JP5060347B2 - Stretching device - Google Patents

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JP5060347B2
JP5060347B2 JP2008056443A JP2008056443A JP5060347B2 JP 5060347 B2 JP5060347 B2 JP 5060347B2 JP 2008056443 A JP2008056443 A JP 2008056443A JP 2008056443 A JP2008056443 A JP 2008056443A JP 5060347 B2 JP5060347 B2 JP 5060347B2
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stretching
reaction force
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貴 山本
礼三 加藤
一郎 高橋
建二 山澤
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RIKEN Institute of Physical and Chemical Research
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Description

本発明は、試験対象物質片を延伸させる延伸装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a stretching apparatus for stretching a test target material piece.

従来において、脆弱な分子結晶などの物質に対して力を作用させると、その伝導性、磁性、光学特性、結晶構造など諸物性に大きな変化が観測されることがある。これらの物性変化は、分子がファンデスワールス力や水素結合といった、弱い相互作用にて凝縮しているため、応力に敏感であることを示している。   Conventionally, when a force is applied to a substance such as a fragile molecular crystal, a large change may be observed in various physical properties such as conductivity, magnetism, optical characteristics, and crystal structure. These physical property changes indicate that the molecules are sensitive to stress because they are condensed by weak interactions such as van Desworth forces and hydrogen bonds.

試験対象物質に応力を作用させるために、試験対象物質を圧縮し、または、試験対象物質を延伸させる。   In order to apply stress to the test target substance, the test target substance is compressed or the test target substance is stretched.

脆弱な分子結晶などの試験対象物質を圧縮させる手法は、例えば下記の特許文献１に記載されている。特許文献１では、脆弱結晶を樹脂に埋め込んだ試験体をプレスしている。   A technique for compressing a test target substance such as a fragile molecular crystal is described in Patent Document 1 below, for example. In Patent Document 1, a test body in which a fragile crystal is embedded in a resin is pressed.

一方、脆弱な分子結晶などの試験対象物質を延伸させる手法として、熱収縮率の差を利用するものがある。この手法では、試験対象物質の熱収縮率よりも小さい熱収縮率を持つ基盤を用意する。この基盤に試験対象物質を乗せ、試験対象物質の２箇所を基盤に接着し、この状態で基盤および試験対象物質を冷却する。これにより、熱収縮率の差により試験対象物質が延伸される。   On the other hand, as a technique for stretching a test target substance such as a fragile molecular crystal, there is a technique that utilizes a difference in heat shrinkage rate. In this method, a substrate having a thermal contraction rate smaller than that of the test object substance is prepared. The test substance is placed on this base, and two places of the test target are bonded to the base, and the base and the test target are cooled in this state. Thereby, a test object substance is extended | stretched by the difference in a heat contraction rate.

なお、本願の技術分野に関連する他の先行技術文献として、下記の特許文献２、３がある。
C.E. Campos, J.S. Brooks, P.J.M. van Bentum, J.A.A.J. Perenboom, J.Rook, S.J.Klepper, and M. Tokumoto, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, (1995) page 1061-1064 M. Maesato, Y. Kaga, R. Kondo, and S. Kagoshima, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71, (2000), page 176-181 T.Ishiguro, H.Ito, Y.Nogami, Y.Ueba, and H.Kusuhara, Synth. Met, 41-43, (1991) page 1911-1914 In addition, there are the following Patent Documents 2 and 3 as other prior art documents related to the technical field of the present application.
CE Campos, JS Brooks, PJM van Bentum, JAAJ Perenboom, J. Rook, SJKlepper, and M. Tokumoto, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, (1995) pages 1061-1064 M. Maesato, Y. Kaga, R. Kondo, and S. Kagoshima, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71, (2000), page 176-181 T. Ishiguro, H. Ito, Y. Nogami, Y. Ueba, and H. Kusuhara, Synth. Met, 41-43, (1991) page 1911-1914

試験対象物質を延伸させる場合に、上述のように熱収縮率の差を利用して延伸させると、延伸力の調節が困難となる。
そのため、延伸力の調節を容易にする延伸装置が望まれる。 In the case where the test target substance is stretched, it is difficult to adjust the stretching force if it is stretched using the difference in thermal shrinkage as described above.
Therefore, a stretching apparatus that facilitates adjustment of the stretching force is desired.

また、脆弱な試験対象物質を延伸した場合には、分子間の相互作用を減じることに対応するので、圧縮とは逆行した物性変化、もしくは、圧縮では成し得ない顕著な物性変化を誘発させることが期待できる。従って、延伸により、物性を支配する要因を決定づけることができることに加え、物質の機能性を拡張させることが可能になることも期待できる。
そのため、延伸による様々な物性の変化を計測するのに適しており、しかも、効率よく延伸による物性の変化を計測することが可能になる延伸装置が望まれる。 In addition, when a fragile test substance is stretched, it corresponds to reducing the interaction between molecules, so that a physical property change that is opposite to that of compression or a significant physical property change that cannot be achieved by compression is induced. I can expect that. Therefore, it can be expected that, by stretching, it is possible to determine the factors governing the physical properties, and to expand the functionality of the substance.
Therefore, a stretching apparatus that is suitable for measuring various physical property changes due to stretching and that can efficiently measure physical property changes due to stretching is desired.

さらに、脆弱な試験対象物質を延伸させる場合に、上述のように熱収縮率の差を利用して延伸させると、常温から極低温までの冷却途中で、脆弱な試験対象物質が破断してしまう可能性がある。
そのため、常温から極低温までの冷却途中で脆弱な試験対象物質を破断させない延伸装置が望まれる。 Furthermore, when a fragile test target material is stretched, if it is stretched using the difference in thermal shrinkage as described above, the fragile test target material will break during cooling from room temperature to extremely low temperature. there is a possibility.
Therefore, a stretching apparatus that does not break a fragile test target substance during cooling from room temperature to extremely low temperature is desired.

さらに、極低温下で試験対象物質の延伸特性を試験する場合には、一般的に、冷却用のクライオスタットに延伸装置を挿入させるために、延伸装置を小型化することが望まれる。   Furthermore, when testing the stretching characteristics of a test target substance at a cryogenic temperature, it is generally desired to reduce the size of the stretching device in order to insert the stretching device into a cooling cryostat.

そこで、本発明の目的は、延伸力の調節を容易にすることができる延伸装置を提供することにある。
本発明の別の目的は、延伸による様々な物性の変化を計測するのに適しており、しかも、効率よく延伸による物性の変化を計測することを可能にする延伸装置を提供することにある。
本発明の別の目的は、常温から極低温までの冷却途中で脆弱な試験対象物質を破断させないようにすることにある。
本発明の別の目的は、小型の延伸装置を実現することにある。 Then, the objective of this invention is providing the extending | stretching apparatus which can make adjustment of extending | stretching force easy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a stretching apparatus that is suitable for measuring various physical property changes due to stretching and that can efficiently measure physical property changes due to stretching.
Another object of the present invention is to prevent fragile test target substances from being broken during the cooling from room temperature to extremely low temperatures.
Another object of the present invention is to realize a compact stretching apparatus.

上記本発明の目的を達成するため、本発明によると、試験体の延伸対象部分を第１方向に延伸させる延伸装置であって、
前記試験体は、前記延伸対象部分の第１方向一端部に結合された第１部分と、前記延伸対象部分の第１方向他端部に結合された第２部分と、を有し、
第１部分に対し第１方向に直接または間接的に接触して、第１部分に対し第１方向に延伸力を作用させる第１延伸力作用部と、
第２部分に対し第１方向と逆方向に直接または間接的に接触して、第２部分に対し前記逆方向に延伸力を作用させる第２延伸力作用部と、
第１延伸力作用部が第１部分に作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力に抗して第１延伸力作用部を支持し、第２延伸力作用部が第２部分に作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力に抗して第２延伸力作用部を支持する反作用力受部材と、を備え、
第１延伸力作用部は、第１方向に位置調節可能に前記反作用力受部材に螺合することで前記反作用力受部材に支持され、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、
前記相対距離を第１方向に増すときに、第１延伸力作用部と第１部分とは直接または間接的に接触する位置を変えずに第１方向へ移動し前記延伸力を調節する、ことを特徴とする延伸装置が提供される。 In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, according to the present invention, there is provided a stretching apparatus that stretches the portion to be stretched of the test body in the first direction,
The test body includes a first portion coupled to one end portion in the first direction of the portion to be stretched, and a second portion coupled to the other end portion in the first direction of the portion to be stretched.
A first stretching force acting portion that directly or indirectly contacts the first portion in the first direction and applies a stretching force in the first direction to the first portion;
A second stretching force acting part that directly or indirectly contacts the second part in a direction opposite to the first direction, and that exerts a stretching force in the opposite direction to the second part;
The first stretching force acting part supports the first stretching force acting part against the reaction force of the stretching force acting on the first part, and the second stretching force acting part acts on the second part. A reaction force receiving member that supports the second stretching force acting portion against the reaction force,
First stretching force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by screwing the adjustable position with said reaction force receiving member in the first direction, the first drawing force by adjusting the degree of the screwing Increasing the relative distance between the action part and the second stretching force action part in the first direction,
When the relative distance is increased in the first direction, the first stretching force acting portion and the first portion move in the first direction without changing the position of direct or indirect contact, and adjust the stretching force. Is provided.

