血症およびAIDSの処置および予防に用いることができる。
化合物は、悪液質の処置に用いることができる。抗悪液質作用は、悪液質のTNF-依存モデルで測定することができる(P. Costelli et al.、J. Clin. Invest. 95、2367ff. (1995);J.M. Argiles et al.、Med. Res. Rev. 17、477ff. (1997))。
従って、本発明は、さらに式Iの化合物および/または生理学的に許容できるその塩およびその溶媒和物の、腫瘍壊死因子(TNF)の過度の生成によってもたらされる病気および/またはTNFの生成が減少することによって影響され得る病気の処置および予防のための医薬の製造のための使用に関する。
それらはさらに記憶障害、アテローム性動脈硬化、アトピー性皮膚炎およびAIDSの治療に用いることができる。
喘息、炎症性疾患、糖尿病、アトピー性皮膚炎、乾癬、AIDS、悪液質、腫瘍増殖または腫瘍転移の処置に用いる場合のPDE IV阻害剤の作用は、例えば、EP 779 291に記載されている。
本発明は、また、式Iの化合物の心筋疾患の治療のための医薬の製造のための使用に関する。
上述の状況での特に臨床的問題は、PTCAによる最初に成功した再潅流行為後、ステント移植、血栓溶解または冠動脈バイパス移植術後ですら、再狭窄の進行である。
しかしながら、サイトカイン応答の主な役割は、TNF−αが果たし、炎症性およびアポトーシス誘発応答を一体化し、さらに心臓心筋に直接的に負のイオンチャネル型効果を有する(Ceconi C、Curello S、Bachetti T、Corti A、Ferrari R: Tumor necrosis factor in congestive heart failurere: a mechanism of disease for the new millennium? Prog.Cardiovasc.Dis. 1998 41: 25-30.
Mann DL: The effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on cardiac structure and function: a tale of two cytokines. J.Card.Fail. 1996 2: S165-S172.
Squadrito F、Altavilla D、Zingarelli B、et al: Tumor necrosis factor involvement in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1993 237: 223-230)。
式Iの好ましい化合物は、マクロファージおよびT細胞サイトカイン生成の有力なアンタゴニストである。それらはまた、T細胞の増殖を阻害する。その結果、PDE IV阻害は、それらの心筋疾患に有益な効果を有してもよく、結果的にサイトカイン生成および炎症性プロセスと結びつく。
本発明は、また式Iの化合物および/または生理学的に許容し得るその塩およびその溶媒和物のT細胞の過剰な増殖による病気および/またはT細胞の増殖の阻害によって影響を受ける病気の処置および予防のための医薬の製造における使用に関する。
いずれの種類、病因または病原の喘息;またはアトピー性喘息;非アトピー性喘息;アレルギー喘息;アトピー性、気管支、IgE媒介性喘息;気管支喘息;本態性喘息;真性喘息;病態生理学的障害によって引き起こされる内因性喘息;環境的な要因によって引き起こされる外因性喘息;知られていない原因または明らかでない原因の本態性喘息;非アトピー性喘息;気管支喘息;気腫性喘息;運動誘発性喘息;職業性喘息;細菌感染、真菌感染、原虫性感染、またはウィルス感染による感染性喘息;非アレルギー喘息;喘息の初期;呼吸困難な乳児症候群からなる群から選択される喘息;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の閉塞性または炎症性気道疾患;または喘息;塵肺;慢性好酸球性肺炎;慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD);慢性気管支炎、肺気腫またはそれに関連する呼吸困難を含むCOPD;不可逆的で、進行性の気道閉塞を特徴とするCOPD;成人呼吸窮迫症候群(ARDS)、および他の薬物治療の結果として起こる気道過敏性悪化からなる群から選択される閉塞性または炎症性気道疾患;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の塵肺;またはアルミニウム肺症またはボーキサイト労働者疾患;炭症または炭坑労働者喘息;石綿肺症またはスチームフィルター(steam-fifters' )喘息;石灰塵肺またはフリント疾患;ダチョウの羽のほこりを吸入することによって生じるプチロシス(ptilosis);鉄粒子の吸入によって生じる鉄沈着症;珪肺症またはグラインダーの疾患;綿肺症または綿ぼこり喘息;およびタルク塵肺;からなる群から選択される塵肺
いずれの種類、病因または病原の気管支拡張症;または円柱状気管支拡張症;嚢胞状気管支拡張症;紡錘状気管支拡張症;毛細血管気管支拡張症;嚢状気管支拡張症;乾性気管支拡張症;および濾胞性気管支拡張症からなる群から選択される気管支拡張症;
季節性アレルギー性鼻炎;または通年性アレルギー性鼻炎;またはいずれの種類、病因または病原の副鼻腔炎;または化膿性または非化膿性副鼻腔炎;急性または慢性副鼻腔炎;および篩骨、前額骨、上顎、または蝶形骨副鼻腔炎からなる群から選択される副鼻腔炎
通風、および炎症に関連する熱および痛み;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の好酸球関連障害;または好酸球増加;肺湿潤好酸球増加;Loffier's症候群;慢性好酸球性肺炎;熱帯性肺好酸球増加;気管支肺炎アスペルギルス症;アスペルギルス腫;好酸球を含有する肉芽腫;アレルギー性肉芽腫性血管炎またはチャーグストラウス症候群;結節性多発性動脈炎(PAN);および全身性壊死性血管炎からなる群から選択される好酸球関連障害;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の蕁麻疹;または免疫介在蕁麻疹;補体介在蕁麻疹;蕁麻疹誘発材料誘発蕁麻疹;物理的要因誘発蕁麻疹;ストレス誘発蕁麻疹;特発性蕁麻疹;急性蕁麻疹;慢性蕁麻疹;血管性水腫;コリン性蕁麻疹;常染色体優性形態または後天的形態の寒冷蕁麻疹;接触蕁麻疹;巨大蕁麻疹;および丘疹性蕁麻疹からなる群から選択される蕁麻疹;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の結膜炎;または照射性結膜炎;急性カタル性結膜炎;急性伝染性結膜炎;アレルギー性結膜炎;アトピー性結膜炎;慢性カタル性結膜炎;化膿性結膜炎;および春季カタルからなる群から選択される結膜炎;
いずれの種類、病因または病原のブドウ膜炎;またはブドウ膜のすべてまたは一部の炎症;前部ブドウ膜炎;虹彩炎;毛様体炎;虹彩毛様体炎;肉芽腫性ブドウ膜炎;非肉芽腫性ブドウ膜炎;水晶体抗原性ブドウ膜炎;後部ブドウ膜炎;脈絡膜炎;および脈絡網膜炎からなる群から選択されるブドウ膜炎;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の多発性硬化症;または原発性進行性多発性硬化症;および再発性軽減多発性硬化症からなる群から選択される多発性硬化症;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の自己免疫/炎症性疾患;または自己免疫血液障害;溶血性貧血;再生不良性貧血;真正赤血球貧血;特発性血小板減少性紫斑病;全身性紅斑性狼瘡;多発性軟骨炎;強皮症;ヴェーゲナー肉芽腫症;皮膚筋炎;慢性活性肝炎;重症筋無力症;スティーブンジョンソン症候群;特発性スプルー;自己免疫炎症性大腸炎;潰瘍性大腸炎;クローン病;内分泌性眼障害;グラーベ病;サルコイドーシス;歯槽骨炎;慢性過敏性肺炎;原発性胆汁性肝硬変;若年性糖尿病または糖尿病1型;前部ブドウ膜炎;肉芽腫性または後部ブドウ膜炎;乾性角結膜炎;流行性角結膜炎;びまん性間質肺線維症または間質肺線維症;特発性肺線維症;嚢胞性線維症;乾癬性関節炎;ネフローゼ症候群を有するまたは有さない糸球体腎炎;急性糸球体腎炎;特発性ネフローゼ症候群;微少変化腎症;炎症性/超増殖性皮膚病;乾癬;アトピー性皮膚炎;接触性皮膚炎;アレルギー性接触性皮膚炎;良性家族性天疱瘡;紅斑性天疱瘡;落葉状天疱瘡;および尋常性天疱瘡からなる群から選択される自己免疫/炎症性疾患
いずれの種類、病因または病原の炎症性大腸炎(IBD);または潰瘍性大腸炎(UC);コラーゲン蓄積大腸炎;ポリープ性大腸炎;全層性大腸炎;およびクローン病(CD)からなる群から選択される炎症性大腸炎;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の敗血性ショック;または腎不全;急性腎不全;悪液質;マラリア悪液質;下垂体性悪液質;尿毒性悪液質;心臓性悪液質;副腎悪液質またはアジソン病;癌性悪液質;およびヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)の感染の結果としての悪液質からなる群から選択される敗血性ショック;
肺高血圧;および低酸素誘導性肺高血圧;
骨粗鬆症;原発性骨粗鬆症;および続発性骨粗鬆症;
いずれの種類、病因または病原の炎中枢神経系障害;またはうつ病;パーキンソン病;学習および記憶障害;遅発性ジスキネジー;薬物依存;動脈硬化性痴呆;およびハンチントン舞踏病、ウィルソン病、振戦麻痺、および視床萎縮を伴う痴呆からなる群から選択される中枢神経系障害;
感染症、特に宿主でTNF−αの生産を増大するようなウィルスによる感染症または宿主でのTNF−αの増加に感受性を有するが、それらの複製または他の生命活動は逆に影響を受けるウィルスによる感染症であり、HIV−1、HIV−2、およびHIV−3からなる群から選択されるウィルスも含み;サイトメガロウィルス、CMV;インフルエンザ;アデノウィルス;およびヘルペスウィルス、帯状疱疹および単純ヘルペスも含む;
虚血-再潅流障害;自己免疫性糖尿病;網膜自己免疫;慢性リンパ性白血病;HIV感染症;紅斑性狼瘡;腎臓および尿管の病気;泌尿生殖器および胃腸の障害;および前立腺の病気
からなる病気、障害および状態の群から選択される1または2以上を治療または予防する際の薬剤を製造するための使用を提供する。
(1)関節の炎症、関節リウマチ、リウマチ様脊椎炎、変形性関節症、炎症性腸疾患、潰瘍性大腸炎、慢性糸球体腎炎、皮膚炎、およびクローン病を含む、炎症性疾患および炎症性の状態:
(2)喘息、急性呼吸窮迫症候群、慢性肺炎症性疾患、気管支炎、慢性閉塞性気道疾患、および珪肺症;を含む、呼吸器系疾患および状態:
(3)敗血症、敗血症性ショック、内毒素性ショック 、グラム陰性菌、敗血症、毒素性ショック症候群、細菌、ウイルス性または真菌性感染症、およびインフルエンザによる熱および筋肉痛;を含む、 感染性疾患および状態:
(4)自己免疫性糖尿病、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、移植片対宿主反応、同種移植の拒絶反応、多発性硬化症、乾癬、およびアレルギー性鼻炎;を含む、免疫疾患および状態:
および
(5)骨吸収疾患;再潅流障害;感染症または悪性腫瘍の2次的悪液質;ヒト後天性免疫不全症候群(AIDS)の2次的悪液質、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV) 感染症、またはエイズ関連症候群(ARC);ケロイド形成;瘢痕組織形成;タイプ 1 糖尿病;および白血病を含む、他の疾患および状態:
の治療に適する。
(a)ロイコトリエン生合成阻害剤、5-リポキシゲナーゼ(5-LO)阻害剤、およびジロートン;フェンロートン(fenleuton);テポキサリン(tepoxalin);アボット(Abbott)-79175;アボット-85761;N-(5-置換)-チオフェン-2-アルキルスルホンアミド;2,6-ジ-tert-ブチルフェノールヒドラゾン;
からなる群から選択される、5-リポキシゲナーゼ活性化タンパク(FLAP)アンタゴニスト;
(b)L-651,392を含む、フェノチアジン-3-オン化合物類;CGS-25019cを含む、アミジノ化合物類;オンタゾラスト(ontazolast)を含む、ベンゾオキサゾールアミン化合物類;BIIL 284/260を含む、ベンゼンカルボキシイミダミド(benzenecarboximidamide)化合物類;化合物ザフィルルカスト(zafirlukast)、アブルカスト(ablukast)、モンテルカスト(montelukast)、プランルカスト(pranlukast)、ベアールカスト(verlukast)(MK-679)、RG-12525、Ro-245913、イラルカスト(iralukast)(CGP 45715A)、およびBAY x 7195を含む化合物類;からなる群から選択されるロイコトリエンLTB4、LTC4、LTD4、およびLTE4の受容体アンタゴニスト
(c)PDE IV阻害剤;
(d)5-リポキシゲナーゼ(5-LO)阻害剤;または5-リポキシゲナーゼ活性化タンパク(FLAP)アンタゴニスト;
(e)二つの阻害剤5-リポキシゲナーゼ(5-LO)および血小板活性化因子(PAF)のアンタゴニスト;
(f)LTB4、LTC4、LTD4、LTE4のアンタゴニストを含むロイコトリエンアンタゴニスト(LTRAs);
(g)セチリジン、ロラタジン、デスロラタジン、フェキソフェナジン、アステミゾール、アゼラスチン、およびクロルフェニラミンを含む、抗ヒスタミンH受容体アンタゴニスト;
(h)胃腸保護H2受容体アンタゴニスト;
(j)5-リポキシゲナーゼ(5-LO)阻害剤と組み合わせたα1-およびα2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト;
(k)臭化イプラトロピウム;臭化チオトロピウム、臭化オキシトロピウム;ピレンゼピン;およびテレンゼピン(telenzepine)を含む、抗コリン剤;
(l)メタプロテレノール、イソプロテレノール、イソプレナリン、アルブテロール、サルブタモール、フォルモテロール、サルメテロール(salmeterol)、テルブタリン、オルシプレナリン、ビトルテロール(bitolterol)メシレートおよびピルブテロールからなる群から選択されるβ1-からβ2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト;
(m)テオフィリンおよびアミノフィリンを含む、メチルキサンタニン;
(n)クロモグリク酸ナトリウム;
(o)ムスカリン性受容体(M1、M2、およびM3)アンタゴニスト;
(p)COX−1阻害剤(NSAIDs);ロフェコキシブを含むCOX−2選択的阻害剤;および一酸化窒素NSAIDs;
(q)インスリン様増殖因子タイプI(IGF−1)ミメティクス;
(r)シクレソニド;
(s)プレドニゾン、プレドニゾロン、フルニソリド、トリアムシノロン・アセトニド、ジプロピオン酸ベクロメタゾン、ブデソニド、プロピオン酸フルチカゾン、およびフロン酸モメタゾンを含む、全身性副作用の減少した吸入グルココルチコイド;
(u)血小板活性化因子(PAF)アンタゴニスト;
