JP5110473B2 - Elevated ceiling ventilation structure - Google Patents
Elevated ceiling ventilation structure Download PDFInfo
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- JP5110473B2 JP5110473B2 JP2008134039A JP2008134039A JP5110473B2 JP 5110473 B2 JP5110473 B2 JP 5110473B2 JP 2008134039 A JP2008134039 A JP 2008134039A JP 2008134039 A JP2008134039 A JP 2008134039A JP 5110473 B2 JP5110473 B2 JP 5110473B2
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Description
本発明は、軒天井の換気構造に関り、少なくとも屋根の下地の下側と破風板の背面側と板状に成形された軒天材の上側とにより形成された軒天井空間を換気する軒天井の換気構造に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an eaves ceiling ventilation structure, and eaves that ventilate an eaves ceiling space formed by at least a lower side of a base of a roof, a back side of a windbreak plate, and an upper side of an eaves ceiling member formed into a plate shape. It relates to the ventilation structure of the ceiling.
従来、軒天井空間を閉塞する軒天材は、該軒天上空間を換気するために、多数の円形状の開口が散点状に形成されているもの、又は長方形状の開口が多数並列した状態で形成されたものが提案されている（特許文献１参照）。また、こうした軒天材を構成要素とした軒天井空間の換気構造としては、軒天材の先端と他の部材との間に換気用の空間を形成したもの（特許文献２参照）や、一方の化粧モールと軒天材の一側との間及び他方の化粧モールと軒天材の他側との間に換気用の空間をそれぞれ形成したもの（特許文献３参照）が開示されている。
しかしながら、上記特許文献１に開示された多数の円形状の開口が散点状に形成された軒天材も、長方形状の開口が多数並列した状態で形成された軒天材も、それぞれ製造するためには上記開口を形成しなければならず、製造コストが上昇するばかりか、軒に施工した場合には、上記各開口が下側から視認できることから建物の外観を損なう。他方、特許文献２に開示された軒天井の換気構造では、軒天材に開口を形成していない点においては、その製造コストを低減できるメリットは有するものの、軒の下側から換気用の開口が視認されてしまい、建物の外観を損なう点においては、上記特許文献１が有する課題と共通した課題を有する。これに対して、上記特許文献３に開示された軒天井の換気構造では、こうした課題は解消されているが、軒天材の固定構造が複雑となり、（特許文献３には明確に開示されていないが、仮に）横材に固定された野縁に固定されている構造である場合には、極めて複雑な施工構造とならざるを得ず、部材のコストが上昇するとともに、建物の建設工期の長期化を招く。 However, the eaves top material in which a large number of circular openings disclosed in Patent Document 1 are formed in a dotted shape and the eaves top material formed in a state in which a large number of rectangular openings are arranged in parallel are manufactured. For this purpose, the openings must be formed, which not only increases the manufacturing cost but also impairs the appearance of the building because the openings can be seen from the lower side when installed in an eaves. On the other hand, the eaves ceiling ventilation structure disclosed in Patent Document 2 has the merit that the manufacturing cost can be reduced in that the opening is not formed in the eaves ceiling material, but the ventilation opening from the lower side of the eaves. However, in the point which damages the external appearance of a building, it has the subject common to the subject which the said patent document 1 has. On the other hand, the eaves ceiling ventilation structure disclosed in Patent Document 3 has solved such problems, but the structure for fixing the eaves ceiling material is complicated, and is clearly disclosed in Patent Document 3 (Patent Document 3). However, if the structure is fixed to the edge fixed to the cross member, it must be a very complicated construction structure, which increases the cost of components and the construction period of the building. Incurs longer time.
そこで、本発明は、上述した従来の軒天材や、軒天材を構成要素とする軒天井の換気構造が有する課題を解決するために提案されたものであって、軒天材の製造コストを抑制することができ、建物の外観も向上させることができるとともに、特別の部材を使用することがなく工期の短縮化にも十分貢献することができる新規な軒天井の換気構造を提供することを目的とするものである。 Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in order to solve the problems of the above-described conventional eave ceiling materials and eave ceiling ventilation structures including eave ceiling materials as constituent elements, and the manufacturing cost of eave ceiling materials. To provide a new eaves ceiling ventilation structure that can improve the appearance of the building and can contribute to shortening the construction period without using special members. It is intended.
