JP5065933B2 - Electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, a rotor having a permanent magnet is reciprocally rotated only within a predetermined angle range, and a driven member is driven by an output pin that rotates integrally with the rotor. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator.

  The electromagnetic actuator which is the subject of the present invention is of the type described in Patent Document 1 below. That is, this type of electromagnetic actuator is accommodated between a stator frame in which one end of a cylindrical part is closed with a blocking wall and another stator frame in which the other end of the cylindrical part is closed. A rotor having a permanent magnet is arranged in the storage chamber, and the rotor has an output pin that rotates integrally, and the output pin is driven outside the storage chamber. It is made to connect with a member. In addition, an annular groove is formed outside the two stator frames so as to form a series over both of them, and after winding a coil there, on the outside of the cylindrical portion, a substantially cylindrical shape is formed. A shaped yoke is fitted. The rotor is rotated only in a predetermined angle range in a direction corresponding to the current supply direction to the coil.

  In addition, it is known that this type of electromagnetic actuator has a very unstable stop state of the rotor when the coil is not energized. Therefore, in the case of a configuration in which only one coil is wound as in the electromagnetic actuator described in Patent Document 1, the rotation of the rotor is stopped at the midway of rotation only by controlling the current, It is difficult to keep the stop state stable. Therefore, in order to make it possible, two types of coils are wound, and for one coil, a current for rotating the rotor in the forward direction is supplied, and for the other coil, The rotor is rotated in a predetermined direction by supplying a current for rotating the rotor in the reverse direction, and the balance of the supply currents is changed, and the rotor is stopped at a predetermined position, and the stopped state. There is also known one that can be stably obtained.

  Further, in the case of the electromagnetic actuator described in Patent Document 1, only one output pin is provided on the rotor, but a plurality of output pins are provided by extending in different radial directions of the rotor. There are also known ones in which different driven members are driven simultaneously. Furthermore, there are two known types of rotors for this type of electromagnetic actuator, one of which is made of synthetic resin for the rotating shaft and output pin, and a cylinder around the rotating shaft. The other is a permanent magnet made entirely of the rotor including the output pin. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator configured as described above. This type of electromagnetic actuator includes a lens shutter device, a focal plane shutter device, an aperture device, a filter device, a barrier device, and the like built in a camera. In addition to being able to be used as a drive source, it can also be used as a drive source for various small devices other than those related to cameras such as locking devices.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-15041

  By the way, this type of electromagnetic actuator is extremely superior in terms of size reduction and cost reduction as compared with a step motor or the like, but is slightly disadvantageous in terms of driving force. Therefore, in order to be able to obtain good starting and stable rotation of the rotor, it is necessary to examine the bearing configuration of the rotor. As described in Patent Document 1, the conventional bearing configuration actually implemented so far is provided with two rotating shaft portions having a cylindrical shape on the rotor, and one of them is the above-described first shaft. It is common to fit the circular hole of the stator frame and the other to the circular hole of the second stator frame. That is, the two rotating shaft portions have their outer peripheral surfaces in surface contact with the inner peripheral surfaces of the respective holes. For this reason, the structure is unsuitable for obtaining a good startability and stable rotation of the rotor due to large friction.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to have a bearing configuration with a small friction in the electromagnetic actuator of the type described in Patent Document 1. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electromagnetic actuator capable of obtaining good startability and stable rotation of a rotor.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first stator frame having a cylindrical portion and a blocking wall that blocks one end of the cylindrical portion, and plugs the other end of the cylindrical portion. A second stator frame constituting a storage chamber between the first stator frame and at least a circumferential portion made of a permanent magnet, and arranged in the storage chamber with a rotation axis perpendicular to the closing wall; A substantially cylindrical rotor, and at least one coil wound in a groove formed in a series over the outer periphery of the two stator frames through a substantially central portion of the blocking wall, and the rotation At least one output pin that is integral with the child and extends out of the housing chamber so as to be parallel to the rotation axis; and a cylindrical shape that is fitted outside the first stator frame. An electromagnetic actuator including a yoke, wherein the rotor is one of the rotating shafts. Is supported on the closing wall via a first ball, and the other end of the rotating shaft is assembled to the hole of the second stator frame so as to be movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The one end of the rotating shaft is pressed against the first ball by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet acting between the second ball and the yoke, and the floating member Is a magnetic body that is attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet and presses the second ball against the other end of the rotating shaft.

  In that case, the hole may be a circular hole, and the floating member may be assembled to the circular hole so as to be rotatable. In addition, a magnetic member may be integrated with the floating member, and the floating member may be made of a non-magnetic material. In that case, the floating member and the magnetic material may be used. The member may be a separate member, and the floating member may be pressed by the magnetic member that is attracted by the attraction force of the permanent magnet to press the second ball against the rotor. . Further, if the two balls are made of a non-magnetic material, the rotor rotates more smoothly than that made of a magnetic material.

  The electromagnetic actuator of the present invention is an electromagnetic actuator of the type described in Patent Document 1, wherein the rotor is supported by two balls, and the contact between one ball and the rotor is fixed to the permanent magnet of the rotor. It is maintained by the attractive force acting between the yoke of the child, and the contact between the other ball and the rotor is maintained by the attractive force acting between the permanent magnet of the rotor and the floating member. Therefore, there is an advantage that the bearing structure is extremely efficient, the friction is small, and good startability of the rotor and stable rotation can be obtained.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated examples. Further, as described above, the electromagnetic actuator of the present invention can be used as a drive source for various small products, but has been commercialized as a representative of such small products. There are various components built into cameras built into information terminal devices such as cameras and mobile phones and personal computers. Therefore, after describing the electromagnetic actuator of the embodiment, an aspect when employed in a lens shutter device (hereinafter simply referred to as a shutter device) which is one of those components will be briefly described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the electromagnetic actuator of the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state in which the electromagnetic actuator of the embodiment is employed in a camera shutter device, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which the electromagnetic actuator of the embodiment is employed in a camera diaphragm device. FIG.

  First, the configuration of this embodiment will be described. The first stator frame 1 is made of a synthetic resin, and is formed in a cup shape as a whole by a cylindrical portion 1a and a closing wall 1b that closes one end in the axial direction, and the inner surface of the closing wall 1b. A conical recess 1b-1 is formed at the center. Further, on the outside of the first stator frame 1, a groove 1c passing through the substantially central portion of the blocking wall 1b continues to the other end of the cylindrical portion 1a and is formed in a U shape as a whole. Further, a thick part 1a-1 and a notch part 1a-2 are formed at the edge of the other end of the cylindrical part 1a with a formation part of the groove 1c therebetween, and the thick part 1a-1 A positioning pin 1a-3 is erected on the lower end surface of the.

  The second stator frame 2 is made of a synthetic resin, has a flat plate shape, and has a circular hole 2a that does not penetrate. And this 2nd stator frame 2 comprises said 1st stator frame 1 by inserting said positioning pin 1a-3 in the hole 2a, and comprises said notch part 1a. -2 and an open window. Further, the second stator frame 2 is formed with a linear groove 2b on the surface on the opposite side of the accommodation chamber, and a circular hole 2c penetrating through the center is formed. When the second stator frame 2 is in a state in which a housing chamber is formed between the second stator frame 2 and the first stator frame 1, the groove 2 b is a series of recesses having a square annular shape with the grooves 1 c of the first stator frame 1. A groove is formed. Further, the second stator frame 2 is also formed with a hole 2d for enabling attachment to various devices.

  In this embodiment, the positioning pin 1a-3 is provided in the first stator frame 1 and the hole 2a is provided in the second stator frame 2, but the positioning pin is provided in the second stator frame 2. The holes may be provided in the first stator frame 1. Moreover, you may make it provide such a positioning pin and a hole not two one by two.

