JP5085838B2 - 新規ホメオボックス遺伝子 - Google Patents
新規ホメオボックス遺伝子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5085838B2 JP5085838B2 JP2003547438A JP2003547438A JP5085838B2 JP 5085838 B2 JP5085838 B2 JP 5085838B2 JP 2003547438 A JP2003547438 A JP 2003547438A JP 2003547438 A JP2003547438 A JP 2003547438A JP 5085838 B2 JP5085838 B2 JP 5085838B2
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Description
本発明は、新規ホメオボックス遺伝子、ヒトオルソログのAristalessホメオボックス遺伝子、ARXに関する。ARX遺伝子は、点頭痙攣に関連しているが、さらに特定されないX連鎖精神遅滞、X連鎖ミオクローヌス癲癇およびPartington症候群に関連している。ARX遺伝子がこれらの病気においてある役割を果たすという理解の観点から、原因となる変異が同定されており、その診断に使用されうる。
点頭痙攣(IS)は特定の型の発作であり、通常幼児に限定され、しばしば精神遅滞に関連する。ISが脳波図(EEG)におけるヒプサルスミア(混沌とした脳波パターン)および発育停止に関連する場合、ウェスト症候群という用語が使用される。ISは、しばしば脳の先天性異常構造または脳損傷などの原因論の不均一群の徴候となる。ISのまれなサブグループは、遺伝因子(突発性IS)のためであり、一般的に症候性群よりも良好な予後を有する。ISのサブグループは、不良な予後を有するX連鎖IS(ISSX, MIM308350)である。BruyereらのISSXファミリーは、最初に候補ISSX遺伝子領域をDXS1226およびAHC(Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenital)の間の約7Mbに規定した。
本発明は、ヒトオルソログのAristalessホメオボックス遺伝子、ARXに関する。
1)ポリアラニントラクト(tract)内の追加のアラニン残基をコードするトリヌクレオチド反復の挿入;
2)ポリアラニントラクト内の追加のアラニン残基をコードする重複;
3)欠失;および
4)ホメオボックス内のミスセンス変異
からなる群より選択される変異を含有する変異型ARX遺伝子が提供される。
(i)第1ポリアラニントラクト内の(GCG)7トリヌクレオチド反復の挿入;
(ii)第2ポリアラニントラクト内の8個の追加のアラニン残基をコードする24bp重複;
(iii)欠失を包含するエキソン5;および
(iv)1058C>Tミスセンス変異
からなる群より選択され、それぞれ配列番号:4、5、6および7に示され、その発現産物は、配列番号:8、9、10および11に示される。
ポリペプチドの産生に有効な条件下で上記DNA分子で形質転換された宿主細胞を培養する工程;および
ポリペプチドを回収する工程
を含む、上記ARXまたはそのバリアントの調製方法が提供される。
本発明の好ましい態様を、図を参照しながら、単に例示の目的で以下に記載する。
(1)洗浄に低イオン強度および高温、例えば、50□Cで0.015M NaCl/0.0015Mクエン酸ナトリウム/0.1% ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(SDS)を使用する、または
(2)ハイブリダイゼーション中に、ホルムアミドなどの変性剤、例えば、42□Cで、0.1%ウシ血清アルブミン/0.1%フィコール/0.1%ポリビニルピロリドン/750mM NaCl、75mMクエン酸ナトリウムを含むpH 6.5の50mMリン酸ナトリウムバッファーを含む50%(vol/vol)ホルムアミドを使用する
ものである。別の例は、42□Cで、50%ホルムアミド、5×SSC (0.75M NaCl、0.075 Mクエン酸ナトリウム)、50mMリン酸ナトリウム(pH 6.8)、0.1%ピロリン酸ナトリウム、5×デンハート溶液、超音波処理サケ精子DNA(50□g/mL)、0.1% SDSおよび10%硫酸デキストランの使用と42□Cで0.2×SSCおよび0.1% SDS中での洗浄である。
ISSXファミリー
4つの大きな、マップされたX連鎖ファミリーを分析した。これらはClaesら (ref.11) の2つのファミリー、ならびにStrommeら (ref.10) およびBruyereら (ref.9) のそれぞれ1つのファミリーを含んだ。ノルウェーからの点頭痙攣を有する別の小さなファミリーが、分析のために利用可能であった。患者は、視線を合わせることの欠如、乏しい頭部制御、四肢動作の減少、筋肉緊張の増加を伴い、発育が出生から重度に遅延した2歳男児である。4週間半目に発作を記録し、ビガバトリン、ACTH、および複数の抗癇癪薬物に対して治療抵抗性であるヒプサルスミアを伴う点頭痙攣の最高度へと進行した。はじめの一年間、頭蓋の片側性平坦化、右側小眼球症、およびMRIにおいて遅延した髄鞘形成を伴う小頭症を観察した。一人の母方の叔父は、点頭痙攣および重度の発育遅延で、20ヶ月齢で死亡した。