上述した目的を達成するため、第１の発明（請求項１記載の発明）に係る軒天井の換気構造は、少なくとも屋根の下地の下側と破風板の背面側と板状に成形された軒天材の上側とにより形成された軒天井空間を換気する軒天井の換気構造であって、上記軒天材は、軒先側中途部に上記破風板の長さ方向と同じ方向に長さを有する細長い単一の換気用開口又は該破風板の長さ方向と同じ方向の一列に並んだ複数の換気用開口と、該軒天材の先端から上記換気用開口に至る破風板固定部とが形成され、この軒天材は、上記破風板固定部の上面が上記破風板の下面に固定された状態で上記軒天井空間を下側から閉塞してなり、上記破風板の正面には破風板金が固定され、この破風板金の下端側は、上記換気用開口の下方まで延設されてなるとともに、上記軒天材には、該軒天材の破風板側端部から前記換気用開口の長さ方向と直交する方向に単一又は複数の補強板が固定されてなることを特徴とするものである。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the eaves ceiling ventilation structure according to the first invention (the invention according to claim 1) includes at least an underside of a roof base, a back side of a windbreak plate, and a plate shaped eaves. An eaves ceiling ventilation structure for ventilating an eaves ceiling space formed by an upper side of the top material, wherein the eaves top material has a length in the same direction as the length direction of the windbreak plate in a middle part of the eaves side A single elongated ventilation opening or a plurality of ventilation openings arranged in a line in the same direction as the length direction of the windbreak plate, and a windbreak plate fixing portion extending from the front end of the eaves material to the ventilation opening are formed. is, this Nokitenzai is the gable plate Ri upper surface of the fixed part name to close the eaves ceiling space from below in a state of being fixed to the lower surface of the gable plates, gables in front of the gable plate sheet metal There are fixed, the lower end side of the gables sheet metal, it becomes extends to below the ventilation opening The aforementioned eaves ceiling material, characterized in by comprising a single or a plurality of reinforcing plates are fixed from the gable plate side end portion of the該軒top member in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ventilation opening is there.
この第１の発明では、軒天材には、細長い単一の換気用開口又は一列に並んだ複数の換気用開口が形成されていることから、従来の多数の円形状の開口が散点状に形成された軒天材や、長方形状の開口が多数並列した状態で形成された軒天材に対して軒天材の製造コストを抑制することができる。また、破風板の正面には破風板金が固定され、この破風板金の下端側は、上記換気用開口の下方まで延設されてなることから、該換気用開口が軒の下側から視認されることはなく、建物の外観を向上させることができる。さらに、この発明では、上述したように、換気用開口は、軒天材そのものに予め形成されており、該軒天材の施工時において野縁等の他の部材との間隔を開けて施工するものではないことから、施工の手間を省くことができ、工期の短縮化に十分貢献できるとともに、野縁等の他の部材との関係で換気用開口を設けるものではなく、これまでも使用されている破風板の下面に破風板固定部の上面を固定する構造としていることから、使用する建築材料のコストの増加を招くことが無い。なお、軒天材の設置姿勢は特に限定されるものではなく、野地板と平行であっても水平であってもよい。また、軒天材の素材は特に限定されるものではなく、木版、合板、樹脂板、金属板、セメント系化合物、石膏ボード等を使用することができる。また、この発明では、上記軒天材の換気用開口の長さ方向と直交する方向が補強板により補強されていることから、軒天材の素材を石膏ボードなどの耐火性には優れているが脆性の不燃材を使用することが可能となるとともに、施工時において誤って割ったりヒビ割れを生じたりする危険性を防止することができ、それに伴う工期の長期化を防止でき、さらには耐久性が向上された軒天井の施工構造とすることができる。 In the first aspect of the invention, the eaves material is formed with a single elongated ventilation opening or a plurality of ventilation openings arranged in a row, so that a number of conventional circular openings are scattered. The manufacturing cost of the eave ceiling material can be suppressed with respect to the eave ceiling material formed in the state or the eave ceiling material formed in a state where a large number of rectangular openings are arranged in parallel. Further, a windbreak sheet metal is fixed to the front surface of the windbreak plate, and the lower end side of the windbreak sheet metal extends to the lower side of the ventilation opening, so that the ventilation opening is visually recognized from the lower side of the eaves. There is nothing, and the appearance of the building can be improved. Further, in the present invention, as described above, the ventilation opening is formed in advance on the eaves ceiling material itself, and is constructed with a gap with other members such as a field edge at the time of construction of the eave ceiling material. Because it is not a thing, it can save the labor of construction, can contribute to shortening the construction period sufficiently, and does not provide a ventilation opening in relation to other members such as the field edge, it has been used so far Since it has the structure which fixes the upper surface of the windbreak plate fixing | fixed part to the lower surface of the windbreak plate which is being used, it does not cause the increase in the cost of the building material to be used. In addition, the installation attitude | position of the eaves ceiling material is not specifically limited, It may be parallel or horizontal with a field board. Moreover, the raw material of the eaves material is not particularly limited, and wood plates, plywood, resin plates, metal plates, cementitious compounds, gypsum boards, and the like can be used. Moreover, in this invention, since the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the ventilation opening of the eave roof material is reinforced by the reinforcing plate, the eave roof material is excellent in fire resistance such as a gypsum board. It is possible to use brittle non-combustible materials, prevent the risk of accidental cracking and cracking during construction, prevent the construction period from being prolonged, and further improve durability. The construction structure of the eaves ceiling can be improved.
