JP5041298B2 - Operation control method of screw press connected to rotary concentrator - Google Patents
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- JP5041298B2 JP5041298B2 JP2009098003A JP2009098003A JP5041298B2 JP 5041298 B2 JP5041298 B2 JP 5041298B2 JP 2009098003 A JP2009098003 A JP 2009098003A JP 2009098003 A JP2009098003 A JP 2009098003A JP 5041298 B2 JP5041298 B2 JP 5041298B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 211
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004094 preconcentration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
本発明は、スクリュープレスの運転制御方法に関し、スクリュープレスに供給される濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力を一定に制御するために、前段の濃縮装置を連動・制御するスクリュープレスの運転制御方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an operation control method for a screw press, and more particularly to an operation control method for a screw press that interlocks and controls a pre-concentration device in order to control the press-fitting pressure of concentrated sludge supplied to the screw press to be constant.
従来、下水、し尿、あるいは食品生産加工排水等の有機性汚泥は高分子凝集剤を添加して、凝集槽内で撹拌・混合し、凝集フロックを生成させている。濃度の低い有機性汚泥を直接スクリュープレスで濃縮・脱水させると、スクリュープレスの汚泥注入側では汚泥濃度が低いため、濃縮ゾーンの外筒スクリーンでは固形物負荷よりも水負荷が大きく、外筒スクリーンから多量の水が排出される。したがって、スクリュープレスによる水負荷を軽減させるために、この凝集フロックを更に濃縮装置により濃縮してろ過脱水する方法がとられている。これらの濃縮装置は、例えば１％の濃度の汚泥を４〜５％に濃縮し、この濃縮汚泥をスクリュープレスでろ過・脱水している。
上記濃縮装置として、外筒スクリーンに内設したスクリュー軸を回転させ、目詰まりしやすいろ過面を再生しながら濃縮する回転濃縮機は、特許文献１に記載してあるように、本願発明の出願人が提案している。
また、脱水装置として、円筒スクリーンとその内側で回転自在なスクリュー軸とを備え、このスクリュー軸の駆動回転で凝集汚泥を搬送しながら固液分離するスクリュープレスにおいて、このスクリュープレスに汚泥等の原液を供給する濃縮汚泥供給ポンプと、スクリュープレスに供給される濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力を検出する圧力検出器を設け、前記圧力検出器で検出される圧入圧力が略一定になるように前記濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの供給流量を制御する方法も、例えば特許文献２に記載してあるように、本願発明の出願人が提案している。
また、外筒スクリーンとスクリュー軸を差速回転させながら汚泥を濃縮する回転濃縮機の濃縮汚泥濃度を制御する方法として、濃縮汚泥の汚泥受槽に電力検出器を配設し、電力検出器が検出した濃縮汚泥濃度の電気信号を判別して、薬注率、スクリュー軸回転数、外筒スクリーン回転数を制御する技術も、例えば特許文献３に記載してあるように、本願発明の出願人が提案している。
また、濃縮機能付凝集混和槽と標準的な凝集混和槽を直列に配設し、一定流量の原汚泥を濃縮機能付凝集混和槽に供給し、スクリュープレスに圧入する凝集汚泥の圧入圧力を一定に保ちながら、濃縮機能付凝集混和槽のタンク内圧の変動に伴い、濃縮機能付凝集混和槽に添加する高分子凝集剤の薬注率を変化させて濃縮汚泥の汚泥濃度を調整し、脱水機に供給する前に凝集混和槽の一定の圧入圧で固形物処理量を調整する技術も、例えば特許文献４に記載してあるように、本願発明の出願人が提案している。
Conventionally, organic sludge such as sewage, human waste, or food production processing wastewater has been added with a polymer flocculant and stirred and mixed in a coagulation tank to generate coagulated flocs. If organic sludge with a low concentration is directly concentrated and dewatered with a screw press, the sludge concentration is low on the sludge injection side of the screw press, so the outer cylinder screen in the concentration zone has a larger water load than the solid load, and the outer cylinder screen. A large amount of water is discharged from the water. Therefore, in order to reduce the water load due to the screw press, a method of further concentrating the agglomerated floc with a concentrating device and performing filtration dehydration is employed. In these concentrators, for example, 1% of sludge is concentrated to 4 to 5%, and this concentrated sludge is filtered and dehydrated with a screw press.
As the concentrator, a rotary concentrator for concentrating while rotating a screw shaft provided in an outer cylinder screen and regenerating a filtration surface that is likely to be clogged is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-133830. A person has proposed.
