JP5053850B2 - 抗体遺伝子導入および抗体ポリペプチド産生のためのrnaトランススプライシングの使用 - Google Patents
抗体遺伝子導入および抗体ポリペプチド産生のためのrnaトランススプライシングの使用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国仮特許出願第60/617,012号(2004年10月8日出願)および米国仮特許出願第60/629,821号(2004年11月9日出願)の優先権を主張し、これらの開示は本明細書に参照によりその全てが援用される。
本発明は、豊富に発現され、および/または腫瘍特異的もしくは腫瘍に関連するプレmRNAを標的とし、かつ抗体ポリペプチドのコード配列を含有する新規の核酸分子を、RNAのトランススプライシング(trans-splicing)を介して作製する方法および組成物を提供する。本発明の組成物が含有するプレトランススプライシング分子(PTM)は、豊富に発現される標的前駆体メッセンジャーRNA分子(標的プレmRNA)と相互作用しかつトランススプライシング反応に介在し、抗体ポリペプチドをコードすることができる新規のキメラ分子(キメラRNA)の作製をもたらすように設計されている。本発明の目的は、抗体ポリペプチドをコードし、かつ産生するキメラRNA分子を生理学的および/または臨床的に有効なレベルでin vivo 産生する方法を開発することである。この抗体ポリペプチドは、例えば、感染病原体、癌細胞、移植抗原、関節リウマチなどに対して有効である。本発明の方法および組成物を用いて、様々な異なる免疫原/抗原に対する免疫を与えることができる。そのような免疫原/抗原としては、限定はされないが、ウイルスなどの感染病原体(例えば、HIV)、 細菌、菌類または寄生体などにコードされる免疫原/抗原が挙げられる。標的プレmRNAは、豊富にある転写物であり、例えば、アルブミンまたはカゼインなどをコードする転写物であり得る。標的プレmRNAはまた、腫瘍特異的および/または腫瘍関連転写物であり得る。さらに、PTMにコードされる抗体は、腫瘍特異的および/もしくは腫瘍関連 抗原または自己免疫疾患に発現される抗原を標的としうる。
染色体中のDNA配列は、コード領域(エキソン)を含みかつ一般に介在非コード領域(イントロン)も含むプレmRNA中に転写される。イントロンは、シススプライシングと呼ばれる正確なプロセスでプレmRNAから除かれる(Chowら, 1977, Cell 12:1-8;およびBerget, S.M.ら, 1977, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:3171-3175)。スプライシングはいくつかの小核のリボ核タンパク質粒子(snRNP)と多数のタンパク質因子との配位相互作用として起こり、その場合、これらは集合してスプライセオソームとして知られる酵素複合体を生成する(Mooreら, 1993, in 「The RNA World」, R.F. GestlandおよびJ.F. Atkins編 (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.);Kramer, 1996, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 65:367-404;StaleyおよびGuthrie, 1998, Cell 92:315-326)。
治療用抗体は、疾患標的に対して高特異的であるように設計された、遺伝子操作された抗体である(BrekkeおよびSandlie. Therapeutic antibodies for human diseases at the dawn of the twenty first century. 2003, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2:52-62)。病原体の感染または疾患標的(例えば、細菌、ウイルスもしくは腫瘍細胞標的)の除去、弱毒化、または予防するための治療形態である。
治療用抗体の使用は、典型的な抗体または免疫グロブリンの構造に基づく。抗体は、定常(Fc)領域と抗原に結合する二つの可変(Fab)領域を含む。かかる可変(Fab)領域は、二対のポリペプチド鎖(重鎖および軽鎖)で形成される。重鎖および軽鎖ポリペプチドのN末端は、抗原に結合する、抗体の可変部分を形成する。重鎖および軽鎖の可変領域は、抗原結合領域(Fv)の形成に関連する。可変領域は、問題の特異的抗原に対する結合に関与し、そして定常領域は、生物学的エフェクター反応(例えば、補体結合など)に関与する。定常領域は抗原結合に必要ではないが、抗体分子から分離して、生物学的に活性な (すなわち、結合性)可変領域を生じ得る。一本鎖抗体は、個々の可変領域を、単一ポリペプチド鎖に組み込むことによって作製することができる。結果として、一本鎖抗体は、対応する断片と同様の結合特異性および親和性を有する。