上述した本発明の延伸装置では、第１延伸力作用部は、第１方向に位置調節可能に前記反作用力受部材に螺合することで前記反作用力受部材に支持され、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで前記延伸力が調節可能となっているので、延伸力の大きさを容易に調節できる。例えば、螺合に使用されるネジ部の進みを調節するために第１延伸力作用部を反作用力受部材に対して回転させることで、延伸力の大きさを容易に調節できる。   In the above-described stretching apparatus of the present invention, the first stretching force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by being screwed to the reaction force receiving member so that the position of the first stretching force acting portion can be adjusted in the first direction. Since the stretching force can be adjusted by adjusting, the magnitude of the stretching force can be easily adjusted. For example, the magnitude of the stretching force can be easily adjusted by rotating the first stretching force acting portion with respect to the reaction force receiving member in order to adjust the advance of the screw portion used for screwing.

また、以下の（１）〜（３）のように、上述の延伸装置は、延伸による様々な物性の変化を計測するのに適しており、しかも、上述の延伸装置により、効率よく延伸による物性の変化を計測することが可能になる。
（１）延伸対象部分に、試験対象物質片とともに、試験対象物質片の電気抵抗を計測するための電極と配線や、歪みを計測する歪み計なども埋め込むことも可能である。また、磁化率の小さい材料（例えば、エポキシ樹脂やアクリル樹脂）で試験体を形成することで、延伸による磁化率の変化や磁性物質の機能拡張の探索を行える。
（２）試験体を透明な材料（例えば樹脂）で形成することで、光照射下における延伸した状態の試験対象物質片の物性を計測できる。
（３）試験対象物質片を延伸方向に対して任意の方向に配置できるので、試験対象物質片の延伸方向を自由に設定できる。 In addition, as in the following (1) to (3), the above stretching apparatus is suitable for measuring various physical property changes due to stretching, and the physical properties by stretching efficiently by the above stretching apparatus. It becomes possible to measure the change of.
(1) It is also possible to embed an electrode and wiring for measuring the electrical resistance of the test target material piece, a strain meter for measuring strain, and the like, together with the test target material piece, in the stretch target portion. Further, by forming a test body with a material having a low magnetic susceptibility (for example, an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin), it is possible to search for a change in magnetic susceptibility due to stretching or a functional expansion of a magnetic substance.
(2) By forming the test body with a transparent material (for example, resin), the physical properties of the test target substance piece in a stretched state under light irradiation can be measured.
(3) Since the test target substance piece can be arranged in an arbitrary direction with respect to the stretching direction, the stretching direction of the test target substance piece can be freely set.

本発明の好ましい実施形態によると、前記延伸対象部分と前記延伸装置とは、熱収縮率が少なくともほぼ同じ材料で形成されている。   According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drawing target portion and the drawing device are made of a material having at least substantially the same heat shrinkage rate.

このように、前記延伸対象部分と前記延伸装置とは、熱収縮率が少なくともほぼ同じ材料で形成されているので、延伸装置により延伸対象部分を延伸させた状態で、延伸対象部分を室温から極低温まで冷却した場合に、脆弱な試験対象物質片が破断してしまうことや延伸力が低下してしまうことを防止でき、極低温でも延伸の度合いを正確に把握できる。
即ち、室温から極低温まで冷却した場合に、前記延伸対象部分と前記延伸装置とが異なる熱収縮率を持つ場合には、熱収縮率の差により脆弱な試験対象物質片に無理な力が作用して破断が生じる可能性や、熱収縮率の差により延伸力が低下してしまう可能性があるが、熱収縮率をほぼ同じにすることで、この問題を回避できる。また、前記延伸対象部分と前記延伸装置とがほぼ同じ熱収縮率を持つ場合には、延伸の度合いは、室温における延伸対象部分の延伸率と、延伸対象部分の熱収縮率から求めることができる。
例えば、前記延伸対象部分を樹脂でまたは樹脂を主とする材料で形成する場合には、前記延伸装置も、前記延伸対象部分と少なくともほぼ同じ熱収縮率を持つ樹脂でまたは樹脂を主とする材料で形成する。 As described above, since the stretch target portion and the stretching device are formed of materials having at least substantially the same heat shrinkage rate, the stretch target portion is extended from room temperature to the extreme in a state in which the stretch target portion is stretched by the stretching device. When it is cooled to a low temperature, it is possible to prevent the fragile test target material piece from being broken and the drawing force from being reduced, and the degree of drawing can be accurately grasped even at extremely low temperatures.
That is, when the part to be stretched and the stretching apparatus have different heat shrinkage rates when cooled from room temperature to cryogenic temperature, an unreasonable force acts on the fragile test target material pieces due to the difference in heat shrinkage rate. Thus, there is a possibility that breakage may occur or a stretching force may be reduced due to a difference in heat shrinkage rate, but this problem can be avoided by making the heat shrinkage rate substantially the same. Further, when the stretch target part and the stretching apparatus have substantially the same heat shrinkage rate, the degree of stretching can be determined from the stretch rate of the stretch target part at room temperature and the heat shrinkage rate of the stretch target part. .
For example, when the part to be stretched is formed of a resin or a material mainly made of resin, the stretching apparatus is also made of a resin having at least approximately the same thermal shrinkage as the part to be stretched or a material mainly made of resin. Form with.

本発明の好ましい実施形態によると、前記延伸対象部分と前記延伸装置とは、樹脂でまたは樹脂を主とする材料で形成されている。   According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the portion to be stretched and the stretching device are made of a resin or a material mainly composed of a resin.

本発明の好ましい実施形態によると、前記反作用力受部材には前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第１の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部には、前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第２の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に螺合により支持された状態では、第１および第２の挿入孔により第１内部空間が形成され、第１内部空間に前記延伸対象部分を収容可能であり、
第１部分は、第１方向と垂直な断面寸法が前記延伸対象部分より大きく第２の挿入孔以下の第１断面拡大部であり、
前記延伸装置は、前記反作用力を第１断面拡大部から反作用力受部材に伝達する前記第１反作用力伝達部材を備え、
第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に支持され、前記延伸対象部分が第１内部空間に挿入され、かつ、第１反作用力伝達部材が第１延伸力作用部と第１断面拡大部の間に配置された状態で、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、これにより、第１延伸力作用部が第１部分に作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力を、第１断面拡大部から第１反作用力伝達部材および第１延伸力作用部を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達する。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction force receiving member is formed with a first insertion hole into which the stretch target portion can be inserted, and the stretch target portion can be inserted into the first stretch force acting portion. In a state where the second insertion hole is formed and the first extension force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by screwing, a first internal space is formed by the first and second insertion holes. The extension target portion can be accommodated in an internal space,
The first portion is a first cross-sectional enlarged portion whose cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction is larger than the portion to be stretched and is equal to or smaller than the second insertion hole,
The stretching device includes the first reaction force transmission member that transmits the reaction force from the first cross-sectional enlarged portion to the reaction force receiving member,
The first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are supported by the reaction force receiving member, the stretch target portion is inserted into the first internal space, and the first reaction force transmitting member is the first stretching force acting. The relative distance between the first stretching force acting part and the second stretching force acting part is increased in the first direction by adjusting the degree of screwing in a state of being arranged between the part and the first cross-sectional enlarged part, As a result, the reaction force of the stretching force that the first stretching force acting portion acts on the first portion is received from the first cross-sectional enlarged portion through the first reaction force transmitting member and the first stretching force acting portion. Transmit to the member.

上述の構成では、前記反作用力受部材および第１延伸力作用部には、それぞれ前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第１および第２の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に螺合により支持された状態では、第１および第２の挿入孔により第１内部空間が形成され、第１内部空間に前記延伸対象部分を収容可能であるので、試験体を含めた延伸装置の全体寸法を小さくすることができる。これに関し、極低温まで冷却するためのクライオスタットには、通常、小型のものしか収容できないが、上記構成により小型化された延伸装置をクライオスタットへ収容するのに都合がよい。
この場合に、第１部分は、第１方向と垂直な断面寸法が前記延伸対象部分より大きく第２の挿入孔以下の第１断面拡大部であり、前記延伸装置は、前記反作用力を第１断面拡大部から反作用力受部材に伝達する前記第１反作用力伝達部材を備え、第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に支持され、前記延伸対象部分が第１内部空間に挿入され、かつ、第１反作用力伝達部材が第１延伸力作用部と第１断面拡大部の間に配置された状態で、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、これにより、第１延伸力作用部が第１部分に作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力を、第１断面拡大部から第１反作用力伝達部材および第１延伸力作用部を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達するので、前記反作用力受部材で延伸力の反作用力を支持して延伸対象部分を延伸させることができる。 In the above-described configuration, the reaction force receiving member and the first stretching force acting portion are formed with first and second insertion holes into which the stretching object portion can be inserted, respectively, and the first stretching force acting portion is the reaction. In a state where the force receiving member is supported by screwing, the first internal space is formed by the first and second insertion holes, and the extension target portion can be accommodated in the first internal space. The overall dimensions of the stretching device can be reduced. In this regard, a cryostat for cooling to an extremely low temperature can normally accommodate only a small one, but it is convenient for accommodating a stretching apparatus reduced in size by the above-described configuration in the cryostat.
In this case, the first portion is a first cross-sectional enlarged portion whose cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction is larger than that of the portion to be stretched and is equal to or smaller than the second insertion hole, and the stretching device applies the reaction force to the first portion. The first reaction force transmitting member that transmits the reaction force receiving member to the reaction force receiving member from the cross-sectional enlarged portion is provided, the first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are supported by the reaction force receiving member, and the stretch target portion is the first portion. The first extension by adjusting the degree of screwing in a state where the first reaction force transmission member is inserted between the first internal space and the first reaction force transmission member is disposed between the first extension force action part and the first cross-section enlarged part. The relative distance between the force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion is increased in the first direction, whereby the reaction force of the stretching force that the first stretching force acting portion acts on the first portion is changed to the first cross-sectional enlarged portion. To the reaction force via the first reaction force transmission member and the first stretching force acting part. Since transmitted to members, thereby stretching the stretched target portion supporting the reactive force of the stretching force by the reaction force receiving member.