In addition, as a dehydrating device, a screw press that includes a cylindrical screen and a screw shaft that is rotatable inside thereof, and that separates solid and liquid while conveying aggregated sludge by driving rotation of the screw shaft. The concentrated sludge supply pump and the pressure detector for detecting the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge supplied to the screw press are provided, and the concentrated sludge is supplied so that the press-fitting pressure detected by the pressure detector is substantially constant. The method of controlling the supply flow rate of the pump is also proposed by the applicant of the present invention as described in, for example, Patent Document 2.
In addition, as a method of controlling the concentrated sludge concentration of a rotary concentrator that concentrates sludge while rotating the outer cylinder screen and screw shaft at a differential speed, a power detector is installed in the sludge receiving tank of the concentrated sludge and the power detector detects it. The technology of discriminating the electrical signal of the concentrated sludge concentration and controlling the chemical injection rate, screw shaft rotation speed, outer cylinder screen rotation speed is also disclosed by the applicant of the present invention as described in Patent Document 3, for example. is suggesting.
Further, the mixing flocculation tank and the standard mixing flocculation tank with concentrated function arranged in series, by supplying the raw sludge at a constant flow rate to the mixing flocculation tank with concentrated function, the press-fitting pressure of aggregation sludge pressed into the screw press While maintaining a constant level, the sludge concentration of the concentrated sludge is adjusted by changing the chemical injection rate of the polymer flocculant added to the flocculation mixing tank with the concentration function as the tank pressure in the flocculation mixing tank with the concentration function changes. The technique of adjusting the solids throughput with a constant press-fitting pressure in the agglomeration mixing tank before supplying to the machine is also proposed by the applicant of the present invention as described in, for example, Patent Document 4.
通常、濃縮汚泥を脱水する場合は、濃縮装置で濃縮した汚泥を一旦貯留槽に入れ、それを原液として再度凝集させて脱水する方式をとる。この場合、処理手順や時間的な制約の関係で、濃縮汚泥貯留槽に長時間滞留することになり、その結果、濃縮汚泥の腐敗が進行し脱水性が低下する。そのため、濃縮汚泥に対する脱水効率が上がらないばかりか、逆に脱水性が低下するなどの現象が発生することがある。したがって、濃縮汚泥を脱水する場合は、濃縮後、直ちに脱水することが望まれる。また、濃縮後に脱水するためには、上記濃縮装置、脱水装置だけでなく、濃縮汚泥貯留槽が必要となり、大きな設置面積が必要であった。
従来のスクリュープレスは、ろ過性の良い汚泥に対しては、スクリューの回転数を制御することにより、過負荷防止と、均一な含水率のケーキが得られるものであるが、難ろ過性の汚泥に対しては、ろ過室の容積を減少させて圧搾脱水すると、早期に外筒スクリーンのろ過面が目詰まりする。あるいは、急激に圧搾すると、汚泥がろ液とともに外筒スクリーンから排出され、ろ液が懸濁する恐れがある。従来のスクリュープレスの運転制御方法では、スクリュープレスに供給される原液の圧入圧力を一定に制御するために、スクリュープレスに供給される原液の供給流量を制御すべく原液供給ポンプの供給流量を制御するものである。しかし、実際には原液の濃度や脱水性の変動により処理量が変動する。例えば、原液濃度が小さいときは供給流量が多くなり、原液濃度が大きいときは供給流量が少なくなる。そのために、供給流量が変動することになるという問題点があった。
また、回転濃縮機において、薬注率、スクリュー軸回転数、外筒スクリーン回転数を制御し、濃縮汚泥濃度を一定に保つ技術は、濃縮後の汚泥濃度が安定し、濃縮後の処理工程の管理が容易になるものである。しかし、汚泥性状の変動により濃縮汚泥量にバラつきが生じ、後段の連続式脱水機との間で処理量連続性の確保が困難となる。濃縮汚泥を一時貯蔵する場合は、濃縮汚泥貯留槽が必要となり、大きな設置面積が必要であった。
また、標準的な凝集混和槽の前段に濃縮機能付凝集混和槽を設置した脱水機の制御方法は、原汚泥濃度や原汚泥の固形物処理量の変動に対しては、濃縮機能付凝集混和槽と凝集混和槽のタンク内圧を検知して、凝集混和槽のタンク内圧を一定に維持しながら、一段目の濃縮機能付凝集混和槽の高分子凝集剤の添加量を調節して濃縮率を改善し、脱水性を改善することにより、後段の脱水機での負荷を均等化するものである。しかし、濃縮機能付凝集混和槽では、せいぜい１．５〜２倍の濃縮が通常運転可能範囲であるため、急激に変動する汚泥濃度や汚泥性状に対しては対応できる能力に限界がある。
Usually, when dewatering concentrated sludge, the sludge concentrated by the concentrator is once put in a storage tank, and then condensed again as a stock solution for dehydration. In this case, the sludge is retained in the concentrated sludge storage tank for a long time due to the treatment procedure and time constraints, and as a result, the decay of the concentrated sludge proceeds and the dewaterability is lowered. Therefore, not only does the dewatering efficiency of the concentrated sludge not increase, but conversely, a phenomenon such as a decrease in dewaterability may occur. Therefore, when dewatering concentrated sludge, it is desirable to dehydrate immediately after concentration. Further, in order to dehydrate after concentration, not only the above-described concentration device and dewatering device, but also a concentrated sludge storage tank is required, and a large installation area is required.
