JP5046472B2 - Cement admixture and cement composition - Google Patents
Cement admixture and cement composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP5046472B2 JP5046472B2 JP2003323686A JP2003323686A JP5046472B2 JP 5046472 B2 JP5046472 B2 JP 5046472B2 JP 2003323686 A JP2003323686 A JP 2003323686A JP 2003323686 A JP2003323686 A JP 2003323686A JP 5046472 B2 JP5046472 B2 JP 5046472B2
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
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- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- CPGKMLVTFNUAHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Ca] Chemical compound [Ca].[Ca] CPGKMLVTFNUAHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium formate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- CHRHZFQUDFAQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC([O-])=O.OCC([O-])=O CHRHZFQUDFAQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
Description
本発明は、主に、建築、土木、及びコンクリート製品分野において使用され、ひび割れ発生を防止する目的で使用するセメント混和材及びセメント組成物に関する。なお、本発明でいうコンクリートとは、セメントペースト、セメントモルタル、及びセメントコンクリートを総称するものである。 The present invention mainly relates to a cement admixture and a cement composition that are used in the field of construction, civil engineering, and concrete products, and are used for the purpose of preventing the occurrence of cracks. The concrete referred to in the present invention is a generic term for cement paste, cement mortar, and cement concrete.
近年、コンクリート構造物に要求される性能は益々高まっており特に耐久性の向上が課題となっている。また、コンクリート構造物の早期劣化も大きな社会問題になっており、劣化部を耐久性に優れた材料で補修する工事も急増している。従って、新設のコンクリート構造物の場合はコンクリート自体の性能改善、既設構造物の補修では、新たに修復する補修材料自体の性能改善が重要である。 In recent years, the performance required for concrete structures has been increasing, and in particular, improvement of durability has become a problem. In addition, early deterioration of concrete structures has become a major social problem, and the construction of repairing deteriorated parts with materials having excellent durability has been rapidly increasing. Therefore, in the case of a new concrete structure, it is important to improve the performance of the concrete itself, and in the repair of the existing structure, it is important to improve the performance of the repair material itself to be newly repaired.
従来、新規にコンクリート構造物を構築する場合は、膨張材をコンクリートに使用している（非特許文献１参照）。膨張材の役割は、鉄筋等の拘束体で拘束されたとき膨張によってコンクリートに導入される圧縮応力（ケミカルプレストレス）が、収縮に起因する引張応力を相殺又は低減させることで発生するひび割れを低減させるものである。さらには、もっと大きな膨張力をコンクリートに付与し、外力によって発生する引張応力にも抵抗することが可能であり、主にコンクリート製品に利用されている。 Conventionally, when a concrete structure is newly constructed, an expansion material is used for concrete (see Non-Patent Document 1). The role of the expansion material is to reduce the cracks that occur when the compressive stress (chemical prestress) introduced into the concrete by expansion cancels or reduces the tensile stress due to shrinkage when constrained by a restraint such as a reinforcing bar. It is something to be made. Furthermore, it is possible to apply a larger expansion force to concrete and resist tensile stress generated by external force, and it is mainly used for concrete products.
また、ひび割れを低減させるために乾燥収縮低減剤も使用する場合もある（非特許文献２、特許文献１及び２参照）。乾燥収縮低減剤は、主にアルコールアルキレンオキシド付加物等の有機系材料が使用されており、その役割は、コンクリート表面から逸散する水分の蒸発速度を遅くし、コンクリートを乾燥しにくくすることでひび割れを低減させるものである。 Moreover, in order to reduce a crack, a drying shrinkage reducing agent may also be used (refer nonpatent literature 2, patent documents 1 and 2). The drying shrinkage reducing agent is mainly made of organic materials such as alcohol alkylene oxide adducts, and its role is to slow the evaporation rate of moisture escaping from the concrete surface and make it difficult to dry the concrete. It reduces cracks.