血清療法は、様々な感染疾患(例えば、炭疽病、天然痘、髄膜炎および疫病を治療するために用いられている)。特異的抗体によって、細菌毒素に対して防御することができるということは、1890年代より公知である。細菌標的および毒素に対する特異的抗体が受動免疫 により作用し、被験体に防御を付与する。受動免疫は、疾患に対する抗体が、生来的に (胎盤を介して胎児に与えられる)または人工的に(抗血清の投与によって)獲得される免疫系である。受動免疫は、抗微生物剤(例えば、抗生物質)を投与するよりも有利である。それは、受動免疫は、毒性が低く、または標的に対して高特異的活性であるためである(BrekkeおよびSandlie. Therapeutic antibodies for human diseases at the dawn of the twenty first century. 2003, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2:52-62)。治療用抗体は、血清として投与、またはin vivoにて発現させることができる。
本発明は、標的化トランス−スプライシングによって、新規な治療および予防的核酸分子を作製するための組成物および方法に関する。本発明の組成物は、標的プレmRNA分子(以後、「プレmRNA」と称する)と相互作用するように設計されたプレ-トランス−スプライシング分子(以後、「PTM」と称する)を含み、抗体ポリペプチドをコードする配列を含む新規キメラRNA分子を生じるトランス−スプライシング反応を媒介する。本発明方法は、本発明のPTMと標的プレmRNAを、PTMの一部分が標的プレmRNAにトランス−スプライスされ、抗体ポリペプチドをコードする配列を含むキメラmRNAを形成する条件下にて接触させることを含む。本発明のPTMは一般的に、トランス−スプライシング反応により得られた抗体ポリペプチドをコードする配列を含むキメラmRNAが、翻訳され、抗体ポリペプチドを産生するように操作されている。標的プレmRNAは、豊富に発現された転写物(例えば、アルブミンまたは腫瘍関連もしくは腫瘍特異的抗原)であり得る。本明細書中に引用される全ての参考文献の開示内容は、その全体が参考として本明細書中に援用される。
本発明は、スプライセオソームが介在するRNAトランススプライシング用に設計されたプレ-トランススプライシング分子(PTM)を含んでなる新規の組成物、および抗体ポリペプチドをコードする配列を含む新規のキメラRNA分子を作製するための、上記分子の使用に関する。
本発明は、標的化トランススプライシングを介して新規キメラ核酸分子を作製するのに使用する組成物を提供する。本発明のPTMは、(i)PTMの豊富に発現されたプレmRNA標的との結合を標的化する1以上の標的結合ドメイン、(ii)3'スプライスアクセプター部位および/または5'スプライスドナー部位を含む3'スプライス領域;ならびに(iii)抗体ポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む。抗体ポリペプチドは、単鎖構造を有してもよいし、或いは変異体(例えば、細胞内抗体(intrabody)もしくは触媒抗体(abzyme)、または抗体にさらなる機能を与える配列)であっても良い。あるいは、抗体ポリペプチドは、F(ab)、H鎖および/またはL鎖であってもよい。
抗体ポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列はまた、本発明のPTMに含める。本発明のPTMは、エキソン配列を含み、標的プレmRNAへとトランススプライシングされた場合に、機能的抗体ポリペプチドをコードすることができるキメラRNAの形成を生じる。エキソン配列は、免疫グロブリン遺伝子、例えば、全長重鎖、κ軽鎖およびλ軽鎖をコードするものに由来し得る。エキソン配列は、Fab、FvまたはFc断片を含むことができる。抗体ポリペプチドは、一本鎖抗体(SCA)、すなわち、ポリペプチド単鎖として存在する抗体を含み、重鎖、軽鎖および/またはその両方を含みうる。さらに好ましくは、抗体ポリペプチドは、重鎖可変領域および軽鎖可変領域が結合し(直接またはペプチドリンカーによって)、連続的ポリペプチドを形成している単鎖Fv 抗体である。このような一本鎖抗体ポリペプチドは、抗原結合部分を含み、抗体「定常」領域、例えば、Fc部分を欠いている。抗原結合部分は、天然の全長抗体の構造に実質的に類似している3次元構造に折りたたまれており、このことは当業者に公知である(例えば、米国特許第5,091,513号および同第5,132,405号を参照)。