本発明の好ましい実施形態によると、第２延伸力作用部は、第１方向に位置調節可能に前記反作用力受部材に螺合することで前記反作用力受部材に支持され、当該螺合の度合いを調節することで、前記延伸力が調節可能となっており、
第２延伸力作用部には前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第３の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に螺合により支持された状態では、第１、第２および第３の挿入孔により第１内部空間を含む第２内部空間が形成され、第２内部空間に前記延伸対象部分を収容可能であり、
第２部分は、前記断面寸法が前記延伸対象部分より大きく第３の挿入孔以下の第２断面拡大部であり、
前記延伸装置は、前記反作用力を第２断面拡大部から前記反作用力受部材に伝達する第２反作用力伝達部材を備え、
第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が反作用力受部材に支持され、前記延伸対象部分が第２内部空間に挿入され、かつ、第１反作用力伝達部材が第１延伸力作用部と第１断面拡大部の間に配置され第２反作用力伝達部材が第２延伸力作用部と第２断面拡大部の間に配置された状態で、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、これにより、前記延伸対象部分に作用する延伸力の反作用力を、第１断面拡大部から第１反作用力伝達部材と第１延伸力作用部を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達し、第２断面拡大部から第２反作用力伝達部材と第２延伸力作用部を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達する。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second stretching force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by being screwed to the reaction force receiving member so that the position of the second stretching force acting portion can be adjusted in the first direction. By adjusting the, the stretching force can be adjusted,
A third insertion hole into which the portion to be stretched can be inserted is formed in the second stretching force acting portion, and the first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are supported by the reaction force receiving member by screwing. In this state, the second internal space including the first internal space is formed by the first, second and third insertion holes, and the extension target portion can be accommodated in the second internal space.
The second portion is a second cross-sectional enlarged portion having a cross-sectional dimension larger than that of the portion to be stretched and below the third insertion hole,
The stretching device includes a second reaction force transmission member that transmits the reaction force from a second cross-sectional enlarged portion to the reaction force receiving member,
The first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are supported by the reaction force receiving member, the stretch target portion is inserted into the second internal space, and the first reaction force transmitting member is the first stretching force acting portion. And the second reaction force transmission member disposed between the second cross-sectional enlarged portion and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion by adjusting the degree of screwing. The relative distance between the first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion is increased in the first direction, whereby the reaction force of the stretching force acting on the portion to be stretched is changed from the first cross-sectional enlarged portion to the first reaction force. Transmission to the reaction force receiving member via the transmission member and the first stretching force acting portion, and transmission from the second cross-sectional enlarged portion to the reaction force receiving member via the second reaction force transmitting member and the second stretching force acting portion. To do.

上述の構成により、延伸装置とは別個に作られた試験体を、次のように延伸装置に簡単に取り付けることができる。即ち、第２延伸力作用部は、第１方向に位置調節可能に前記反作用力受部材に螺合することで前記反作用力受部材に支持され、当該螺合の度合いを調節することで、前記延伸力が調節可能となっており、第２延伸力作用部には前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第３の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に螺合により支持された状態では、第１、第２および第３の挿入孔により第１内部空間を含む第２内部空間が形成されるので、第２内部空間に前記延伸対象部分を収容できるだけでなく、例えば後述の図５、図６のように第２延伸力作用部７と試験体１とを一体化する必要がなく、例えば、後述の図２のように試験体１を別体として製作できる。
しかも、別体の試験体１を第２内部空間へ挿入し、簡単に延伸装置に取り付けて延伸を行える。即ち、第２内部空間に試験体を挿入した状態で、第１反作用力伝達部材を第１延伸力作用部と第１断面拡大部の間に配置し第２反作用力伝達部材を第２延伸力作用部と第２断面拡大部の間に配置し、その後、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、これにより、前記延伸対象部分に作用する延伸力の反作用力を、第１断面拡大部および第２断面拡大部からそれぞれ第１反作用力伝達部材および第２反作用力伝達部材を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達するので、前記反作用力受部材で延伸力の反作用力を支持して延伸対象部分を延伸させることができる。 With the above-described configuration, a test body made separately from the stretching apparatus can be easily attached to the stretching apparatus as follows. That is, the second stretching force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by being screwed to the reaction force receiving member so that the position thereof can be adjusted in the first direction, and by adjusting the degree of the screwing, The stretching force can be adjusted, a third insertion hole into which the stretching target portion can be inserted is formed in the second stretching force acting portion, and the first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are In a state where the reaction force receiving member is supported by screwing, the first, second and third insertion holes form the second internal space including the first internal space. Not only can the portion be accommodated, but there is no need to integrate the second stretching force acting portion 7 and the test body 1 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 to be described later, for example, the test body 1 as shown in FIG. 2 as described later. Can be manufactured separately.
In addition, the separate test body 1 can be inserted into the second internal space and easily attached to the stretching apparatus for stretching. That is, in a state where the test body is inserted into the second internal space, the first reaction force transmission member is disposed between the first extension force action portion and the first cross-sectional enlarged portion, and the second reaction force transmission member is set to the second extension force. It is arranged between the action part and the second cross-section enlarged part, and then the relative distance between the first extension force action part and the second extension force action part is increased in the first direction by adjusting the degree of screwing, Accordingly, the reaction force of the stretching force acting on the portion to be stretched is received from the first cross-section enlarged portion and the second cross-section enlarged portion via the first reaction force transmission member and the second reaction force transmission member, respectively. Since it transmits to a member, the reaction force receiving member can support the reaction force of extending | stretching force, and can extend an extending | stretching object part.

本発明の好ましい実施形態によると、第１反作用力伝達部材、第２反作用力伝達部材は、延伸対象部分１ａが挿入可能な切り欠き部９ａを有する。   According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first reaction force transmission member and the second reaction force transmission member have a notch 9a into which the extension target portion 1a can be inserted.

上記構成では、第１反作用力伝達部材、第２反作用力伝達部材は、延伸対象部分が挿入可能な切り欠き部を有するので、第１反作用力伝達部材、第２反作用力伝達部材を、前記延伸対象部分に簡単に取り付けて、第１反作用力伝達部材を第１延伸力作用部と第１断面拡大部の間に、または、第２反作用力伝達部材を第２延伸力作用部と第２断面拡大部の間に配置できる。   In the above configuration, since the first reaction force transmission member and the second reaction force transmission member have a notch portion into which the extension target portion can be inserted, the first reaction force transmission member and the second reaction force transmission member are extended with the extension. The first reaction force transmission member is simply attached to the target portion, and the first reaction force transmission member is disposed between the first extension force action portion and the first cross-section enlarged portion, or the second reaction force transmission member is provided with the second extension force action portion and the second cross-section. It can be arranged between the enlarged parts.

上述した本発明によると、延伸力の調節を容易にすることができる。また、延伸による様々な物性の変化を計測するのに適しており、しかも、効率よく延伸による物性の変化を計測することが可能にする延伸装置を実現できる。さらに、極低温下において脆弱な試験対象物質が破断することを防止できる。また、小型の延伸装置を実現できる。   According to the present invention described above, the stretching force can be easily adjusted. Moreover, it is suitable for measuring various physical property changes due to stretching, and it is possible to realize a stretching device that can efficiently measure physical property changes due to stretching. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the fragile test target material from breaking at extremely low temperatures. Moreover, a small stretching apparatus can be realized.

本発明を実施するための最良の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、各図において共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、重複した説明を省略する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

図１は、本発明の実施形態による延伸装置１０の構成図である。図２は、図１の延伸装置１０の分解図である。
図３（Ａ）は、図２の３Ａ−３Ａ線矢視図であり試験体１のみを示している。図３（Ｂ）は、図２の３Ｂ−３Ｂ線矢視図であり反作用力受部材３のみを示している。図３（Ｃ）は、図２の３Ｃ−３Ｃ線矢視図であり第１延伸力作用部５のみを示している。図３（Ｄ）は、図２の３Ｄ−３Ｄ線矢視図であり第２延伸力作用部７のみを示している。図３（Ｅ）は、図２の３Ｅ−３Ｅ線矢視図であり第１反作用力伝達部材９のみを示している。図３（Ｆ）は、図２の３Ｆ−３Ｆ線矢視図であり第２反作用力伝達部材１１のみを示している。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a stretching apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the stretching apparatus 10 of FIG.
FIG. 3A is a view taken in the direction of arrows 3A-3A in FIG. FIG. 3B is a view taken along the line 3B-3B in FIG. 2 and shows only the reaction force receiving member 3. FIG. 3C is a view taken along the line 3C-3C in FIG. 2 and shows only the first stretching force acting portion 5. FIG. FIG. 3D is a 3D-3D arrow view of FIG. 2 and shows only the second stretching force acting portion 7. FIG. 3E is a view taken along the line 3E-3E in FIG. 2 and shows only the first reaction force transmission member 9. FIG. FIG. 3F is a view taken along the line 3F-3F in FIG. 2 and shows only the second reaction force transmission member 11.

図１、図２に示すように、本実施形態による延伸装置１０は、試験体１の延伸対象部分１ａを第１方向に延伸させる装置であって、第１延伸力作用部５、第２延伸力作用部７、反作用力受部材３、第１反作用力伝達部材９および第２反作用力伝達部材１１を備える。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stretching device 10 according to the present embodiment is a device that stretches the stretch target portion 1 a of the test body 1 in the first direction, and includes a first stretching force acting portion 5 and a second stretching. A force acting part 7, a reaction force receiving member 3, a first reaction force transmitting member 9 and a second reaction force transmitting member 11 are provided.

