JP5061584B2 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used in a cooling device such as a cooling / heating air conditioner or a refrigerator, or a heat pump type hot water supply device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, scroll compressors used in refrigeration air conditioners and refrigerators generally form a compression chamber between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll in which the spiral wrap rises from the end plate, and the orbiting scroll is rotated by a rotation restraint mechanism. When it is swung along a circular orbit under the constraint of the above, the compression chamber moves while changing its volume, thereby performing suction, compression and discharge. An annular seal member is disposed on the rear surface of the orbiting scroll, and is partitioned into an inner high pressure region and an outer back pressure chamber by the seal member. Lubricating oil is supplied to the back pressure chamber and a predetermined back pressure is applied. This prevents the so-called rollover phenomenon that the orbiting scroll leaves the fixed scroll. This lubricating oil is sucked up by the oil pump from the oil reservoir of the lower shell, passes through the inside of the shaft, and reaches the inside of the boss portion of the orbiting scroll. Thereafter, the bearing portion of the orbiting scroll is lubricated and supplied to the back pressure chamber through an oil supply path provided in the orbiting scroll. The oil supplied to the back pressure chamber is sent to the suction chamber through a back pressure adjusting mechanism provided in the fixed scroll, and the back pressure chamber is held at a predetermined set pressure by this mechanism. If the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber is too large, the amount of oil fed into the suction chamber also increases, causing suction heating, oil compression, and an increase in viscosity loss, resulting in performance degradation. On the other hand, if the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber is too small, not only the predetermined back pressure cannot be applied, but also the lubrication of the rotation restraint mechanism and the seal of the compression chamber are insufficient. Therefore, in order to realize an appropriate oil supply amount, there is a system as shown in Patent Document 1.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a compression mechanism portion of a conventional scroll compressor described in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. 8, the oil that has reached the inside of the boss portion of the orbiting scroll 102 through the inside of the shaft 101 lubricates the bearing portion 103 of the orbiting scroll and passes through an oil supply path 104 provided in the orbiting scroll 102. The back pressure chamber 105 is supplied. The inlet portion 104 a of the oil supply path reciprocates the annular seal member 106 disposed on the back surface of the orbiting scroll 102 and opens intermittently in the high pressure region 107. As a result, an appropriate amount of oil can be supplied to the back pressure chamber 105.
JP 2004-19499 A

  In the conventional configuration, oil flows due to the differential pressure and is supplied to the back pressure chamber 105 only when the inlet 104 a is open to the high pressure region 107. The seal member 106 is attached to the outer wall by a differential pressure in an annular mounting groove. Therefore, the time during which the inlet portion 104 a is open to the high pressure region 107, that is, the oil supply time to the back pressure chamber 105 depends on the inner diameter of the seal member 106. The seal member 106 is a resin molded product, and there is a limit to the finishing accuracy. That is, in each compressor, since the inner diameter dimension of the seal member 106 is different, the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber 105 is also different, and as a result, there is a problem that the variation in performance becomes large.

As an alternative to intermittent lubrication, when the outlet 104b of the oil supply path 104 straddles the seal member 106, the oil flows only due to the differential pressure when the outlet 104b is open to the back pressure chamber 105. The oil that has exited from the outlet 104 b passes through the gap between the back surface of the orbiting scroll 102 and the main bearing member 108 and is supplied to the back pressure chamber 105. In this refueling system, the back pressure chamber 10
The amount of oil supply 5 depends on the gap between the back surface of the orbiting scroll 102 and the main bearing member 108 in addition to the time during which the outlet 104b is open to the back pressure chamber 105. That is, in each compressor, since the assembly gaps are different, the amount of oil supply is also different, and as a result, there is a problem that the variation in performance becomes large as described above.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and by forming the outlet portion of the oil supply path on the fixed scroll side, the performance of the seal member is improved regardless of the finishing accuracy of the seal member or the assembly dimensions of the orbiting scroll and the main bearing member. Since individual differences can be suppressed as much as possible, an object is to provide a scroll compressor with little performance variation.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the scroll compressor according to the present invention forms a compression chamber between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll in which the spiral wrap rises from the end plate, and forms an annular ring on the back of the orbiting scroll. A sealing member is arranged, and the sealing member divides the inner high pressure region and the outer back pressure chamber into contact with each other by applying a certain intermediate pressure to the back pressure chamber to bring the orbiting scroll into contact with the fixed scroll and rotating to the back of the orbiting scroll. By providing the restraining mechanism, the orbiting scroll orbits along a circular orbit, whereby the compression chamber moves toward the center while changing the volume, and in the scroll compressor that performs a series of operations of suction, compression, and discharge, Provide an oil supply path that communicates from the high-pressure area on the back of the orbiting scroll to the wrap surface of the orbiting scroll end plate, and the wrap surface of the fixed scroll A recess opening outlet, the opening outlet recess and opening the outlet portion of the fuel supply path is one that was communicated.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to suppress individual differences in performance as much as possible regardless of the finishing accuracy of the seal member or the assembly dimensions of the orbiting scroll and the main bearing member, and thus a scroll compressor with less performance variation is provided. be able to.

  The scroll compressor of the present invention can suppress individual differences in performance as much as possible regardless of the finishing accuracy of the seal member or the assembly dimensions of the orbiting scroll and the main bearing member. Can be provided.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll where the spiral wrap rises from the end plate are meshed to form a compression chamber therebetween, and an annular seal member is disposed on the back of the orbiting scroll, and the seal member The inner scroll is divided into an inner high pressure region and an outer back pressure chamber by applying a certain intermediate pressure to the back pressure chamber so that the orbiting scroll comes into contact with the fixed scroll, and a rotating restraint mechanism is provided on the back of the orbiting scroll. In a scroll compressor that performs a series of suction, compression, and discharge operations, the scroll moves in a circular path, and the compression chamber moves toward the center while changing the volume. An oil supply path that communicates with the wrap surface of the scroll end plate is provided, and an opening outlet recess is formed on the wrap surface of the fixed scroll. Opening the outlet portion and opening the outlet recess in is one that was communicated. According to this configuration, since the outlet portion of the oil supply path is formed on the fixed scroll side, individual differences in performance can be suppressed as much as possible regardless of the finishing accuracy of the seal member or the assembly dimensions of the orbiting scroll and the main bearing member. Therefore, it is possible to provide a scroll compressor with little performance variation.

In the second aspect of the present invention, in particular, the opening outlet portion of the oil supply path according to the first aspect and the concave portion for the opening outlet are in intermittent communication. In addition, according to this configuration, the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber can be adjusted appropriately, and as a result, the amount of oil fed into the suction chamber can also be adjusted, thereby suppressing suction heating and oil compression of the refrigerant. However, an optimal amount of oil sufficient for stabilizing the back pressure and lubricating the sliding portion can be supplied.

  In the third aspect of the present invention, in particular, the oil supply path according to the first or second aspect extends from the inside of the boss portion on the back of the orbiting scroll to the lapping surface through the inside of the orbiting scroll end plate. And according to this structure, a process is easy and can make a high pressure area | region and a back pressure chamber communicate reliably.

  In the present invention described in claim 4, in particular, a throttle portion is provided in a part of the oil supply path according to any one of claims 1 to 3. According to this configuration, in addition to intermittently supplying oil, the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber can be adjusted appropriately, and as a result, the amount of oil fed into the suction chamber can also be adjusted. Thus, an optimal amount of oil sufficient for stabilizing the back pressure and lubricating the sliding portion can be supplied while suppressing the suction heating of the refrigerant and the oil compression.

  In the fifth aspect of the present invention, in particular, the opening exit recess according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is formed to the outside of the turning trajectory of the orbiting scroll end plate. According to this configuration, the opening outlet recess formed in the fixed scroll communicates with the back pressure chamber, and the oil supplied from the oil supply path of the orbiting scroll is reliably supplied to the back pressure chamber. That is, the rotation restraint mechanism can be lubricated and a stable back pressure can be maintained.

  In the present invention described in claim 6, particularly in the scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, an outer peripheral recess is formed on the wrap surface of the fixed scroll and communicated with the opening outlet recess. is there. According to this configuration, since the opening outlet portion of the oil supply path communicates with the back pressure chamber over the entire circumference of the orbiting scroll, the oil supply to the back pressure chamber is performed quickly, and the oil supply generated at the time of startup or the like The problem of delay can be solved.

  In the present invention described in claim 7, particularly in the scroll compressor according to claim 6, as a back pressure adjusting mechanism for maintaining the back pressure chamber at a constant intermediate pressure, a communication hole connecting the back pressure chamber and the lap groove is fixed. It is provided inside the scroll and is formed so that the communication hole faces the outer peripheral recess. And according to this structure, since the communicating hole has always faced the back pressure chamber, the fluctuation | variation with respect to a setting pressure can be suppressed.

