JP5093673B2 - 有機薄膜太陽電池 - Google Patents
有機薄膜太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5093673B2 JP5093673B2 JP2008107449A JP2008107449A JP5093673B2 JP 5093673 B2 JP5093673 B2 JP 5093673B2 JP 2008107449 A JP2008107449 A JP 2008107449A JP 2008107449 A JP2008107449 A JP 2008107449A JP 5093673 B2 JP5093673 B2 JP 5093673B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- film solar
- organic thin
- solar cell
- thin film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004069 aziridinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000301 poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical compound C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 etc. Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- IRUFLAAZAAOXHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 IRUFLAAZAAOXHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004801 4-cyanophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(C#N)=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VICWSYPCKKBZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N-]=[N+]=NC1=CC=CC=C1C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1N=[N+]=[N-] Chemical class [N-]=[N+]=NC1=CC=CC=C1C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1N=[N+]=[N-] VICWSYPCKKBZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000641 acridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003739 carbamimidoyl group Chemical group C(N)(=N)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002462 isocyano group Chemical group *[N+]#[C-] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CTRLRINCMYICJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl azide Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NC1=CC=CC=C1 CTRLRINCMYICJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002813 thiocarbonyl group Chemical group *C(*)=S 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
これら有機薄膜太陽電池の基本構造を図1右に示すが、ガラス基板上のITO電極の上にn型とp型の有機材料薄膜を、これら混合溶液のスピンコートにより作成し、その上にアルミ蒸着を行い電極を形成することにより作成する。
n型有機半導体材料として用いられているフラーレン誘導体としては、10年以上前に開発された[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)およびその類似化合物がいまだに主役であるため、新しいフラーレン誘導体の開発が期待されているが未だにこれに代わる簡便に合成できるフラーレン誘導体は見出されていないという問題点を有している。
本発明の前記一般式(1)、及び一般式(2)で示されるフラレーン誘導体は、原料として各種アリールアミンを用いることにより容易にフラレーン誘導体の化学修飾を行うことができるので、n型有機材料に使用される分子の性質を変えることによりこのフラレーン誘導体を利用した有機薄膜太陽電池のエネルギー変換効率を大きく変えることが可能となる。このように簡便なフラレーン誘導体の化学修飾は従来より広く用いられてきたPCBMに比べて非常に容易であるという利点が有る。このことはPCBMの化学修飾が殆ど試みられずに有機薄膜太陽電池の研究が進められてきたことからも明らかである。
例えば、一般式(2)において、フラーレンがC60でArがフェニル基の化合物は、フェニルアミンから定法により一段階で合成したフェニルアジドの1,2−ジクロロベンゼン溶液を、60〜100℃のC60の1,2−ジクロロベンゼン溶液に滴下してN−フェニルアザ−[60]フラーロイドを合成し、このトルエン溶液に紫外線照射を行うことにより容易に製造することができる。
N-2-イソプロピルフェニルアジリジノフラーレンとポリ(3−ヘキシルチオフェン)(P3HT,7mg/mL)をクロロベンゼンに0.7:1の割合で混合した溶液をITOガラス基板にスピンコート法で製膜し、アルミ蒸着により電極を形成した後110℃で15分間熱処理し、擬似太陽光(AM1.5G:100mW/cm2)を用いてエネルギー変換効率(PCE)を測定した所2.6%であった。
実施例1と同様の操作を、N-2-イソプロピルフェニルアジリジノフラーレンの代わりにN-1-ナフチルアジリジノフラーレンに変え、同様の測定を行った所PCEは2.4%であった。
実施例1と同様の操作を、N-2-イソプロピルフェニルアジリジノフラーレンの代わりにN-2-ナフチルアジリジノフラーレンに変え、同様の測定を行った所PCEは1.8%であった。
実施例1と同様の操作を、N-2-イソプロピルフェニルアジリジノフラーレンの代わりにN-(4-ヘキシルフェニル)アジリジノフラーレンに変え、同様の測定を行った所PCEは1.4%であった。
実施例1と同様の操作を、N-2-イソプロピルフェニルアジリジノフラーレンの代わりにN-(3-ヘキシルフェニル)アジリジノフラーレンに変え、同様の測定を行った所PCEは1.1%であった。
実施例1と同様の操作を、N-2-イソプロピルフェニルアジリジノフラーレンの代わりにN-2,4-ジメチルフェニルアジリジノフラーレンに変え、同様の測定を行った所PCEは1.8%であった。
実施例1と同様の操作を、フラーレン誘導体を用いずにポリ(3−ヘキシルチオフェン)(P3HT)のみで行い、同様の測定を行った所PCEは0.005%であった。
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008107449A JP5093673B2 (ja) | 2008-04-17 | 2008-04-17 | 有機薄膜太陽電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008107449A JP5093673B2 (ja) | 2008-04-17 | 2008-04-17 | 有機薄膜太陽電池 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009260045A JP2009260045A (ja) | 2009-11-05 |
JP5093673B2 true JP5093673B2 (ja) | 2012-12-12 |
Family
ID=41387096
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008107449A Expired - Fee Related JP5093673B2 (ja) | 2008-04-17 | 2008-04-17 | 有機薄膜太陽電池 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP5093673B2 (ja) |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0695742A1 (de) * | 1994-08-03 | 1996-02-07 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Fullerenazirin-Derivate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
JP3511092B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-06 | 2004-03-29 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 発光材料及び新規フラーレン誘導体 |