(v)内因性炎症性実在物に対し活性を有するモノクローナル抗体;
(w)IPL 576;
(x)エタネルセプト、インフリキシマブ、およびD2E7を含む、抗腫瘍壊死因子(TNFα)剤;
(y)レフルノミドを含む、DMARDs;
(z)TCRペプチド;
(aa)インターロイキン転換酵素(ICE)阻害剤;
(bb)IMPDH阻害剤;
(cc)VLA−4アンタゴニストを含む接着分子阻害剤;
(dd)カテプシン;
(ee)MAPキナーゼ阻害剤;
(ff)グルコース6リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ阻害剤;
(gg)キニン-B1-およびB2-受容体アンタゴニスト;
(hh)種々の親水基を有するアウロチオ基の形態の金;
(ii)シクロスポリン、アザチオプリン、およびメトトレキサートなどの免疫抑制剤;
(jj)コルヒチンなどの抗通風剤;
(kk)アロプリノールなどのキサンチンオキシダーゼ阻害剤;
(ll)プロベネシド、スルフィンピラゾン、およびベンズブロマロンなどの尿酸排泄剤;
(mm)抗腫瘍薬、特にビンブラスチンおよびビンクリスチンなどのビンカアルカロイドを含む細胞分裂抑制薬;
(nn)成長ホルモン分泌促進薬;
(oo)ストロメリシン、コラゲナーゼ、ゲル化剤、アグリカナーゼ、特に、コラゲナーゼ-1(MMP-1)、コラゲナーゼ-2(MMP-8)、コラゲナーゼ-3(MMP-13)、ストロメリシン-1(MMP-3)、ストロメリシン-2(MMP-10)、およびストロメリシン-3(MMP-11)などのマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ(MMPs)阻害剤;
(qq)血小板由来増殖因子(PDGF);
(rr)塩基性線維芽細胞増殖因子(bFGF)などの線維芽細胞増殖因子;
(ss)顆粒球マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM−CSF);
(tt)カプサイシン;
(uu)NKP-608C;SB-233412(タルネタント(talnetant));およびD-4418からなる群から選択されるタキキニンNK1およびNK3受容体アンタゴニスト;
(vv)UT-77およびZD-0892からなる群から選択されるエラスターゼ阻害剤;および
(ww)アデノシンA2a受容体アゴニスト
からなる群から選択される1種または2種以上と組み合わせた式Iの好ましい化合物との組み合わせに関する。
(a)治療が必要な患者に化合物および治療薬を組み合わせた同時投与であり、そのような成分は、成分が実質的に同時に患者に放出される単一の剤型にともに処方される。;
(b)治療が必要な患者に化合物および治療薬を組み合わせた実質的な同時投与であり、そのような成分は、実質的に同時に患者に摂取される別々の剤型に互いに別に処方され、成分は、実質的に同時に患者に放出される。;
(d)治療が必要な患者に化合物および治療薬を組み合わせた順次投与であり、そのような成分は、成分が制御された方法で放出される単一の剤型に処方され、それらは、同時に、連続しておよび/または重ねて同時および/または異なる時に患者に摂取される。
(a)N-ヒドロキシウレア;N-アルキルヒドロキサミド酸(hydroxamid acid);セレナイト;ヒドロキシベンゾフラン;ヒドロキシルアミン;およびカテコールを含む、酸化還元活性剤;Ford- Hutchinson et al、"5-リポキシゲナーゼ" Ann. Rev. Biochem. 63、383-417、1994;WeitzelおよびWendel、"Selenoenzymes regulate the activity of leukocyte 5-lipoxygenase via the peroxide tone," J. Biol. Chem. 268、6288-92、1993;Bjornstedt et al. "Selenite incubated with NADPH and mammalian thioredoxin reductase yields selenide、which inhibits lipoxygenase and changes the electron spin resonance spectrum of the active site iron," Biochemistry 35、8511-6、1996;およびStewart et al.、"Structure-activity relationships of N-hydroxyurea 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors," J. Med. Chem. 40、1955-68、1997参照;
(c)5-リポキシゲナーゼ非酸化還元阻害剤として働くことができるチオピラノインドールおよびメトキシアルキルチアゾール構造に基づく、5-リポキシゲナーゼの競合的阻害剤。;Ford-Hutchinson et al.、Ibid.;およびHamel et al.、"Substituted (pyridylmethoxy) naphthalenes as potent and orally active 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors - synthesis、biological profile、and pharmacokinetics of L-739,01 0," J. Med. Chem. 40、2866-75、1997参照。
フェンロートン、アボット-79175、アボット-85761または上記それらの誘導体またはテポキサリンのいずれかを上述の好適化合物と組み合わせて本発明の態様を形成する。
さらにこれらの化合物の記載は、Beers et al.、"N-(5-substituted) thiophen-2-alkylsulfonamides as potent inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase," Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 5(4)、779-786、1997において見ることができる。
ここで、"Het"は、ベンゾオキサゾール-2-イル;ベンゾチアゾール-2-イル;ピリジン-2-イル;ピラジン-2-イル;ピリミジン-2-イル;4-フェニルピリミジン-2-イル;4,6-ジフェニルピリミジン-2-イル;4-メチルピリミジン-2-イル;4,6-ジメチルピリミジン-2-イル;4-ブチルピリミジン-2-イル;4,6-ジブチルピリミジン-2-イル;および4-メチル-6-フェニルピリミジン-2-イルである。
ゼネカZD-2138を含む、メトキシテトラヒドロピラン;または誘導化合物SB-210661およびそれを含む類;またはL-739,010を含む、一連のピリジニル-置換2-シアノナフタレン化合物またはL-746,530を含む、一連の2-シアノキノリン化合物;または上述の類のいずれかの上述の誘導体のいずれは、本発明の態様をなすために上述の好適化合物と組み合わせる。
上述のL-651,392を含む、フェノチアジン-3-オン化合物類;CGS-25019cを含む、アミジノ化合物類;オンタゾラストを含むベンゾキサオールアミン類;BIIL 284/260に代表されるベンゼンカルボキシミドアミド類;ザフィルルカストを含む、複素環アミド誘導体;アブルカストおよびモンテルカストおよびそれらを含む化合物類;または上述の類の上述の誘導体のいずれかは、本発明の態様をなすために、式Iの化合物と組み合わせる。