Gtagttcttttgttcttcactattaagaacttaatttggtgtccatgtctctttttttttctagtttgtagtgctggaaggtatttttggagaaattcttacatgagcattaggagaatgtatgggtgtagtgtcttgtataatagaaattgttccactgataatttactctagttttttatttcctcatattattttcagtggctttttcttccacatctttatattttgcaccacattcaacactgtagcggccgc
3'断片配列:(配列番号4)
Ccaactatctgaatcatgtgccccttctctgtgaacctctatcataatacttgtcacactgtattgtaattgtctcttttactttcccttgtatcttttgtgcatagcagagtacctgaaacaggaagtattttaaatattttgaatcaaatgagttaatagaatctttacaaataagaatatacacttctgcttaggatgataattggaggcaagtgaatcctgagcgtgatttgataatgacctaataatgatgggttttatttccag
さらに本発明の他の特定の実施形態においては、コンセンサスISAR配列が本発明のPTM中に含まれる(Jonesら, NAR 29:3557-3565)。タンパク質はISARスプライシングアクチベーターおよびリプレッサーコンセンサス配列と結合し、この配列はU1SnRNPによる5'スプライス部位認識に必要であるウリジン-リッチ領域を含む。18ヌクレオチドISARコンセンサス配列は次の配列を含む: GGGCUGAUUUUUCCAUGU(配列番号5)。本発明のPTM中に挿入されるとき、ISARコンセンサス配列はイントロン配列の5'ドナー部位の密接した近位のPTMの構造中に挿入される。本発明のある実施形態においては、ISAR配列は5'ドナー部位から100ヌクレオチド内に挿入される。本発明の好ましい実施形態においては、ISAR配列は5'ドナー部位から50ヌクレオチド内に挿入される。本発明のさらに好ましい実施形態においては、ISAR配列は5'ドナー部位から20ヌクレオチド内に挿入される。
(i)ホスホロチオアート(XまたはYまたはWまたはZ=S、あるいはOとしての残部をもつ2以上の任意の組み合わせ)。例えばY=S(Stein, C. A.ら, 1988, Nucleic Acids Res., 16:3209-3221)、X=S(Cosstick, R.ら, 1989, Tetrahedron Letters, 30, 4693-4696)、YおよびZ=S(Brill, W. K.-D.ら, 1989, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 111:2321-2322);(ii)ホスホン酸メチル。例えばZ=メチル(Miller, P. S.ら, 1980, J. Biol. Chem., 255:9659-9665);(iii)ホスホロアミダイト(Z=N-(アルキル)2、例えばアルキルはメチル、エチル、ブチル、Z=モルホリンまたはピペラジン)(Agrawal, S.ら, 1988, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:7079-7083)(XまたはW=NH)(Mag, M.ら, 1988, Nucleic Acids Res., 16:3525-3543);(iv)リン酸トリエステル(Z=O-アルキル、例えばアルキルはメチル、エチル、他)(Miller, P. S.ら, 1982, Biochemistry, 21:5468-5474);および(v)リン非含有連鎖(例えばカルバマート、アセトアミダート、酢酸エステル)(Gait, M. J.ら, 1974, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin I, 1684-1686;Gait, M. J.ら, 1979, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin I, 1389-1394)。
本発明の核酸分子はRNAもしくはDNAまたは誘導体もしくはそれらの修飾されたバージョンであって、一本鎖または二本鎖であってよい。核酸は、PTM分子、リボザイムまたはt-RNAエンドヌクレアーゼに基づく核酸分子、またはPTM分子、リボザイムまたはt-RNAエンドヌクレアーゼに基づく核酸分子をコードする核酸分子であって、デオキシリボヌクレオチドまたはリボヌクレオシドから構成されようとも、またリン酸ジエステル連鎖または修飾された連鎖から構成されようとも、上記核酸分子を意味する。用語「核酸」はまた、具体的には、5種の生物に存在する塩基(アデニン、グアニン、チミン、シトシンおよびウラシル)以外の塩基から構成される核酸も含む。さらに、本発明のPTMは、PTMの安定性を増強するように設計されたDNA/RNA、RNA/タンパク質またはDNA/RNA/タンパク質キメラ分子も含みうる。