また、第２の発明（請求項２記載の発明）は、上記第１の発明において、前記軒天材に形成された換気用開口の前記破風板の長さ方向と直交して互いに対向する内壁面の少なくとも一方の内壁面には、火災の際に膨張する膨張材が配置されてなることを特徴とするものである。 Further, a second invention (invention according to claim 2) is the invention according to the first invention, wherein the ventilation openings formed in the eaves material are opposed to each other perpendicular to the length direction of the windbreak plate. An expansion material that expands in the event of a fire is disposed on at least one inner wall surface of the wall surface.
この第２の発明では、軒天材の換気用開口に予め膨張材を配置しておき、その軒天材を建物に施工することが可能となり、建築現場において、前記膨張材を施工する手間を省略することができるので、さらに工期の短縮に貢献することができる。 In this 2nd invention, it becomes possible to arrange an expansion material beforehand in the opening for ventilation of the eaves ceiling material, and it becomes possible to construct the eaves ceiling material in a building. Since it can be omitted, the construction period can be further shortened.
上記第１の発明（請求項１記載の発明）では、軒天材には、細長い単一の換気用開口又一列に並んだ複数の換気用開口が形成されていることから、従来の多数の円形状の開口が散点状に形成された軒天材や、長方形状の開口が多数並列した状態で形成された軒天材に対して軒天材の製造コストを抑制することができる。また、破風板の正面には破風板金が固定され、この破風板金の下端側は、上記換気用開口の下方まで延設されてなることから、該換気用開口が軒の下側から視認されることはなく、建物の外観を向上させることができる。さらに、この発明では、上述したように、換気用開口は、軒天材そのものに予め形成されており、該軒天材の施工時において野縁等の他の部材との間隔を開けて施工するものではないことから、施工の手間を省くことができ、工期の短縮化に十分貢献できるとともに、野縁等の他の部材との関係で換気用開口を設けるものではなく、これまでも使用されている破風板の下面に破風板固定部の上面を固定する構造としていることから、使用する建築材料のコストの増加を招くことが無い。また、この発明では、上記軒天材の換気用開口の長さ方向と直交する方向が補強板により補強されていることから、軒天材の素材を石膏ボードなどの耐火性には優れているが脆性の不燃材を使用することが可能となるとともに、施工時において誤って割ったりヒビ割れを生じたりする危険性を防止することができ、それに伴う工期の長期化を防止でき、さらには耐久性が向上された軒天井の施工構造とすることができる。 In the first invention (the invention according to claim 1), the eaves top member is formed with a single elongated ventilation opening or a plurality of ventilation openings arranged in a line, so that a large number of conventional ventilation openings are formed. The manufacturing cost of the eave ceiling material can be suppressed with respect to the eave ceiling material in which the circular openings are formed in a dotted shape or the eave ceiling material in which a large number of rectangular openings are arranged in parallel. Further, a windbreak sheet metal is fixed to the front surface of the windbreak plate, and the lower end side of the windbreak sheet metal extends to the lower side of the ventilation opening, so that the ventilation opening is visually recognized from the lower side of the eaves. There is nothing, and the appearance of the building can be improved. Further, in the present invention, as described above, the ventilation opening is formed in advance on the eaves ceiling material itself, and is constructed with a gap with other members such as a field edge at the time of construction of the eave ceiling material. Because it is not a thing, it can save the labor of construction, can contribute to shortening the construction period sufficiently, and does not provide a ventilation opening in relation to other members such as the field edge, it has been used so far Since it has the structure which fixes the upper surface of the windbreak plate fixing | fixed part to the lower surface of the windbreak plate which is being used, it does not cause the increase in the cost of the building material to be used. Moreover, in this invention, since the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the ventilation opening of the eave roof material is reinforced by the reinforcing plate, the eave roof material is excellent in fire resistance such as a gypsum board. It is possible to use brittle non-combustible materials, prevent the risk of accidental cracking and cracking during construction, prevent the construction period from becoming longer, and further improve durability. The construction structure of the eaves ceiling can be improved.
また、第２の発明（請求項２記載の発明）では、軒天材の換気用開口に予め膨張材を配置しておき、その軒天材を建物に施工することが可能となり、建築現場において、前記膨張材を施工する手間を省略することができるので、さらに工期の短縮に貢献することができる。 In the second invention (invention of claim 2), it is possible to place an inflating material in advance in the ventilation opening of the eaves ceiling material, and to construct the eave ceiling material in the building. Since the labor for constructing the expansion material can be omitted, the construction period can be further shortened.