(b)5-リポキシゲナーゼ(5-LO)阻害剤;または5-リポキシゲナーゼ活性化タンパク(FLAP)アンタゴニスト;
(c)5-リポキシゲナーゼ(5-LO)のデュアル阻害剤および血小板活性化因子(PAF)のアンタゴニスト;
(d)LTB4、LTC4、LTD4、およびLTE4のアンタゴニストを含む、ロイコトリエンアンタゴニスト(LTRAs);
(e)セチリジン、ロラタジン、デスロラタジン、フェキソフェナジン、アステミゾール、アゼラスチン、およびクロルフェニラミンを含む、抗ヒスタミンH1受容体アンタゴニスト;
(f)胃腸保護H2 受容体アンタゴニスト;
(g)プロピルヘキセドリン、フェニレフリン、フェニルプロパノールアミン、プソイドエフェドリン、塩酸ナファゾリン、塩酸オキシメタゾリン、塩酸テトラヒドロゾリン、塩酸キシロメタゾリン、および塩酸エチルノルエピネフリンを含む、充血除去剤用途で経口または局所的投与のα1-およびα2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト血管収縮交感神経興奮剤;
(i)臭化イプラトロピウム;臭化チオトロピウム;臭化オキシトロピウム;ピレンゼピン;およびテレゼピン(telenzepine)を含む、抗コリン剤;
(j)メタプロテレノール、イソプロテレノール、イソプレナリン、アルブテロール、サルブタモール、フォルモテロール、サルメテロール(salmeterol)、テルブタリン、オルシプレナリン、オルシプレナリンメシレート(mesylate)、およびピルブテロールを含む、β1-〜β4-アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト;
(k)テオフィリンおよびアミノフィリン;
(l)クロモグリク酸ナトリウム;
(m)ムスカリン性受容体(M1、M2、およびM3)アンタゴニスト;
(n)COX−1阻害剤(NSAIDs);ロフェコキシブを含む、COX−2選択的阻害剤;および一酸化窒素NSAIDs;
(o)インスリン様増殖因子タイプI(IGF−1)ミメティクス;
(p)シクレソニド;
(r)トリプターゼ阻害剤;
(s)血小板活性化因子(PAF)アンタゴニスト;
(t)内因性炎症性実在物に対し活性のある、モノクローナル抗体;
(u)IPL 576;
(v)エタネルセプト、インフリキシマブ、およびD2E7を含む、抗腫瘍壊死因子(TNFa)剤;
(w)レフルノミドを含む、DMARDs;
(x)TCRペプチド;
(y)インターロイキン転換酵素(ICE)阻害剤;
(z)IMPDH阻害剤;
(bb)カテプシン;
(cc)MAPキナーゼ阻害剤;
(dd)グルコース6リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ阻害剤;
(ee)キニン-B1-およびB2-受容体アンタゴニスト;
(ff)種々の親水基を有する、アウロチオ基の形態の金;
(gg)免疫抑制剤、例えば、シクロスポリン、アザチオプリン、およびメトトレキサート;
(hh)抗-通風剤、例えば、コルヒチン;
(ii)キサンチンオキシダーゼ阻害剤、例えば、アロプリノール;
(jj)尿酸排泄剤、例えば、プロベネシド、スルフィンピラゾン、およびベンズブロマロン;
(kk)抗腫瘍薬、特に、ビンブラスチンおよびビンクリスチンなどのビンカアルカロイドを含む、細胞分裂抑制薬;
(mm)マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ (MMPs)阻害剤、すなわち、アグリカナーゼの他、ストロメリシン、コラゲナーゼ、およびゼラチナーゼ;特に、コラゲナーゼ-1(MMP-1)、コラゲナーゼ-2(MMP-8)、コラゲナーゼ-3(MMP-13)、ストロメリシン-1(MMP-3)、ストロメリシン-2(MMP-10)、およびストロメリシン-3(MMP-11);
(nn)形質転換成長因子(TGFβ);
(oo)血小板由来増殖因子(PDGF);
(pp)線維芽細胞増殖因子、例えば、塩基性線維芽細胞増殖因子(bFGF);
(qq)顆粒球マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM−CSF);
(rr)カプサイシン;
(ss)NKP-608C;SB-233412(talnetant);およびD-4418からなる群から選択される、タキキニンNK1およびNK3受容体アンタゴニスト;
(tt)UT-77およびZD-0892からなる群から選択される、エラスターゼ阻害剤;および
(uu)アデノシンA2a受容体アゴニスト
式Iの化合物およびそれらの塩は、心筋疾患の治療に良好な耐性を有する非常に価値ある薬理学的特性を兼ね備えている。
式Iの化合物は、ヒトおよび動物用薬の医薬活性成分として用いることができる。さらに、 医薬活性成分の中間体として用いることもできる。
R1およびR2は、上記定義したとおりである、
の化合物を式III
式中、
QおよびR3は、請求項1で定義したとおりであり、
Lは、Cl、Br、OHまたは反応性エステル化OH基である、
の化合物と反応させる、および/または式Iの塩基性化合物を酸で処理することによりその塩の1つに転化させることを特徴とする。
上述および以下に記載の基R1、R2、R3、R4、A1、A2、Hal、X、QおよびLは、他に記載の明示がない限り、式I、II、III、IVおよびVで定義したとおりである。
A1およびA2は、相互に独立して、好ましくは、アルキルであり、さらに好ましくは、1〜5個のフッ素および/または塩素原子で置換されたアルキルであり、さらに好ましくは、ともにその代わりとなるシクロアルキルである。
シクロアルキルは、好ましくは、3〜7の炭素原子を有し、好ましくは、シクロプロピルまたはシクロブチルであり、さらに好ましくは、シクロペンチルまたはシクロヘキシル、さらにまたシクロヘプチル、特に好ましくは、シクロペンチルである。
アルキレンは、好ましくは、非分枝であり、好ましくは、メチレンまたはエチレンであり、さらに好ましくは、プロピレンまたはブチレンである。
アルキレンシクロアルキルは、好ましくは、5〜10の炭素原子を有し、好ましくは、メチレンシクロプロピル、メチレンシクロブチル、さらに好ましくは、メチレンシクロペンチル、メチレンシクロヘキシルまたはメチレンシクロヘプチルであり、さらにはその代わりにエチレンシクロプロピル、エチレンシクロブチル、エチレンシクロペンチル、エチレンシクロヘキシルまたはエチレンシクロヘプチル、プロピレンシクロペンチル、プロピレンシクロヘキシル、ブチレンシクロペンチルまたはブチレンシクロヘキシルである。
基R1およびR2は、同一でも異なってもよく、ここで、R1は、R2に対しオルト-またはメタ-位であることができる。それらは、相互に独立して、例えば、ヒドロキシル、−S−CH3、−SO−CH3、−SO2CH3、F、Cl、BrまたはIであり、ともにメチレンジオキシである。しかしながら、それらは好ましくは、互いにメトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、シクロペントキシであるが、フルオロ-、ジフルオロ-またはトリフルオロメトキシまたは1-フルオロ-、2-フルオロ-、1,2-ジフルオロ-、2,2-ジフルオロ-、1,2,2-トリフルオロ- または2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシでもある。
R1は、特に好ましくは、メトキシ、エトキシ、シクロペントキシまたはイソプロポキシである。
R1は、特に好ましくは、R2に対し、オルト-位である。
R2は、特に好ましくは、メトキシまたはエトキシである。
式中、A3は、炭素原子1〜12のアルキルである。A3は、好ましくは、6、7、8、9、10、11または12個の炭素原子を有する、n-アルキルであり、特に7〜11個の炭素原子を有する、n-アルキルである。