あるいは、合成PTMは目的のPTMをコードするDNA配列のin vitro転写により作製することができる。かかるDNA配列を様々なベクター中へ、好適なRNAポリメラーゼプロモーター、例えばT7、SP6、またはT3ポリメラーゼプロモーターの下流に組み込むことができる。コンセンサスRNAポリメラーゼプロモーター配列としては次が挙げられる:
T7: TAATACGACTCACTATA[G]GGAGA(配列番号6)
SP6:ATTTAGGTGACACTATA[G]AAGNG(配列番号7)
T3: AATTAACCCTCACTAAA[G]GGAGA(配列番号8)。
本発明の組成物および方法は、抗体ポリペプチドを発現する配列を含有する新規キメラRNA分子を作製するように設計される。具体的には、二重トランススプライシング反応、3'エキソン置換および/または5'エキソン置換を含んでなるスプライセオソームが介在する標的化したトランススプライシングを用いて、かかるキメラRNAを作製することができる。さらに、リボザイムまたはt-RNAが介在する標的化トランススプライシング反応を用いてキメラRNAを作製することもできる。
図8に示したアルブミン標的化計画を、16型ヒトパピローマウイルス(HPV-16)抗E7 一本鎖抗体のin vivo産生について評価した。この概念はHPV-16抗E7 scFv 配列のアルブミンプレmRNA標的への標的化トランススプライシングに関わる。アルブミンを標的として選んだ理由は、肝臓内のその高い発現は、豊富なトランススプライシング標的としての高アルブミンプレmRNA濃度を与えるからである。本研究は、HPV-16抗E7 scFvのin vivo発現、分泌および機能に与えるアルブミン配列の効果を評価した。
フォワードプライマー(配列番号9):gctagcATGAAGTGGGTAACCTTTCTCCTCCTCCTCTTCGTCTCCGGCTCTGCTTTTTCCAGGGGTGTGTTTCGCCGAGAAGCAC[AGGTCCAACTGCAGGAGTCAGGGgctgagc]、および
リバースプライマー(配列番号10):[gctcagCCCCTGACTCCTGCAGTTGGACC]TGTGCTTCTCGGCGAAACACACCCCTGGAAAAAGCAGAGCCGGAGACGAAGAGGAGGAGGAGAAAGGTTACCCACTTCATgctagc
を用いて組み立てた(小文字のヌクレオチドは、クローニングに使用するNheIおよびBlpI制限酵素切断部位を含み;下線を引いたヌクレオチドはマウスアルブミンエキソン1配列を含み、その中で大部分はシグナルペプチドをコードし;そして[ ]で囲ったヌクレオチドは部分的HPV-16抗E7 scFv配列を含む)。
Sca1(5'-gctagcATGGCCCAGGTCCAACTGCAGG)(配列番号11)およびSca5(5'-aagctt[TCA] CTTGTCGTCATCGTCTTTGTAGTCCCGTTTTATTTCCGCTTGGTCCCAGC)(配列番号12)を用いてPCR増幅した(小文字のヌクレオチド、クローニング用のNheIおよびHindIII制限酵素切断部位;[ ]で囲ったヌクレオチド、停止コドン;ならびに下線を引いたヌクレオチド、FLAGタグ)。PCR産物をBlpIおよびHindIII制限酵素を用いて消化した。得られる産物をアニーリングしたオリゴ断片と最初にライゲートし、次いでpcDNA3.1発現ベクター(Invitrogen)中にライゲートした。PTMカセット配列の真正性は配列決定により確証した(図10)。
アルブミンエキソン1配列(7ヌクレオチド)のHPV-16抗E7scFvの発現およびプロセシングに与える効果を、トランススプライスされたcDNAプラスミドならびに対照プラスミド(FLAGタグ無しのトランススプライスされたcDNAに類似)をマウス肝細胞腫、Hepa1-6およびCos-7細胞中にトランスフェクトすることにより評価した。トランスフェクション後48時間に、培地を採集し、FLAGアフィニティカラム(Sigma、Cat#FLAGIPT-1)を通過させて、ウェスタンブロットによりHPV-16抗E7 scFvの発現について抗FLAGM2モノクローナル(Sigma、Cat#F3165)抗体を用いて分析した。
アルブミン配列のHPV-16抗E7scFv機能に与える効果を、子宮頚癌細胞におけるHPV-16 E7発現をダウンレギュレートする能力により評価した。HPV-16 E7 腫瘍性タンパク質ポジティブである子宮頚癌細胞、SiHa、(ATCC # HTB-35)をmAlb-HPV-16抗E7 scFvc DNA発現プラスミドを用いてトランスフェクトした。E7腫瘍性タンパク質を発現しない整合する対照細胞、C-33A(ATCC # HTB-31)もmAlb-HPV-16抗E7 scFv cDNA発現プラスミドを用いてトランスフェクトした。細胞を5日間増殖し、相対的な生存細胞数を比色(MTT)アッセイにより測定した。