特許文献１には、「一般式がＸ[O(AO)nR]mで示され、Ｘは２〜８個の水酸基を有する化合物の残基、AOは炭素数２〜１８のオキシアルキレン基、Ｒは水素原子か炭素数１〜１８の炭化水素基又は炭素数２〜１８のアシル基、ｎは３０〜１０００、ｍは２〜８であり、オキシアルキレン基の６０モル％以上はオキシエチレン基であるポリオキシアルキレン誘導体を含有してなる粉体の乾燥収縮低減剤の配合割合が、質量比でセメント：膨張材：乾燥収縮低減剤＝８０〜９８：２〜２０：０．２〜１０であることを特徴とするセメント組成物。」の発明が記載されており、特定の配合比を有するセメント、膨張材及び粉体の乾燥収縮低減剤を含有してなるセメント組成物を使用することにより、セメント、モルタル、コンクリ−ト等の硬化体の収縮量は少なく、高い曲げひび割れ強度が得られ、また、セメント組成物のプレミックス化も可能となることが記載されているが、低温環境下でのひび割れ抵抗性や凝結に関する知見は示されていない。
特許文献２には、アルコキシポリオキシアルキレン脂肪酸エステルをセメント混和用乾燥収縮防止剤として用いることにより、セメント硬化体の乾燥収縮、“ひび割れ”を顕著に抑制し、強度を高めることができることが記載されているが、同様に、低温環境下でのひび割れ抵抗性や凝結に関する知見は示されていない。
Patent Document 1 states that “a general formula is represented by X [O (AO) nR] m, X is a residue of a compound having 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, R is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an acyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, n is 30 to 1000, m is 2 to 8, and 60 mol% or more of the oxyalkylene group is an oxyethylene group The blending ratio of the dry shrinkage reducing agent of the powder containing the polyoxyalkylene derivative is cement: expansion material: dry shrinkage reducing agent = 80 to 98: 2 to 20: 0.2 to 10 by mass ratio. By using a cement composition comprising a cement having a specific blending ratio, an expansion material, and a powder drying shrinkage reducing agent. Shrinkage of hardened materials such as cement, mortar, concrete, etc. Less, high flexural cracking strength can be obtained and, although it is possible also premix of cement compositions have been described, not finding indicated on Crack Resistance and condensation in a low-temperature environment.
Patent Document 2 describes that by using an alkoxypolyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester as a dry-shrinkage inhibitor for admixture with cement, drying shrinkage and “cracking” of the hardened cement can be remarkably suppressed and the strength can be increased. However, similarly, no knowledge about crack resistance and condensation in a low temperature environment has been shown.
これらの膨張材や乾燥収縮低減剤の使用箇所は、壁、屋根スラブ、及び床スラブ等の一般建築物や、水密性の向上を目的とした水槽やプール等の水理構造物、舗装や床板（マットスラブ、デッキスラブ）等の一般土木構造物、ヒューム管、鋼管ライニング、ボックスカルバート等のコンクリート製品等が挙げられる。 These expansion materials and drying shrinkage reducing agents are used for general buildings such as walls, roof slabs and floor slabs, hydraulic structures such as water tanks and pools for the purpose of improving water tightness, pavements and floor boards. General civil engineering structures such as (mat slab, deck slab), concrete products such as fume pipes, steel pipe linings, and box culverts.
また、有機酸（ギ酸、酢酸、アクリル酸）のＣａ塩等は凝結促進剤として公知である（非特許文献３）が、これらの凝結促進剤を特定の乾燥収縮低減剤と組み合わせることは従来行われていなかった。 Further, Ca salts of organic acids (formic acid, acetic acid, acrylic acid) and the like are known as setting accelerators (Non-Patent Document 3), but combining these setting accelerators with a specific drying shrinkage reducing agent has been conventionally performed. It wasn't.
上記のように、膨張材および乾燥収縮低減剤は幅広く建築、土木、及びコンクリート製品分野で使用されているが、十分な養生を行うことがケミカルプレストレス効果を発揮する条件である。しかし、補修工事等では、ひび割れ低減を目的に補修材料に膨張材を使用しても十分な養生を行えない場合が多く、ひび割れが発生しやすい環境下で施工しなければならない。特に、きびしい乾燥条件下では、施工して初期にひび割れが発生する割合が高くなる。また、乾燥条件下で施工する場合は、保水力を向上させることでひび割れ発生を抑制する乾燥収縮低減剤が有効と考えられるが、特に、低温環境下での施工では凝結を遅らせたりするといった問題があった。 As described above, the expansion material and the drying shrinkage reducing agent are widely used in the fields of architecture, civil engineering, and concrete products. However, sufficient curing is a condition for exerting a chemical prestress effect. However, in repair work and the like, there are many cases where sufficient curing cannot be performed even if an expansion material is used as a repair material for the purpose of reducing cracks, and the work must be performed in an environment where cracks are likely to occur. In particular, under severe drying conditions, the ratio of occurrence of cracks in the initial stage after construction increases. In addition, when working under dry conditions, a drying shrinkage reducing agent that suppresses the generation of cracks by improving water retention is thought to be effective. was there.
本発明者は、低温環境下でのひび割れ抵抗性の向上、凝結の促進という課題を解決すべく種々検討した結果、特定のセメント混和材を使用することによって、前期課題が解決できる知見を得て本発明を完成するに至った。
特に、特定の凝結促進効果を有する成分に、特許文献１に記載された乾燥収縮低減剤を組み合わせることにより、前期課題を解決するものである。
As a result of various investigations to solve the problems of improving crack resistance in a low temperature environment and promoting the setting, the present inventor has obtained knowledge that the previous problem can be solved by using a specific cement admixture. The present invention has been completed.
In particular, the problem of the previous period is solved by combining a drying shrinkage reducing agent described in Patent Document 1 with a component having a specific setting acceleration effect.
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために以下の手段を採用するものである。
（１）ギ酸、酢酸、グリコール酸、乳酸から選ばれた１種又は２種以上の有機カルボン酸の金属塩と、ＨＯ−（ＣＨ 2 ＣＨ 2 Ｏ） 189 −Ｈであるポリオキシアルキレン誘導体からなり、前記有機カルボン酸の金属塩がカルシウム塩であり、前記ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体が、前記有機カルボン酸の金属塩１００質量部に対して、３００〜１０００質量部であることを特徴とする低温環境下でのひび割れ低減用セメント混和材である。
（２）膨張材をさらに含有することを特徴とする前記（１）に記載のセメント混和材である。
（３）前記膨張材が、前記有機カルボン酸の金属塩１００質量部に対して、２０〜２０００質量部であることを特徴とする前記（１）又は（２）に記載のセメント混和材である。
（４）増粘剤をさらに含有することを特徴とする前記（１）〜（３）のいずれか一に記載のセメント混和材である。
（５）セメントと前記（１）〜（４）のいずれか一に記載のセメント混和材を含有することを特徴とするセメント組成物である。
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
(1) A metal salt of one or more organic carboxylic acids selected from formic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, and lactic acid, and a polyoxyalkylene derivative that is HO— (CH 2 CH 2 O) 189 —H. In a low temperature environment, the metal salt of the organic carboxylic acid is a calcium salt, and the polyoxyalkylene derivative is 300 to 1000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal salt of the organic carboxylic acid. Cement admixture for reducing cracks in
(2) The cement admixture according to (1), further including an expansion material.
(3) The cement admixture according to (1) or (2), wherein the expansion material is 20 to 2000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal salt of the organic carboxylic acid. .
(4) The cement admixture according to any one of (1) to (3), further including a thickener.
(5) A cement composition comprising cement and the cement admixture according to any one of (1) to (4).
本発明のセメント混和材及びセメント組成物を使用することにより、コンクリートの初期および長期の乾燥収縮によるひび割れを低減することが可能となる。特に、十分な養生期間を取れなかったり、風の影響を受けやすい箇所、低温環境下で水和反応が遅れたりするといった条件下の工事では、凝結の遅延を起こすことなく、大幅なひび割れ発生の抑制効果を発揮する。 By using the cement admixture and the cement composition of the present invention, it is possible to reduce cracks due to initial and long-term drying shrinkage of concrete. In particular, in the construction where conditions such as a sufficient curing period cannot be taken, where the wind is easily affected, or where the hydration reaction is delayed in a low temperature environment, significant cracking occurs without causing a delay in setting. Demonstrate the effect.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明のギ酸、酢酸、グリコール酸、乳酸から選ばれた１種又は２種以上の有機カルボン酸の金属塩は、凝結促進効果による水分蒸発速度の低減効果を発揮するものである。有機カルボン酸の金属塩の種類としては、カルシウム塩が挙げられる。これらの中で、凝結促進効果の点でギ酸のカルシウム塩が好ましい。有機カルボン酸の金属塩単独での使用は、ひび割れの抑制効果も十分ではなく、水との練混ぜ直後の流動性が良くなりすぎ、さらに可使時間も短くなり作業性が悪い。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The metal salt of one or more organic carboxylic acids selected from formic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, and lactic acid according to the present invention exhibits an effect of reducing the water evaporation rate due to the setting acceleration effect. The types of metal salts of organic carboxylic acids, calcium salts like et be. Among these, a calcium salt of formic acid is preferable in terms of a setting promoting effect. The use of a metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid alone is not sufficient in suppressing cracking, the fluidity immediately after kneading with water becomes too good, the working life is shortened, and the workability is poor.
ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体は、一般式がＸ[O(AO)nR]mで示され、Ｘは２〜８個の水酸基を有する化合物の残基、AOは炭素数２〜１８のオキシアルキレン基、Rは水素原子、炭素数１〜１８の炭化水素基、又は炭素数２〜１８のアシル基、ｎは３０〜１０００、ｍは２〜８であり、オキシアルキレン基の６０モル％以上はオキシエチレン基であるポリオキシアルキレン誘導体（以下、「ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体」という。）であり、本発明では、ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体として、ＨＯ−（ＣＨ 2 ＣＨ 2 Ｏ） 189 −Ｈを使用する。 Po polyoxyalkylene derivative is represented by the general formula is represented by X [O (AO) nR] m, X is the residue of a compound having 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, R is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an acyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, n is 30 to 1000, m is 2 to 8, and 60 mol% or more of the oxyalkylene group is oxyethylene. polyoxyalkylene derivative (hereinafter, referred to as "polyoxyalkylene derivative".) group der is, in the present invention, as the polyoxyalkylene derivatives, that use HO- (CH 2 CH 2 O) 189 -H.
ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体の使用量は、有機カルボン酸金属塩１００質量部に対して、３００〜１０００質量部である。１００質量部未満では乾燥収縮低減効果が得られず、１５００質量部を超えると凝結促進効果、強度発現が阻害される場合がある。 The usage-amount of a polyoxyalkylene derivative is 300-1000 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of organic carboxylic acid metal salt. If the amount is less than 100 parts by mass, the drying shrinkage reduction effect cannot be obtained. If the amount exceeds 1500 parts by mass, the setting acceleration effect and the strength expression may be inhibited.
本発明の膨張材は、一般に市販されているものが使用でき特に限定されるものではなく、カルシウムサルホアルミネート系膨張材、カルシウムアルミノフェライト系膨張材、石灰系膨張材いずれも使用できる。
膨張材の使用量は、有機カルボン酸金属塩１００質量部に対して、２０〜２０００質量部がこのましく、１００〜１０００質量部がより好ましい。２０質量部未満では収縮低減効果が得られない場合があり、２０００質量部を超えても収縮低減効果は飽和する場合がある。
The expansion material of this invention can use what is generally marketed, and is not specifically limited, Any calcium calcium aluminate type expansion material, calcium alumino ferrite type expansion material, and lime type expansion material can be used.
As for the usage-amount of an expansion | swelling material, 20-2000 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of organic carboxylic acid metal salt, and 100-1000 mass parts is more preferable. If it is less than 20 parts by mass, the shrinkage reduction effect may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 2000 parts by mass, the shrinkage reduction effect may be saturated.
本発明の増粘剤は、モルタルの粘度を調整したり、保水力を向上させたり、ブリーディングを抑制したりする役目を果す。補修工事等ではコテ塗りで施工する場合が多く、そのときはコテ仕上げ性を良好にする作用もある。特に限定されるものではないが、一般に水溶性高分子物質と呼ばれているもので、メチルセルロース、グアーガム、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸やそのナトリウム塩やカリウム塩、及びポリエチレンオキサイドなどが挙げられる。
増粘剤の使用量は、有機カルボン酸類１００質量部に対して、０．１〜５質量部が好ましく、０．３〜３質量部がより好ましい。０．１質量部未満ではブリーディングを抑制する効果が発揮されない場合があり、５質量部を超えるとブリーディングはないが粘性が強くなり作業性が悪くなる場合がある。
The thickener of the present invention plays a role of adjusting the viscosity of the mortar, improving water retention, and suppressing bleeding. In repair work, etc., there are many cases where construction is performed with a trowel coating, and in that case, there is also an effect of improving the trowel finishing property. Although not particularly limited, it is generally called a water-soluble polymer substance, and examples thereof include methyl cellulose, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and its sodium salt and potassium salt, and polyethylene oxide. It is done.
0.1-5 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of organic carboxylic acids, and, as for the usage-amount of a thickener, 0.3-3 mass parts is more preferable. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the effect of suppressing bleeding may not be exhibited. If the amount exceeds 5 parts by mass, there is no bleeding, but the viscosity may increase and workability may deteriorate.
本発明のセメント混和材の使用量は、セメント１００質量部に対して１〜１５質量部が好ましく、３〜１０質量部がより好ましい。１．０質量部未満では、ひび割れ低減効果が期待できない場合があり、１５質量部を超えるとコンクリートの流動性を悪くする場合がある。 1-15 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of cement, and, as for the usage-amount of the cement admixture of this invention, 3-10 mass parts is more preferable. If the amount is less than 1.0 part by mass, the crack reduction effect may not be expected. If the amount exceeds 15 parts by mass, the fluidity of the concrete may be deteriorated.