Qは、好ましくは、1〜10個の炭素原子を有する、アルキレンであり、ここで1〜3個の−CH 2 −基は、−O−、−NH−または−NA1−で置き換えられてもよく、特にメチレン、エチレン、n-プロピレン、n-ブチレン、n-ペンチレン、n-ヘキシレンまたはn-ヘプチレン、および以下の基である。:
式中、A1は、上記定義のとおりである。
本発明を通し、すべての基は、1よりも多くが同一でも異なっていてもよく、すなわち、互いに独立している。
従って、本発明は、特に、基のうちの少なくとも1つが上記の好ましいものの1つを有する式Iの化合物に関する。化合物のいくらかの好適基は、以下の付属式Ia〜Ihで表されるものであってもよく、それは、式Iに適合し、ここで、基は式Iで示した意味を有し、詳細は示さないが、
Ibにおいて、R1およびR2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、OA1であり、
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたは3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであり、;
Icにおいて、R1およびR2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、OA1であり、
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたは3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであり、;
R3は、A1、F、Cl、ヒドロキシル、NH2、OA1、NO2、アルキルアミノ、シクロアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたは3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであり、;
R3は、A1、F、Cl、ヒドロキシル、NH2、OA1、NO2、アルキルアミノ、シクロアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、
Qは、炭素原子を1〜10個有するアルキレンであり、式中1〜3個の−CH 2 −基は、−O−によって置換されていてもよい;
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたは3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであり、;
R3は、NH2、NO2、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシ、ペントキシ、ヘキシルオキシまたはデシルオキシ、ClまたはF、ジメチルアミノ、ジエチルアミノ、メチルアミノ、エチルアミノ、
式中、A3は、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルであり、
Qは、炭素原子を1〜10個有するアルキレンであり、式中1〜3個の−CH 2 −基は、−O−によって置換されていてもよい;
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたは3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであり、;
R3は、NH2、NO2、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシ、ペントキシ、ヘキシルオキシまたはデシルオキシ、ClまたはF、ジメチルアミノ、ジエチルアミノ、メチルアミノ、エチルアミノ、
Qは、メチレン、エチレン、n-プロピレン、n-ブチレン、n-ペンチレン、n-ヘキシレンまたはn-ヘプチレンまたは以下の基である:
R2は、メトキシであり;
Ihにおいて、R1は、R2に対してオルト-位のエトキシであり、;
R2は、メトキシであり;
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたは3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであり、;
R3は、A1、F、Cl、ヒドロキシル、NH2、OA1、NO2、アルキルアミノ、シクロアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、
Qは、炭素原子を1〜10個有するアルキレンであり、式中1〜3個の−CH 2 −基は、−O−によって置換されていてもよい;
Iiにおいて、R1は、R2に対してオルト-位のシクロペンチルオキシであり、
R2は、メトキシであり;
Ijにおいて、R1は、R2に対してオルト-位のシクロペンチルオキシであり、
R2は、メトキシであり;
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたは3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであり、;
Qは、炭素原子を1〜10個有するアルキレンであり、式中1〜3個の−CH 2 −基は、−O−によって置換されていてもよい;
所望であれば、出発材料は、反応混合物から単離することなくそのまま形成することもできるが、その代わりに直ちにさらに式Iの化合物へと転化する。
一方で、反応を段階的に行うこともできる。
式IIおよびIIIの出発材料のいくらかは知られている。知られていない場合は、それ自体既知の方法によって得ることができる。
詳細には、式IIの化合物と式IIIの化合物との反応は、溶剤の存在下または無存在下で、好ましくは、不活性溶媒であり、約−20〜約150°、好ましくは、20〜100°の温度で行う。
式IIIの化合物において、基−CO−Lは、予め活性化されたカルボン酸であり、好ましくは、カルボン酸ハロゲン化物である。
式IVの化合物と式Vの化合物との反応は、式IIの化合物と式IIIの化合物との反応で記載した反応時間、温度および溶媒に関して同じ条件で行う。
プロドラッグ誘導体なる用語は、例えば、本発明の効果的な化合物を得るためにアルキルまたはアシル基、糖またはオリゴペプチドで修飾され、生体内で速やかに開裂する、式Iの化合物を意味する。
これらは、また、例えば、Int. J. Pharm. 115、61-67 (1995)に記載されている本発明の化合物の生分解性ポリマー誘導体を含む。
特に好ましくは、これらは、立体異性化合物の混合物である。
本発明は、医薬としての式Iの化合物および生理学的に許容できるその塩およびその溶媒和物に関する。
本発明は、またホスホジエステラーゼIV阻害剤としての式Iの化合物および生理学的に許容できるその塩およびその溶媒和物に関する。
本発明は、さらに少なくとも1種の式Iの化合物および/または生理学的に許容し得るその塩および/または溶媒和物を含む、医薬製剤に関する。
PDE IVの阻害は、例えば、C.W. Davis in Biochim. Biophys. Acta 797、354-362 (1984)と同様に示すことができる。
本発明の化合物のホスホジエステラーゼIVの親和性は、そのIC50値(酵素活性の阻害の50%を達成するのに要求される阻害剤の濃度)を決めることにより、測定する。
好ましくは、本発明は、上述の化合物の炎症性および免疫的特性を示す心筋疾患の治療のための医薬の製造のための使用を提供する。
さらに、本発明は、上述の化合物の異なる重症度の梗塞または鬱血性心不全(NYHAクラスI〜IVによる)後の心室の再構築の処置のための医薬の製造のための使用を提供する。
