JP5046751B2 - Method of using liquid containing low concentration of combustible organic substance and fuel providing system for combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for using a liquid containing a low-concentration combustible organic substance, and a fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus.

  Conventionally, a technique for atomizing and burning liquid fuel by ultrasonic vibration is known. When the liquid fuel is atomized in this way, an improvement in ignitability is expected, and it is considered that the control of the combustion amount becomes easier. In the case of the configuration of Patent Document 1, an ultrasonic vibrator is installed at the bottom of the fuel storage portion of the apparatus main body, and the liquid fuel is ejected from the fuel liquid surface while being atomized by ultrasonic vibration. An air supply chamber and a fuel atomization chamber are formed by the section, and an air guide plate is provided to send combustion air along the liquid level to the fuel atomization chamber.

  Moreover, in the case of patent document 2, the structure which supplies the atomized fuel produced | generated by the ultrasonic generator to the preheating burner for preheating the vaporizer | carburetor of a main burner, and burns atomized fuel with this preheating burner head is described. Has been.

  Patent Document 3 discloses that when animal or vegetable oil, for example, waste edible oil, is used as a fuel, first, a gas burner is ignited and burned with a fuel such as city gas, whereby the edible oil can be burned in the combustion chamber. When the reaction zone (50 ° C.) is reached, waste edible oil is burned as fuel, and a gas burner for fuel such as city gas is stopped. Waste edible oil may contain water, but it is described that it is preferably within 40% by weight. For more detailed explanation, waste tempura oil contains 10% by weight of water. Are listed. Moreover, when using animal and vegetable oils containing water, it is described that an emulsion of water and animal and vegetable oils is surely formed (miniaturized) by a mixer, and then an emulsion is further formed (miniaturized) by ultrasonic waves. ing.

  In the case of the above-mentioned patent documents 1 and 2, both are methods for directly atomizing liquid fuel by ultrasonic vibration. Moreover, in the case of patent document 3, the waste cooking oil containing water is refined | miniaturized by ultrasonic vibration (emulsion formation), and it is not the method of atomizing.

  The liquid fuel has a high concentration of combustible substances, and can be easily ignited and burned by using any ignition means. Moreover, when the waste cooking oil containing water is emulsified, it easily ignites and burns when the flammable reaction temperature is reached.

JP-A-10-38220 (Claim 1) JP-A-10-246408 (Claim 1) JP 2003-294221 A (paragraphs 0008, 0012, 0017, 0032)

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the current state of the prior art, without directly atomizing liquid fuel and using it for fuel, without emulsifying water-containing oil and using it for fuel, A low-concentration combustible organic material that can be used as a fuel for a combustion device by atomizing a liquid containing a low-concentration combustible organic material that does not ignite or burn under normal conditions. It aims at providing the utilization method of the liquid containing a substance. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus that can use a liquid containing a low concentration of combustible organic substance as a fuel for the combustion apparatus.

The above-mentioned subject is achieved by the invention described in each claim. In other words, the method of using a liquid containing a low concentration of combustible organic substance is:
Atomized liquid containing a low concentration of combustible organic matter using an ultrasonic atomizer,
A highly concentrated combustible organic material-containing atomized body obtained by the atomization is used as a fuel for a combustion apparatus.

  According to this configuration, the low-concentration combustible organic substance-containing liquid is atomized using an ultrasonic atomizer, and the resulting high-concentration combustible organic-containing atomized body is used as fuel for the combustor. Can do. “Combustible organic substances” are, for example, alcohols, and examples thereof include methanol, ethanol, butanol and the like. “Low concentration” is a concentration in a range in which a combustible organic substance-containing liquid does not spontaneously ignite or ignite / combust by an ignition means at room temperature (for example, an average temperature of 6 to 28 ° C.). If the combustible organic substance is an alcohol, it is 20% or less. “High concentration” means the concentration of the combustible organic substance-containing atomized material in a range that can be ignited and combusted by the ignition means at room temperature, and varies depending on the combustible organic material. 60% or more. The ultrasonic atomizer can form an atomized body having a concentration in the range of 60 to 99% depending on the liquid containing the combustible organic substance, the operating conditions, and the like. The “combustion device” is, for example, a burner or the like. The combustion apparatus is provided in, for example, a waste heat recovery facility (for example, a boiler) or a prime mover (for example, a gas engine, a gas turbine, or the like).

  In addition, as an example of a preferred embodiment of the above configuration, when forming the atomized body, gaseous fuel or combustion air is supplied to the ultrasonic atomizer.

  According to this structure, gaseous fuel or combustion air can be supplied and the formation conditions of the atomized body can be controlled. Furthermore, since the gaseous fuel or combustion air and the atomized body are naturally mixed and provided to the combustion apparatus, the combustion force can be controlled. That is, it is possible to supply gas fuel when combustion by the atomized body is weak (detectable by a temperature sensor or the like), and supply combustion air when combustion by the atomized body is stabilized. Moreover, when supplying gaseous fuel, it can comprise so that an atomization body may become auxiliary fuel, and it can be comprised so that gaseous fuel may be used as auxiliary fuel conversely.

In addition, another fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus according to the present invention includes:
Equipped with an ultrasonic atomizer that atomizes a liquid containing low concentrations of combustible organic matter,
A highly concentrated combustible organic substance-containing atomized body obtained by the atomization is used as a fuel for a combustion apparatus.

  According to this structure, the ultrasonic atomizer which atomizes the liquid containing a low concentration combustible organic substance is provided, and the atomized body containing the high concentration combustible organic substance obtained thereby is used as a fuel for the combustion apparatus. be able to. The specific configuration of the ultrasonic atomizer will be described later.

  Further, the ultrasonic atomizer includes a detection unit (atomized body concentration detection unit, atomized body generation amount detection unit) that detects the concentration of the atomized body or the generation amount per unit time, and the detected result. Accordingly, it is preferable to include a liquid temperature control unit that controls the temperature of the liquid containing the low concentration combustible organic matter. An atomized body having a high concentration can be generated in proportion to the temperature of the liquid. In addition, the amount of atomized product increases in proportion to the temperature of the liquid.

  In addition, the ultrasonic atomizer includes a liquid level detection means for detecting the liquid level height (distance from the ultrasonic transducer to the liquid level) of the liquid containing the low-concentration combustible organic substance, the liquid level height It is preferable to provide a liquid level control means (or control mechanism) that controls to supply the liquid so that the liquid level height (value) obtained by the height detection means is kept constant. By keeping the liquid level constant, the atomized body can be generated satisfactorily. Although it is possible to control the ultrasonic vibration force according to the liquid level, it is preferable to keep the ultrasonic vibration force constant while keeping the liquid level constant because the atomization conditions are stable. .

  In addition, as an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when forming the atomized body, it further includes supply means for supplying gaseous fuel or combustion air to the ultrasonic atomizer. Examples of the supply means include a compressor, and are provided with a flow rate control mechanism, a temperature adjustment mechanism, and the like.

  According to this structure, a supply means can supply gaseous fuel or combustion air to an ultrasonic atomizer, and can perform formation of an atomization body favorably.

  In addition, a detection unit (atomized body concentration detection unit, atomized body generation amount detection unit) that detects the concentration of the atomized body or a generation amount per unit time, and a carrier gas (for example, according to the detected result) It is preferable to include a carrier gas flow rate control unit that controls the flow rate of gaseous fuel or combustion air. An atomized body having a high concentration can be generated in proportion to the flow rate of the carrier gas. Further, the amount of atomized product generated increases in proportion to the flow rate of the carrier gas.

  In addition, a detection unit (atomized body concentration detection unit, atomized body generation amount detection unit) that detects the concentration of the atomized body or a generation amount per unit time, and a carrier gas (for example, according to the detected result) It is preferable to include a carrier gas temperature control unit that controls the temperature of the gas fuel or combustion air. An atomized body having a high concentration can be generated in proportion to the temperature of the carrier gas. Also, the amount of atomized product increases in proportion to the temperature of the carrier gas.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the overall configuration of a fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the ultrasonic atomizer.

  1 and 2, the ultrasonic atomizer 2 includes an ultrasonic transducer 201 and a liquid container 202. As the ultrasonic transducer 201, a known ultrasonic transducer can be used. Further, although the ultrasonic transducer 201 is installed at the bottom of the liquid container 202, it may be installed parallel to the bottom, or may be installed obliquely as shown in FIG. The atomized body 5 can be generated better when installed obliquely. A plurality of ultrasonic transducers 201 may be installed. The ultrasonic vibration force is controlled by a control unit (not shown). When a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 201 are installed obliquely, it is preferable to install them so that the liquid columns do not interfere with each other.