本発明のセメント組成物とは、JIS R 5210に規定されている各種ポルトランドセメント、JIS R 5211, JIS R 5212, およびJIS R 5213に規定された各種混合セメント、JISに規定された以上の混和材混入率で製造した高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメントおよびシリカセメント、石灰石粉末等を混合したフィラーセメント、アルミナセメントから選ばれる１種又は２種以上と本発明のセメント混和材を併用したものである。 The cement composition of the present invention includes various portland cements specified in JIS R 5210, various mixed cements specified in JIS R 5211, JIS R 5212, and JIS R 5213, and admixtures more than specified in JIS. The cement admixture of the present invention is used in combination with one or more selected from blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica cement, filler cement mixed with limestone powder, and alumina cement manufactured at a mixing rate.
このセメント組成物には、砂や砂利等の骨材の他、減水剤、AE減水剤、高性能AE減水剤、AE剤、消泡剤、防錆剤、撥水剤、高分子エマルジョン、ベントナイト等の粘土鉱物、ビニロン繊維や鋼繊維等の繊維類のうち１種又は２種以上を本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で使用することが可能である。 In addition to aggregates such as sand and gravel, this cement composition includes water reducing agents, AE water reducing agents, high performance AE water reducing agents, AE agents, antifoaming agents, rust preventives, water repellents, polymer emulsions, bentonite. It is possible to use 1 type, or 2 or more types within the range which does not inhibit the objective of this invention among fibers, such as clay minerals, such as vinylon fiber, and steel fiber.
本発明の混和材を製造する際に使用する混合装置としては、既存のいかなる攪拌装置が使用可能であり、例えば、傾胴ミキサー、オムニミキサー、Ｖ型ミキサー、ヘンシェルミキサー、及びナウターミキサー等が使用可能である。また、混合については、それぞれの材料を施工時に混合してもよく、あらかじめ一部を、あるいは全部を混合しておいてもかまわない。混合順序は特に限定されるものではない。
以下、実施例により本発明を詳細に説明する。
As the mixing device used when producing the admixture of the present invention, any existing stirring device can be used, for example, a tilting barrel mixer, an omni mixer, a V-type mixer, a Henschel mixer, a Nauter mixer, and the like. It can be used. Moreover, about mixing, each material may be mixed at the time of construction, and a part or all may be mixed beforehand. The mixing order is not particularly limited.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
有機カルボン酸金属塩１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体を表に示すように加え（質量部、以下同じ）セメント混和材とし、セメント１００質量部に対してセメント混和材を６質量部加えセメント組成物とした。次いで、セメント組成物１００質量部に対し、砂２００質量部、水６０質量部加えたモルタル作製した。
１ｃｍ厚みで充填できるように周囲に型枠を配置した縦３０cm×横３０cm×厚さ６cmの表面をサンドブラストしたコンクリート板に作製したモルタルを充填し、表面のコテ仕上げを行い１日後のひび割れ発生状態、圧縮強度を測定した。尚、養生は温度５℃、湿度４０％の室内で行った。結果を表１に示す。
（使用材料）
有機カルボン酸金属塩A：ギ酸カルシウム 市販品
有機カルボン酸金属塩B：ギ酸アルミニウム 市販品
有機カルボン酸金属塩C：酢酸カルシウム 市販品
有機カルボン酸金属塩D：グリコール酸カルシウム 市販品
有機カルボン酸金属塩E：乳酸カルシウム 市販品
ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体：ＨＯ−（ＣＨ2ＣＨ2Ｏ）189−Ｈ 市販品
セメント：普通ポルトランドセメント
砂 ：新潟県青海町産石灰砂 最大粒径１．２ｍｍ
（試験方法）
凝結時間：ASTM C 403に準拠し始発時間を測定した。
ひび割れ状態：モルタルを上記コンクリート板に打設し表面のコテ仕上げを行い、温度
５℃、湿度４０％の室内で１日間気中養生した後、表面に現われたひび
割れ本数と平均ひび割れ幅を測定した。ひび割れ本数は長さに関係なく
数え、枝分かれ状に発生したものはそれぞれ分割して数えた。平均ひび
割れ幅は、それぞれ数えたひび割れの幅を計測し本数で割った値である。
圧縮強度：供試体は４×４×１６ｃｍの３連型枠に詰め、JIS R 5201に準拠し、材齢２
８日で圧縮強度試験を行った。
A polyoxyalkylene derivative is added as shown in the table to 100 parts by mass of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt (parts by mass, the same applies hereinafter), and 6 parts by mass of cement admixture is added to 100 parts by mass of cement. It was set as the composition. Next, mortar was prepared by adding 200 parts by mass of sand and 60 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the cement composition.