  In the present invention described in claim 8, particularly in the outer periphery recess according to claim 7, the outer periphery recess is formed so as to connect only the section in the anti-turning direction of the orbiting scroll from the opening outlet recess to the communication hole. Is. And according to this structure, it can prevent that the oil supplied from the recessed part for opening exits is guide | induced to the back pressure adjustment mechanism directly with the turning motion of a turning scroll. That is, the oil spreads over the entire back pressure chamber, and the rotation restraint mechanism can be sufficiently lubricated.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, particularly in the scroll compressor according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, the working fluid is a high-pressure refrigerant, for example, carbon dioxide. In this case, the difference between the high pressure and the low pressure is particularly large, and the load applied to the anti-wrap surface of the orbiting scroll is also increased. Therefore, the effect of the present invention appears remarkably, and the scroll compressor that achieves both high efficiency and high reliability. Can be realized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the compression mechanism part. The configuration, operation, and operation of the scroll compressor configured as shown in the figure will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the scroll compressor of the present invention includes a main bearing member 11 of a crankshaft 4 fixed by welding or shrink fitting in an airtight container 1, and a fixed bolted on the main bearing member 11. The scroll-type compression mechanism 2 is configured by sandwiching the orbiting scroll 13 that meshes with the fixed scroll 12 between the scroll 12 and the rotation of the orbiting scroll 13 between the orbiting scroll 13 and the main bearing member 11 is prevented. A rotation restraint mechanism 14 such as an Oldham ring that guides the orbital motion is provided, and the orbiting scroll 13 is eccentrically driven by the eccentric shaft portion 4a at the upper end of the crankshaft 4, thereby causing the orbiting scroll 13 to move in a circular orbit. Thereby, the compression chamber 15 formed between the fixed scroll 12 and the orbiting scroll 13 is small while moving from the outer peripheral side to the center portion. The refrigerant gas is sucked and compressed from the suction pipe 16 communicating with the outside of the hermetic container 1 and the suction port 17 on the outer peripheral portion of the fixed scroll 12, and the refrigerant gas exceeding the predetermined pressure is fixed. The reed valve 19 is pushed open from the discharge port 18 at the center of the scroll 12 and discharged into the sealed container 1 repeatedly.

  On the back surface 13e of the orbiting scroll 13, there is an annular seal member 78 disposed on the main bearing member 11, and the seal member 78 performs an orbiting motion and the high pressure region 30 that is the inner region of the seal member 78 and the outer side. It is partitioned into a back pressure chamber 29 set to a high pressure and a low intermediate pressure, which are regions. By applying pressure on the back surface 13e, the orbiting scroll 13 is stably pressed against the fixed scroll 12, and leakage can be reduced and the circular orbit motion can be stably performed.

  Further, the fixed scroll 12 is provided with a back pressure adjusting mechanism 9 for controlling the back pressure chamber 29 on the back surface 13e of the orbiting scroll 13 so as to always have a constant pressure.

  During operation of the compressor, a pump 25 is provided at the other downward end of the crankshaft 4 and is driven simultaneously with the scroll compressor. As a result, the pump 25 sucks up the oil 6 in the oil reservoir 20 provided at the bottom of the hermetic container 1 and supplies it to the compression mechanism 2 through the oil supply hole 26 extending vertically through the crankshaft 4. The supply pressure at this time is substantially equal to the discharge pressure of the scroll compressor, and also serves as a back pressure source for the orbiting scroll 13. As a result, the orbiting scroll 13 does not move away from the fixed scroll 12 and does not come into contact with each other, and the predetermined compression function is stably exhibited.

  A part of the oil 6 supplied in this way is obtained by a supply pressure or its own weight so as to obtain a clearance, between the fitting portion between the eccentric shaft portion 4a and the orbiting scroll 13, and between the crankshaft 4 and the main bearing member 11. Then, the oil enters the bearing portion 66, lubricates the respective portions, falls, and returns to the oil sump 20. Another part of the oil 6 supplied to the high-pressure region 30 passes through an oil supply passage 54 having an opening in the high-pressure region 30, is around the outer peripheral portion of the orbiting scroll 13, and the rotation restraint mechanism 14 is located. Along with entering the pressure chamber 29 and lubricating the thrust sliding portion and the sliding portion of the rotation restraining mechanism 14, the back pressure of the orbiting scroll 13 is applied in the back pressure chamber 29.