  The accommodation chamber configured in this manner contains two balls 3, 4, a rotor 5, a floating member 6, and a magnetic member 7 having a donut shape. First, the balls 3 and 4 are made of ceramic in this embodiment. The floating member 6 is made of synthetic resin, and has a conical recess 6a formed at the head, and the magnetic member is formed in such a manner that the shaft portion 6b passes through the hole of the magnetic member 7. 7 is integrated, and the tip of the shaft portion 6 b is rotatably fitted to the hole 2 c of the second stator frame 2.

  The rotor 5 includes a rotation shaft portion 5a serving as a rotation shaft, an arm portion 5b extending in the radial direction from the rotation shaft portion 5a and protruding out of the accommodation chamber from the notch portion 1a-2, and an arm portion thereof. An output pin 5c formed at the tip of 5b is integrally formed of synthetic resin, and a permanent magnet 5d having a cylindrical shape and having two poles in the radial direction is formed around the rotary shaft portion 5a. It is fixed. Further, a conical concave portion 5a-1 is formed at one end of the rotating shaft portion 5a, and a conical concave portion 5a-2 is formed at the other end. The ball 3 is in line contact with the recesses 1b-1 and 5a-1 between the recess 1b-1 of the first stator frame 1 and the recess 5a-1 of the rotating shaft 5a. The ball 4 is arranged between the recess 6a of the floating member 6 and the recess 5a-2 of the rotating shaft 5a so as to be in line contact with the recesses 6a and 5a-2. ing.

  In this embodiment, the balls 3 and 4 are made of ceramic, but the present invention is not limited to ceramic, and may be made of synthetic resin or metal. However, if made of ceramic, it is not affected by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 5d, and it is easy to reduce the friction caused by the line contact. Therefore, it is very suitable for smoothly rotating the rotor 5. . Further, in the rotor 5 of the present embodiment, the rotating shaft portion 5a, the arm portion 5b, and the output pin 5c are made of synthetic resin, but they may be made of permanent magnets. However, in such a case, it is necessary to make the balls 3 and 4 non-magnetic.

  Thus, after the two balls 3, 4, the rotor 5, the floating member 6, and the magnetic member 7 are accommodated in the accommodation chamber, the annular recess formed by the two grooves 1 c and 2 b described above. When the coil 8 is wound around the groove, the first stator frame 1 and the second stator frame 2 are attached to each other. Then, the electromagnetic actuator of this example is obtained by fitting the cylindrical yoke 9 to the first stator frame 1 until it contacts the upper surface of the thick portion 1a-1. Yes.

  As is well known, in the case of this type of electromagnetic actuator, it is common to embed a magnetic rod (iron pin) in a predetermined location of the first stator frame 1, and thereby the coil 8. Even when not energized, the rotor 5 is given a rotational force by the magnetic force acting between the magnetic rod and the permanent magnet 5d, and the rotor is blocked by an appropriate stopper, thereby preventing the rotor. The stop position of 5 can be stably maintained. Therefore, the present invention may have such a configuration. It is also known that the same effect can be obtained by devising the shape of the yoke 9. Further, when the arm portion 5b of the rotor 5 and the output pin 5c are made of permanent magnets, the magnetic member having the same function as the magnetic rod is used as the second stator frame 2 or the electromagnetic actuator. It is also known that it is provided on the side of a device that employs the above.

  The features of the configuration of the present embodiment are as follows. As can be seen from FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the intermediate position in the vertical direction of the permanent magnet 5 d is configured to be closer to the second stator frame 2 side than the intermediate position in the vertical direction of the yoke 9. Therefore, the rotor 5 is drawn toward the closing wall 1b by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 5d acting between the permanent magnet 5d and the yoke 9, and presses the ball 3 against the recess 1b-1 by the recess 5a-1. . On the other hand, the floating member 6 is attracted to the permanent magnet 5d side by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 5d acting between the integrated magnetic member 7 and the permanent magnet 5d, and the ball 4 is brought into the recess 5a- by the recess 6a. 2 is pressed. Since the present embodiment has such a bearing configuration, the rotor 5 can maintain the line contact state with the two balls 3 and 4 only by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 5d, and the friction Is small, and extremely good startability and stable rotation can be obtained.