Filled with mortar made of concrete with sandblasted surface of 30cm in length x 30cm in width and 6cm in thickness, with a formwork placed around it so that it can be filled with 1cm thickness. The compressive strength was measured. The curing was performed in a room at a temperature of 5 ° C. and a humidity of 40%. The results are shown in Table 1.
(Materials used)
Organic carboxylate metal salt A: Calcium formate Commercial product Organic carboxylate metal salt B: Aluminum formate Commercial product Organic carboxylate metal salt C: Calcium acetate Commercial product Organic carboxylate metal salt D: Calcium glycolate Commercial product Organic carboxylate metal salt E: calcium lactate commercially polyoxyalkylene derivative: HO- (CH 2 CH 2 O ) 189 -H commercially cement: ordinary portland cement sand: Niigata Omi cho lime sand maximum grain size 1.2mm
(Test method)
Setting time: First start time was measured according to ASTM C403.
Cracked state: Placing mortar on the above concrete board and finishing the surface with iron, temperature
Cracks that appeared on the surface after curing in the air at 5 ° C and humidity of 40% for 1 day
The number of cracks and the average crack width were measured. The number of cracks is independent of length
Counting and branching were counted separately. Average crack
The crack width is a value obtained by measuring the width of cracks counted and dividing by the number of cracks.
Compressive strength: Specimen is packed in a 4x4x16cm triple frame, in accordance with JIS R 5201, age 2
A compressive strength test was conducted in 8 days.
表１によれば、有機カルボン酸金属塩１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体１００〜１５００質量部加えることにより、ひび割れ本数が少なくなり、平均ひび割れ幅が小さくなると共に始発時間も短く維持されるから、乾燥収縮低減効果があり、凝結も遅延していないのがわかる。特に、３００〜１０００質量部の使用が、ひび割れ、凝結遅延が共に顕著に改善されるから好ましい。ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体単独では、凝結が遅延し、ひび割れも改善されない。有機カルボン酸金属塩単独では、ひび割れの抑制も十分ではなく、可使時間が短くなりすぎて作業性が悪い。 According to Table 1, by adding 100 to 1500 parts by mass of the polyoxyalkylene derivative to 100 parts by mass of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt, the number of cracks is reduced, the average crack width is reduced, and the initial time is kept short. From this, it can be seen that there is an effect of reducing drying shrinkage and that the setting is not delayed. In particular, the use of 300 to 1000 parts by mass is preferable because both cracking and setting delay are remarkably improved. The polyoxyalkylene derivative alone delays the setting and does not improve cracking. The organic carboxylic acid metal salt alone does not sufficiently suppress cracking, and the work life is too short, resulting in poor workability.
有機カルボン酸金属塩A１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体３００質量部、膨張材を表に示すように加えセメント混和材とし、セメント１００質量部に対してセメント混和材を６質量部加えセメント組成物とした。次いで、セメント組成物１００質量部に対し、砂２００質量部、水６０質量部加えたモルタル作製した。
１ｃｍ厚みで充填できるように周囲に型枠を配置した縦３０cm×横３０cm×厚さ６cmの表面をサンドブラストしたコンクリート板に作製したモルタルを充填し、表面のコテ仕上げを行い１日後のひび割れ発生状態、圧縮強度を測定した。尚、養生は温度５℃、湿度４０％の室内で行った。結果を表２に示す。
（使用材料）
膨張材A：カルシウムサルホアルミネート系膨張材 市販品
膨張材B：カルシウムアルミノフェライト系膨張材 市販品
300 parts by mass of a polyoxyalkylene derivative with respect to 100 parts by mass of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt A, and an expansion material as shown in the table are used as a cement admixture, and 6 parts by mass of the cement admixture is added to 100 parts by mass of cement. It was a thing. Next, mortar was prepared by adding 200 parts by mass of sand and 60 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the cement composition.
Filled with mortar made of concrete with sandblasted surface of 30cm in length x 30cm in width and 6cm in thickness, with a formwork placed around it so that it can be filled with 1cm thickness. The compressive strength was measured. The curing was performed in a room at a temperature of 5 ° C. and a humidity of 40%. The results are shown in Table 2.
(Materials used)
Expansion material A: Calcium sulfoaluminate-based expansion material Commercial product Expansion material B: Calcium aluminoferrite expansion material Commercial product
表２によれば、有機カルボン酸金属塩１００質量部に対して膨張材を２０〜２０００質量部加えることにより、ひび割れ本数が少なくなり、平均ひび割れ幅も小さくなっているから、乾燥収縮低減効果がさらに向上しているのがわかる。 According to Table 2, by adding 20 to 2000 parts by mass of an expanding material with respect to 100 parts by mass of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt, the number of cracks is reduced and the average crack width is also reduced. It can be seen that it is further improved.