試験体１は、図２、図３（Ａ）に示すように、延伸対象部分１ａと、延伸対象部分１ａの第１方向における一端部に結合された第１部分である第１断面拡大部１ｂと、延伸対象部分１ａの第１方向における他端部に結合された第２部分である第２断面拡大部１ｃとからなる。この例では、試験体１は透明な樹脂で形成されている。延伸対象部分１ａには、検査対象物質片が埋め込まれている。また、延伸対象部分１ａに、試験対象物質片とともに、試験対象物質片の電気抵抗を計測するための電極と配線や、歪みを計測する歪み計とその配線なども埋め込むことも可能である。なお、前記配線は、前記電極、前記試験対象物質片、前記歪み計から延伸対象部分１ａの内部を通過し第１断面拡大部１ｂの外面から、試験体１の外部へ取り出してよい。   As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A, the test body 1 is a first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b that is a stretched portion 1a and a first portion that is coupled to one end of the stretched portion 1a in the first direction. And a second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c that is a second portion coupled to the other end portion in the first direction of the drawing target portion 1a. In this example, the test body 1 is formed of a transparent resin. An inspection target substance piece is embedded in the drawing target portion 1a. Moreover, it is also possible to embed an electrode and wiring for measuring the electrical resistance of the test target material piece, a strain meter for measuring strain, and the wiring thereof together with the test target material piece together with the test target material piece. The wiring may be taken out of the test body 1 from the outer surface of the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b through the electrode, the test object piece, and the strain gauge through the inside of the extension target portion 1a.

第１延伸力作用部５は、反作用力受部材３に螺合により支持された状態で、第１部分１ｂに対し第１方向に直接または間接的に接触して、第１部分１ｂに対し第１方向に延伸力を作用させる。図２、図３（Ｃ）の例では、第１延伸力作用部５は、第１部分１ｂに後述の第１反作用力伝達部材９を介して間接的に接触する。
図２、図３（Ｃ）に示すように、第１延伸力作用部５は、反作用力受部材３の雌ねじ部３ａと螺合する雄ねじ部５ａを有する。これにより、第１延伸力作用部５は、反作用力受部材３に対して第１方向に位置調節可能となっている。
また、第１延伸力作用部５には、第２の挿入孔５ｂが形成されている。この例では、試験体１（即ち、延伸対象部分１ａ、第１断面拡大部１ｂおよび第２断面拡大部１ｃ）が第２の挿入孔５ｂを第１方向に通過できるように、第２の挿入孔５ｂは、図２において第１方向と垂直な断面が試験体１以上である。この例では、第２の挿入孔５ｂは第１延伸力作用部５を第１方向に貫通している。 The first stretching force acting portion 5 is directly or indirectly in contact with the first portion 1b in the first direction while being supported by the reaction force receiving member 3 by screwing, and is in contact with the first portion 1b. A stretching force is applied in one direction. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3C, the first stretching force acting portion 5 indirectly contacts the first portion 1b via a first reaction force transmitting member 9 described later.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3C, the first stretching force acting portion 5 has a male screw portion 5 a that is screwed with the female screw portion 3 a of the reaction force receiving member 3. Thereby, the position of the first stretching force acting portion 5 can be adjusted in the first direction with respect to the reaction force receiving member 3.
In addition, a second insertion hole 5 b is formed in the first stretching force acting portion 5. In this example, the second insertion is performed so that the test body 1 (that is, the extending target portion 1a, the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b, and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c) can pass through the second insertion hole 5b in the first direction. The hole 5b has a cross section perpendicular to the first direction in FIG. In this example, the second insertion hole 5b penetrates the first stretching force acting part 5 in the first direction.

第２延伸力作用部７は、反作用力受部材３に螺合により支持された状態で、第２部分１ｃに対し第１方向と逆方向に直接または間接的に接触して、第２部分１ｃに対し前記逆方向に延伸力を作用させる。図２、図３（Ｃ）の例では、第２延伸力作用部７は、第２部分１ｃに後述の第２反作用力伝達部材１１を介して間接的に接触する。
図２、図３（Ｄ）に示すように、第２延伸力作用部７は、反作用力受部材３の雌ねじ部３ｂと螺合する雄ねじ部７ａを有する。これにより、第２延伸力作用部７は、反作用力受部材３に対して第１方向に位置調節可能になっている。
また、第２延伸力作用部７には、第３の挿入孔７ｂが形成されている。この例では、試験体１（即ち、延伸対象部分１ａ、第１断面拡大部１ｂおよび第２断面拡大部１ｃ）が第３の挿入孔７ｂを第１方向に通過できるように、第３の挿入孔７ｂは、図２において第１方向と垂直な断面寸法が試験体１以上である。この例では、第３の挿入孔７ｂは第２延伸力作用部７を第１方向に貫通している。 The second stretching force acting portion 7 is directly or indirectly brought into contact with the second portion 1c in the direction opposite to the first direction while being supported by the reaction force receiving member 3 by screwing. In contrast, a stretching force is applied in the opposite direction. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3C, the second stretching force acting portion 7 indirectly contacts the second portion 1c via a second reaction force transmitting member 11 described later.
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3D, the second stretching force acting portion 7 has a male screw portion 7 a that is screwed with the female screw portion 3 b of the reaction force receiving member 3. Thereby, the position of the second stretching force acting portion 7 can be adjusted in the first direction with respect to the reaction force receiving member 3.
Further, a third insertion hole 7 b is formed in the second stretching force acting portion 7. In this example, the third insertion is performed so that the specimen 1 (that is, the extending target portion 1a, the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b, and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c) can pass through the third insertion hole 7b in the first direction. The hole 7b has a cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction in FIG. In this example, the third insertion hole 7b penetrates the second stretching force acting portion 7 in the first direction.

反作用力受部材３は、第１延伸力作用部５が第１部分１ｂに作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力に抗して第１延伸力作用部５を支持し、第２延伸力作用部７が第２部分１ｃに作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力に抗して第２延伸力作用部７を支持する。図２、図３（Ｂ）の例では、反作用力受部材３の雌ねじ部３ａが第１延伸力作用部５の雄ねじ部５ａと螺合することで、第１延伸力作用部５が反作用力受部材３に支持される。また、図２、図３（Ｂ）の例では、反作用力受部材３の雌ねじ部３ｂが第２延伸力作用部７の雄ねじ部７ａと螺合することで、第２延伸力作用部７が反作用力受部材３に支持される。図２、図３（Ｂ）の例では、反作用力受部材３には、第１の挿入孔３ｃが形成されている。この例では、試験体１（即ち、延伸対象部分１ａ、第１断面拡大部１ｂおよび第２断面拡大部１ｃ）が第１の挿入孔３ｃを第１方向に通過できるように、第１の挿入孔３ｃは、第１方向と垂直な断面寸法が試験体１よりも大きい。この例では、第１の挿入孔３ｃは反作用力受部材３を第１方向に貫通している。なお、この例では、雌ねじ部３ａ，３ｂは、第１の挿入孔３ｃの内面に形成されている。   The reaction force receiving member 3 supports the first stretching force acting portion 5 against the reaction force of the stretching force that the first stretching force acting portion 5 acts on the first portion 1 b, and the second stretching force acting portion 7. Supports the second stretching force acting portion 7 against the reaction force of the stretching force acting on the second portion 1c. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3B, the female thread portion 3a of the reaction force receiving member 3 is screwed with the male thread portion 5a of the first stretching force acting portion 5, thereby causing the first stretching force acting portion 5 to react. Supported by the receiving member 3. Moreover, in the example of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 (B), when the internal thread part 3b of the reaction force receiving member 3 is screwed with the external thread part 7a of the 2nd extension force action part 7, the 2nd extension force action part 7 is. Supported by the reaction force receiving member 3. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3B, the reaction force receiving member 3 is formed with a first insertion hole 3c. In this example, the first insertion is performed so that the test body 1 (that is, the stretch target portion 1a, the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b, and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c) can pass through the first insertion hole 3c in the first direction. The hole 3c has a cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction larger than that of the test body 1. In this example, the first insertion hole 3c penetrates the reaction force receiving member 3 in the first direction. In this example, the female screw portions 3a and 3b are formed on the inner surface of the first insertion hole 3c.

第１反作用力伝達部材９は、第１方向と垂直な断面寸法が第１および第２の挿入孔３ｃ、５ｂより大きく第１断面拡大部１ｂより大きい。図２、図３（Ｅ）の例では、第１反作用力伝達部材９は、延伸対象部分１ａが挿入可能な切り欠き部９ａを有する略Ｕ字形状の部材（Ｕ字形状ワッシャー）である。切り欠き部９ａの幅（第１方向と垂直方向の幅）は、第１断面拡大部１ｂの第１方向と垂直な断面寸法より小さい。これにより、延伸対象部分１ａが切り欠き部９ａに挿入されるように第１反作用力伝達部材９が延伸対象部分１ａに取り付けられ、後述のように延伸対象部分１ａに延伸力が作用している状態（図１の状態）において、第１反作用力伝達部材９は、第２の挿入孔５ｂが開口している面に第１方向に係止され、第１断面拡大部１ｂに第１方向と逆方向に係止される。   The first reaction force transmission member 9 has a cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction larger than the first and second insertion holes 3c and 5b and larger than the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3E, the first reaction force transmission member 9 is a substantially U-shaped member (U-shaped washer) having a notch 9a into which the extension target portion 1a can be inserted. The width of the notch 9a (the width in the direction perpendicular to the first direction) is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction of the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b. Thereby, the 1st reaction force transmission member 9 is attached to the extending | stretching object part 1a so that the extending | stretching object part 1a may be inserted in the notch part 9a, and the extending | stretching force is acting on the extending | stretching object part 1a as mentioned later. In the state (the state shown in FIG. 1), the first reaction force transmission member 9 is locked in the first direction on the surface where the second insertion hole 5b is opened, and the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b is in the first direction. Locked in the opposite direction.

