JP5062740B2 - Separation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a device that cuts and separates a structure having a cylindrical hollow portion at the hollow portion, for example, a separation device that is used for a separation portion of a spacecraft.

  Conventionally, as this type of separation device, for example, there has been a device that separates a rocket by cutting an interstage portion or the like with a shaped explosive wire (Non-patent Document 1). A shaped explosive wire is a linear pyrotechnic with a sheath loaded with explosives, and has a V-shaped groove on one side of its cross-section that gives a Neumann effect, and concentrates explosive energy in the groove. A material to be cut is cut (Non-Patent Document 2).

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional separation device used in an interstage portion of a rocket. The separator shown in FIG. 5 (a) attaches a shaped explosive wire 102 along the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical joint 101 that connects the upper and lower rockets, and is attached to both ends of the shaped explosive wire 102. The detonation cartridges 103 and 103 are connected, and each cartridge 103 and 103 is connected to an ignition device (not shown).

  Here, for convenience of connection to the cartridge 103, the shaped explosive wire 102 has a structure without a groove in a predetermined range of the end portion, and the end portion cannot be cut. Therefore, in the conventional separation device, the joint 101 is formed with the hole 104 corresponding to the range including the both end portions of the shaped explosive wire 102, that is, the uncut portion, and both ends of the shaped explosive wire 102 within the region of the hole 104. The part is arranged.

As a result, when the formed explosive wire 102 is operated, the separating device cuts the joint 101, and the cut portion by the formed explosive wire 102 and the hole 104 portion are connected as shown in FIG. Will be separated, and the upper and lower parts of the rocket will be separated.
NASA TMX-1607 “PYROTECHNIC SHAPED CHARGE SEPARATION SYSTEMS FOR AEROSPACEVEHICLES” p. 32-34 Japan Industrial Explosives Association data editorial department "industrial explosives" April 10, 1985, p. 419, p. 423

  However, in the conventional separation apparatus as described above, the hole formed in the workpiece (joint) needs to be sufficiently large so as to correspond to the range including the uncut portion of the shaped explosive wire. However, a decrease in mechanical strength is inevitable at the hole. For this reason, the conventional separation apparatus has a problem that it is difficult to apply to a relatively small-sized workpiece or a workpiece subjected to a large load, and it is an issue to solve such a problem. there were.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and is an apparatus that cuts and separates a structure having a cylindrical hollow portion at the hollow portion, and reduces the mechanical strength of the hollow portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a separation apparatus that can be minimized and can be sufficiently applied to a hollow portion having a relatively small size or a hollow portion that receives a large load.

The separation device of the present invention is a device that cuts and separates a structure having a cylindrical hollow portion at the hollow portion, and attaches at least one shaped explosive wire to the hollow portion over the entire circumference, The ends of the shaped explosive wire overlap each other in the axial direction of the hollow portion, and the shaped explosive wire has a severable portion between the uncuttable portions at both ends, and can be cut into the axial polymerization range in the hollow portion. The hollow portion includes a cut portion that intersects the cuttable portion of the polymerization range of the shaped explosive wire, and the above configuration is a means for solving the conventional problems.

  In the above configuration, the structure may be any structure as long as at least the separation portion is a cylindrical hollow portion, and other configurations are not limited, and the outer plate of the rocket or spacecraft The whole may correspond to a cylindrical hollow portion such as a connecting brace (post).

  Further, the shaped explosive wire is a linear pyrotechnic having a V-shaped groove that brings about the Neumann effect, and for the purpose of connecting the cartridge for initiation, an uncut portion having no groove is provided in a predetermined range of the end portion. May have. In this case, when the ends of the formed explosive wire are overlapped with each other in the axial direction of the hollow portion, the cut portion and the cut are crossed so that the overlapping range includes a grooved portion, that is, a cuttable portion. .

The separation apparatus according to the present invention employs the above-described configuration, thereby minimizing the decrease in the mechanical strength of the hollow part in the apparatus for cutting and separating the structure having the cylindrical hollow part at the hollow part. can der Rutotomoni, by connecting the cutting part and cut by shaped charge line, the hollow portion can be cut and separated over the entire circumference, also in the hollow portion which receives the hollow part and a large load of relatively small size It can be applied sufficiently.