以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。この実施の形態に係る軒天井の換気構造１は、図１又は図２に示すように、屋根の下地である複数の野地板５と、各垂木４の先端に固定された破風板７と、後述する軒天井空間１７を換気する複数の換気用開口１４ｃが形成され上記野地板５の下方に配置された複数の軒天材１４と、上記野地板５の下側と破風板７の背面側と板状に成形された上記軒天材１４の上側との間に形成された軒天井空間１７と、上記破風板７の正面に固定され上記軒天材１４の換気用開口１４ｃの下方まで延設された破風板金１８と、上記軒天材１４の換気用開口１４ｃ内に配置され火災時に該換気用開口１４ｃを閉塞する複数の膨張材１６と、上記軒天材１４の換気用開口１４ｃ近傍を補強する複数の補強板１５とから構成されている。 Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 or 2, the eaves ceiling ventilation structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of field boards 5 that are the foundations of the roof, and a windbreak board 7 fixed to the tips of the rafters 4. A plurality of eaves ceiling members 14 formed with a plurality of ventilation openings 14c for ventilating the eaves ceiling space 17 to be described later and disposed below the field plate 5, the lower side of the field plate 5 and the back side of the windbreak plate 7 And the eaves ceiling space 17 formed between the eaves ceiling member 14 and the upper side of the eaves ceiling member 14 formed in a plate shape, and is fixed to the front surface of the windbreak plate 7 and extends to the lower side of the ventilation opening 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14. A windbreak sheet metal 18 provided, a plurality of expansion members 16 disposed in the ventilation openings 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 and closing the ventilation openings 14c in the event of a fire, and the vicinity of the ventilation openings 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 It is comprised from the some reinforcement board 15 which reinforces.
先ず、軒天井の構成は、図４又は図５に示すように、柱２の上面に軒桁３が図示しない棟木と平行に横架され、この軒桁３上には複数の垂木４が傾斜して配置され、これら垂木４の上面に屋根の下材である複数の野地板５が固定され、これら野地板５の先端に当接する広子舞６が前記軒桁３と平行に固定されているとともに、前記垂木４の先端には、破風板７が前記軒桁３と平行に固定されている。また、柱２及び軒桁３の軒先側には、合板１１と胴縁１２が固定され、この胴縁１２の近傍位置には、野縁１３が図示しない吊り木部材に前記軒桁３と平行に固定されている。そして、前記破風板７の下面と野縁１３の下面とには、後述する複数の軒天材１４が前記野地板５と略平行に固定され、これら軒天材１４の上側と野地板５の下側と破風板７の背面側との間に形成される軒天井空間１７を該軒天材１４により閉塞している。なお、前記軒天材１４の設置姿勢は、前記野地板５と略平行であることに限定されるものではなく、例えば水平であってもよい。また、軒の出の出幅を増す等の場合には、前記軒天材１４の上面１４ｇであって図１に示す破風板７と野縁１３との中間位置には、図示しない吊り木部材と野縁とを追加して該軒天材１４の中間位置を固定しても良い。 First, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the eaves ceiling is configured such that an eaves girder 3 is horizontally mounted on the upper surface of the pillar 2 in parallel with a purlin (not shown), and a plurality of rafters 4 are inclined on the eaves girder 3 A plurality of field boards 5 which are the lower materials of the roof are fixed to the upper surfaces of these rafters 4, and a lion dance 6 abutting against the tips of these field boards 5 is fixed in parallel with the eaves girders 3. In addition, a windbreak plate 7 is fixed to the end of the rafter 4 in parallel with the eaves beam 3. Further, the plywood 11 and the trunk edge 12 are fixed to the eaves side of the pillar 2 and the eaves girder 3, and a field edge 13 is parallel to the eaves girder 3 on a suspended wooden member (not shown) in the vicinity of the trunk edge 12. It is fixed to. A plurality of eaves ceiling members 14 to be described later are fixed substantially parallel to the field plate 5 on the lower surface of the windbreak plate 7 and the lower surface of the field edge 13. The eaves ceiling space 17 formed between the lower side and the back side of the windbreak plate 7 is blocked by the eaves ceiling member 14. In addition, the installation attitude | position of the said eaves top material 14 is not limited to being substantially parallel to the said base plate 5, For example, it may be horizontal. Further, in the case of increasing the protruding width of the eaves or the like, a suspended wooden member (not shown) is provided on the upper surface 14g of the eaves top member 14 and at an intermediate position between the windbreak plate 7 and the field edge 13 shown in FIG. And a field edge may be added to fix the intermediate position of the eaves top member 14.