第２反作用力伝達部材１１は、第１方向と垂直な断面寸法が第１および第３の挿入孔７３ｃ、ｂより大きく第２断面拡大部１ｃより大きい。図２、図３（Ｆ）の例では、第２反作用力伝達部材１１は、延伸対象部分１ａが挿入可能な切り欠き部１１ａを有する略Ｕ字形状の部材（Ｕ字形状ワッシャー）である。切り欠き部１１ａの幅（第１方向と垂直方向の幅）は、第２断面拡大部１ｃの第１方向と垂直な断面寸法より小さい。これにより、延伸対象部分１ａが切り欠き部１１ａに挿入されるように第２反作用力伝達部材１１が延伸対象部分１ａに取り付けられ、後述のように延伸対象部分１ａに延伸力が作用している状態（図１の状態）において、第２反作用力伝達部材１１は、第３の挿入孔７ｂが開口している面に第１方向と逆方向に係止され、第２断面拡大部１ｃに第１方向に係止される。   The second reaction force transmission member 11 has a cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction larger than the first and third insertion holes 73c, 73b and larger than the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3F, the second reaction force transmission member 11 is a substantially U-shaped member (U-shaped washer) having a notch portion 11a into which the extension target portion 1a can be inserted. The width of the cutout portion 11a (the width in the direction perpendicular to the first direction) is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction of the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c. Thereby, the 2nd reaction force transmission member 11 is attached to the extending | stretching object part 1a so that the extending | stretching object part 1a may be inserted in the notch part 11a, and the extending | stretching force is acting on the extending | stretching object part 1a as mentioned later. In the state (the state shown in FIG. 1), the second reaction force transmission member 11 is locked in the direction opposite to the first direction on the surface where the third insertion hole 7b is opened, and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c Locked in one direction.

また、本実施形態によると、延伸対象部分１ａと延伸装置１０（即ち、第１延伸力作用部５、第２延伸力作用部７、延伸力受部、第１反作用力伝達部材９および第２反作用力伝達部材１１）とは、熱収縮率が少なくともほぼ同じ材料で形成されている。この例では、延伸対象部分１ａと延伸装置１０とは、樹脂でまたは樹脂を主とする材料で形成されている。樹脂を主体とする材料としては、例えば、樹脂にセラミックスを混ぜたものがある。   Moreover, according to this embodiment, the extending | stretching object part 1a and the extending | stretching apparatus 10 (namely, the 1st extending force action part 5, the 2nd extending force action part 7, the extending force receiving part, the 1st reaction force transmission member 9 and 2nd. The reaction force transmission member 11) is made of a material having at least substantially the same heat shrinkage rate. In this example, the drawing target portion 1a and the drawing device 10 are made of a resin or a material mainly made of resin. As a material mainly composed of resin, for example, there is a material in which ceramic is mixed with resin.

次に、上述の延伸装置１０による延伸について説明する。   Next, stretching by the above-described stretching apparatus 10 will be described.

図１のように、第１延伸力作用部５および第２延伸力作用部７が反作用力受部材３に螺合により支持され、延伸対象部分１ａが、第１、第２および第３の挿入孔３ｃ，５ｂ，７ｂにより形成される内部空間に挿入され、かつ、第１反作用力伝達部材９が第１延伸力作用部５と第１断面拡大部１ｂの間に配置され第２反作用力伝達部材１１が第２延伸力作用部７と第２断面拡大部１ｃの間に配置された状態にする。この状態で、（例えば、人の手で）第１延伸力作用部５を回転させて、雄ねじ部５ａを雌ねじ部３ａから後退させるように雄ねじ部５ａと雌ねじ部３ａとの螺合度合いを調節し、または、（例えば、人の手で）第２延伸力作用部７を回転させて、雄ねじ部７ａを雌ねじ部３ｂから後退させるように雄ねじ部７ａと雌ねじ部３ｂとの螺合度合いを調節する。これにより、第１延伸力作用部５と第２延伸力作用部７との第１方向における距離を増やす。このようにして、延伸対象部分１ａに延伸力を作用させる。この延伸力の反作用力は、第１断面拡大部１ｂから第１反作用力伝達部材９および第１延伸力作用部５を介して反作用力受部材３へ伝達され、第２断面拡大部１ｃから第２反作用力伝達部材１１および第２延伸力作用部７を介して反作用力受部材３へ伝達されて、反作用力受部材３で支持される。   As shown in FIG. 1, the first stretching force acting portion 5 and the second stretching force acting portion 7 are supported by the reaction force receiving member 3 by screwing, and the stretch target portion 1 a is inserted into the first, second, and third insertions. The first reaction force transmission member 9 is inserted between the first extending force acting portion 5 and the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b and is inserted into the internal space formed by the holes 3c, 5b, 7b. The member 11 is placed between the second stretching force acting portion 7 and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c. In this state, the degree of screwing between the male screw portion 5a and the female screw portion 3a is adjusted so that the first extension force acting portion 5 is rotated (for example, by a human hand) and the male screw portion 5a is retracted from the female screw portion 3a. Alternatively, the degree of screwing between the male screw portion 7a and the female screw portion 3b is adjusted so that the male screw portion 7a is retracted from the female screw portion 3b by rotating the second stretching force acting portion 7 (for example, by a human hand). To do. Thereby, the distance in the 1st direction of the 1st extending force action part 5 and the 2nd extending force action part 7 is increased. In this way, a stretching force is applied to the stretching target portion 1a. The reaction force of the stretching force is transmitted from the first cross-section enlarged portion 1b to the reaction force receiving member 3 via the first reaction force transmitting member 9 and the first stretch force acting portion 5, and from the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c. It is transmitted to the reaction force receiving member 3 via the 2 reaction force transmitting member 11 and the second stretching force acting portion 7 and supported by the reaction force receiving member 3.

具体的には以下の手順で、延伸装置１０により試験体１を延伸させる。   Specifically, the test body 1 is stretched by the stretching apparatus 10 in the following procedure.

まず、第１延伸力作用部５と第２延伸力作用部７を反作用力受部材３に螺合させる。即ち、第１延伸力作用部５の雄ねじ部５ａを反作用力受部材３の雌ねじ部３ａに螺合させ、第２延伸力作用部７の雄ねじ部７ａを反作用力受部材３の雌ねじ部３ｂに螺合させる。
次いで、試験体１を、第１、第２および第３の挿入孔３ｃ，５ｂ，７ｂに挿入する。
その後、延伸対象部分１ａが第１反作用力伝達部材９の切り欠き部９ａに挿入されるように、第１反作用力伝達部材９を、延伸対象部分１ａに取り付けて第１断面拡大部１ｂと第１延伸力作用部５との間に位置させる。同様に、延伸対象部分１ａが第２反作用力伝達部材１１の切り欠き部１１ａに挿入されるように、第２反作用力伝達部材１１を、延伸対象部分１ａに取り付けて第２断面拡大部１ｃと第２延伸力作用部７との間に位置させる。この状態では、試験体１を延伸装置１０から取り外すことができなくなる。即ち、Ｕ字形状ワッシャー９，１１の外径は第１断面拡大部１ｂの外径よりも大きく、Ｕ字形状ワッシャー９，１１の切り欠き部９ａ，１１ａの幅は、試験体１の延伸対象部分１ａよりも少し大きく第１断面拡大部１ｂの外径より小さいので、試験体１を延伸装置１０から取り外すことはできない。
この状態で、雌ねじ部３ａに対する雄ねじ部５ａの螺合を緩める方向に、第１延伸力作用部５を回転させ、または、雌ねじ部３ｂに対する雄ねじ部７ａの螺合を緩める方向に、第２延伸力作用部７を回転させることで、延伸対象部分１ａに延伸力が作用する。この延伸力の反作用力は、第１断面拡大部１ｂからＵ字形状ワッシャー９および第１延伸力作用部５を介して反作用力受部材３へ伝達され、第２断面拡大部１ｃからＵ字形状ワッシャー１１および第２延伸力作用部７を介して反作用力受部材３へ伝達されて、反作用力受部材３で支持される。 First, the first stretching force acting part 5 and the second stretching force acting part 7 are screwed into the reaction force receiving member 3. That is, the male threaded portion 5a of the first stretching force acting part 5 is screwed into the female threaded part 3a of the reaction force receiving member 3, and the male threaded part 7a of the second stretching force acting part 7 is engaged with the female threaded part 3b of the reaction force receiving member 3. Screw together.
Next, the test body 1 is inserted into the first, second, and third insertion holes 3c, 5b, and 7b.
Thereafter, the first reaction force transmission member 9 is attached to the drawing target portion 1a so that the drawing target portion 1a is inserted into the cutout portion 9a of the first reaction force transmission member 9, and the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b and the first 1 It is located between the drawing force acting parts 5. Similarly, the second reaction force transmission member 11 is attached to the extension target portion 1a so that the extension target portion 1a is inserted into the cutout portion 11a of the second reaction force transmission member 11, and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c. It is located between the second stretching force acting part 7. In this state, the test body 1 cannot be removed from the stretching apparatus 10. That is, the outer diameter of the U-shaped washers 9 and 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the first cross-section enlarged portion 1b, and the widths of the cutout portions 9a and 11a of the U-shaped washers 9 and 11 The specimen 1 cannot be removed from the stretching apparatus 10 because it is slightly larger than the portion 1a and smaller than the outer diameter of the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b.
In this state, the first extension force acting part 5 is rotated in the direction of loosening the screwing of the male screw part 5a with respect to the female screw part 3a, or the second extension in the direction of loosening the screwing of the male screw part 7a with respect to the female screw part 3b. By rotating the force acting portion 7, a stretching force acts on the stretching target portion 1a. The reaction force of this stretching force is transmitted from the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b to the reaction force receiving member 3 via the U-shaped washer 9 and the first stretching force acting portion 5, and from the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c to the U-shape. It is transmitted to the reaction force receiving member 3 through the washer 11 and the second stretching force acting portion 7 and supported by the reaction force receiving member 3.