PTMの内因性マウスアルブミン標的へのトランススプライシングおよびHPV-16抗E7 scFvタンパク質の産生を実証するために、次の実験を実施した。100μgのmAlb-HPV16抗E7 97C2(PTM単独)、70μgのPTM+35μgのミニ遺伝子標的(プレmRNA濃度を増加させるための追加標的プラスミド)またはトランススプライスされたmRNAを模倣する100μgの対照cDNA(mAlb-HPV16抗E7 scFv)プラスミドを、正常なC57BL/6マウスに尾静脈を経由して水圧をかけて注入した。血清サンプルを8、16および24時間の時点に採取してウェスタンブロットにより分析した。ほぼ25〜100μl血清を、FLAGアフィニティカラムを通過させ、次いでサンプルを12%SDS-PAGEで分離し、ニトロセルロース膜上に移し、そして抗FLAGM2モノクローナル抗体を用いて調べた。タンパク質を、化学発光キット(Invitrogen、Cat# WB7103)を用いて可視化した。
また、本発明のPTMカセットを用いて軽鎖と重鎖の両方を含有する抗体を産生させることができる。図6に図解したビシストロンPTMカセットは、図15Aに示したHPV-16 E7 scFv PTMと類似するが、ただし、このカセットは一本鎖抗体配列のコーディングドメインの後に、口蹄疫ウイルス(FMDV)由来の2A自己切断オリゴペプチド(Fangら, Nature Biotechnol, 23: 584, 2005、本開示は本明細書に参照により援用される)または脳心筋炎ウイルス(ECMV)内部リボソーム侵入部位(IRES)(Martienz-Salas, Curr Opin Biotechnol, 10:458, 1999、本開示は本明細書に参照により援用される)配列、それに続く、第2鎖の高レベルの翻訳を誘導するための全長コード配列を含有しうることである。第2トランスジーンを発現するための2Aオリゴペプチドおよび/またはIRES配列の使用は公知である(Fangら, Nature Biotechnol, 23: 584, 2005;Martienz-Salas, Curr Opin Biotechnol, 10:458, 1999)。さらに、一本鎖および第2鎖(別のPTM)をコードするPTMも、二重鎖抗体を作製するために利用することができる。
Claims (16)
- 抗体ポリペプチドをコードするキメラRNA分子を含む単離された細胞であって、
上記キメラRNA分子は、
a) 上記抗体ポリペプチドをコードする核酸分子と細胞内のアルブミンプレmRNAとの結合を標的とする1以上の標的結合ドメイン;
b) スプライス領域;
c) 上記スプライス領域を上記標的結合ドメインから分離するスペーサー領域;及び
d) 上記標的アルブミンプレmRNAへトランススプライシングされる抗体ポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列;
を含んでなり、そして
上記キメラRNA分子は細胞内で核スプライシング成分により認識される、上記細胞。 - 抗体ポリペプチドが、Ig重鎖、Ig軽鎖、Ig Fv断片、Ig Fab断片、Ig Fc断片、一本鎖抗体及びそれらの組み合わせから成る群より選択される、請求項1に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、一本鎖抗体である、請求項1に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、Ig重鎖及びIg軽鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、腫瘍特異的抗原又は腫瘍関連抗原に特異的である、請求項1に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、微生物関連抗原又は自己抗原関連抗原に特異的である、請求項1に記載の単離された細胞。
- 微生物関連抗原が、ウイルス抗原及び酵母抗原から成る群から選択される、請求項6に記載の単離された細胞。
- 核酸分子がさらに、サイトカイン又は成長因子をコードする配列を含む、請求項1に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドをコードするキメラRNA分子を含む単離された細胞であって、
上記キメラRNA分子は、
a) 上記抗体ポリペプチドをコードする核酸分子と細胞内のアルブミンプレmRNAとの結合を標的とする1以上の標的結合ドメイン;
b) スプライス領域;
c) 上記スプライス領域を上記標的結合ドメインから分離するスペーサー領域;及び
d) 上記アルブミンプレmRNAへトランススプライシングされる抗体ポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列;
を含んでなり、そして