候補ISSX/WS DXS1226/AHC 約7 cM 領域のマップに、はじめにBaylor College of Medicine のURLサイト (http://kiwi.imgen.bcm.tmc.edu:8088/cgi-bin/seq/home/) にてアクセスし、http://www.ensembl.org/ にてEnsemblを使用してさらに改良した。PAC RPCI1-258N20のゲノム配列を、http://ftp.genome.washington.edu/cgi-bin/RepeatMaskerにてRepeat Maskerを使用し、反復配列に対してマスクした。マスクした配列を、Blast (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/BLAST/) を使用してGenBankデータベースのnrおよびEST部分に対して検索した。公知の遺伝子のDNAおよびタンパク質配列、ならびにEST (Genbank; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) およびUnigene clusters (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/index.html) をダウンロードし、Lasergene software package (DNA Star) を使用してさらに操作した。
ARX遺伝子の5つのエクソンのそれぞれの側面にあるゲノム配列より、プライマー対を設計した。エクソン2では、2つの重複するPCR産物P1およびP2を設計した。プライマー、PCRのアニーリング工程のためのTm値、およびゲノムPCR産物のサイズは以下の通りであった: エクソン1、520 bp産物 (Tm=63℃)、1F (5'-GCTCACTACACTTGTTACCGC-3' - 配列番号:12) および1R (5'-AATTGACAATTCCAGGCCACTG-3' - 配列番号:13); エクソン2P1、 584 bpの産物 (Tm=62℃)、2P1F (5'-ACGCCTGGGCCTAGGCACTG-3' - 配列番号:14) および2P1R (5'-CTCGGTGCCGGTGCCACCAC-3' - 配列番号:15); エクソン2P2、 602 bpの産物 (Tm=62℃)、2P2F (5'-GCAAGTCGTACCGCGAGAACG-3' - 配列番号:16) および 2P2R (5'-TGCGCTCTCTGCCGCTGCGA-3' - 配列番号:17); エクソン3、231 bpの産物 (Tm=60℃)、3F (5'-GAAATAGCTGAGAGGGCATTGC-3' - 配列番号:18) および3R (5'-TCTCTTGGTTTTGTGAAGGGGAT-3' - 配列番号:19); エクソン4、551 bpの産物 (Tm=60℃)、4F (5'-GACGCGTCCGAAAACAACCTGAG-3' - 配列番号:20) および4R (5'-CCCCAGCCTCTGTGTGTATG-3' - 配列番号:21); およびエクソン5、347 bpの産物 (Tm=60℃)、5F (5'-ACAGCTCCCGAGGCCATGAC-3' - 配列番号:22) および5R (5'-GAGTGGTGCTGAGTGAGGTGA-3' - 配列番号:23)。本発明者らは、最もおそらくは異常に高いGC含量に起因した、乏しい再現性のARXエクソンのPCR増幅を見出した。最終的に、本発明者らはFailsafe buffer J (EPICENTRE Technologies) およびExpand Long Template Enzyme Mix (Roche) を使用して条件を最適化している。通常、94℃で30秒間変性、60〜63℃で30秒間アニーリング、および68℃で2分間伸長の35までのPCRサイクルを、50〜100 ngのゲノムDNAにおいて、0.5μM PCRプライマー、200 mM dNTP、2.5 UのExpand Long Template Enzyme Mix (Roche)、および1×Failsafe buffer J (EPICENTRE Technologies) を用いて実行した。
欠失患者 (上記参照のこと) およびNorthern multiple tissue blots (Clontech) のサザンブロットハイブリダイゼーションのためのARXプローブを、以下のプライマーを使用して3’非翻訳領域から生成した。: F、5'-GCGAGGGCCCCAGCGTGAAG-3' - 配列番号:24 およびR、5'-GCCTGTATGGAGCATTCACAC-3' - 配列番号:25 (557 bpの産物)。
PACゲノム配列データ、AC002504およびAC004655; ヒトARX mRNA Ensembl ID: ENSG00000004848; マウスArx mRNA、AB006103; ゼブラフィッシュArx mRNA、AB006104、およびハエaristalessタンパク質、AAF51505。
Claims (17)
- 被験体から得られた核酸試料を、ARX遺伝子の全部またはエキソンのヌクレオチド配列を決定することによって、分析する工程、および
ARX遺伝子の全部またはエキソンのヌクレオチド配列を、野生型ARXをコードするヌクレオチド配列と比較する工程
を含む、被験体におけるARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患の存在または非存在を検出する方法であって、変異は、
1)第1または第2ポリアラニントラクトにポリA拡張を生じる変異;
2)エキソン5の欠失;および
3)1058C>Tミスセンス変異
からなる群より選ばれ、該変異を含む変異型ARX遺伝子は、ARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患を示し、該ARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患が、ISSX障害、X連鎖精神遅滞、X連鎖ミオクローヌス癲癇、Partington症候群およびジストニーからなる群より選ばれる、方法。 - アッセイが、SSCP、PCR、DGGE、DHPLC、マイクロアレイおよびサザンブロットベース試験からなる群より選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 配列比較がハイブリダイゼーションアッセイによって実施される請求項2記載の方法。