JP4291973B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-08 | 2009-07-08 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 光電変換材料および光電池 |
JP2003261857A (ja) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-19 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 光電荷分極材料 |
JP4306176B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-01 | 2009-07-29 | シャープ株式会社 | ヘテロ接合素子 |
JP4578065B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-07 | 2010-11-10 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 有機薄膜太陽電池の製造方法および転写シート |
JP2005032793A (ja) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-02-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 有機光電変換素子 |
JP4581386B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-10 | 2010-11-17 | ソニー株式会社 | 光電変換素子の製造方法、電子装置の製造方法および発光素子の製造方法 |
KR20070102661A (ko) * | 2004-09-24 | 2007-10-19 | 플렉스트로닉스, 인크 | 광기전 전지에서의 헤테로 원자를 갖는 위치 규칙적폴리(3-치환 티오펜) |
-
2008
- 2008-04-17 JP JP2008107449A patent/JP5093673B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009260045A (ja) | 2009-11-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Li et al. | Non-fullerene polymer solar cells based on a selenophene-containing fused-ring acceptor with photovoltaic performance of 8.6% | |
Wang et al. | Structural engineering of porphyrin-based small molecules as donors for efficient organic solar cells | |
Ahmed et al. | Design of new electron acceptor materials for organic photovoltaics: synthesis, electron transport, photophysics, and photovoltaic properties of oligothiophene-functionalized naphthalene diimides | |
Cai et al. | Two photon absorption study of low-bandgap, fully conjugated perylene diimide-thienoacene-perylene diimide ladder-type molecules | |
Wu et al. | Organic molecules based on dithienyl-2, 1, 3-benzothiadiazole as new donor materials for solution-processed organic photovoltaic cells | |
Bura et al. | Triazatruxene-Diketopyrrolopyrrole Dumbbell-Shaped Molecules as Photoactive Electron Donor for High-Efficiency Solution Processed Organic Solar Cells. | |
CN108546267B (zh) | 一种端基含环烷基链的有机共轭小分子材料及其制备方法与在太阳能电池中的应用 | |
JP6797019B2 (ja) | 共役ポリマーおよびそれを組み込んでいるデバイス | |
Yang et al. | A solution-processable D–A–D small molecule based on isoindigo for organic solar cells | |
US10388878B2 (en) | Fullerene derivative and N-type semiconductor material | |
Du et al. | Conjugated polymers with 2, 7-linked 3, 6-difluorocarbazole as donor unit for high efficiency polymer solar cells | |
Liang et al. | Donor–acceptor conjugates-functionalized zinc phthalocyanine: Towards broad absorption and application in organic solar cells | |
Cho et al. | Synthesis and characterization of push–pull organic semiconductors with various acceptors for solution-processed small molecule organic solar cells | |
Zhang et al. | Solution processable donor–acceptor oligothiophenes for bulk-heterojunction solar cells | |
JP6340782B2 (ja) | フラーレン誘導体およびその製造方法 | |
Li et al. | Pyran-annulated perylene diimide derivatives as non-fullerene acceptors for high performance organic solar cells | |
Abe et al. | Low-LUMO 56π-electron fullerene acceptors bearing electron-withdrawing cyano groups for small-molecule organic solar cells | |
KR100907752B1 (ko) | 신규 플러렌 유도체 및 이를 이용한 유기태양전지 소자 | |
Bobe et al. | Improvement of optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties through the insertion of a naphthalenediimide unit in donor–acceptor oligothiophenes | |
KR101495152B1 (ko) | 유기 반도체 화합물 및 제조방법과 이를 포함하는 유기전자소자 | |
JP5093673B2 (ja) | 有機薄膜太陽電池 | |
JP5590491B2 (ja) | 高分子化合物、高分子有機半導体材料及び有機半導体デバイス | |
Song et al. | Pyrrolo [3, 2-b] pyrrole based small molecules as donor materials for OPVs | |
Abe et al. | 56π-Electron Hydrofullerene Derivatives as Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells | |
Hundal et al. | Improvement of the optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of a cyanopyrid-2, 6-dione-based donor via molecular engineering |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20101021 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20111109 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20111115 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120904 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120906 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150928 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |