JP5043145B2 - Diagnostic system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a medical technical field, and particularly relates to a system for improving diagnostic technology using 3D image information such as CT.

  In recent years, using positron tomography (PET), single photon emission tomography (SPECT), and CT (Computed Tomography) technology represented by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), In practice, a part of the image is replaced with a three-dimensional image, and diagnosis (for example, dental diagnosis) is performed with reference to the three-dimensional image. Here, it is possible to display only specific internal structures (nerves, blood vessels, etc.) of the human body in different colors, for example, and it is possible to refer to shapes and positions of internal structures that cannot be normally grasped by the naked eye.

  In addition, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is actually performed that an intraoral image is displayed on a display and diagnosis or explanation to a patient is performed while viewing the display.

JP 2005-334426 A

  However, even if the image itself is displayed three-dimensionally, the display on the display is only flat. In addition, even when a doctor performs treatment while viewing the image (for example, a three-dimensional image acquired by CT), the position of the patient as the entity performing the treatment is physically different from the position of the display. It is necessary to perform treatment while confirming the substance and substance alternately. That is, when a treatment is performed with reference to an image (stereoscopic image) displayed on the display, it is necessary for the doctor to perform the treatment while superimposing the image and the substance by his / her “experience and intuition”.

  Such treatment based on experience and intuition largely depends on the individual doctor's technique and know-how, which not only reduces the probability of appropriate treatment, but also causes serious problems such as medical accidents. It can develop. On the other hand, as a matter of course, such experience and intuition can be acquired only after many therapeutic actions (including a considerable number of failed experiences), and cannot be obtained overnight.

  Therefore, the present invention has escaped the diagnostic act that had to rely on such “experience and intuition”, and even a doctor who is still inexperienced is at the same level as an experienced doctor, The purpose of doctors is to provide a diagnostic system that allows more accurate diagnosis.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, 3D image information input means for inputting 3D image information including at least a part of the upper jaw or lower jaw obtained by an inspection using a scanning line, and the shape and position of the oral cavity surface Recognizing means for recognizing, positioning means for positioning both based on the shape / position recognized by the recognizing means and the 3D image information, and all or a part of the positioned 3D image information is converted into a stereoscopic image. Output means for outputting to the recognition device ,
The intraoral irradiation light supported from the medical chair unit via the arm unit includes the recognition unit, and the rotation unit of the arm unit is provided with an angle sensor capable of measuring the rotation angle, thereby recognizing the position of the recognition unit itself. A dental diagnosis system characterized by calculating .

  That is, a necessary part (for example, the position or shape of a nerve or a blood vessel) of 3D image information of the upper jaw and / or lower jaw (including internal structure) obtained by CT or the like is taken out, and the 3D image is used as an entity at the time of diagnosis. On the other hand, by superimposing three-dimensionally, it is a system that makes it possible to make a diagnosis while visually grasping (with the same line of sight) an internal structure that cannot be grasped (or difficult to grasp) by the naked eye. This is because the position of the tooth and its related tissue is fixed with respect to the rigid base of the maxilla or mandible, which enables accurate positioning and is the same in other parts of the human body. Positioning at the level is difficult. That is, for example, even if the entire upper jaw or the entire lower jaw moves, the positions of the teeth growing from the upper jaw or the lower jaw, the positions of the teeth and the neural tube, the positions of the teeth and the arteries, etc. No (at least the movement at the time level being diagnosed is negligible). The inventor has come to make the present invention on the premise that the characteristic properties of the upper and / or lower jaws are used.

According to the present invention, even a person who has little diagnostic experience can make an accurate diagnosis at the same level (or higher level) as an experienced doctor or the like.