- 被験体から得られた核酸試料を、試料中の1つ以上のARX発現産物の全部またはエキソンのヌクレオチド配列またはアミノ酸配列を決定することによって、分析する工程、および
1つ以上のARX発現産物の該配列を、野生型ARX配列と比較する工程
を含む、被験体におけるARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患の存在または非存在を検出する方法であって、変異は、
1)第1または第2ポリアラニントラクトにポリA拡張を生じる変異;
2)エキソン5の欠失;および
3)1058C>Tミスセンス変異
からなる群より選ばれ、該変異を含む変異型ARX配列は、ARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患を示し、該ARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患が、ISSX障害、X連鎖精神遅滞、X連鎖ミオクローヌス癲癇、Partington症候群およびジストニーからなる群より選ばれる、方法。 - 発現産物がmRNAである請求項4記載の方法。
- mRNAのヌクレオチド配列が特異的なハイブリダイゼーションプローブを使用して決定される、請求項5記載の方法。
- SSCP、PCR、DGGE、DHPLC、マイクロアレイおよびサザンブロットベース試験からなる群より選択されるアッセイを使用して、試料が野生型と比較される、請求項4記載の方法。
- 発現産物がポリぺプチドである請求項4記載の方法。
- 発現産物のアミノ酸配列が抗体を使用して決定される、請求項8記載の方法。
- 個体がARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患を有する見込みの予測可能性を決定する方法であって、個体から得られた核酸試料が配列番号:4、5、6および7の多型部位でヌクレオチド配列を決定することによって分析され、個体から得られた試料が1つ以上の多型部位で配列番号:4、5、6または7いずれかの配列を有する場合、試料を採取された個体がARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患を有する見込みがあり、該ARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患が、ISSX障害、X連鎖精神遅滞、X連鎖ミオクローヌス癲癇、Partington症候群およびジストニーからなる群より選ばれる、方法。
- 核酸試料がmRNA試料である請求項10記載の方法。
- mRNAのヌクレオチド配列が特異的なハイブリダイゼーションプローブを使用して決定される、請求項11記載の方法。
- 試料が、SSCP、PCR、DGGE、DHPLC、マイクロアレイおよびサザンブロットベース試験からなる群より選択されるアッセイを使用して分析される、請求項10記載の方法。
- 個体がARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患を有する見込みの予測可能性を決定する方法であって、個体から得られた試料が配列番号:8、9、10および11の多型部位でARXコードポリぺプチドのアミノ酸配列を決定することによって分析され、個体から得られた試料が1つ以上の多型部位で配列番号:8、9、10または11いずれかの配列を有する場合、試料を採取された個体がARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患を有する見込みがあり、該ARX遺伝子中の変異に関連する疾患が、ISSX障害、X連鎖精神遅滞、X連鎖ミオクローヌス癲癇、Partington症候群およびジストニーからなる群より選ばれる、方法。
- ポリぺプチドのアミノ酸配列が抗体を使用して決定される、請求項14記載の方法。
- 配列番号:4、5、6および7からなる群より選択されるヌクレオチド配列を含む核酸分子。
- 配列番号:8、9、10および11からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド。
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US20050118592A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
CA2468353C (en) | 2017-02-28 |
US9631234B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 |
US20170253929A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
US8323885B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 |
US20130340101A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
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US10538811B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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