上述した延伸装置１０と試験体１の製作方法について説明する。延伸装置１０の各構成要素と試験体１はそれぞれモールド成型することができる。即ち、モールド（型）に樹脂を流し込むことで各構成要素または試験体１を一体成型することができる。樹脂の注入は、モールドの外面に形成された孔から行うことができる。例えば、試験体１の場合には、テフロン(登録商標)製の棒に、その長手方向に貫通する孔を形成したものを延伸対象部分１ａの型とし、延伸対象部分１ａの型の両端にかぶせる蓋状の型を第１断面拡大部１ｂの型および第２断面拡大部１ｃの型とすることができる。そして、一方の蓋状の型の外面に形成された孔から樹脂を注入することで、試験体１を成型することができる。   The manufacturing method of the extending | stretching apparatus 10 and the test body 1 mentioned above is demonstrated. Each component of the stretching apparatus 10 and the test body 1 can be molded. That is, each component or the test body 1 can be integrally molded by pouring resin into a mold. The resin can be injected from a hole formed in the outer surface of the mold. For example, in the case of the test body 1, a Teflon (registered trademark) rod in which a hole penetrating in the longitudinal direction is formed as a mold of the stretch target part 1 a and is placed on both ends of the mold of the stretch target part 1 a. A lid-shaped mold can be used as the mold of the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b and the mold of the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c. And the test body 1 can be shape | molded by inject | pouring resin from the hole formed in the outer surface of one lid-shaped type | mold.

上述した本発明の実施形態による延伸装置１０によると以下の効果（Ａ）〜（Ｆ）が得られる。   According to the stretching apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the following effects (A) to (F) are obtained.

（Ａ）第１延伸力作用部５は、第１方向に位置調節可能に反作用力受部材３に螺合することで反作用力受部材３に支持され、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで前記延伸力が調節可能となっているので、延伸力の大きさを容易に調節できる。例えば、螺合に使用されるネジ部の進みを調節するために第１延伸力作用部５または反作用力受部材３を回転させることで、延伸力の大きさを容易に調節できる。 (A) The 1st extending force action part 5 is supported by the reaction force receiving member 3 by screwing to the reaction force receiving member 3 so that the position adjustment is possible in the first direction, and adjusting the degree of screwing. Since the stretching force can be adjusted, the magnitude of the stretching force can be easily adjusted. For example, the magnitude of the stretching force can be easily adjusted by rotating the first stretching force acting part 5 or the reaction force receiving member 3 in order to adjust the advance of the screw part used for screwing.

（Ｂ）また、上述の延伸装置１０では、以下の（１）〜（３）のように、延伸による様々な物性の変化を計測するのに適しており、しかも、効率よく延伸による物性の変化を計測することが可能になる。
（１）延伸対象部分１ａに、試験対象物質片とともに、試験対象物質片の電気抵抗を計測するための電極と配線や、歪みを計測する歪み計なども埋め込むことも可能である。また、磁化率の小さい材料（例えば、エポキシ樹脂やアクリル樹脂）で試験体１を形成することで、延伸による磁化率の変化や磁性物質の機能拡張の探索を行える。
（２）試験体１を透明な材料（例えば樹脂）で形成することで、光照射下における延伸した状態の試験対象物質片の物性を計測できる。
（３）試験対象物質片を延伸方向に対して任意の方向に配置できるので、試験対象物質片の延伸方向を自由に設定できる。 (B) Moreover, in the above-mentioned extending | stretching apparatus 10, as the following (1)-(3), it is suitable for measuring the change of various physical properties by extending | stretching, and also the physical property change by extending | stretching efficiently. Can be measured.
(1) It is also possible to embed an electrode and wiring for measuring the electrical resistance of the test target material piece, a strain meter for measuring strain, and the like in the drawing target portion 1a together with the test target material piece. Further, by forming the test body 1 with a material having a low magnetic susceptibility (for example, an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin), it is possible to search for a change in magnetic susceptibility due to stretching or a functional expansion of a magnetic substance.
(2) By forming the test body 1 with a transparent material (for example, resin), the physical properties of the test target substance piece in a stretched state under light irradiation can be measured.
(3) Since the test target substance piece can be arranged in an arbitrary direction with respect to the stretching direction, the stretching direction of the test target substance piece can be freely set.

（Ｃ）また、延伸対象部分１ａと延伸装置１０とは、熱収縮率が少なくともほぼ同じ材料で形成されているので、延伸装置１０により延伸対象部分１ａを延伸させた状態で、延伸対象部分１ａを室温から極低温まで冷却した場合に、脆弱な試験対象物質片が破断してしまうことや延伸力が低下してしまうことを防止でき、極低温でも延伸の度合いを正確に把握できる。 (C) Moreover, since the extending | stretching object part 1a and the extending | stretching apparatus 10 are formed with the material whose heat shrinkage rate is at least substantially the same, in the state which extended the extending | stretching object part 1a with the extending | stretching apparatus 10, the extending | stretching object part 1a When the material is cooled from room temperature to extremely low temperature, it is possible to prevent the fragile test target material piece from being broken and the stretching force from being reduced, and the degree of stretching can be accurately grasped even at extremely low temperatures.

（Ｄ）反作用力受部材３，第１延伸力作用部５および第２延伸力作用部７には、それぞれ試験体１が挿入可能な第１、第２および第３の挿入孔３ｃ，５ｂ，７ｂが形成され、第１延伸力作用部５が反作用力受部材３に螺合により支持された状態では、第１、第２および第３の挿入孔３ｃ，５ｂ，７ｂにより内部空間が形成され、内部空間に延伸対象部分１ａを収容可能であるので、試験体１を含めた延伸装置１０の全体寸法を小さくすることができる。これにより、極低温下で延伸させるのに都合がよくなる。即ち、極低温まで冷却するためのクライオスタットには、通常、小型のものしか収容できないが、上記構成により小型化された延伸装置１０をクライオスタットへ収容するのに都合がよい。 (D) First, second and third insertion holes 3c, 5b in which the test body 1 can be inserted into the reaction force receiving member 3, the first stretching force acting portion 5 and the second stretching force acting portion 7, respectively. 7b is formed, and in the state where the first stretching force acting portion 5 is supported by the reaction force receiving member 3 by screwing, an internal space is formed by the first, second, and third insertion holes 3c, 5b, and 7b. Since the drawing target portion 1a can be accommodated in the internal space, the overall dimensions of the drawing apparatus 10 including the test body 1 can be reduced. This is convenient for stretching at a cryogenic temperature. In other words, a cryostat for cooling to a cryogenic temperature can usually accommodate only a small one, but it is convenient for accommodating the stretching device 10 reduced in size by the above configuration in the cryostat.

（Ｅ）別体で製作した試験体１を前記内部空間へ挿入して、試験体１を延伸装置１０に簡単に取り付けることができる。 (E) The test body 1 manufactured separately can be inserted into the internal space, and the test body 1 can be easily attached to the stretching apparatus 10.

（Ｆ）第１反作用力伝達部材９、第２反作用力伝達部材１１は、延伸対象部分１ａが挿入可能な切り欠き部９ａ，１１ａを有するので、第１反作用力伝達部材９、第２反作用力伝達部材１１を、延伸対象部分１ａに簡単に取り付けて、第１反作用力伝達部材９を第１延伸力作用部５と第１断面拡大部１ｂの間に配置し、第２反作用力伝達部材１１を第２延伸力作用部７と第２断面拡大部１ｃの間に配置できる。 (F) Since the 1st reaction force transmission member 9 and the 2nd reaction force transmission member 11 have the notch parts 9a and 11a in which the extending | stretching object part 1a can be inserted, the 1st reaction force transmission member 9 and the 2nd reaction force The transmission member 11 is simply attached to the extension target portion 1a, the first reaction force transmission member 9 is disposed between the first extension force action portion 5 and the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b, and the second reaction force transmission member 11 is disposed. Can be disposed between the second stretching force acting portion 7 and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion 1c.