これらの軒天材１４は、セメント系化合物を繊維補強したケイ酸カルシウム板により施工前に予め図３に示す形態にそれぞれ成形されてなり、図１ないし図３に示すように、軒天井空間１７を下側から閉塞する面積を有する閉塞基板部１４ａと、破風板７の下面に固定される面積を有する破風板固定部１４ｂと、軒先側の中途部であって閉塞基板部１４ａと破風板固定部１４ｂとの間に破風板７の長さ方向と同じ方向の一列に並んで形成された２個の換気用開口１４ｃ，１４ｃと、これら換気用開口１４ｃ，１４ｃの長さ方向の端部に隣接して形成され閉塞基板部１４ａと破風板固定部１４ｂとを接続する接続部１４ｄ，１４ｅ，１４ｆとより構成されている。したがって、これらの軒天材１４が前記破風板７の下面と、前記野縁１３の下面とにそれぞれ固定された後の軒天井空間１７は、外気と流通する各軒天材１４の換気用開口１４ｃ，１４ｃにより換気されるとともに、各軒天材１４の閉塞基板部１４ａにより閉塞される。なお、各軒天材１４に形成される換気用開口の数は２個に限定されるものではなく、前記破風板７の長さ方向と同じ方向に長さを有する細長い単一の換気用開口、又は該破風板７の長さ方向と同じ方向の一列に並んだ２個以上の換気用開口により構成することができる。また、前記軒天材１４の素材は、上記ケイ酸カルシウム板に限定されるものではなく、木版、合板、樹脂板、金属板、その他のセメント系化合物、石膏ボード等を使用することができるが、耐火性を維持するためには不燃材料が好ましい。 These eave roof materials 14 are each formed in advance in the form shown in FIG. 3 by a calcium silicate plate reinforced with a cement-based compound and before construction, and as shown in FIGS. A closed board portion 14a having an area for closing from the lower side, a windbreak plate fixing portion 14b having an area fixed to the lower surface of the windbreak plate 7, and a midway portion on the eaves side, and fixing the closed substrate portion 14a and the windbreak plate Two ventilation openings 14c, 14c formed in a line in the same direction as the length direction of the windbreak plate 7 between the ventilation openings 14b and the end portions in the length direction of the ventilation openings 14c, 14c. It is composed of connecting portions 14d, 14e, and 14f that are formed adjacent to each other and connect the closing substrate portion 14a and the windbreak plate fixing portion 14b. Therefore, the eaves ceiling space 17 after these eaves ceiling members 14 are respectively fixed to the lower surface of the windbreak plate 7 and the lower surface of the field edge 13 is an opening for ventilation of each eaves ceiling material 14 that circulates with the outside air. While being ventilated by 14c, 14c, it is closed by the closing substrate portion 14a of each eaves top member 14. The number of ventilation openings formed in each eaves ceiling member 14 is not limited to two, but a single elongated ventilation opening having a length in the same direction as the length direction of the windbreak plate 7. Or two or more ventilation openings arranged in a line in the same direction as the length direction of the windbreak plate 7. Moreover, the material of the eaves material 14 is not limited to the above-mentioned calcium silicate plate, but wood plates, plywood, resin plates, metal plates, other cement-based compounds, gypsum boards, and the like can be used. In order to maintain fire resistance, nonflammable materials are preferred.
また、前記軒天材１４の上面１４ｇであって接続部１４ｄ，１４ｅ，１４ｆには、図２又は図３に示すように、これらの接続部１４ｄ，１４ｅ，１４ｆがヒビ割れや破断しないように補強すべく、補強板１５，１５，１５（注記：図３では、一部破断して図示されている）が、該接続部１４ｄ，１４ｅ，１４ｆをそれぞれ挟む閉塞基板部１４ａと破風板固定部１４ｂとに、それぞれ２個ずつのステープル２１，２１により施工前に予め固定されている（図５参照）。そして、前記軒天材１４の換気用開口１４ｃ，１４ｃの近傍であって接続部１４ｄ，１４ｅ，１４ｆは、補強板１５，１５，１５により補強されてなることから、軒の出の出幅を増す場合においても、前記軒天材１４の中間位置に、上述した図示しない吊り木部材と野縁とを必ずしも追加する必要がない。なお、これらの補強板１５，１５，１５の素材は、亜鉛めっき等が施された各種のめっき鋼板、ステンレス鋼鈑等を選択的に使用することができる。また、補強板１５，１５，１５の固定位置は、軒天材１４の上面１４ｇではなく下面１４ｈ側であっても良いとともに、軒天材１４の接続部１４ｄ，１４ｅ，１４ｆではなく換気用開口１４ｃを跨ぐ位置でも良い。また、補強板１５の固定手段は、ステープル２１に限定されるものではなく、接着剤、釘、止めねじ等であっても良い。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3, the connection parts 14 d, 14 e, 14 f on the upper surface 14 g of the eaves ceiling member 14 are not cracked or broken. In order to reinforce, the reinforcing plates 15, 15, and 15 (note: partially broken in FIG. 3) are a closed substrate portion 14a and a windbreak plate fixing portion that sandwich the connecting portions 14d, 14e, and 14f, respectively. 14b is fixed in advance by two staples 21 and 21 before construction (see FIG. 5). And since the connection parts 14d, 14e, and 14f near the ventilation openings 14c and 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 are reinforced by the reinforcing plates 15, 15 and 15, the egress width of the eaves is increased. Even in the case of increasing, it is not always necessary to add the above-described suspension tree member and the field edge (not shown) to the middle position of the eaves ceiling member 14. In addition, the material of these reinforcement boards 15,15,15 can selectively use the various plated steel plates, stainless steel plates, etc. to which galvanization etc. were given. Further, the reinforcing plate 15, 15, 15 may be fixed on the lower surface 14h side instead of the upper surface 14g of the eaves top member 14, and not in the connection portions 14d, 14e, 14f of the eave top member 14, but in the ventilation openings. The position which straddles 14c may be sufficient. Further, the fixing means for the reinforcing plate 15 is not limited to the staple 21 but may be an adhesive, a nail, a set screw, or the like.