酸性化剤およびアルカリ化剤は、所望または予め決めたpHを得るために添加し、例えば、酢酸、氷酢酸、リンゴ酸、およびプロピオン酸の酸性化剤を含む。塩酸、硝酸および硫酸などの強酸を用いることができるが、あまり好ましくない。アルカリ化剤は、例えば、エデトール(edetol)、炭酸カリウム、水酸化カリウム、ホウ酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、および水酸化ナトリウムを含む。ジエタノールアミンおよびトロラミンなどの活性アミン基を含むアルカリ化剤を用いることもまたできる。
保存剤は、好ましくは、全組成物の重量に対して、約0.01%〜約2.0%の範囲の量で用いる。
1-ドデシルアザシクロヘプタン-2-オン、およびジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO);保存剤、例えば、塩化ベンズアルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム、p-ヒドロキシ安息香酸のアルキルエステル、ヒダントイン誘導体、塩化セチルピリジニウム、プロピルパラベン、安息香酸カリウムなどの4級アンモニウム化合物、およびチメロサール;シクロデキストリンを含む金属イオン封鎖剤;溶媒、例えば、アセトン、アルコール、アミレン水和物、ブチルアルコール、とうもろこし油、綿実油、酢酸エチル、グリセリン、ヘキシレングリコール、イソプロピルアルコール、イソステアリルアルコール、メチルアルコール、塩化メチレン、鉱物油、落花生油、リン酸、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリオキシプロピレン15ステアリルエーテル、プロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコール2酢酸塩、胡麻油、および純水;安定剤、例えば、糖酸カルシウムおよびチモール;界面活性剤、例えば、塩化ラピリウム(lapyrium);ラウレス4、すなわち、α-ドデシル-ω-ヒドロキシ-ポリ(オキシ-1,2-エタンジイル)またはポリエチレングリコールモノドデシルエーテルが含まれる。
本発明の薬学的組成物を局所的適用する場合、浸透促進剤を用いることができ、例えば、ジメチルイソソルビド、ジエチル-グリコール-モノエチルエーテル、1-ドデシルアザシクロヘプタン-2-オン、およびジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)が含まれる。そのような組成物は、典型的には、軟膏基材、例えば、ペトロラタム、ポリエチレングリコール、ラノリン、およびポリオキシエチレンおよびポリオキシプロピレンのブロックコポリマーであり、界面活性剤または乳化剤としても働くことができるポロキサマーを含む。
硬化剤は、所望の粘性および作業性を得るために局所適用の処方に典型的には用いられ、例えば、セチルエステルワックス、ミリスチルアルコール、パラフィン、合成パラフィン、乳化ワックス、微結晶性ワックス、白ワックスおよび黄ワックスが含まれる。
すなわち、ソルビタン、トリオクタデカノエート、ポリ(オキシ-1,2-エタンジイル);ポリソルベート80、すなわち、ソルビタン、モノ-9-モノデセノエート、ポリ(オキシ-1,2-エタンジイル);ポリソルベート85、すなわち、ソルビタン、トリ-9-オクタデセノエート、ポリ(オキシ-1,2-エタンジイル);ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム;ソルビタンモノラウレート;ソルビタンモノオレエート;ソルビタンモノパルミテート;ソルビタンモノステアレート;ソルビタンセスキオレート;ソルビタントリオレエート;およびソルビタントリステアレートが含まれる。
下部消化管のための局所適用は、上述の直腸坐剤または適する浣腸剤としてもたらすことができる。局所的に活性な経皮貼布もまた用いることができる。
によって運搬される。
を含む。
ことによって運搬される。眼科的用途のために、薬学的組成物は、塩化ベンジルアルコニウムなどの保存剤を有するまたは有さない、等張のpH調整した滅菌生理的食塩水中の微粉化した懸濁液として処方することができ、または好ましくは、等張のpH調整した滅菌生理的食塩水の溶液として処方することができる。代わりに、眼科的用途のために、薬学的組成物は、ペトロラタムなどの軟膏に処方することができる。
患者の体中には、適切に処方した薬学的組成物がいったん注射または点滴がされると、治療する患者の全身およびあらゆる器官へ浸透する、多くの部位および器官がある。注射は、通常シリンジにより関連する組織へ、強いられる薬学的組成物の一回投与量である。もっとも一般的な注射の種類は、筋肉内、静脈内、および皮下である。逆に、点滴は、薬学的組成物の関連する組織へゆっくり導入される。最も一般的な点滴は、静脈内である。他の種類の注射または点滴は、動脈内、経皮内または経皮(皮下を含む)、または髄腔内特に髄膜下を含む。これらの液体薬学的組成物において、活性成分は、溶質として溶液中に含まれていてもよい。これがもっとも一般的であり、そのような組成物の最も好ましい種類であるが、適度に良好な水溶性を有する塩形態の活性成分であることが要求される。水(または生理的食塩水)はそのような組成物には、はるかに最も好ましい溶媒である。しばしば、懸濁液を用いることもできるが、これらには、毎日を基本とする使用には実用的でないといった安定性の問題が存在する。
活性成分が、水溶性に限定される場合、適する薬学的に許容し得る懸濁化剤を用いて製造される懸濁液中のコロイドまたは微粒子形態の浮遊した固体として投与することもできる。活性成分を含む懸濁した固体もまた遅れた、維持されたおよび/または制御された放出組成物として処方することもできる。
固体の全身性投与は、適する固体形態で活性成分を含む薬学的組成物の注入、吸入または通気によって行われる。活性成分の注入は固体インプラント組成物を適する体組織または部位へ取り付けを伴うものである。インプラントは、固体活性成分の粒子が分散またはできれば小球または液体活性成分の分離された細胞が取り込まれる、生体適合性および生体侵食性材料のマトリックスを含むことができる。望ましくは、マトリックスは、壊され、完全に体に吸収される。マトリックスの組成物は、また好ましくは、活性成分の制御され、維持されおよび/または遅れた拡大された時間、数ヶ月にわたっての放出を提供するように選択される。
(a)あらゆる比率でその混合物を含む有効量の式Iの化合物および/またはその薬学的に有用な誘導体、溶媒和物および立体異性体および
(b)有効量のさらなる医薬活性成分
がそれぞれ詰められたセット(キット)に関する。
例I:式Iの化合物のT細胞増殖への効果
末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を健常な提供者の血液からLymphoprep勾配法により単離する。96穴平底マイクロタイタープレート中に5%熱不活化ヒト血清(AB プール)および10%CO2を含むRPMI1640培地中で 5日間37°Cで200000PBMC/穴を培養する。PBMC生成中のT細胞は、CD3に対するモノクローナル抗体で選択的に刺激される。培養は、何ら処理されないコントロール群も含めて3回行う。
式Iの化合物を、DMSO中に10−2M溶解し、培地中で希釈する。コントロール培地は、阻害剤濃度と同量のDMSOで処理する。分析終了18時間前、3H−チミジンを培養物に添加する。細胞への放射能の取り込みをベータカウンター(beta-counter)で測定する。