有機カルボン酸金属塩A１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体３００質量部、増粘剤を表に示すように加えセメント混和材とし、セメント１００質量部に対してセメント混和材を６質量部加えセメント組成物とした。次いで、セメント組成物１００質量部に対し、砂２００質量部、水６０質量部加えたモルタル作製した。
１ｃｍ厚みで充填できるように周囲に型枠を配置した縦３０cm×横３０cm×厚さ６cmの表面をサンドブラストしたコンクリート板に作製したモルタルを充填し、表面の材料分離抵抗性、コテ仕上げ性、及び１日後のひび割れ発生状態を評価した。尚、養生は温度５℃、湿度４０％の室内で行った。結果を表３に示す。
（使用材料）
増粘剤：グアーガム 市販品
（試験方法）
材料分離抵抗性：コンクリート板に打設後、コテで表面を仕上げ表面にブリーディング
が現われれば×、現われなければ○とした。
コテ仕上げ性：コテ仕上げが簡単に行えれば○、粘性が強すぎコテにモルタルが付着し
きれいに仕上がらなければ×とした。
Add 300 parts by weight of polyoxyalkylene derivative to 100 parts by weight of organic carboxylic acid metal salt A and add a thickener as shown in the table to make a cement admixture. Add 6 parts by weight of cement admixture to 100 parts by weight of cement. It was set as the composition. Next, mortar was prepared by adding 200 parts by mass of sand and 60 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the cement composition.
Filled with concrete mortar made by sandblasting the surface of 30cm in length x 30cm in width and 6cm in thickness with a formwork placed around it so that it can be filled with 1cm thickness, surface material separation resistance, trowel finish, and The crack generation state after 1 day was evaluated. The curing was performed in a room at a temperature of 5 ° C. and a humidity of 40%. The results are shown in Table 3.
(Materials used)
Thickener: Guar gum Commercial product (test method)
Material separation resistance: After placing on a concrete board, finish the surface with a trowel and bleeding on the surface
× if it appears, ○ if it does not appear.
Iron finish: If the iron finish is simple, the viscosity is too strong and the mortar adheres to the iron
If it was not finished cleanly, it was rated as x.
表３によれば、有機カルボン酸金属塩１００質量部に対して増粘剤を０．１〜５．０質量部加えることにより、材料分離抵抗性が改善されているのがわかる。０．３〜３．０質量部が、材料分離抵抗性、コテ仕上げ性が共に良好であるからより好ましい。 According to Table 3, it can be seen that the material separation resistance is improved by adding 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass of a thickener with respect to 100 parts by mass of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt. 0.3 to 3.0 parts by mass is more preferable because both the material separation resistance and the soldering finish are good.
有機カルボン酸金属塩A１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体、膨張材B、増粘剤を表に示すように加えセメント混和材とし、セメント１００質量部に対してセメント混和材を６質量部加えセメント組成物とした。次いで、セメント組成物１００質量部に対し、砂２００質量部、水６０質量部加えたモルタル作製した。
１ｃｍ厚みで充填できるように周囲に型枠を配置した縦３０cm×横３０cm×厚さ６cmの表面をサンドブラストしたコンクリート板に作製したモルタルを充填し１日後のひび割れ発生状態を評価した。結果を表４に示す。
Add polyoxyalkylene derivative, expansion material B and thickener as shown in the table to 100 parts by mass of organic carboxylic acid metal salt A as a cement admixture, and add 6 parts by mass of cement admixture to 100 parts by mass of cement. A cement composition was obtained. Next, mortar was prepared by adding 200 parts by mass of sand and 60 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the cement composition.
The mortar produced in the concrete board which sandblasted the surface of 30cm in length x width 30cm x thickness 6cm which arranged the formwork in the circumference so that it can be filled with 1cm thickness was filled up, and the crack generation state after one day was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 4.
表４によれば、有機カルボン酸金属塩１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体５００〜７００質量部加えたセメント混和材は、６質量部程度の使用で十分に乾燥収縮低減効果を発揮することがわかる。 According to Table 4, the cement admixture added with 500 to 700 parts by mass of the polyoxyalkylene derivative with respect to 100 parts by mass of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt exhibits a sufficient effect of reducing drying shrinkage when used at about 6 parts by mass. I understand.