  As described above, in the case of the present embodiment, the floating member 6 has the tip end of the shaft portion 6b rotatably fitted in the hole 2c of the second stator frame 2. In such a configuration, the shaft portion 6b may or may not be rotated due to the influence of contact pressure with the ball 4 or the like. Therefore, when it is desired to avoid the occurrence of such a phenomenon, the shape of the shaft portion 6b and the hole 2c may be set so that the shaft portion 6b can move in the axial direction but cannot rotate.

  In the present embodiment, the floating member 6 and the magnetic member 7 are integrated, but the reason for doing so is that the assembling work is facilitated. However, when it is not necessary to consider such consideration, the floating member 6 and the magnetic member 7 may not be integrated but may be assembled as separate members. Further, when the ball 4 is a non-magnetic material as in this embodiment, the floating member 6 is also made of a magnetic material, or the integrated floating member 6 and magnetic member 7 are replaced with a magnetic material. You may make it as one part with material. However, considering the weight reduction and cost reduction, it is more advantageous to configure as in this embodiment. In the case of this embodiment, the magnetic member 7 has a donut shape. However, the magnetic member 7 is a disc portion made of synthetic resin integrally formed with the floating member 6, and a magnetic member is formed on a part of the disc portion. You may make it the structure which attaches.

  Furthermore, the rotor 5 of the present embodiment has only one output pin 5c, but corresponds to the arm portion 5b and the output pin 5c when two or more driven members are to be driven simultaneously. A plurality of parts may be provided. In such a case, as is well known, it is ideal to provide a plurality of output pins at equiangular intervals with the rotation axis as the center.

  The operation of this embodiment is the same as that of a known electromagnetic actuator of this type. When the rotor 5 supplies a current to the coil 8 in one direction, the first position is within a predetermined angle range. The rotor 5 rotates in the reverse direction from the second position to the first position when the current is supplied in the reverse direction. However, in the case of this type of electromagnetic actuator, when the energization to the coil 8 is cut off when the rotor 5 rotates to a midway position, the rotor 5 can maintain a stable stop state at that midway position. It will disappear. For this reason, this type of electromagnetic actuator cannot be employed when it is desired to stop the driven member at an intermediate position with the configuration as it is.

  Therefore, two methods are known in order to reliably stop the rotor 5 at an intermediate position. For example, when a magnetically sensitive element such as a Hall element is attached between the first stator frame 1 and the yoke 9 and it is detected that the rotor 5 has reached a predetermined rotational position, the current to the coil 8 is It is to control the value and current supply direction to make it seem to stop. Therefore, the electromagnetic actuator of the present invention may be provided with such a magnetic sensitive element.

  In another method, in addition to the coil 8, another coil is wound around the annular groove, and the coil 8 is supplied with current so as to give the rotor 5 a force to rotate toward the second position. The other coil is supplied with a current so as to give the rotor 5 a force to rotate toward the first position. And while making the rotor 5 rotate to either one by making a difference in both rotational force, it can maintain a stop state in the predetermined middle position by balancing both rotational force. To do. Therefore, the electromagnetic actuator of the present invention may be configured such that such two coils are wound around an annular groove formed in a series over the first stator frame and the second stator frame.

  Next, an example when the electromagnetic actuator of the present embodiment is employed in a camera shutter device will be described with reference to FIG. The shutter device for a camera shown in FIG. 3 is a type of shutter device generally called a lens shutter. The base plate 11 is a relatively thick member, and has a circular opening 11a serving as a subject optical path at a substantially central portion. Although not shown, a cover plate having substantially the same shape as the base plate 11 is attached to the back side of the base plate 11 at a predetermined interval, and a blade chamber is formed between the two. ing.