In addition, the separation device, in particular, overlaps the cut portion of the formed explosive wire including the severable portion in the axial direction of the hollow portion, so that the cut is formed along the axial direction of the hollow portion. As a result, the decrease in the mechanical strength of the hollow portion can be further reduced, and this is very effective for the disconnected portion of the spacecraft.

  1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining an embodiment of the separation apparatus of the present invention. The separation device shown in FIG. 1A is a device that cuts and separates a structure M having a cylindrical hollow portion A at the hollow portion A, and in this embodiment, the hollow portion A having a circular cross section. In addition, a single shaped explosive wire 1 is wound around the entire circumference, and the cartridges 2 and 2 for initiation are connected to both ends of the shaped explosive wire 1, and each cartridge 2 and 2 is connected to an ignition device (not shown). is doing.

  The shaped explosive wire 1 is a conventionally known linear pyrotechnic in which an explosive is loaded in a sheath. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), a shaped explosive wire 1 has a V-shaped groove 3 that provides a Neumann effect on one side of a cross section. Then, the groove 3 is attached in a state facing the outer peripheral surface of the hollow portion A. Further, for the convenience of connecting the cartridge 2, the shaped explosive wire 1 has a non-cuttable portion 1 </ b> A having no groove 3 in a predetermined range at both ends, and the other portion is a cuttable portion 1 </ b> B having the groove 3. is there.

  The separating device sets the length of the shaped explosive wire 1 to be larger than the circumferential length of the hollow portion A, and when the shaped explosive wire 1 is attached to the hollow portion A in a spiral shape, The ends 4 overlap with each other in the axial direction of the hollow portion A, and the hollow 4 is provided with a cut 4 that intersects both end portions of the shaped explosive wire 1. Further, in this embodiment, the cut 4 is a long hole that is long in the axial direction of the hollow portion A and rounded at both ends.

  Further, in the separation device, the ends of the shaped explosive wire 1 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined distance in the axial direction of the hollow portion A, and the cuttable portion 1B having the groove 3 is included in the polymerization range. Thus, the cuttable portions 1B and 1B on both sides are always configured to be on the cut 4.

  In the separation apparatus having the above-described configuration, when the shaped explosive wire 1 is detonated with the cartridge 2, the explosive energy concentrates in the groove 3 and cuts the hollow portion A. As shown in FIG. The cut part by and the cut 4 are connected, and the hollow part A is cut and separated over the entire circumference.

  Thus, the separation device of the present invention eliminates the need for a hole of the conventional separation device (see FIG. 5), that is, a large hole corresponding to the range including the uncut portion of the shaped explosive wire. Since it is only necessary to provide a cut 4 that intersects both end portions of the shaped explosive wire 1, it is possible to minimize the decrease in the mechanical strength of the hollow portion A, and the relatively small size hollow portion A or large It can fully be applied to the hollow portion A that receives a load.

  Further, in the separation device of the present invention, the slit 4 provided in the hollow portion A is effective for separation even if it has a thin slit shape, but the slit 4 is arranged in the axial direction of the hollow portion A as in the above embodiment. If the hole is long and rounded at both ends, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the cut 4 becomes a crack generation source even when an external force is applied, which is advantageous in terms of strength.

  By the way, as a separator, the structure which makes the cut | interruption 4 cross | intersect at the both ends of the shaping | molding explosive wire 1 makes the ends of shaping | molding explosive wires space apart in the circumferential direction like the conventional separation device (refer FIG. 5). Even if it exists, it is possible to provide the cut | interruption which cross | intersects both ends continuously. However, in this case, a part of the cut is formed in the circumferential direction of the hollow portion A, and such a circumferential cut is very weak to the load in the bending direction with respect to the axis, and substantially Adoption is difficult.

  On the other hand, since the separation device of the present invention overlaps the ends 4 of the shaped explosive wire 1 in the axial direction of the hollow portion A and intersects the cut 4, the cut 4 is formed along the axial direction of the hollow A. Will be. For this reason, in the said separation apparatus, the fall of the mechanical strength of the hollow part A can be made smaller. Therefore, it becomes very effective for the separation part of the spacecraft.

  3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining another embodiment of the separation apparatus of the present invention. Note that the same parts as those of the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The separation device shown in FIG. 3 includes a cylindrical holding body 10 that is coaxially mounted on the hollow portion A, and the holding body 10 includes a slit 11 that mounts the shaped explosive wire 1. The shaped explosive wire 1 is attached via a holding body 10.