また、前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃの互いに対向する内壁面（符号は省略する）には、図２又は図３に示すように、テープ状に成形された熱膨張耐火性の２枚の膨張材１６，１６が、図４又は図５（ｂ）に示すそれぞれのステープル２３，２３，２３により施工前に予め固定されている。それぞれの膨張材１６の素材は、ブチルゴム系樹脂、熱膨張性黒鉛、無機系充填材等から組成された黒鉛含有ゴムシートでなり、火災により約３００℃に加熱されると常温時の約５倍に膨張し、約７００℃に加熱されると常温時の約１０倍に膨張する。したがって、それぞれの膨張材１６の厚さは、前記軒天材１４のそれぞれの換気用開口１４ｃの互いに対向する内幅の約１／１０以上の厚さを有していれば、上記加熱によりそれぞれの換気用開口１４ｃを閉塞して、外部からの火炎が軒天井空間１７内に侵入しないように阻止することができる。なお、前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃに固定される膨張材１６の数は、２枚に限定されるものではなく１枚でも良い（この場合における膨張材１６の厚さは、前記換気用開口１４ｃの内幅の１／５以上が必要）。また、前記膨張材１６の素材は、前記黒鉛含有ゴムシートに限定されるものではなく、リン化合物を含有する材料、グラファイト系の材料等を使用することができる。また、前記膨張材１６の固定手段は、ステープル２３に限定されるものではなく、接着剤、釘、止めねじ等であっても良い。また、前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃの下面１４ｈ側には、耐侯性ポリプロピレン、グラスファイバー、ステンレス等を素材としてなる図示しない防虫網を設置することにより、前記軒天井空間１７内に害虫類が入り込むことを防止することができる。 Further, on the inner wall surfaces (reference numerals are omitted) of the ventilation openings 14c of the eaves ceiling material 14 which are opposed to each other, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. Sheets of the expansion material 16, 16 are fixed in advance by the respective staples 23, 23, 23 shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. The material of each expansion material 16 is a graphite-containing rubber sheet composed of butyl rubber resin, thermally expandable graphite, inorganic filler, and the like. When heated to about 300 ° C. by a fire, it is about 5 times the normal temperature. When it is heated to about 700 ° C., it expands to about 10 times the normal temperature. Therefore, if the thickness of each expansion material 16 has a thickness of about 1/10 or more of the inner width of each of the ventilation openings 14c of the eave ceiling material 14 facing each other, By closing the ventilation opening 14c, it is possible to prevent an external flame from entering the eaves ceiling space 17. The number of the expansion members 16 fixed to the ventilation openings 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 is not limited to two, and may be one (the thickness of the expansion member 16 in this case is 1/5 or more of the inner width of the ventilation opening 14c is required). The material of the expansion material 16 is not limited to the graphite-containing rubber sheet, and a material containing a phosphorus compound, a graphite-based material, or the like can be used. The fixing means for the expansion material 16 is not limited to the staple 23, and may be an adhesive, a nail, a set screw, or the like. In addition, an insect screen (not shown) made of weatherproof polypropylene, glass fiber, stainless steel, or the like is installed on the lower surface 14h side of each ventilation opening 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 so that the eaves ceiling space 17 includes Pests can be prevented from entering.