  The liquid container 202 is provided with a supply port for supplying a liquid containing a low concentration combustible organic substance. As shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the supply port be installed below the liquid level because the liquid flow can be reduced. The liquid container 202 is provided with a supply port for introducing combustion air or gaseous fuel as a carrier gas into the liquid container 202. Moreover, the exit for providing the produced | generated atomized body 5 to the combustion apparatus 3 side is provided. In FIG. 2, the position of the carrier gas supply port and the position of the atomizer outlet are provided so as to face each other via the container center position. As another embodiment, the position of the carrier gas supply port and the position of the atomizer outlet need not be configured to face each other via the container center position. Moreover, you may provide the board | plate material for changing the flow direction of carrier gas. The size and material of the liquid container 202 are not particularly limited, and can be set according to the specifications of the downstream combustion device 3 and the specifications of the liquid.

  The ultrasonic atomizer 2 also includes an atomizer concentration detection means 21 for detecting the concentration of the atomized body 5 (combustible organic substance-containing concentration), the inside of the liquid container, the atomizer outlet, or the atomizer outlet piping. It is installed inside. The atomized body concentration detection means 21 is not particularly limited, and a known concentration detection device can be applied. For example, when alcohols are contained as combustible organic substances, an alcohol concentration detector can be used.

  The ultrasonic atomizer 2 also includes an atomizer generation amount detection means 22 for detecting the amount of atomizer 5 generated per unit time, inside the liquid container, the atomizer outlet section or the atomizer outlet piping. It is installed inside. The atomized product production amount detection means 22 is not particularly limited, and a known production amount detection device can be applied. For example, when alcohols are contained as combustible organic substances, a semiconductor sensor type alcohol concentration meter can be used. .

  The liquid temperature control unit 23 can control the temperature of the liquid according to the concentration value and / or the generation amount detected above. The temperature of the liquid can be adjusted by providing an electric heating jacket (not shown) on the wall surface of the liquid container 202 and controlling it. Further, the temperature of the liquid supplied from the liquid supply device 6 is similarly controlled. By controlling the liquid temperature in the range of 5 to 50 ° C., the atomized body 5 can be generated stably and satisfactorily. For example, when the concentration value is about 60 mol% or less, the liquid temperature is controlled in the range of 5 to 50 ° C.

  The ultrasonic atomizer 2 also includes a liquid level detector 24 that detects the liquid level height h (distance from the ultrasonic transducer 201 to the liquid level). The liquid level detector 24 is not particularly limited, and a known liquid level detector can be applied. For example, an ultrasonic level sensor, a floating detector, or the like can be used.

  The liquid level control means 25 transmits a command to the liquid supply device 6 so as to keep the detected liquid level height h constant. In response to this command, the liquid supply device 6 can supply the liquid while increasing or decreasing the supply amount of the liquid. The liquid level height h is 30 mm or less, preferably 20 mm or less.

  The carrier gas supply means 1 includes a cylinder for storing carrier gas, a compressor as a carrier pressure source, a carrier gas flow rate control mechanism (orifice, flow rate control valve, etc.), a temperature control mechanism (heat exchanger, etc.), and the like. . Examples of the carrier gas include combustion air, liquid fuel, oxygen, and the like.

  Further, the carrier gas flow rate control unit 26 commands the supply unit 1 (flow rate control mechanism) in order to control the flow rate of the carrier gas according to the concentration value and / or the generated amount detected above.

  Further, the carrier gas temperature control unit 27 commands the supply unit 1 (temperature adjustment mechanism) to control the temperature of the carrier gas in accordance with the concentration value and / or generation amount detected above. The temperature of the carrier gas is preferably higher by 10 to 20 ° C. or more than the temperature in the ultrasonic atomizer 2.

  Further, the carrier gas flow rate control unit 26 and the carrier gas temperature control unit 27 are provided in the ultrasonic atomizer 2, but may be provided on the carrier gas supply unit 1 side. In this case, the detected values by the atomized body concentration detection means 21 and the atomized body generation amount detection means 22 are transmitted to the supply means 1.