  The electromagnetic actuator of the present embodiment is attached to the base plate 11 with screws 12 using the holes 2d of the second stator frame 2 outside the blade chamber. In the attached state, the output pin 5c of the rotor 5 is It faces the blade chamber from the large hole 11b of the main plate 11. Further, in the blade chamber, the shutter blade 13 is rotatably attached to a blade mounting shaft 11c erected on the base plate 11, and the rotor 5 is inserted into a long hole 13a provided in the shutter blade 13. The output pin 5c is fitted.

  Such a shutter device can be used for both a camera using a film and a digital camera. Of these, the operation when used in a digital camera will be briefly described. The state shown in FIG. 3 is a photographing standby state in which the shutter blade 13 fully opens the opening 1a. For this reason, the subject light passes through the opening 1a and strikes the solid-state imaging device, and the photographer can observe the subject image on the monitor. When the release button of the camera is pressed at the time of shooting, the charge accumulated in the solid-state image sensor is released by a signal from the exposure control circuit, and thereafter, accumulation of charge for shooting is newly started (exposure for shooting). Started).

  When a predetermined time corresponding to the luminance of the subject elapses, the coil 8 is energized in the forward direction by a signal from the exposure control circuit, and the rotor 5 is rotated counterclockwise. Therefore, the output pin 5c rotates the shutter blade 13 in the clockwise direction and closes the opening 11a. When the closing operation of the shutter blade 13 is completed, the imaging information photoelectrically converted by the solid-state imaging device is transferred to the storage device. When the transfer ends, the coil 8 is energized in the reverse direction. Therefore, the rotor 5 is rotated clockwise, and the shutter blade 13 is opened by the output pin 5c. Then, after the shutter blade 13 is stopped with the opening 11a fully opened and then the coil 8 is de-energized, the imaging standby state shown in FIG. 3 is restored.

  In this configuration example, the electromagnetic actuator of the present embodiment is employed as a drive source for a shutter device including a single shutter blade 13. However, another blade mounting shaft is erected on the base plate 11, and another shutter blade is rotatably mounted thereon, and the output pin 5c is fitted into the long hole of the shutter blade. With this configuration, it becomes a drive source for a shutter device having two shutter blades. In that case, it is also known that the two shutter blades are rotated in opposite directions or rotated in the same direction at different speeds depending on the arrangement relationship between the two blade mounting shafts and the output pin. ing. In the former case, it is further known to divide at least one shutter blade into a plurality of pieces and rotate them in the same direction at different speeds. It is also known that an apparatus configured as such can be used as it is as a lens barrier apparatus for protecting a photographing lens.

  Next, an example when the electromagnetic actuator of the present embodiment is employed in a camera diaphragm device will be described with reference to FIG. The base plate 21 in this case is substantially the same as the base plate 11 of the shutter device described above, has an opening 21a and a hole 21b, and forms a blade chamber between the cover plate (not shown). Yes. The electromagnetic actuator of the present embodiment is also attached to the main plate 21 in the same manner, and is attached by screws 22 using the holes 2d of the second stator frame 2. Further, in the blade chamber, the diaphragm blade 23 is rotatably attached to a blade attachment shaft 21c provided upright on the main plate 21. The diaphragm blade 23 has an opening 23a having a smaller diameter than the opening 21a of the base plate 21 and a long hole 23b, and the output pin 5c of the rotor 5 is fitted into the long hole 23b. ing.

