JP5048823B2 - Decelerator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the reducer.

  For example, in a reduction gear for driving a cooling fan or the like of a cooling tower, the heat load on the installation environment is high. Even without such a special installation environment, for example, a reduction gear that is continuously operated often has a severe heat load state particularly in summer.

For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a cooling structure in which a cooling fan is provided in a reduction gear for a reduction gear used in such an application. As shown in FIG. 6, the cooling fan 2 is integrally attached to the input shaft 3 rotating at a high speed in order to obtain a corresponding rotational speed. Further, the speed reducer 4 is provided with an oil pump 5 so that each part in the casing 6 can be cooled by circulating lubricating oil in the casing 6. The speed reducer 4 itself is a parallel axis type helical two-stage speed reducer having an intermediate shaft 7 and an output shaft 8 in addition to the input shaft 3.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a structure in which the cooling fan is cooled by directly applying air from a cooling fan to a so-called oil cooler unit with fins (lubricating oil cooling device in the lubricating oil passage). ing. Patent Document 2 further proposes a cooling structure in which a fan cover having a spiral protrusion on the inner periphery thereof is provided at an outer position of the cooling fan. The fan cover is provided with a discharge port, and an air passage through which air generated by the cooling fan passes is formed between the discharge port and the lubricating oil passage.

JP 2003-322224 A JP-A-8-105521

  However, the cooling method in which a cooling fan is attached to the speed reducer as in Patent Document 1 tries to cool the entire casing of the speed reducer with a large volume, so that the temperature reduction effect is low.

  In addition, a speed reducer equipped with an oil cooler unit as in Patent Document 2 can lower the temperature of the lubricating oil itself, so that it can be expected to have a corresponding cooling effect, but is expensive and complicated. Moreover, since the size and weight of the entire speed reducer also increase, a wider installation place is required.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve such a conventional problem, and has a simple structure, is inexpensive, and can reduce the speed at which the heat load is most likely to be efficiently cooled. The challenge is to provide a machine.

The present invention includes a first bearing that supports a gear shaft, and a bearing casing portion that protrudes from a casing surface near the gear shaft in a casing surface through which the gear shaft passes and accommodates the first bearing. reduction gear casing and, of the gear shaft, a cooling fan that is attached to a position that allows supplying cooling air to the bearing housing portion, the cooling fan and the bearing casing portion covering Utotomoni the reduction gear casing having the said covering side first bearing extends to another of the second bearing, and the fan cover guiding the cooling air generated by the cooling fan from the bearing casing into the second bearing By solving this problem, the above-mentioned problems are solved.

In the present invention, the bearing portion of because cooling truly necessary portion focuses that not occurs uniformly throughout reducer, gear shaft that require cooling (for example, the input shaft) The bearing casing portion that accommodates it is formed so as to protrude from the casing surface.

Therefore, most of the bearing portion is surrounded by a dedicated bearing casing portion, and the wide outer surface of the bearing casing portion can effectively contribute to heat dissipation . Using the wide outer surfaces of this, it is possible to perform heat dissipation to efficiently.

  The intended cooling can be realized with a simple configuration and without reducing the original transmission torque of the reduction gear.

Cross-sectional view of a speed reducer example is applied embodiment of the present invention The flat side view View of arrow III in FIGS. 1 and 2 showing the vicinity of the cooling fin Cross-sectional view of a reduction gear according to a comparative example The flat side view Sectional view showing an example of a conventional speed reducer considering the cooling function

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a speed reducer to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

  The reduction gear 10 is a parallel shaft type two-stage reduction gear using a helical gear, and is used by being connected to a motor (not shown). The speed reducer 10 includes gear shafts of an intermediate shaft 16 and an output shaft 18 in addition to an input shaft 14 that receives power from a motor via a key 12.

  The input shaft 14 is supported by a pair of bearings 20 and 22 and a first helical pinion 24 is mounted. The intermediate shaft 16 is supported by bearings 26 and 28, and a first helical gear 30 and a second helical pinion 32 that mesh with the first helical pinion 24 are mounted. The output shaft 18 is supported by bearings 34 and 36, and an output gear 38 that meshes with the second helical pinion 32 on the intermediate shaft 16 is mounted. Each of the bearings 20, 22, 26, 28, 34, and 36 is a tapered roller in order to receive an axial load applied to each gear shaft (14, 16, 18) due to rotation of a helical pinion or a helical gear. It is a type bearing. Of the pair of bearings 20 and 22 that support the input shaft 14, the motor-side bearing 20 is a bidirectional type that can receive an axial load in both directions by itself.