  The back pressure chamber 29 is sealed between the high pressure region 30 and the high pressure side by an annular sealing member 78, and the pressure increases as the incoming oil fills up. 9 acts to return and enter the suction portion of the compression chamber 15.

The approach of the oil 6 is repeated at a predetermined cycle, and the timing of this repetition is determined by a combination of the relationship between the repeated cycle of suction, compression, and discharge and the pressure setting in the back pressure adjusting mechanism 9, Intentional lubrication of the sliding portion with the scroll 13 is achieved. This intentional lubrication is always guaranteed by the back pressure adjusting mechanism 9 opening the recess 10a of the communication path 10 as described above. The oil 6 supplied to the suction port 17 moves to the compression chamber 15 along with the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll 13 and serves to prevent leakage between the compression chambers 15.

  In the scroll compressor of the present embodiment, an oil supply path 54 is provided that communicates from the high pressure region 30 on the back surface 13e of the orbiting scroll 13 to the wrap surface 13b of the end plate 13a of the orbiting scroll 13, and an opening is provided on the lap surface 12b of the fixed scroll 12. The outlet recess 12h is formed, and the opening outlet portion 54b of the oil supply path 54 and the opening outlet recess 12h are communicated with each other. By forming the outlet portion of the oil supply path 54 not on the back surface 13e of the orbiting scroll 13 but on the fixed scroll 12, the performance of the seal member 78 or the assembly dimensions of the orbiting scroll 13 and the main bearing member 11 can be improved. Since individual differences can be suppressed as much as possible, a scroll compressor with little variation in performance can be provided.

  Further, the oil supply path 54 is preferably guided from the inside of the boss portion of the orbiting scroll 13 to the wrap surface 13b through the inside of the end plate 13a of the orbiting scroll 13. In this case, the processing of the oil supply path 54 is easy and the high pressure region 30 and the back pressure chamber 29 can be reliably communicated.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fixed scroll 12 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. An opening outlet recess 12h is formed in the lap surface 12b of the fixed scroll 12, and the oil is supplied to the back pressure chamber 29 through communication between the opening outlet portion 54b of the oil supply path 54 and the opening outlet recess 12h. The opening outlet portion 54b and the opening outlet recess 12h are formed so as to communicate intermittently. Specifically, the turning motion of the turning scroll 13 is used to communicate only a certain section in one rotation. As a result, the amount of oil supplied to the back pressure chamber 29 can be adjusted moderately. As a result, the amount of oil fed into the suction chamber 29 can also be adjusted, while suppressing the suction heating and oil compression of the refrigerant. In addition, an optimal amount of oil sufficient for back pressure stabilization and sliding portion lubrication can be supplied.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the orbiting scroll 13 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. By providing the throttle portion 57 in a part of the oil supply path 54, in addition to intermittently supplying oil, the oil supply amount to the back pressure chamber 29 can be adjusted appropriately. The amount of oil fed into the oil can be adjusted, and an optimal amount of oil sufficient for stabilizing the back pressure and lubricating the sliding portion can be supplied while suppressing the suction heating and oil compression of the refrigerant.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the fixed scroll 12 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the same components as those in FIG. The opening exit recess 12 h of the fixed scroll 12 is formed to the outside of the turning locus 13 l of the end plate 13 a of the turning scroll 13. Accordingly, the opening outlet recess 12 h formed in the fixed scroll 12 and the back pressure chamber 29 are always in communication, and the oil supplied from the oil supply path 54 of the orbiting scroll 13 is reliably supplied to the back pressure chamber 29. That is, the rotation restraint mechanism 14 can be lubricated and a stable back pressure can be maintained.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the fixed scroll 12 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG. An outer peripheral recess 12i is formed on the lap surface 12b of the fixed scroll 12 and communicates with the opening outlet recess 12h. As a result, the opening outlet portion 54b of the oil supply path 54 communicates with the back pressure chamber 29 over the entire circumference of the orbiting scroll 13, so that the back pressure chamber 29 is quickly supplied with oil and is generated at the time of startup or the like. The problem of oiling delay can be solved.