It is a schematic block diagram of the dental diagnosis system of this invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a glasses-type headset in which a retina operation display (stereoscopic image recognition device) and a small camera (CCD camera) are integrated. It is the flowchart which showed the flow of the process of the diagnostic system concerning this invention. It is an image figure of the stereo image which can be seen through a retina operation display, Comprising: It is an image figure of the state in which the inferior alveolar duct nerve as 3D image information is projected in three dimensions with respect to the lower jaw part as a substance. It is sectional drawing in alignment with arrow (alpha) line in FIG. 4, Comprising: (a) The sectional view which showed the planting state of the appropriate artificial tooth root, (b) The cross section which showed the planting state of the inappropriate artificial tooth root FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow α line in FIG. 4, and is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the planted state of the artificial tooth root is inclined. It is the whole perspective view which showed the state which receives a diagnosis with the dental treatment chair unit incorporating the dental diagnosis system.

  Hereinafter, a diagnostic system as an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<Configuration of diagnostic system>
The diagnosis system 10 according to the present invention uses a general personal computer (hereinafter simply referred to as “PC”) as a hardware resource. Therefore, an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, an output device such as a monitor, an input / output device such as a touch panel, a central processing unit (CPU), a main storage device, and an auxiliary storage device are used as a part of the system.

The diagnostic system 10 includes a positron tomography (PET), a single photon emission tomography (SPECT), and a CT (Computed Tomography) device 70 represented by a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 70 to the upper jaw or Input means 20 for acquiring 3D image information including at least partial data of the lower jaw, recognition means 30 for recognizing the shape / position of the oral cavity surface, and the shape / position and 3D image recognized by the recognition means 30 Positioning means 40 for positioning both based on the information, and output means 50 for outputting all or part of the positioned 3D image information to a retina operation display (stereoscopic image recognition device) 80.

  Needless to say, the diagnostic system 10 performs its function by the installed program. That is, the diagnosis system 10 inputs 3D image information including at least a part of the upper jaw or the lower jaw obtained by the examination using the scanning line, recognizes the shape of the intraoral surface, and recognizes the recognized shape and the 3D. Based on the image information, a program for a diagnostic system is installed to operate both to position both and output all or part of the positioned 3D image information to a retinal operation display.

  As the CT apparatus 70, a commercially available apparatus can be used as it is. For example, 3DX MULTI-IMAGE MICRO CT FP08 (Morita), Bellaview Epox 3D (Morita), Fine Cube CT (Yoshida) and the like can be used.

  The input unit 20 has a function of acquiring 3D image information converted by the CT apparatus 70 and storing it as necessary. As hardware resources, the central processing unit, the main storage device, and the auxiliary storage device cooperate to exhibit the function of the input means 20.

  In the present embodiment, the recognition unit 30 includes a CCD camera 32 (to be described later) and image analysis software that analyzes an image acquired by the CCD camera 32. The image analysis software is installed in the PC in advance. Various image analysis software can be used as long as the surface shape of a target object (for example, a tooth) and the distance from the CCD camera 32 can be recognized. Of course, a CMOS camera can be used in addition to the CCD camera, and a three-dimensional profiling technique using high-definition laser irradiation may be used.

  The function of the positioning means 40 is exhibited by image analysis software installed in advance in the PC. As a hardware resource, the central processing unit, the main storage device, and the auxiliary storage device cooperate to exhibit the function of the positioning means 40. This image analysis software performs positioning (XYZ axial position) so that the CT 3D image information acquired and stored by the input means 20 and the shape of the substance (such as teeth) in the oral cavity recognized by the recognition means 30 are superimposed. As long as possible, various things can be used.

  The output unit 50 replaces the 3D image information positioned with respect to the entity by the positioning unit 40 into a signal form that can be received by the retinal operation display 80 and outputs the information. In the present embodiment, it is realized by software installed in the PC, but may be configured separately from the PC.

  The retina operation display 80 is attached to the side of the glasses-type headset 90 as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the left eye retina of the wearer of the headset 90 is irradiated with a safe level of light at high speed, and an image can be displayed using the afterimage effect. A CCD camera 32 constituting a part of the recognition means 30 is installed on the right side of the glasses-type headset 90 (right side as viewed from the wearer). That is, the positional relationship between the retinal operation display 80 and the CCD camera 32 is fixed and can be acquired in advance as known information.