Conventional screw presses can control sludge with good filterability by controlling the number of rotations of the screw to prevent overload and obtain a cake with a uniform moisture content. On the other hand, if the volume of the filtration chamber is reduced and the pressure is dewatered, the filtration surface of the outer cylinder screen is clogged early. Or if it squeezes rapidly, sludge will be discharged | emitted from an outer cylinder screen with a filtrate, and there exists a possibility that a filtrate may be suspended. In a conventional screw press operation control method, the supply flow rate of the stock solution supply pump is controlled to control the supply flow rate of the stock solution supplied to the screw press in order to control the press-fitting pressure of the stock solution supplied to the screw press to a constant level. To do. In practice, however, the amount of processing varies depending on the concentration of the stock solution and the dehydration. For example, the supply flow rate increases when the stock solution concentration is low, and the supply flow rate decreases when the stock solution concentration is high. Therefore, there is a problem that the supply flow rate fluctuates.
In the rotary concentrator, the technology that controls the chemical injection rate, screw shaft rotation speed, outer cylinder screen rotation speed and keeps the concentrated sludge concentration constant, the sludge concentration after concentration is stable, Management is easy. However, fluctuations in the sludge properties cause variations in the amount of concentrated sludge, making it difficult to ensure the continuity of the processing amount with the subsequent continuous dehydrator. When temporarily storing concentrated sludge, a concentrated sludge storage tank was required, and a large installation area was required.
In addition, the control method of the dehydrator, which is equipped with a coagulation mixing tank with a concentration function in front of a standard coagulation mixing tank, can be used for coagulation mixing with a concentration function for fluctuations in raw sludge concentration and solid sludge treatment amount. While detecting the tank internal pressure of the tank and the coagulation mixing tank and maintaining the tank internal pressure of the coagulation mixing tank constant, the concentration rate is adjusted by adjusting the amount of polymer flocculant added to the coagulation mixing tank with the first stage concentration function. By improving and improving dewaterability, the load on the subsequent dehydrator is equalized. However, in a flocculation / mixing tank with a concentration function, concentration within 1.5 to 2 times is at most a normal operation range, so there is a limit to the ability to cope with rapidly changing sludge concentration and sludge properties.
この発明は、スクリュープレスに供給される濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力を一定に制御するために、原液供給ポンプと回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸及び濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの回転数を制御する運転制御方法を提供する。 The present invention provides an operation control method for controlling the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump, the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator and the concentrated sludge supply pump in order to control the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge supplied to the screw press to a constant level. .