少なくとも3回の独立した実験結果を阻害剤を有さないコントロール(mean ±SEM)に対する阻害の割合として算出する。この結果からIC−50値が決まる。
結果:
式Iの化合物は、T細胞増殖の顕著な減少を与える。
末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を健常な提供者の血液からLymphoprep勾配法により単離する。96穴平底マイクロタイタープレート中に5%熱不活化ヒト血清(AB プール)および10%CO2を含むRPMI1640培地中で37°Cで200000PBMC/穴を培養する。PBMC生成中のT細胞は、CD3に対するモノクローナル抗体で選択的に刺激される。培養は、何ら処理されないコントロール群も含めて3回行う。
式Iの化合物の溶液を、DMSO中に10−2M中に生成し、培地中で希釈する。コントロール培地は、阻害剤濃度と同量のDMSOの濃度で処理する。
3つの独立した実験の培養上澄みを集め、上澄み中のサイトカイン活性を市場で入手できるELISAテストキットで測定する。
結果は、阻害/化合物なしのコントロールの刺激の割合として算出され、刺激した場合のそのIC50値またはEC50値で決定される。
結果
式Iの化合物は、IL−2、IFN−γ、TNF−αおよびIL−12の放出に顕著な減少を与える。しかしながら免疫抑制剤サイトカインIL−10は、刺激される。
式Iの化合物をラットの左冠動脈の可逆的閉塞前に 1、3、および10mg/kg、1時間腹膜内に投与することにより、梗塞の大きさの投与量依存の著しい減少がもたらされた。この予防に対応して、ELISAによる測定によって血清TNF−α値の減少が見られる。
30分の冠動脈の閉塞(左冠動脈の回旋枝の側枝)し120分の再潅流を受けた麻酔したウサギへのPDE IV阻害による心臓保護効果が見られる。冠動脈閉塞前に用いる式Iの化合物は、プラセボ処置のものと比較して梗塞の大きさが減少する。危険領域は、ヴェルム(verum)およびプラセボ群とで比較することができる。心臓保護効果は、心拍数および平均大動脈圧が実験プロトコールを通じて一定であるために、好ましい血行動態効果の原因とすることはできない。
発熱状態が弱まったとき、THF2l中の250.00gの10を攪拌および0〜5°Cに氷冷しながら滴下添加する。混合物を18時間室温で攪拌し、100mlの水を攪拌および冷却しながら添加する。加水分解が完了すると、500gの炭酸ナトリウム10水塩溶液および200mlの水を80°Cで急速に流す。簡単な攪拌の後、浴を吸引ろ過し、従来の精製を行い、11を得た。(m.p:101−103°C)
例A:注射器
3lの純水中の100gの式Iの活性成分および5gのリン酸水素二ナトリウムを、2N塩酸を用いて、pH6.5に調整し、滅菌ろ過し、注射器に移し、滅菌状態下で凍結乾燥し、滅菌状態で密封する。それぞれの注射器は、5mgの活性成分を含む。
例B:坐剤
20gの式Iの化合物の混合物を100gの大豆レシチンおよび1400gのカカオバターとともに溶解し、型に注ぎ、冷却する。それぞれの坐剤は、20mgの活性成分を含む。
940mlの純水中の1gの式Iの活性成分、9.38gのNaH2PO4・2H2O、28.48gのNa2HPO4・12H2Oおよび0.1gの塩化ベンズアルコニウムから製造する。pHを6.8に調整し、溶液を1lとし、照射滅菌する。この溶液を点眼液の形態で用いることができる。
例D:軟膏
500mgの式Iの活性成分を99.5gの無菌状態下のワセリンと混合する。
1kgの式Iの活性成分、4kgのラクトース、1.2kgのじゃが芋澱粉、0.2kgのタルクおよび0.1kgのステアリン酸マグネシウムを従来の方法で加圧し、それぞれの錠剤が10mgの活性成分を含む、錠剤を得る。
例F:被覆錠剤
錠剤を例Eと同様に加圧し、スクロース、じゃが芋澱粉、タルク、トラガカンタおよび顔料を被覆する従来の方法で被覆する。
2kgの式Iの活性成分を従来の方法によってそれぞれのカプセルが20mgの活性成分を含む固いゼラチンカプセルへ導入する。
例H:アンプル
純水60l中の1kgの式Iの活性成分を滅菌ろ過し、アンプルに移し、滅菌条件下で凍結乾燥し、滅菌条件下で密封する。それぞれのアンプルは、10mgの活性成分を含む。
14gの式Iの活性成分を10lの等張NaCl溶液に溶解し、溶液を商業的に入手できる容器へポンプを用いて移す。溶液は、口および鼻へスプレーすることができる。1回のスプレー噴射(約0.1ml)は、約0.14mgの投与量に相当する。
Claims (10)
- 式I
R1およびR2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、H、OH、OR4、SR4、SOR4、SO2R4またはHalであり、R1およびR2は、かわりにともに−O−CH2−O−であってもよく、
R3は、A1、Hal、OH、OA1、NO2、NH2、NHA1、NA1A2、CN、COOH、COOA1、CONH2、CONHA1、CONA1A2、NHCOA1、NHSO2A1、NHCOOA1、
R4は、A1、3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキル、4〜8個の炭素原子を有するアルキレンシクロアルキルまたは2〜8個の炭素原子を有するアルケニルであり、
A1およびA2は、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜5個のFおよび/またはCl原子またはOH−基で置換されていてもよい1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキルであり、A1およびA2は、かわりにともに3〜7員環のシクロアルキルまたはシクロアルキレンであってもよく、ここで1または2以上のCH2基は、−S−、−O−、−NH−、−NA1−、−NCOA1−または−NCOOA1−で置き換えられてもよく、
Xは、HまたはHalであり、
Halは、F、Cl、BrまたはIであり、
および
Qは、1〜15個の炭素原子を有するアルキレンまたはアルケニレンであり、ここで1〜5個の−CH2−基は、−O−、−S−、−SO2−、−CH(Hal)−、−C(Hal)2−、−CHA1−、−CA1A2−、−NH−または−NA1−により置換されていてもよい、
で表される化合物またはその塩もしくはその溶媒和物。 - R1およびR2が、それぞれ相互に独立して、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、シクロペントキシ、フルオロ-、ジフルオロ-またはトリフルオロメトキシ、または1-フルオロ-、2-フルオロ-、1,2-ジフルオロ-、2,2-ジフルオロ-、1,2,2-トリフルオロ-または2,2,2-トリフルオロエトキシであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の式Iの化合物。
- A1およびA2が、それぞれ相互に独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有するアルキル、1〜5個のフッ素原子および/または塩素原子で置換された1〜10個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたはかわりにともに3〜7個の炭素原子を有するシクロアルキルであることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の式Iの化合物。
- Qが、1〜10個の炭素原子を有するアルキレンであり、ここで1〜3個の−CH2−基が、−O−、−NH−または−NA1−で置換されていてもよく、A1が請求項1で定義されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の式Iの化合物。