<Processing procedure in diagnostic system>
Next, a processing procedure in the diagnostic system 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  Starting from step S101, the input means 20 acquires 3D image information including at least a part of the upper jaw and / or the lower jaw obtained by the CT examination (S102). This acquisition may be performed online with the CT apparatus 70, or the obtained data may be temporarily recorded on an information recording medium and acquired via the information recording medium.

  Subsequently, it is determined whether or not 3D image information has been acquired (S103). If it is properly acquired, the process proceeds to S104, and if it is not acquired, the process returns to S102.

  Subsequently, the recognizing unit 30 recognizes the shape and position (the distance from the CCD camera 32 in this embodiment) in the patient's oral cavity as an entity (S104). In particular, it is desirable to program in advance so that the shape and the like are recognized around the tooth surface shape.

  Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the shape / position of the entity has been recognized (S105). If it can be recognized, the process proceeds to S106, and if it cannot be recognized, the process returns to S104.

  Subsequently, positioning is performed so that the 3D image information acquired by the input unit 20 and the shape of the entity recognized by the recognition unit 30 are superimposed.

  Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the positioning is completed. If completed, the process proceeds to S108, and if not completed, the process returns to S106.

  Subsequently, the positioned 3D image information (all or a part thereof) is output to the retina operation display 80 (S108). At this time, since the positional relationship between the CCD camera 32 as a part of the recognition unit 30 and the retinal operation display 80 is known, the information is used to three-dimensionally represent the entity that the headset 90 wearer is looking at. It is output as if superimposed (as if the output 3D image information exists in the entity). More specifically, when viewed from the wearer of the headset 90, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the mandible 100 and the lower alveolar canal nerve 110 are three-dimensionally displayed as 3D image information with respect to the entity R. Projected and displayed. At this time, for example, if the displayed 3D image information is translucent, a dark field does not occur with respect to the substance.

  Subsequently, it is determined whether there is any change in the shape / position of the entity (S109). If there is no change, it is determined whether there is no change in shape / position (S109). If there is a change, the process returns to S104. Here, the determination in S109 is repeatedly performed at an extremely short interval (real time), and if the shape / position changes even a little, it is immediately corrected. That is, 3D image information is displayed in accordance with the movement even when the position or the like is shifted due to the movement of the patient and / or the movement of the doctor performing the diagnosis.

  As described above, in the diagnostic system 10 according to the present invention, a necessary portion (for example, the position and shape of nerves and blood vessels) of 3D image information of the upper jaw and / or the lower jaw (including the internal structure) obtained by CT or the like. By taking out the 3D image and stereoscopically superimposing the 3D image on the entity at the time of diagnosis, diagnosis is performed while visually grasping (with the same line of sight) the internal structure that cannot be grasped (or difficult to grasp) with the naked eye. It is possible to do. That is, even those who have little diagnostic experience (for example, those who have just become doctors) can make an accurate diagnosis at a level close to (or higher than) an experienced doctor. Yes.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the artificial dental root 200 needs to be planted with sufficient care so as not to contact the lower alveolar canal nerve 110 located inside the mandible 100. However, if the diagnostic system 10 according to the present invention is used, the position and shape of the inferior alveolar nerve 110, the position of the tip of the artificial root 200, etc. can be easily grasped (as if they actually existed). Accurate and quick planting becomes possible.

<Other embodiments>
In the above description, a general PC is used as a hardware resource, but it is of course possible to construct a system using dedicated hardware.

In the above, positron tomography (PET), single photon emission tomography (SPECT), and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are shown as examples of computed tomography (CT). It is not limited to. As long as the human body is analyzed in a tomographic manner by scanning lines and the analysis information can be used as 3D image information, it can be used in the same manner even if it is based on other methods.

  Further, the output unit 50 may be configured to output a marker for work together (or switched) with the 3D image information. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a guide line GL indicating an ideal planting angle of the artificial tooth root is output to the retina operation display 80. In this way, even an inexperienced doctor can easily implant an artificial tooth root in an appropriate direction.

  Furthermore, the operation direction, position, order, and the like of various tools (machines, instruments, devices, etc. used when performing a therapeutic action) may be displayed. By doing so, it is not necessary to check other materials each time, and prompt and accurate treatment is possible.