内部にスクリュー軸を有する回転濃縮機の排出部に配設した濃縮汚泥管を濃縮汚泥供給ポンプに接続し、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの吐出側にスクリュープレスを連設して、回転濃縮機の濃縮汚泥をスクリュープレスに圧入し、脱水処理する汚泥脱水システムにおいて、スクリュープレスに圧入する濃縮汚泥の基準圧力と、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの基準回転数と、回 転濃縮機へ原汚泥を供給する原液供給ポンプの基準回転数と、回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸の基準回転数を設定すると共に、段階的に増減させる濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの回転数と、原液供給ポンプの回転数と、回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸の回転数の増減量を設定し、濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力を測定して、この測定した濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力が予め設定した基準圧力の範囲外となった時、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの基準回転数と、原液供給ポンプの基準回転数と、回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸の基準回転数を段階的に増減させて、濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力を基準圧力の範囲内に制御するもので、スクリュープレスの性能を向上させると共に、安定運転が可能となるものである。また、回転濃縮機とスクリュープレスを直接圧入ポンプで連結することにより、濃縮から脱水までの期間が短縮でき、腐敗などの懸念がなく、脱水効率に寄与できるものである。Concentrated sludge pipe installed in the discharge part of the rotary concentrator with screw shaft inside is connected to the concentrated sludge supply pump, and a screw press is connected to the discharge side of the concentrated sludge supply pump, so that the concentrated sludge of the rotary concentrator was pressed into a screw press, in sludge dewatering system for dewatering, the reference pressure of the concentrated sludge is press-fitted to the screw press, the reference rotational speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump, solution feed pump for supplying raw sludge to the rotating concentrator The reference rotation speed of the rotary concentrator and the reference rotation speed of the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator are set, and the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump, the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump, and the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator are increased and decreased in stages. set the amount of increase or decrease the rotational speed, by measuring the injection pressure of the concentrated sludge, when the injection pressure of the concentrated sludge was the measurement is out of range of the reference preset pressure, the concentrated sludge subjected The reference rotation speed of the pump, the reference rotation speed of the undiluted solution supply pump, and the reference rotation speed of the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator are increased or decreased in stages to control the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge within the reference pressure range. In addition to improving the performance of the screw press, stable operation is possible. In addition, by directly connecting the rotary concentrator and the screw press with a press-fitting pump, the period from concentration to dehydration can be shortened, and there is no concern about rot and can contribute to dehydration efficiency.
詳しくは、スクリュープレスに圧入する濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力を一定時間ごとに測定し、測定した濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力が予め設定した基準圧力より低い時、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの回転数と、原液供給ポンプの回転数をそれぞれ設定した回転数幅だけ増加させ、次に回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸の回転数を設定した回転数幅だけ減少させて、濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力が基準圧力の範囲内に上昇するまでこの操作を繰返すと共に、測定した濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力が予め設定した基準圧力より高い時、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの回転数と、原液供給ポンプの回転数をそれぞれ設定した回転数幅だけ減少させ、次に回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸の回転数を設定した回転数幅だけ増加させて、濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力が基準圧力の範囲内に降下するまでこの操作を繰返すものである。 Specifically, the pressure of the concentrated sludge that is pressed into the screw press is measured at regular intervals, and when the measured pressure of the concentrated sludge is lower than a preset reference pressure, the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump and the stock solution supply pump The rotational speed of the concentrated sludge is increased by the set rotational speed range, and then the rotational speed of the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator is decreased by the set rotational speed width, so that the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge rises within the reference pressure range. Until the measured pressure of the concentrated sludge is higher than the preset reference pressure, decrease the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump and the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump by the set rotation speed width, Next, increase the rotational speed of the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator by the set rotational speed range, and repeat this operation until the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge falls within the standard pressure range. A.
また、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの回転数が最大回転数、または原液供給ポンプの回転数が最大回転数、あるいは回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸の回転数が最小回転数の何れかに達しても、スクリュープレスに圧入する濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力が基準圧力の範囲内に復帰しない時には、警報を発するか、運転を停止すると共に、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプの回転数が最小回転数、または原液供給ポンプの回転数が最小回転数、あるいは回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸の回転数が最大回転数の何れかに達しても、スクリュープレスに圧入する濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力が基準圧力の範囲内に復帰しない時には、警報を発するか、運転を停止するもので、安全に配慮した処理システムとなるものである。 Even if the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump reaches the maximum rotation speed, the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump reaches the maximum rotation speed, or the rotation speed of the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator reaches the minimum rotation speed, the screw press When the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge that is press-fitted into the pressure does not return within the range of the reference pressure, an alarm is issued or the operation is stopped, and the speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump is the minimum speed or the speed of the concentrate feed pump is An alarm is issued if the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge that is press-fitted into the screw press does not return to the reference pressure range even if the minimum speed or the rotational speed of the screw shaft of the rotary concentrator reaches the maximum speed. Or, the operation is stopped, and the processing system is in consideration of safety.