本発明は上述した実施の形態に限定されず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

例えば、延伸力の大きさを容易に調節できるようにすることを目的とする場合や、延伸による様々な物性の変化を計測するのに適しており、しかも、効率よく延伸による物性の変化を計測することが可能になる延伸装置１０を実現する場合には、本発明の延伸装置１０は、上述の実施形態の構成をすべて有していなくてもよい。この場合、例えば、図４のような構成であってもよく、図４に示されない構成については、図１〜図３に基づいて説明した上記実施形態と同じであってよい。図４において、第１延伸力作用部５と第２延伸力作用部７には、それぞれ、試験体１の第１部分１ｂおよび第２部分１ｃの試験体１が固定または結合されている。また、反作用力受部材３は、第１延伸力作用部５と螺合している。図４の例では、第１延伸力作用部５は、反作用力受部材３に螺合により支持された状態で、反作用力受部材３を回転させることで、反作用力受部材３を図４の右側に移動させて反作用力受部材３を第２延伸力作用部７に当接させる。この状態で、反作用力受部材３を図４の右側方向に移動させる方向に、反作用力受部材３をさらに回転させることで、第１延伸力作用部５は、第１部分１ｂに延伸力を第１方向に直接作用させ、第２延伸力作用部７は、第２部分１ｃに延伸力を第１方向と逆方向に直接作用させる。従って、反作用力受部材３を回転させて前記螺合の度合いを調節することで前記延伸力が調節可能となっている。なお、図４の例では、第１、第２、第３の挿入孔３ｃ，５ｂ，７ｂは設けられていない。   For example, it is suitable for the purpose of making it possible to easily adjust the magnitude of the stretching force, and for measuring changes in various physical properties due to stretching. When realizing the stretching apparatus 10 that can be used, the stretching apparatus 10 of the present invention may not have all the configurations of the above-described embodiments. In this case, for example, the configuration shown in FIG. 4 may be used, and the configuration not shown in FIG. 4 may be the same as that of the above-described embodiment described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 4, the first extending portion 1b and the second extending portion 1c of the test body 1 are fixed or coupled to the first extending force operating portion 5 and the second extending force operating portion 7, respectively. The reaction force receiving member 3 is screwed with the first stretching force acting portion 5. In the example of FIG. 4, the first stretching force acting part 5 rotates the reaction force receiving member 3 in a state where it is supported by the reaction force receiving member 3 by screwing, so that the reaction force receiving member 3 is made to rotate as shown in FIG. 4. The reaction force receiving member 3 is brought into contact with the second stretching force acting portion 7 by moving to the right side. In this state, by further rotating the reaction force receiving member 3 in the direction in which the reaction force receiving member 3 is moved in the right direction in FIG. 4, the first stretching force acting portion 5 applies stretching force to the first portion 1 b. Directly acting in the first direction, the second stretching force acting part 7 causes the stretching force to act directly on the second portion 1c in the direction opposite to the first direction. Therefore, the stretching force can be adjusted by rotating the reaction force receiving member 3 and adjusting the degree of screwing. In the example of FIG. 4, the first, second, and third insertion holes 3c, 5b, and 7b are not provided.

また、延伸対象部分１ａを延伸させた状態で常温から極低温まで冷却するときに、延伸対象部分１ａに埋め込まれた脆弱な試験対象物質片が破断してしまうことや延伸力が低下してしまうことを防止でき、極低温でも延伸の度合いを正確に把握できることを目的とする場合には、本発明の延伸装置１０は、上述の実施形態の構成をすべて構成を有していなくてもよい。例えば、図４の構成において、延伸対象部分１ａと延伸装置１０とは、熱収縮率が少なくともほぼ同じ材料で形成されていればよい。なお、この場合でも、延伸対象部分１ａと延伸装置１０とは、樹脂または樹脂を主とした材料で形成されているのがよい。   Moreover, when it cools from normal temperature to very low temperature in the state which extended the extending | stretching object part 1a, the weak test object substance piece embedded in the extending object part 1a will fracture | rupture, and extending | stretching force will fall. In the case where the object is to prevent this and the degree of stretching can be accurately grasped even at extremely low temperatures, the stretching apparatus 10 of the present invention may not have all the configurations of the above-described embodiments. For example, in the configuration of FIG. 4, the drawing target portion 1 a and the drawing device 10 may be formed of a material having at least substantially the same heat shrinkage rate. Even in this case, the drawing target portion 1a and the drawing device 10 are preferably formed of a resin or a resin-based material.

さらに、延伸装置１０を小型化することを目的とする場合には、本発明の延伸装置１０は、上述の実施形態の構成をすべて構成を有していなくてもよい。この場合、例えば、上述の実施形態において、第２延伸力作用部７と延伸力受部材３と試験体１の第２部分１ｃとが、互いに固定されてよく、または、螺合によらずに互いに結合されていてもよい。例えば、図５、図６のような構成であってもよい。図６は図５の延伸装置１０の分解図である。図５、図６の例では、第３の挿入孔７ｂが無く、第１延力作用部５と第１反作用力伝達部材９は上述の実施形態のものと同じである。この場合、図５、図６に示されない構成については、図１〜図３に基づいて説明した上記実施形態と同じであってよい。
図５、図６のような構成において、反作用力受部材３および第１延伸力作用部５には、それぞれ延伸対象部分１ａが挿入可能な第１および第２の挿入孔３ｃ，５ｂが形成され、第１延伸力作用部５が反作用力受部材３に螺合により支持された状態では、第１および第２の挿入孔３ｃ，５ｂにより第１内部空間が形成され、この第１内部空間に延伸対象部分１ａを収容可能であるので、試験体１を含めた延伸装置１０の全体寸法を小さくすることができる。この場合に、第１断面拡大部１ｂ、第１の挿入孔３ｃ、第２の挿入孔５ｂ、第１反作用力伝達部材９、切り欠き部９ｃの幅などの寸法は、上述の実施形態と同様に設定されているので、第１延伸力作用部５および第２延伸力作用部７が反作用力受部材３に支持され、延伸対象部分１ａが第１内部空間に挿入され、かつ、第１反作用力伝達部材９が第１延伸力作用部５と第１断面拡大部１ｂの間に配置された状態で、第１延伸力作用部５と反作用力受部材３との螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部５と第２延伸力作用部７との距離を第１方向に増し、これにより、延伸対象部分１ａを延伸させる延伸力の反作用力を、第１断面拡大部１ｂから第１反作用力伝達部材９および第１延伸力作用部５を介して反作用力受部材３へ伝達するので、反作用力受部材３で延伸力の反作用力を支持して延伸対象部分１ａを延伸させることができる。 Furthermore, when aiming at size reduction of the extending | stretching apparatus 10, the extending | stretching apparatus 10 of this invention does not need to have all the structures of the above-mentioned embodiment. In this case, for example, in the above-described embodiment, the second stretching force acting portion 7, the stretching force receiving member 3, and the second portion 1c of the test body 1 may be fixed to each other or not by screwing. They may be combined with each other. For example, the configuration shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be used. FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the stretching apparatus 10 of FIG. In the example of FIGS. 5 and 6, the third insertion hole 7b is not provided, and the first extending force acting portion 5 and the first reaction force transmitting member 9 are the same as those in the above-described embodiment. In this case, configurations not shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be the same as those in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS.
5 and 6, the reaction force receiving member 3 and the first stretching force acting portion 5 are formed with first and second insertion holes 3c and 5b into which the stretching target portion 1a can be inserted, respectively. In the state where the first stretching force acting portion 5 is supported by the reaction force receiving member 3 by screwing, a first internal space is formed by the first and second insertion holes 3c and 5b, and the first internal space is formed in the first internal space. Since the extending | stretching object part 1a can be accommodated, the whole dimension of the extending | stretching apparatus 10 including the test body 1 can be made small. In this case, dimensions such as the width of the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b, the first insertion hole 3c, the second insertion hole 5b, the first reaction force transmission member 9, and the notch portion 9c are the same as in the above-described embodiment. Therefore, the first stretching force acting portion 5 and the second stretching force acting portion 7 are supported by the reaction force receiving member 3, the stretching target portion 1a is inserted into the first internal space, and the first reaction is performed. In a state where the force transmission member 9 is disposed between the first stretching force acting portion 5 and the first cross-sectional enlarged portion 1b, the degree of screwing between the first stretching force acting portion 5 and the reaction force receiving member 3 is adjusted. As a result, the distance between the first stretching force acting part 5 and the second stretching force acting part 7 is increased in the first direction, whereby the reaction force of the stretching force for stretching the stretching target portion 1a is increased to the first cross-sectional enlarged part 1b. To the reaction force receiving member 3 via the first reaction force transmitting member 9 and the first stretching force acting portion 5. In, it is possible to stretch the stretch target portion 1a supports the reaction force of the stretching force counteracting force receiving member 3.

本発明の実施形態による延伸装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the extending | stretching apparatus by embodiment of this invention. 図１の延伸装置の分解図である。It is an exploded view of the extending | stretching apparatus of FIG. （Ａ）は、図２の３Ａ−３Ａ線矢視図であり試験体のみを示し、（Ｂ）は、図２の３Ｂ−３Ｂ線矢視図であり反作用力受部材のみを示し、（Ｃ）は、図２の３Ｃ−３Ｃ線矢視図であり第１延伸力作用部のみを示し、（Ｄ）は、図２の３Ｄ−３Ｄ線矢視図であり第２延伸力作用部のみを示し、（Ｅ）は、図２の３Ｅ−３Ｅ線矢視図であり第１反作用力伝達部材のみを示し、（Ｆ）は、図２の３Ｆ−３Ｆ線矢視図であり第２反作用力伝達部材のみを示している。(A) is a view taken along line 3A-3A in FIG. 2 and shows only the test body, and (B) is a view taken along line 3B-3B in FIG. 2 and shows only the reaction force receiving member, (C ) Is a view taken along the line 3C-3C in FIG. 2 and shows only the first stretching force acting part, and (D) is a view taken along the line 3D-3D in FIG. 2 and only the second stretching force acting part. 2E is a view taken along the line 3E-3E in FIG. 2 and shows only the first reaction force transmission member, and FIG. 4F is a view taken along the line 3F-3F in FIG. 2 and the second reaction force. Only the transmission member is shown. 本発明の延伸装置の別の構成例を示す。The other structural example of the extending | stretching apparatus of this invention is shown. 本発明の延伸装置の別の構成例を示す。The other structural example of the extending | stretching apparatus of this invention is shown. 図５の延伸装置の分解図である。It is an exploded view of the extending | stretching apparatus of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・・試験体、１ａ・・・延伸対象部分、１ｂ・・・第１断面拡大部（第１部分）、１ｃ・・・第２断面拡大部（第２部分）、３・・・反作用力受部材、３ａ・・・雌ねじ部（ねじ部）、３ｂ・・・雌ねじ部（ねじ部）、３ｃ・・・第１の挿入孔、５・・・第１延伸力作用部、５ａ・・・雄ねじ部（ねじ部）、５ｂ・・・第２の挿入孔、７・・・第２延伸力作用部、７ａ・・・雄ねじ部（ねじ部）、７ｂ・・・第３の挿入孔、９・・・第１反作用力伝達部材（Ｕ字形状ワッシャー）、９ａ・・・切り欠き部、１１・・・第２反作用力伝達部材（Ｕ字形状ワッシャー）、１１ａ・・・切り欠き部、
１０・・・延伸装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Test body, 1a ... Extension object part, 1b ... 1st cross-section enlarged part (1st part), 1c ... 2nd cross-sectional enlarged part (2nd part), 3 ... Reaction Force receiving member, 3a ... female screw part (screw part), 3b ... female screw part (screw part), 3c ... first insertion hole, 5 ... first stretching force acting part, 5a,. -Male screw part (screw part), 5b ... 2nd insertion hole, 7 ... 2nd extending force action part, 7a ... Male screw part (screw part), 7b ... 3rd insertion hole, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ... 1st reaction force transmission member (U-shaped washer), 9a ... Notch part, 11 ... 2nd reaction force transmission member (U-shaped washer), 11a ... Notch part,
10 ... Stretching device