  As explained in the previous embodiment, the shaped explosive wire 1 is attached in a state where the ends overlap with each other in the axial direction of the hollow body A. Accordingly, the slit 11 of the holding body 10 has a spiral shape. The ends are overlapped with each other in the axial direction of the holding body 10, and the shaped explosive wire 1 is attached as shown in FIG. 4 (a).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the slit 11 of the holding body 10 is open to the inside and outside of the holding body 10, and has a step portion 11a for mounting the shaped explosive wire 1, thereby The inner opening width is smaller than the outer opening width, and the groove 3 of the shaped explosive wire 1 is opposed to the inner side (hollow body A side) through the inner opening portion. The slit 11 has a depth from the outer open portion to the step portion 11a so that the entire formed explosive wire 1 can enter.

  In the above separating apparatus, after the shaped explosive wire 1 is attached to the holding body 10, the holding body 10 is fitted into the hollow portion A. At this time, the cut 4 formed in advance in the hollow portion A and both ends of the shaped explosive wire 1 are fitted. Position the parts so that they intersect. And by the action | operation of the shaping | molding explosive wire 1, the hollow part A can be cut | disconnected and isolate | separated similarly to previous embodiment.

  In the above separating apparatus, since the holding body 10 functions as a jig for the shaped explosive wire 1, it is very easy to bend the shaped explosive wire 1 and to hold it after processing. Since the attachment is completed simply by combining, the handling property and assembly workability of the shaped explosive wire 1 can be remarkably improved. In addition, since the entire formed explosive wire 1 is embedded in the slit 11 of the holding body 10, even if one end of the formed explosive wire 1 has an explosion different from the explosion that causes the Neumann effect, The other end can be protected.

  The configuration of the separation apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and details of the configuration can be changed as appropriate. In addition, the separation device can be applied to various structures in which the separation portion is a cylindrical hollow portion, and the hollow portion may have any cross-sectional shape. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where the shaped explosive wire is attached to the outer periphery of the hollow body is exemplified, but the shaped explosive wire is attached to the inner periphery of the hollow body according to the size of the hollow body and the internal configuration. It is also possible.

  Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the case where a single shaped explosive wire is used has been exemplified. However, the separation apparatus of the present invention can use a plurality of shaped explosive wires, and in this case, a plurality of formed explosive wires. The explosive wires are sequentially arranged so as to extend over the entire circumference of the hollow portion, and the ends of the adjacent formed explosive wires are overlapped with each other in the axial direction of the hollow portion so that the cuts intersect each end portion. Therefore, depending on the number of shaped explosive wires, overlapping portions and cuts between the end portions are provided.

It is the perspective view (a) explaining one Embodiment of the separation apparatus of this invention, and sectional drawing (b) of a shaped explosive wire part. It is a perspective view explaining the separated state. It is a disassembled perspective view explaining other embodiment of the separation apparatus of this invention. It is the perspective view (a) explaining the state which mounted | wore the holding body in the hollow part, and sectional drawing (b) of a shaping | molding explosive wire part. It is the perspective view (b) explaining the perspective view (a) explaining the conventional separation apparatus, and the state after isolation | separation.

Explanation of symbols

A Hollow part M Structure 1 Molding explosive wire 4 Cut 10 Holding body 11 Slit

Claims (3)

An apparatus for cutting and separating a structure having a cylindrical hollow portion at the hollow portion, and at least one formed explosive wire is attached to the hollow portion over the entire circumference, and ends of the formed explosive wires are connected to each other. In a state of overlapping in the axial direction of the hollow portion,
The shaped explosive wire has a cleavable portion between the uncut portions at both ends, and includes a cleavable portion in the axial polymerization range in the hollow portion,
A separation device characterized in that a cut is provided in a hollow portion that intersects a cuttable portion of the polymerization range of a shaped explosive wire.   The separation device according to claim 1, wherein the cut is a long hole that is long in the axial direction of the hollow portion and rounded at both ends.   A holding body that is coaxially mounted to the hollow portion, the holding body includes a slit for mounting a shaped explosive wire, and the shaped explosive wire is attached to the hollow portion via the holding body. Item 3. The separation device according to Item 1 or 2.

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