回転濃縮機の排出部に濃縮汚泥管を立設し、圧入圧力比較制御を行いながら、濃縮汚泥管に貯留する濃縮汚泥の基準液位を設定し、濃縮汚泥管の液位を測定して、この測定した液位が予め設定した基準液位の範囲外となった時、原液供給ポンプの回転数を設定した回転数だけ段階的に増減させて、濃縮汚泥管の液位を基準液位の範囲内に制御するもので、回転濃縮機とスクリュープレスとの汚泥処理の連続性を確保できるものである。 Establish a concentrated sludge pipe at the discharge section of the rotary concentrator, set the reference liquid level of the concentrated sludge stored in the concentrated sludge pipe while performing press-fitting pressure comparison control, measure the liquid level of the concentrated sludge pipe, When this measured liquid level falls outside the preset reference liquid level range, the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump is increased or decreased step by step to set the liquid level of the concentrated sludge pipe to the reference liquid level. It is controlled within the range, and the continuity of sludge treatment between the rotary concentrator and the screw press can be secured.
詳しくは、濃縮汚泥管に貯留する濃縮汚泥の液位を一定時間ごとに測定し、測定した濃縮汚泥管の液位が予め設定した基準液位より低い時、原液供給ポンプの回転数を設定した回転数幅だけ増加させて、濃縮汚泥の液位が基準液位の範囲内に上昇するまでこの操作を繰返すと共に、測定した濃縮汚泥管の液位が予め設定した基準液位より高い時、原液供給ポンプの回転数を設定した回転数幅だけ減少させて、濃縮汚泥の液位が基準液位の範囲内に降下するまでこの操作を繰返すものである。 Specifically, the liquid level of the concentrated sludge stored in the concentrated sludge pipe was measured at regular intervals, and when the measured liquid level of the concentrated sludge pipe was lower than the preset reference liquid level, the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump was set. Repeat this operation until the liquid level of the concentrated sludge rises within the range of the reference liquid level by increasing the rotation speed range, and when the measured liquid level of the concentrated sludge pipe is higher than the preset reference liquid level, This operation is repeated until the rotation speed of the supply pump is reduced by the set rotation speed width and the liquid level of the concentrated sludge falls within the range of the reference liquid level.
また、原液供給ポンプの回転数が最大回転数、または最小回転数に達しても、濃縮汚泥管に貯留する濃縮汚泥の液位が基準液位の範囲内に復帰しない時には、警報を発するか、運転を停止するもので、安全に配慮した処理システムとなるものである。 In addition, if the concentrated sludge liquid level stored in the concentrated sludge pipe does not return to the standard liquid level range even if the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump reaches the maximum rotation speed or the minimum rotation speed, an alarm is issued. The operation will be stopped, and the processing system will be safe.
スクリュープレスに供給される濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力を一定に制御するために、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ、原液供給ポンプ、回転濃縮機のスクリュー軸回転数の３つのパラメータを段階的に変動させるので、スクリュープレスの性能を向上させると共に、安定運転が可能となるものである。また、回転濃縮機とスクリュープレスを直接圧入ポンプで連結することにより、濃縮から脱水までの期間が短縮でき、腐敗などの懸念がなく、脱水効率に寄与できるものである。さらに、装置全体がコンパクトになり、省スペースとなる。 In order to control the press-fitting pressure of the concentrated sludge supplied to the screw press to a constant level, the three parameters of the concentrated sludge supply pump, the stock solution supply pump, and the screw shaft rotation speed of the rotary concentrator are changed in stages. As well as improving the performance, stable operation is possible. In addition, by directly connecting the rotary concentrator and the screw press with a press-fitting pump, the period from concentration to dehydration can be shortened, and there is no concern about rot and can contribute to dehydration efficiency. Furthermore, the entire apparatus becomes compact and space-saving.
図１はこの実施の形態に係る濃縮機と脱水機の運転制御システムであって、汚泥貯留槽（図示せず）に貯留されている汚泥等の処理原液は、原液供給ポンプ１により原液流量（「供給流量」ともいう）で原液供給管２を経て凝集装置３に供給される。
原液供給管２には高分子凝集剤を供給する高分子供給ポンプ４の凝集剤供給管５が接続されている。なお、凝集剤供給管５は凝集装置３に接続してもよい。高分子凝集剤は原液流量に対して一定の割合で供給されており、高分子供給ポンプ４の回転数は制御装置６０により原液供給ポンプ１の回転数と比例制御で行われている。
上記凝集装置３は、原液供給ポンプ１と高分子供給ポンプ４から凝集装置３に供給された汚泥と高分子凝集剤を、撹拌機で撹拌混合して凝集フロックを生成させるものであり、撹拌槽６内に流入した原液と高分子凝集剤が撹拌駆動機７で回転駆動される撹拌羽根８で撹拌される構成である。この凝集装置３で撹拌・凝集された凝集汚泥は凝集汚泥供給管９を経て濃縮機１０に供給される。
FIG. 1 shows an operation control system for a concentrator and a dehydrator according to this embodiment. A processing stock solution such as sludge stored in a sludge storage tank (not shown) is supplied to a stock solution flow rate ( (Also referred to as “supply flow rate”) is supplied to the aggregating apparatus 3 through the stock solution supply pipe 2.