次に、上記破風板７の正面には、図１又は図２に示すように、破風板７を保護するとともに装飾用の破風板金１８が固定されてなり、この破風板金１８は、破風板７に固定される正面板部１８ａと、この正面板部１８ａから背面側に折曲され、前記軒天材１４の各破風板固定部１４ｂに固定される第１の横板部１８ｂと、この第１の横板部１８ｂから下方に折曲された第１の垂下板部１８ｃと、この第１の垂下板部１８ｃから前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃの下方に折曲され該換気用開口１４ｃを換気可能に遮蔽する第２の横板部１８ｄと、この第２の横板部１８ｄから下方に折曲された第２の垂下板部１８ｅと、この第２の垂下板部１８ｅから鋭角に折曲された端部１８ｆとから構成されている。そして、前記軒天材１４と破風板金１８とを施工する際には、図１に示す軒天材１４の各閉塞基板部１４ａの端部を野縁１３の下面にそれぞれ固定し、図２に示す軒天材１４の各破風板固定部１４ｂの上面を（一部は前記補強板１５を介して）前記破風板７の下面にそれぞれ当接させるとともに、前記軒天材１４の各破風板固定部１４ｂの下面に前記破風板金１８の第１の横板部１８ｂを当接させて、前記軒天材１４は、釘（固定手段）２２により破風板金１８とともに破風板７にそれぞれ固定される。なお、前記軒天材１４は破風板７に対して、必ずしも、釘２２により破風板金１８とともに固定される必要はなく、軒天材１４を破風板７に固定した後、該軒天材１４に破風板金１８を固定しても良い。また、前記軒天材１４及び破風板金１８の固定手段は、釘に限定されるものではなく、止めねじ、ステープル等であっても良い。 Next, as shown in FIG. 1 or 2, a windbreak sheet metal 18 for decoration and a decorative windbreak sheet metal 18 are fixed to the front surface of the windbreak plate 7. A front plate portion 18a fixed to the front plate portion 18a, a first horizontal plate portion 18b bent from the front plate portion 18a to the back side and fixed to each windbreak plate fixing portion 14b of the eaves ceiling member 14, A first drooping plate portion 18c bent downward from one horizontal plate portion 18b, and the first drooping plate portion 18c bent downward from each ventilation opening 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 to provide the ventilation. A second horizontal plate portion 18d that shields the opening 14c for ventilation, a second hanging plate portion 18e bent downward from the second horizontal plate portion 18d, and the second hanging plate portion 18e. And an end portion 18f bent at an acute angle. And when constructing the eave roof material 14 and the blast sheet metal 18, the end portions of the respective closed substrate portions 14a of the eave roof material 14 shown in FIG. The upper surface of each baffle plate fixing portion 14b of the eaves top member 14 shown is abutted against the lower surface of the baffle plate 7 (partially via the reinforcing plate 15), and each baffle plate is fixed to the eaves top member 14. The eaves top member 14 is fixed to the windbreak plate 7 together with the windbreak sheet metal 18 by a nail (fixing means) 22 by bringing the first horizontal plate portion 18b of the windbreak sheet metal 18 into contact with the lower surface of the portion 14b. Note that the eave roof material 14 is not necessarily fixed to the windbreak plate 7 together with the windbreak sheet metal 18 by the nail 22, and after the eave ceiling material 14 is fixed to the windbreak plate 7, The windbreak sheet metal 18 may be fixed. Further, the fixing means for the eaves top member 14 and the blast sheet metal 18 is not limited to the nail, but may be a set screw, a staple or the like.
したがって、このように施工された前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃの下方には、前記破風板金１８の第１の垂下板部１８ｃ、第２の横板部１８ｄ及び第２の垂下板部１８ｅが延設されてなることから、前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃが軒の下側から視認されることはなく、外部からの雨水は前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃに浸入しないように阻止され、前記第１の垂下板部１８ｃ又は第２の垂下板部１８ｅを伝って下方へ滴下されるとともに、前記第２の横板部１８ｄと、前記軒天材１４の下面１４ｈとの間に形成された換気空間（符号は省略する）から前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃを経て前記軒天井空間１７は換気される。 Therefore, below each ventilation opening 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 thus constructed, the first hanging plate portion 18c, the second horizontal plate portion 18d, and the second hanging plate of the windbreak sheet metal 18 are provided. Since the portion 18e is extended, the ventilation openings 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 are not visually recognized from the lower side of the eaves. 14c is prevented from entering, and is dropped downward along the first hanging plate portion 18c or the second hanging plate portion 18e, and the second horizontal plate portion 18d and the eaves top 14 The eaves ceiling space 17 is ventilated through a ventilation opening 14c of the eaves ceiling member 14 from a ventilation space (not shown) formed between the lower surface 14h of the eaves.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の実施の形態によれば、前記軒天材１４には、図３又は図４に示すように、一列に並んだ複数の換気用開口１４ｃがそれぞれ形成されていることから、従来の多数の円形状の開口や、多数並列した長方形状の開口が形成された軒天材に対して軒天材の製造コストを抑制することができる。また、破風板７の正面には図２又は図４に示す破風板金１８が固定され、この破風板金１８の下端側は、前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃの下方まで延設されてなることから、該換気用開口１４ｃが軒の下側から視認されることはなく、建物の外観を向上させることができる。さらに、この実施の形態では、前記軒天材１４の各換気用開口１４ｃは、該軒天材１４そのものに予め形成されており、該軒天材１４の施工時において野縁等の他の部材との間隔を開けて施工するものではないことから、施工の手間を省くことができ、工期の短縮化に十分貢献できるとともに、これまでも使用されている破風板７の下面に軒天材１４の破風板固定部１４ｂの上面を固定する構造としていることから、使用する建築材料のコストの増加を招くことが無い。 