- 請求項1の式Iの化合物、その塩、または、その溶媒和物の製造方法であって、式II
R1およびR2は、請求項1で定義される、
で表される化合物を式III
R3およびQは、請求項1で定義され、
Lは、Cl、Br、OHまたは反応性エステル化OH基である、
で表される化合物と反応させるか、または式IV
X、R1およびR2は、請求項1で定義されたものである、
で表される化合物を式V
L−Q−R3 V
式中、
QおよびR3は、請求項1で定義されたものであり、
Lは、Cl、Br、OHまたは反応性エステル化OH基である、
で表される化合物と反応させ、
生成する化合物が塩基性の化合物である場合には必要に応じ当該化合物をさらに酸を用いて処理することによってその塩へと変化させる
ことを特徴とする、前記製造方法。 - ホスホジエステラーゼIV阻害剤としての請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の式Iの化合物、生理学的に許容し得るその塩、または、その溶媒和物。
- (a)全体の比率中にその混合物を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の式Iの化合物および/またはその薬学上使用可能な溶媒和物および立体異性体の有効量、および
(b)さらに薬理活性成分の有効量
がそれぞれ別々の包装からなるセット(キット)。
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US11116737B1 (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2021-09-14 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Methods of using probenecid for treatment of coronavirus infections |
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BR9306661A (pt) * | 1992-07-01 | 1998-12-08 | Ortho Pharma Corp | 1-arilsulfonil arilcarbonil E 1-arilfosfonil-3-fenil 1,4,5,6-tetra-hidropidazinas |
DE69433594T2 (de) | 1993-12-22 | 2004-08-05 | Celltech R&D Ltd., Slough | Trisubstituierte phenyl-derivate, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung als phosphodiesterase (typ iv) hemmstoffe |
US5786354A (en) | 1994-06-21 | 1998-07-28 | Celltech Therapeutics, Limited | Tri-substituted phenyl derivatives and processes for their preparation |
GB9412672D0 (en) | 1994-06-23 | 1994-08-10 | Celltech Ltd | Chemical compounds |
DE19514568A1 (de) * | 1995-04-20 | 1996-10-24 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Arylalkyl-pyridazinone |
DE19533975A1 (de) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-20 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Arylalkyl-diazinone |
GB9525262D0 (en) | 1995-12-11 | 1996-02-07 | Bayer Ag | Heterocyclylcarbonyl substituted benzofuranyl-ureas |
DE19632549A1 (de) | 1996-08-13 | 1998-02-19 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Arylalkanoylpyridazine |
DE19826841A1 (de) * | 1998-06-16 | 1999-12-23 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Arylalkanoylpyridazine |
DE19850701A1 (de) * | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Benzoylpyridazine |
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SK8662003A3 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
ES2349622T3 (es) | 2011-01-07 |
NO20032862D0 (no) | 2003-06-20 |
BR0116304A (pt) | 2003-09-30 |
CN1483026A (zh) | 2004-03-17 |
AR032010A1 (es) | 2003-10-22 |
EP1343769A1 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
MXPA03005494A (es) | 2003-10-06 |
PL364229A1 (en) | 2004-12-13 |
DE60142749D1 (de) | 2010-09-16 |
DE10064997A1 (de) | 2002-06-27 |
KR20030065564A (ko) | 2003-08-06 |
ZA200305661B (en) | 2004-10-22 |
ATE476423T1 (de) | 2010-08-15 |
EP1343769B1 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
WO2002051814A1 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
JP2004519450A (ja) | 2004-07-02 |
CA2432568C (en) | 2011-08-09 |
CA2432568A1 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
RU2003122188A (ru) | 2005-02-27 |
CZ20031860A3 (cs) | 2003-10-15 |
US7312328B2 (en) | 2007-12-25 |
NO20032862L (no) | 2003-06-20 |
US20040067954A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
HUP0302562A2 (hu) | 2003-11-28 |
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