  The input shaft 14 rotates at a high speed, a temperature rise due to friction in the bearings 20 and 22 is large, and the input shaft 14 is placed in a severe state due to heat load.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the present invention is applied to the vicinity of the motor-side bearing 20 among the pair of bearings 20 and 22 that support the input shaft (gear shaft) 14. More specifically, the bearing 20 (at least half of the bearing 20) is disposed outside the basic center line (center line ignoring small protrusions) L1 in the vicinity of the input shaft 14 of the casing 40 of the speed reducer 10. .

On the other hand, the casing 40 of the speed reducer 10 has a bearing casing portion 44 that houses the bearing 20. The bearing housing portion 44 corresponds to the outer shift of the bearing 20, the input shaft 14 is formed so as to protrude from the input shaft 14 near the front surface 40A1 of the casing surface 40A extending through. An oil seal 48 is mounted between the front end of the bearing casing portion 44 and the input shaft 14 so that the airtightness inside and outside the casing 40 is maintained.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the outer surface 44 </ b> A of the bearing casing portion 44 is cut in parallel to the vertical direction to form a pair of flat surface portions 50 (50 </ b> A, 50 </ b> B). Cooling fins 52 (52A, 52B) are detachably attached to the flat portion 50 by means such as bolts (not shown).

  Although not depicted in FIG. 3, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cooling fan mounting member 54 is press-fitted or attached to the input shaft 14 by a bolt (not shown). A cooling fan 58 is attached to the cooling fan attachment member 54 via the via.

  In addition, a fan cover 60 that covers the cooling fan 58 together with the bearing casing portion 44 and the cooling fins 52 is attached to the casing 40 of the speed reducer 10 by bolts (not shown) or the like. A part of the fan cover 60 extends through the side surface 40B of the casing 40 of the speed reducer 10 to the side opposite to the motor of the speed reducer 10, and is formed between the side surface 40B and the back surface 40C of the casing 40. The vicinity of the bearing 22 on the non-motor side of the input shaft 14 can also be cooled via the air passage 62.

  Next, the operation of the speed reducer 10 according to this embodiment will be described.

  When a motor shaft of a motor (not shown) rotates, the input shaft 14 connected to the motor shaft via the key 12 rotates. When the input shaft 14 rotates, the intermediate shaft 16 rotates through the engagement of the first helical pinion 24 and the first helical gear 30, and further, the output shaft 18 rotates through the engagement of the second helical pinion 32 and the output gear 38. To do.

At this time, the cooling fan 58 rotates integrally with the input shaft 14 as the input shaft 14 rotates, and supplies cooling air to the bearing casing portion 44 of the casing 40. Bearing casing 44, because it protrudes from the front surface 40A1 in the vicinity of the input shaft 14 of the casing 40, a large surface area. Moreover, since the pair of cooling fins 52 (52A, 52B) are attached to the outer surface 44A (specifically, the flat surface portion 50) of the bearing casing portion 44, a very large heat radiation area in the vicinity of the bearing 20 is ensured. Therefore, the heat in the vicinity of the bearing 20 is radiated efficiently.

Furthermore, since the cooling fan 58 always carries away the warmed air in the vicinity of the cooling fins 52 to other places, the cooling fins 52 are continuously supplied with cold air that is more easily heat-exchanged. Thus, heat dissipation is further promoted. Flow of air by the cooling fan 58, because it is guided along the side surface 40 B and the back 40 C of the casing 40 without being wasted diverged by the fan cover 60, the side surface 40B and the back 40C of the casing 40, in particular The vicinity of the bearing 22 on the non-motor side of the input shaft 14 is also efficiently cooled.

A flat surface portion 50 is formed on the outer surface 44 </ b> A of the bearing casing portion 44, and the cooling fins 52 are detachably disposed on the flat surface portion 50 . Therefore, when the environment changes, depending on the application, for example, the cooling fin 52 is replaced with a larger one, or only one side (for example, only the right cooling fin 52A in FIG. 3) is attached due to the installation location. It can also be used with a large degree of freedom in mounting.