Claims (6)

試験体の延伸対象部分を第１方向に延伸させる延伸装置であって、
前記試験体は、前記延伸対象部分の第１方向一端部に結合された第１部分と、前記延伸対象部分の第１方向他端部に結合された第２部分と、を有し、
第１部分に対し第１方向に直接または間接的に接触して、第１部分に対し第１方向に延伸力を作用させる第１延伸力作用部と、
第２部分に対し第１方向と逆方向に直接または間接的に接触して、第２部分に対し前記逆方向に延伸力を作用させる第２延伸力作用部と、
第１延伸力作用部が第１部分に作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力に抗して第１延伸力作用部を支持し、第２延伸力作用部が第２部分に作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力に抗して第２延伸力作用部を支持する反作用力受部材と、を備え、
第１延伸力作用部は、第１方向に位置調節可能に前記反作用力受部材に螺合することで前記反作用力受部材に支持され、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、
前記相対距離を第１方向に増すときに、第１延伸力作用部と第１部分とは直接または間接的に接触する位置を変えずに第１方向へ移動し前記延伸力を調節する、ことを特徴とする延伸装置。 A stretching apparatus that stretches a portion to be stretched of a test body in a first direction,
The test body includes a first portion coupled to one end portion in the first direction of the portion to be stretched, and a second portion coupled to the other end portion in the first direction of the portion to be stretched.
A first stretching force acting portion that directly or indirectly contacts the first portion in the first direction and applies a stretching force in the first direction to the first portion;
A second stretching force acting part that directly or indirectly contacts the second part in a direction opposite to the first direction, and that exerts a stretching force in the opposite direction to the second part;
The first stretching force acting part supports the first stretching force acting part against the reaction force of the stretching force acting on the first part, and the second stretching force acting part acts on the second part. A reaction force receiving member that supports the second stretching force acting portion against the reaction force,
First stretching force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by screwing the adjustable position with said reaction force receiving member in the first direction, the first drawing force by adjusting the degree of the screwing Increasing the relative distance between the action part and the second stretching force action part in the first direction,
When the relative distance is increased in the first direction, the first stretching force acting portion and the first portion move in the first direction without changing the position of direct or indirect contact, and adjust the stretching force. A stretching apparatus characterized by the above. 前記延伸対象部分と前記延伸装置とは、熱収縮率が少なくともほぼ同じ材料で形成されている、ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の延伸装置。   The stretching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the stretching target portion and the stretching apparatus are formed of a material having at least substantially the same heat shrinkage rate. 前記延伸対象部分と前記延伸装置とは、樹脂でまたは樹脂を主とする材料で形成されている、ことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の延伸装置。   The stretching apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the stretching target portion and the stretching apparatus are formed of a resin or a material mainly composed of a resin. 前記反作用力受部材には前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第１の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部には、前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第２の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に螺合により支持された状態では、第１および第２の挿入孔により第１内部空間が形成され、第１内部空間に前記延伸対象部分を収容可能であり、
第１部分は、第１方向と垂直な断面寸法が前記延伸対象部分より大きく第２の挿入孔以下の第１断面拡大部であり、
前記延伸装置は、前記反作用力を第１断面拡大部から反作用力受部材に伝達する前記第１反作用力伝達部材を備え、
第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に支持され、前記延伸対象部分が第１内部空間に挿入され、かつ、第１反作用力伝達部材が第１延伸力作用部と第１断面拡大部の間に配置された状態で、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、これにより、第１延伸力作用部が第１部分に作用させる前記延伸力の反作用力を、第１断面拡大部から第１反作用力伝達部材および第１延伸力作用部を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達する、ことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の延伸装置。 The reaction force receiving member is formed with a first insertion hole into which the extension target portion can be inserted, and the first extension force acting portion is formed with a second insertion hole into which the extension target portion can be inserted, In a state where the first stretching force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by screwing, a first internal space is formed by the first and second insertion holes, and the stretching target portion is accommodated in the first internal space. Is possible,
The first portion is a first cross-sectional enlarged portion whose cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the first direction is larger than the portion to be stretched and is equal to or smaller than the second insertion hole,
The stretching device includes the first reaction force transmission member that transmits the reaction force from the first cross-sectional enlarged portion to the reaction force receiving member,
The first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are supported by the reaction force receiving member, the stretch target portion is inserted into the first internal space, and the first reaction force transmitting member is the first stretching force acting. The relative distance between the first stretching force acting part and the second stretching force acting part is increased in the first direction by adjusting the degree of screwing in a state of being arranged between the part and the first cross-sectional enlarged part, As a result, the reaction force of the stretching force that the first stretching force acting portion acts on the first portion is received from the first cross-sectional enlarged portion through the first reaction force transmitting member and the first stretching force acting portion. The stretching apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the stretching apparatus transmits to a member. 第２延伸力作用部は、第１方向に位置調節可能に前記反作用力受部材に螺合することで前記反作用力受部材に支持され、当該螺合の度合いを調節することで、前記延伸力が調節可能となっており、
第２延伸力作用部には前記延伸対象部分が挿入可能な第３の挿入孔が形成され、第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が前記反作用力受部材に螺合により支持された状態では、第１、第２および第３の挿入孔により第１内部空間を含む第２内部空間が形成され、第２内部空間に前記延伸対象部分を収容可能であり、
第２部分は、前記断面寸法が前記延伸対象部分より大きく第３の挿入孔以下の第２断面拡大部であり、
前記延伸装置は、前記反作用力を第２断面拡大部から前記反作用力受部材に伝達する第２反作用力伝達部材を備え、
第１延伸力作用部および第２延伸力作用部が反作用力受部材に支持され、前記延伸対象部分が第２内部空間に挿入され、かつ、第１反作用力伝達部材が第１延伸力作用部と第１断面拡大部の間に配置され第２反作用力伝達部材が第２延伸力作用部と第２断面拡大部の間に配置された状態で、前記螺合の度合いを調節することで第１延伸力作用部と第２延伸力作用部との相対距離を第１方向に増し、これにより、前記延伸対象部分に作用する延伸力の反作用力を、第１断面拡大部から第１反作用力伝達部材と第１延伸力作用部を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達し、第２断面拡大部から第２反作用力伝達部材と第２延伸力作用部を介して前記反作用力受部材へ伝達する、ことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の延伸装置。 The second stretching force acting portion is supported by the reaction force receiving member by being screwed to the reaction force receiving member so that the position of the second stretching force acting portion can be adjusted in the first direction, and the stretching force can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of the screwing. Is adjustable,
A third insertion hole into which the portion to be stretched can be inserted is formed in the second stretching force acting portion, and the first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are supported by the reaction force receiving member by screwing. In this state, the second internal space including the first internal space is formed by the first, second and third insertion holes, and the extension target portion can be accommodated in the second internal space.
The second portion is a second cross-sectional enlarged portion having a cross-sectional dimension larger than that of the portion to be stretched and below the third insertion hole,
The stretching device includes a second reaction force transmission member that transmits the reaction force from a second cross-sectional enlarged portion to the reaction force receiving member,
The first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion are supported by the reaction force receiving member, the stretch target portion is inserted into the second internal space, and the first reaction force transmitting member is the first stretching force acting portion. And the second reaction force transmission member disposed between the second cross-sectional enlarged portion and the second cross-sectional enlarged portion by adjusting the degree of screwing. The relative distance between the first stretching force acting portion and the second stretching force acting portion is increased in the first direction, whereby the reaction force of the stretching force acting on the portion to be stretched is changed from the first cross-sectional enlarged portion to the first reaction force. Transmission to the reaction force receiving member via the transmission member and the first stretching force acting portion, and transmission from the second cross-sectional enlarged portion to the reaction force receiving member via the second reaction force transmitting member and the second stretching force acting portion. The stretching apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: 第１反作用力伝達部材、第２反作用力伝達部材は、前記延伸対象部分に挿入可能な切り欠き部を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項４または５に記載の延伸装置。   6. The stretching apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first reaction force transmission member and the second reaction force transmission member have a notch portion that can be inserted into the stretching target portion.
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