有機カルボン酸金属塩A１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体３００質量部、膨張材B１００質量部からなるセメント混和材を調整し、セメント１００質量部に対してセメント混和材を表に示すように加えセメント組成物とした。次いで、セメント組成物１００質量部に対し、砂２００質量部、水６０質量部加えたモルタル作製した。
モルタルの流動性と、１ｃｍ厚みで充填できるように周囲に型枠を配置した縦３０cm×横３０cm×厚さ６cmの表面をサンドブラストしたコンクリート板に作製したモルタルを充填し１日後のひび割れ発生状態を評価した。結果を表５に示す。
（試験方法）
流動性：JIS R 5201に規定されているフロー試験
A cement admixture consisting of 300 parts by mass of a polyoxyalkylene derivative and 100 parts by mass of an expansion material B is prepared for 100 parts by mass of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt A, and the cement admixture is added to 100 parts by mass of the cement as shown in the table. A cement composition was obtained. Next, mortar was prepared by adding 200 parts by mass of sand and 60 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the cement composition.
The flow of mortar and the condition of cracking after one day after filling mortar with concrete blasted 30cm x 30cm x 6cm thick surface with a mold placed around it so that it can be filled with 1cm thickness. evaluated. The results are shown in Table 5.
(Test method)
Flowability: Flow test specified in JIS R 5201
表５によれば、本発明のセメント混和材を、セメント１００質量部に対して１質量部以上加えるとひび割れ本数が少なくなることがわかる。１５質量部を超えるとフロー値は小さくなり流動性が低下し、ひび割れ低減効果も飽和する。３〜１０質量部の使用が、ひび割れ本数が顕著に少なくなると共に、フロー値も大きいからより好ましい。 According to Table 5, when the cement admixture of this invention is added 1 mass part or more with respect to 100 mass parts of cement, it turns out that the number of cracks decreases. When it exceeds 15 parts by mass, the flow value becomes small, the fluidity is lowered, and the crack reduction effect is saturated. The use of 3 to 10 parts by mass is more preferable because the number of cracks is significantly reduced and the flow value is also large.
有機カルボン酸金属塩A１００質量部に対してポリオキシアルキレン誘導体３００質量部、膨張材B１００質量部からなるセメント混和材を調整し、種類のことなるセメント１００質量部に対してセメント混和材を表に示すように加えセメント組成物とした。次いで、セメント組成物１００質量部に対し、砂２００質量部、水６０質量部加えたモルタル作製した。
モルタルの流動性と、１ｃｍ厚みで充填できるように周囲に型枠を配置した縦３０cm×横３０cm×厚さ６cmの表面をサンドブラストしたコンクリート板に作製したモルタルを充填し１日後のひび割れ発生状態を評価した。結果を表６に示す。
（使用材料）
セメントA：普通セメント 市販品
セメントB：早強セメント 市販品
セメントC：高炉セメントＢ種 市販品
セメントD：アルミナセメント１号 市販品
A cement admixture consisting of 300 parts by mass of a polyoxyalkylene derivative and 100 parts by mass of an expanding material B is prepared for 100 parts by mass of an organic carboxylic acid metal salt A, and the cement admixture is listed for 100 parts by mass of different types of cement. A cement composition was added as indicated. Next, mortar was prepared by adding 200 parts by mass of sand and 60 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the cement composition.
The flow of mortar and the condition of cracking after one day after filling mortar with concrete blasted 30cm x 30cm x 6cm thick surface with a mold placed around it so that it can be filled with 1cm thickness. evaluated. The results are shown in Table 6.
(Materials used)
Cement A: Ordinary cement Commercial product Cement B: Early strong cement Commercial product Cement C: Blast furnace cement Class B Commercial product Cement D: Alumina cement No. 1 Commercial product
表６によれば、セメントの種類に関係なく、本発明のセメント混和材は、６〜８質量部の使用でひび割れが顕著に改善されることがわかる。
According to Table 6, it can be seen that cracks are remarkably improved by using 6 to 8 parts by mass of the cement admixture of the present invention regardless of the type of cement.
Claims (5)
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| KR20120115512A (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2012-10-18 | 가부시키가이샤 닛폰 쇼쿠바이 | Concrete composition |
| JP5523189B2 (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2014-06-18 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Shrinkage reducing agent composition for hydraulic material |
| CN102190467B (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2013-04-17 | 西南科技大学 | Anti-seepage and anti-crack dry-mixed mortar |
| JP6970383B2 (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2021-11-24 | 日油株式会社 | Self-shrinkage reducing agent and cement composition for cement composition |
| WO2019142906A1 (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | デンカ株式会社 | Trowelled finishing agent and usage thereof |
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| CN105967541B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-12-29 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of sulphate aluminium cement coagulant and preparation method thereof |
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