As is apparent from the above description, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the eaves top member 14 is formed with a plurality of ventilation openings 14c arranged in a row as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the eave roof material can be suppressed with respect to the eave roof material in which a large number of conventional circular openings or a large number of parallel rectangular openings are formed. 2 or 4 is fixed to the front surface of the windbreak plate 7, and the lower end side of the windbreak sheet metal 18 is extended to below the ventilation openings 14c of the eaves top member 14. Therefore, the ventilation opening 14c is not visually recognized from the lower side of the eaves, and the appearance of the building can be improved. Furthermore, in this embodiment, each ventilation opening 14c of the eaves ceiling material 14 is formed in advance in the eaves ceiling material 14 itself, and other members such as a field edge at the time of construction of the eave ceiling material 14 Therefore, the construction work can be saved, and the construction time can be shortened sufficiently. At the same time, the eave roof material 14 is provided on the lower surface of the windbreak plate 7 used so far. Since the upper surface of the windbreak plate fixing portion 14b is fixed, the cost of the building material to be used is not increased.
１ 軒天井の換気構造
５ 野地板
７ 破風板
１３ 野縁
１４ 軒天材
１４ａ 閉塞基板部
１４ｂ 破風板固定部
１４ｃ 換気用開口
１５ 補強板
１６ 膨張材
１７ 軒天井空間
１８ 破風板金
1 Ceiling ventilation structure 5 Field plate 7 Windbreak plate 13 Field edge 14 House top 14a Blocking substrate 14b Windbreak plate fixing portion 14c Opening for ventilation 15 Reinforcement plate 16 Expansion material 17 Ceiling space 18 Windbreak sheet metal
Claims (2)
上記軒天材は、軒先側中途部に上記破風板の長さ方向と同じ方向に長さを有する細長い単一の換気用開口又は該破風板の長さ方向と同じ方向の一列に並んだ複数の換気用開口と、該軒天材の先端から上記換気用開口に至る破風板固定部とが形成され、
この軒天材は、上記破風板固定部の上面が上記破風板の下面に固定された状態で上記軒天井空間を下側から閉塞してなり、
上記破風板の正面には破風板金が固定され、この破風板金の下端側は、上記換気用開口の下方まで延設されてなるとともに、
上記軒天材には、該軒天材の破風板側端部から前記換気用開口の長さ方向と直交する方向に単一又は複数の補強板が固定されてなることを特徴とする軒天井の換気構造。 An eaves ceiling ventilation structure for ventilating an eaves ceiling space formed by at least the underside of the roof, the back side of the windbreak plate, and the upper side of the eave ceiling material formed into a plate shape,
The eaves roofing material is a single elongate ventilation opening having a length in the same direction as the length direction of the windbreak plate in the eaves side, or a plurality of lines arranged in a row in the same direction as the length direction of the windbreak plate An opening for ventilation and a windbreak plate fixing portion extending from the tip of the eaves to the ventilation opening,
This Nokitenzai is Ri greens to close the eaves ceiling space from below in a state where the top surface of the gable plate fixing portion fixed to the lower surface of the gable plates,
A windbreak sheet metal is fixed to the front of the windbreak plate, and the lower end side of the windbreak sheet metal extends to the lower side of the ventilation opening ,
The eaves ceiling material is characterized in that a single or a plurality of reinforcing plates are fixed in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the ventilation opening from the end portion of the eaves material on the side of the windbreak plate. Ventilation structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008134039A JP5110473B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Elevated ceiling ventilation structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2008134039A JP5110473B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Elevated ceiling ventilation structure |
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| JP2009281048A JP2009281048A (en) | 2009-12-03 |
| JP5110473B2 true JP5110473B2 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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| JP2008134039A Active JP5110473B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Elevated ceiling ventilation structure |
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5728967Y2 (en) * | 1977-10-31 | 1982-06-24 | ||
| JPH0742299A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1995-02-10 | Nippon Kagaku Sangyo Kk | Ventilating construction in ceiling |
| JPH0988200A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1997-03-31 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Eaves edge ventilator |
| JP4545969B2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2010-09-15 | 大和ハウス工業株式会社 | Eaves top fireproof structure and parting material |
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