  An aperture device having this type of aperture blade is configured as a unit together with the shutter device described above, and is mainly configured in a still camera. However, when used in a digital still camera, In this way, the unit may be unitized only by the diaphragm device. Therefore, the operation of the diaphragm device will be briefly described. FIG. 4 shows a photographing standby state in which the aperture blade 23 is retracted from the opening 21a. When the release button of the camera is pressed at the time of shooting, it is first determined by the photometric device whether to shoot with the subject light amount reduced or not taken. If it is determined that shooting is performed without reducing the amount of light of the subject light, the diaphragm blade 23 is not operated, and shooting is performed immediately in the state shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, when it is determined by the photometric device that the amount of light of the subject light is reduced, the coil 8 is energized in the forward direction, and the rotor 5 is rotated counterclockwise. Therefore, the output pin 5c rotates the diaphragm blade 23 in the clockwise direction and enters the opening 21a. The diaphragm blades 23 are stopped when the center of the opening 23a coincides with the center of the opening 21a of the main plate 21, and photographing is performed immediately thereafter. When shooting is completed, the coil 8 is energized in the opposite direction to the previous direction, so the rotor 5 is rotated clockwise, and the aperture blade 23 is rotated counterclockwise by the output pin 5c. Retreat from the opening 21a. Then, after the diaphragm blade 23 is completely retracted from the opening 21a, when the power supply to the coil 8 is cut off, the state shown in FIG. 4 is restored.

  This configuration example is an example in which the electromagnetic actuator of the present embodiment is employed as a drive source of the diaphragm device, but if an ND filter sheet covering the opening 23a is attached to the diaphragm blade 23 of this diaphragm device, the camera It becomes the filter device for. Therefore, the electromagnetic actuator of the present embodiment can be used as a drive source for the filter device.

It is sectional drawing which shows the electromagnetic actuator of an Example. It is a disassembled perspective view of an Example. It is the top view which showed the state which employ | adopted the electromagnetic actuator of the Example for the shutter apparatus for cameras. It is the top view which showed the state which employ | adopted the electromagnetic actuator of the Example for the diaphragm | throttle device for cameras.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st stator frame 1a Cylindrical part 1a-1 Thick part 1a-2 Notch 1a-3 Positioning pin 1b Closure wall 1b-1, 5a-1, 5a-2, 6a Recessed part 1c, 2b Groove 2 Second 2 Stator frame 2a, 2c, 2d, 11b, 21b Hole 3, 4 Ball 5 Rotor 5a Rotating shaft portion 5b Arm portion 5c Output pin 5d Permanent magnet 6 Floating member 6b Shaft portion 7 Magnetic body member 8 Coil 9 Yoke 11, 21 Ground plate 11a, 21a, 23a Opening 11c, 21c Blade mounting shaft 12, 22 Screw 13 Shutter blade 13a, 23b Long hole 23 Diaphragm blade

Claims (5)

A storage chamber is provided between the first stator frame having a cylindrical portion and a blocking wall that closes one end of the cylindrical portion, and the other end of the cylindrical portion and the first stator frame. A second stator frame, a rotor having a substantially columnar shape, at least a circumferential portion made of a permanent magnet and having a rotation axis perpendicular to the blocking wall and disposed in the housing chamber; and the blocking At least one coil wound in a series of concave grooves formed around the outer periphery of the two stator frames through a substantially central portion of the wall, and integrated with the rotor and extended out of the storage chamber. In an electromagnetic actuator comprising: at least one output pin formed so as to be parallel to the rotation axis; and a yoke that is cylindrical and is fitted to the outside of the first stator frame.
In the rotor, one end of the rotating shaft is pivotally supported with respect to the closing wall via a first ball, and the other end of the rotating shaft is inserted into the hole of the second stator frame. The one end of the rotating shaft is supported by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet that is pivotally supported via a second ball with respect to the floating member that is assembled so as to be movable in the direction. The electromagnetic wave characterized by being pressed against a ball, wherein the floating member is a magnetic body, attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and presses the second ball against the other end of the rotating shaft. Actuator.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the hole is a circular hole, and the floating member is assembled to the circular hole so as to be rotatable.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic member is integrated with the floating member, and the floating member is made of a non-magnetic material.   The floating member and the magnetic member are separate, and the floating member is pressed by the magnetic member that is attracted by the attractive force of the permanent magnet and presses the second ball against the rotor. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 3, wherein the electromagnetic actuator is provided.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the two balls are made of a nonmagnetic material.

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