  Further, for example, the output means 50 adopts a configuration in which basic information (height, weight, age, sex, blood type, body temperature, heart rate, medical history, etc.) of the patient is displayed constantly or as necessary. Also good. Accordingly, doctors and the like can obtain various information while looking at the retinal operation display, so that diagnosis (including treatment) can be performed more accurately, quickly and accurately.

  As the 3D image information, for example, the lower alveolar canal nerve, artery, dental pulp nerve, caries region, tartar, etc. can be assumed, and any one or a combination of these can be displayed depending on the diagnosis contents. is there. Specifically, if the calculus is to be removed, the position and shape of the calculus (including the calculus that cannot be seen directly behind the gingiva or between the teeth) are displayed.

  Moreover, when all the teeth have already been extracted, an artificial marker may be retrofitted in the oral cavity, and the recognition means 30 may be configured to recognize the artificial marker. This makes it possible to make a diagnosis using the system even when no teeth remain in the oral cavity.

  Further, the recognition means 30 further includes a treatment instrument (turbine, bar, engine, 2 way point, mirror, pin, probe, vacuum, syringe, reamer, broach, cleanser, tray, extraction forceps, hebel, scalpel, sharp knife. ) Etc.) may be recognized, and the treatment position may be output to the retinal operation display 80. Thereby, even when a portion that cannot be directly visually recognized is treated, treatment can be performed while grasping the treatment position.

  In the above description, the retinal operation display 80 is described as an example of the stereoscopic image recognition device, but is not limited to this retinal operation display. The present invention can be similarly applied as long as the device can recognize a stereoscopic image as if it existed there.

In the above description, the glasses-type retinal operation display 80 is configured to be assembled with the CCD camera 32 as a recognition unit. However, other configurations may be employed. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , a CCD camera 223 as a recognition unit may be attached to the intraoral irradiation light 220 provided in the medical chair unit 200. In this case, since the dental treatment chair unit main body 201 is positioned, the position of the CCD camera 223 can be calculated using, for example, the main body portion 201 as a reference position (for example, an angle sensor or the like is attached to each rotation axis of the arm portion 210). It can be calculated by.) On the other hand, if the configuration is such that the position of the retina operation display can be separately detected and calculated, the diagnostic system according to the present invention can be constructed.

  At this time, various methods for calculating the position of the retina operation display can be considered. For example, the CCD camera 223 recognizes the shape and position of the patient's oral cavity, and at the same time, recognizes the shape and position of the retina operation display itself. It is possible to calculate by programming.

  The invention of the present application is an invention that is made by effectively utilizing the fact that teeth, nerves, blood vessels, and the like are positioned based on the maxilla or / and the mandible. Is not to be excluded. That is, the invention of claim 1 is regarded as a higher concept, and 3D image information input means for inputting 3D image information of at least a part of the human body obtained by the inspection using the scanning line, and the shape of the human body are recognized. Recognizing means, positioning means for positioning both based on the shape recognized by the recognizing means and the 3D image information, and all or part of the positioned 3D image information is output to the retinal operation display. It is also possible to construct as a diagnostic system characterized by comprising output means.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Diagnostic system 20 ... Input means 30 ... Recognition means 32 ... CCD camera 40 ... Positioning means 50 ... Output means 80 ... Retina operation display 90 ... Headset (glasses type)
100 ... mandible 100 ... inferior alveolar canal nerve 200 ... artificial tooth root

Claims (1)

3D image information input means for inputting 3D image information including at least a part of the upper jaw or the lower jaw obtained by an examination using a scanning line;
Recognition means for recognizing the shape and position of the oral cavity surface;
Positioning means for positioning both based on the shape / position recognized by the recognition means and the 3D image information;
Output means for outputting all or part of the positioned 3D image information to a stereoscopic image recognition device ;
The intraoral irradiation light supported from the medical chair unit via the arm unit includes the recognition unit, and the rotation unit of the arm unit is provided with an angle sensor capable of measuring the rotation angle, thereby recognizing the position of the recognition unit itself. A dental diagnosis system characterized by calculating .