上記キメラRNA分子は、抗体ポリペプチドの産生に生理学的及び臨床的に有効なレベルであり、且つ細胞内で核スプライシング成分により認識される、上記細胞。 - 抗体ポリペプチドが、Ig重鎖、Ig軽鎖、Ig Fv断片、Ig Fab断片、Ig Fc断片、一本鎖抗体及びそれらの組み合わせから成る群より選択される、請求項9に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、一本鎖抗体である、請求項9に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、Ig重鎖及びIg軽鎖を含む、請求項9に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、腫瘍特異的抗原又は腫瘍関連抗原に特異的である、請求項9に記載の単離された細胞。
- 抗体ポリペプチドが、微生物関連抗原又は自己抗原関連抗原に特異的である、請求項9に記載の単離された細胞。
- 微生物関連抗原が、ウイルス抗原及び酵母抗原から成る群から選択される、請求項14に記載の単離された細胞。
- 核酸分子がさらに、サイトカイン又は成長因子をコードする配列を含む、請求項9に記載の単離された細胞。
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EP1831365B1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2013-08-07 | VIRxSYS Corporation | Use of rna trans-splicing for antibody gene transfer and antibody polypeptide production |
-
2005
- 2005-10-07 EP EP05815099.6A patent/EP1831365B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-10-07 WO PCT/US2005/036215 patent/WO2006083331A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-10-07 US US11/245,835 patent/US7879321B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-07 AU AU2005326784A patent/AU2005326784B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-10-07 CA CA002583306A patent/CA2583306A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-07 JP JP2007535850A patent/JP5053850B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2011
- 2011-01-11 US US13/004,362 patent/US20110244519A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20110244519A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
WO2006083331A3 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
CA2583306A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
US20060160182A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
WO2006083331A2 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
EP1831365A2 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
US7879321B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
EP1831365B1 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
AU2005326784A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
JP2008515435A (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
AU2005326784B2 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
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