  The recess 10a of the back pressure adjusting mechanism 9 that maintains the back pressure chamber 29 at a constant intermediate pressure is formed so as to face the outer periphery recess 12i. Thereby, since the communicating path 10 of the back pressure adjusting mechanism 9 always faces the back pressure chamber 29, fluctuations with respect to the set pressure can be suppressed.

(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the fixed scroll 12 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIGS. 3 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the outer peripheral recess 12 i of the fixed scroll 12, the outer peripheral recess 12 i is formed so as to connect only the section in the counter-turning direction of the orbiting scroll 13 from the opening outlet recess 12 h to the communication hole 10 of the back pressure adjusting mechanism 9. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the oil supplied from the opening exit recess 12 i from being directly guided to the communication path 10 of the back pressure adjusting mechanism 9 along with the orbiting movement of the orbiting scroll 13. That is, the oil spreads over the entire back pressure chamber 29 and the rotation restraint mechanism 9 can be sufficiently lubricated.

  Finally, when the working fluid is a high-pressure refrigerant, such as carbon dioxide, the difference between high and low pressure is particularly large, and the amount of oil supply varies greatly depending on conditions. In the conventional configuration, the oil supply amount is significantly changed due to the breakage or creep of the seal member 78, which greatly affects the performance and reliability. However, in the present invention, as described above, oil is supplied to the opening exit recess 12h formed on the lap surface 12b of the fixed scroll 12, so that the seal member 78 can be prevented from being damaged. In addition, when creep occurs, a stable oil amount can be supplied, so that it is possible to realize a scroll compressor that achieves both stable performance and high reliability.

  As described above, the scroll compressor according to the present invention can suppress individual differences in performance as much as possible regardless of the finishing accuracy of the seal member or the assembly dimensions of the orbiting scroll and the main bearing member. Is not limited to a refrigerant, and can also be applied to scroll fluid machinery applications such as an air scroll compressor, a vacuum pump, and a scroll expander.

Sectional drawing of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention The principal part expanded sectional view of the compression mechanism part of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention The top view of the fixed scroll of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 2 of this invention Sectional drawing of the turning scroll of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 3 of this invention The top view of the fixed scroll of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 4 of this invention The top view of the fixed scroll of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 5 of this invention The top view of the fixed scroll of the scroll compressor in Embodiment 6 of this invention Sectional view of the compression mechanism of a conventional scroll compressor

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Back pressure adjustment mechanism 10 Communication path 12 Fixed scroll 12a End plate 12b Lap surface 12h Opening recessed part 12i Outer periphery recessed part 13 Orbiting scroll 13a End plate 13b Wrap surface 13e Back surface 13l End plate turning locus 14 Rotation restraint mechanism 15 Compression chamber 29 Back pressure chamber 30 High Pressure Region 54 Oil Supply Path 54 Opening Exit Portion 57 Restriction 78 Seal Member

Claims (3)

A compression scroll is formed between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll where the spiral wrap rises from the end plate, and an annular seal member is disposed on the back of the orbiting scroll. The orbiting scroll is circularly provided by partitioning it into a back pressure chamber, applying a constant intermediate pressure to the back pressure chamber, bringing the orbiting scroll into contact with the fixed scroll, and providing a rotation restraining mechanism on the back of the orbiting scroll. Swirling along the trajectory, the compression chamber moves toward the center while changing the volume, and performs a series of operations of suction, compression, discharge,
An oil supply path that communicates from the high-pressure region on the back of the orbiting scroll to the lap surface of the orbiting scroll end plate is provided, and an opening outlet recess is formed in the wrap surface of the fixed scroll, and the opening outlet portion and the opening outlet of the oil supply path The concave part for communication is intermittently communicated,
The oil supply path, from the boss portion inside of the orbiting scroll back through the interior of the orbiting scroll end plate, Ri optimum to the lap plane,
A scroll compressor formed by forming an outer peripheral recess in the wrap surface of the fixed scroll and communicating with the recess for the opening exit ,
As a back pressure adjusting mechanism for maintaining the back pressure chamber at a constant intermediate pressure, a communication hole that connects the back pressure chamber and a lap groove is provided in the fixed scroll, and the communication hole is formed so as to face the outer peripheral recess. Scroll compressor that becomes . From said recess opening outlet up to the communication hole, so as to connect only the anti-turning direction of the section of the scroll, the scroll compressor according to claim 1 comprising forming said outer peripheral recesses. The scroll compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the working fluid is a high-pressure refrigerant, for example, carbon dioxide.