In the above-described embodiment, the two-stage parallel shaft type speed reducer 10 having the helical gear set is shown, but the speed reducer according to the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the gear shaft to be cooled gear shaft (in this case, the input shaft) orthogonal to the in addition to the 114 (if the intermediate shaft 116 and output shaft 118 of this) Even if it is what is called a orthogonal reduction gear which has, the effect of this invention can be acquired substantially similarly . This figure 4, in the case of FIG. 5 (Comparative Example), and the bevel pinion 124 is mounted on the distal end of the input shaft 114, bevel gear 130 meshing with the bevel pinion 124 to the intermediate shaft 116 is mounted .

However, also in this comparative example , the bearing 120 on the motor (not shown) side of the input shaft 114 is disposed outside the basic center line L2 near the input shaft 114 in the casing 140 of the speed reducer 110. bearing casing portion 144 correspondingly is, the input shaft 114 protrudes from the front surface 140A1 near the input shaft 114 of the casing surface 140A extending through. Also on the outer surface 144A of the bearing housing 144, cooling fins 152 (152A, 152B) is attached. Therefore, also in this comparative example , efficient cooling can be performed by the synergistic effect of the protrusion of the bearing casing portion 144 and the arrangement of the cooling fins 152.

The cooling fan 158 and Fankaba -1 60 is attached to the reducer 110 in this comparative example. However, in this comparative example , in consideration of the fact that the casing 140 of the speed reducer 110 is long in the axial direction of the input shaft 114, the fan cover 160 forms a ring-shaped opening 160A on the non-motor side of the fan cover 160, The entire casing 140 of the speed reducer 110 is designed to be cooled through the opening 160A.

Since other configurations are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the portions having the same functions in the drawing, but the duplicate description is omitted.

In the above embodiments and comparative examples, but the input shaft has been selected as the gear shaft mounting the cooling Fi down及 beauty cooling fan, gear shaft to be attached object in the present invention is not particularly limited to the input shaft . For example, if the vicinity of the gear shaft other than the input shaft such as the intermediate shaft and the output shaft is required to be cooled in relation to the installation location, the gear shaft bearing is accommodated instead of the input shaft or together with the input shaft. The bearing casing portion may be protruded from the surface of the casing surface in the vicinity thereof. The present invention may be applied only to a gear shaft other than the input shaft, or the present invention may be applied to both bearings of a specific gear shaft. In either case, it is possible to efficiently cool as in the previous embodiments the vicinity bearing of this tooth axle.

  Further, in the present invention, a flat portion is provided on a part of the outer surface of the bearing casing portion, and consideration has been given so that the cooling fin can be easily attached using this flat portion. However, the formation of the flat portion is not necessarily required. Not necessary.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the cooling fin is detachable, for example, replaced with a cooling fin having a different size (or different cooling capacity), or a specific one of the outer surface of the bearing casing part in relation to the installation location. Although the cooling fin can be attached only to the portion, the cooling fin according to the present invention does not necessarily need to be detachable and may be fixedly provided.

  The present invention is applicable to a reduction gear used under severe heat load environments or operating conditions.

10 ... Reducer 14 ... Input shaft (gear shaft)
16 ... Intermediate shaft (gear shaft)
18 ... Output shaft (gear shaft)
20, 22, 26, 28, 34, 36 ... Bearing 40 ... Casing 40A ... Casing surface 40A1 ... Surface 42A ... Surface 44 ... Bearing casing portion 44A ... Outer surface 46 ... Side portion 48 ... Oil seal 50 ... Plane portion 52 ... Cooling Fin 54 ... Cooling fan mounting member 58 ... Cooling fan 60 ... Fan cover 62 ... Air path L1 ... Basic center line

Claims (3)

A first bearing that supports the gear shaft;
A reduction gear casing having a bearing casing portion that is formed to project from a casing surface in the vicinity of the gear shaft in a casing surface through which the gear shaft passes, and that accommodates the first bearing;
A cooling fan attached to the gear shaft at a position where cooling air can be supplied to the bearing casing portion;
The said cooling fan and the bearing casing portion covering Utotomoni the reduction gear side of the first bearing covers of the casing extends to a different second bearing, the cooling air generated by the cooling fan A speed reducer comprising: a fan cover that guides the bearing casing portion to the second bearing. In claim 1, further comprising:
A speed reducer in which cooling fins for cooling the bearing casing part are arranged on the outer surface of the bearing casing part. In claim 1 or 2,
The speed reducer includes another gear shaft that is orthogonal to the gear shaft.

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