  Control unit (not shown), liquid temperature control unit 23, liquid level control means 25, carrier gas flow rate control unit 26 and carrier gas temperature control unit 27 realize hardware resources such as UPU and memory and their functions. It can be configured by a cooperative action with a software program for the purpose, or can be configured by a dedicated circuit, firmware, or the like.

The combustion device 3 is a burner, for example. In order to obtain a required amount of combustion in the combustion device 3, supply amounts of the atomized body 5 and the carrier gas (liquid fuel, combustion air) are set. Moreover, the waste heat recovery apparatus 4 is a boiler, for example. In the case of a boiler with an evaporation rate of 2000 kg / h, if 90% of the heat is used as conventional fuel and the remaining 10% is supplemented by this device, it is necessary to supply about 35 kg / h of an atomized body with an ethanol concentration of 60 V%. is there. The amount of air required as the carrier air for the ultrasonic atomizer is 1 to 2.5 m ³ N / kg-mist. Since the combustion air is 3.0 to 3.5 m ³ N / kg-mist, it is possible to cover the carrier air with a part of the combustion air.

  According to the above embodiment, the liquid containing a low-concentration combustible organic substance that does not ignite and burn in a normal state is atomized by ultrasonic vibration, and the atomized atomized body is used as fuel for the combustion apparatus. A method for using a liquid containing a low-concentration combustible organic substance and a fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus could be successfully constructed.

The figure for demonstrating the whole structure of the fuel provision system for combustion apparatuses The figure for demonstrating the structure of an ultrasonic atomizer

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Supply means 2 Ultrasonic atomizer 21 Atomized body density | concentration detection means 22 Atomized body production | generation amount detection means 23 Liquid temperature control part 24 Liquid level height detection means 25 Liquid level height control means 26 Carrier gas flow rate control part 27 Carrier gas temperature control unit 3 Combustion device 4 Waste heat recovery device 5 Atomized body 6 Liquid supply device

Claims (7)

Atomized liquid containing a low concentration of combustible organic matter using an ultrasonic atomizer,
The detection means detects the concentration of the high-concentration combustible organic substance-containing atomized product obtained by the atomization or the amount produced per unit time,
According to the result detected by the detection means, the temperature of the liquid containing the low concentration combustible organic substance is controlled by a liquid temperature control unit,
A high-concentration combustible organic material-containing atomized body obtained by the atomization is used as a fuel for a combustion apparatus ,
The low-concentration combustible organic substance-containing liquid does not spontaneously ignite at a temperature of 6 to 28 ° C. and does not ignite or burn by an ignition means.
The atomized body containing a high concentration combustible organic substance is ignited and burned by an ignition means at a temperature of 6 to 28 ° C., and uses a liquid containing a low concentration combustible organic substance.   2. The low-concentration combustible organic substance-containing material according to claim 1, wherein when forming the atomized body, gaseous fuel or combustion air is supplied to the ultrasonic atomizer. How to use liquid. An ultrasonic atomizer for atomizing a liquid containing a low concentration of combustible organic matter ;
Detection means for detecting the concentration of the high-concentration combustible organic substance-containing atomized product obtained by the atomization or the amount produced per unit time;
A liquid temperature control unit that controls the temperature of the low-concentration combustible organic substance-containing liquid according to the result detected by the detection means ;
A high-concentration combustible organic-containing atomized body obtained by the atomization is used as a fuel for a combustion device ,
The low-concentration combustible organic substance-containing liquid does not spontaneously ignite at a temperature of 6 to 28 ° C. and does not ignite or burn by an ignition means.
The fuel providing system for a combustion apparatus , wherein the atomized body containing a high concentration of combustible organic matter is ignited and burned by an ignition means at a temperature of 6 to 28 ° C.   The fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising supply means for supplying gaseous fuel or combustion air to the ultrasonic atomization apparatus when forming the atomized body. The fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a carrier gas flow rate control unit that controls a flow rate of the gaseous fuel or combustion air according to a result detected by the detection unit. 6. The fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a carrier gas temperature control unit that controls a temperature of the gaseous fuel or combustion air according to a result detected by the detection means. Liquid level detection means for detecting the liquid level height of the liquid containing the low concentration combustible organic matter,
  The liquid level height control means for controlling to supply the liquid so that the liquid level height obtained by the liquid level height detection means is kept constant is further provided. A fuel supply system for a combustion apparatus according to claim 1.

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