The stock solution supply pipe 2 is connected to a coagulant supply pipe 5 of a polymer supply pump 4 that supplies the polymer coagulant. The flocculant supply pipe 5 may be connected to the aggregating apparatus 3. The polymer flocculant is supplied at a constant ratio with respect to the stock solution flow rate, and the rotation speed of the polymer supply pump 4 is controlled by the controller 60 in proportion to the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump 1.
The agglomeration device 3 is a device in which sludge and polymer flocculant supplied from the stock solution supply pump 1 and the polymer supply pump 4 to the agglomeration device 3 are agitated and mixed by a stirrer to generate agglomeration floc. In this configuration, the stock solution and the polymer flocculant that flowed into 6 are stirred by a stirring blade 8 that is rotationally driven by a stirring drive 7. The agglomerated sludge stirred and agglomerated by the aggregating apparatus 3 is supplied to the concentrator 10 through the agglomerated sludge supply pipe 9.
本実施例の濃縮機１０は、回転濃縮機１１を用いており、図２は回転濃縮機の縦断側面図である。回転濃縮機１１は周部にろ過面を有する外筒スクリーン１２の内部に、スクリュー羽根１３を巻き掛けたスクリュー軸１４が配設してある。外筒スクリーン１２の端部に入口フランジ１５と出口フランジ１６が嵌着してある。入口フランジ１５をスクリュー軸１４に軸支して、出口フランジ１６に連結した外筒駆動軸１７をろ液受槽１８に支架した軸受１９に軸支してある。スクリュー軸１４に連結したスクリュー駆動軸２０が外筒駆動軸１７に挿通してある。スクリュー軸１４の前端部に汚泥の供給路２１が設けてあり、外筒スクリーン１２の始端部に複数個の供給口２１ａを開口し、出口フランジ１６に複数の排出口１６ａが設けてある。外筒スクリーン１２とスクリュー軸１４の間にろ過室２２を形成してある。 The concentrator 10 of the present embodiment uses a rotary concentrator 11 , and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of the rotary concentrator. The rotary concentrator 11 is provided with a screw shaft 14 around which screw blades 13 are wound inside an outer cylinder screen 12 having a filtration surface on the periphery. An inlet flange 15 and an outlet flange 16 are fitted to the end of the outer cylinder screen 12. An inlet flange 15 is pivotally supported on the screw shaft 14, and an outer cylinder drive shaft 17 connected to the outlet flange 16 is pivotally supported on a bearing 19 that is supported on a filtrate receiving tank 18. A screw drive shaft 20 connected to the screw shaft 14 is inserted through the outer cylinder drive shaft 17. A sludge supply path 21 is provided at the front end portion of the screw shaft 14, a plurality of supply ports 21 a are opened at the start end portion of the outer cylinder screen 12, and a plurality of discharge ports 16 a are provided at the outlet flange 16. A filtration chamber 22 is formed between the outer cylinder screen 12 and the screw shaft 14.
図２に示すように、外筒スクリーン１２の外筒駆動軸１７とスクリュー軸１４のスクリュー駆動軸２０に外筒駆動機２３とスクリュー駆動機２４が個別に連動連結してあり、外筒スクリーン１２とスクリュー軸１４を逆方向に差速回転させる。スクリュー軸１４の供給路２１からろ過室２２に供給した汚泥を、外筒スクリーン１２とスクリュー軸１４を逆回転させながら、外筒スクリーン１２からろ液を分離して、濃縮した汚泥を出口フランジ１６の排出口１６ａから排出する。外筒スクリーン１２とスクリュー軸１４を差速回転させることにより、相対的にスクリュー羽根１３の回転数を高め、外筒スクリーン１２のろ過面の摺接回数を増加させる。目詰りせんとする外筒スクリーン１２のろ過面を再生してろ液の排出を促進させ、濃度の低い汚泥の大量処理を可能とする。なお、符号２５は外筒スクリーン１２に沿って配設した洗浄水管であって、目詰まりした外筒スクリーン１２のスクリーン面に高圧水を噴射してろ過面の目詰まりを解消させる。また、ろ液受槽１８に分離排出されるろ液の一部を濃縮汚泥管２６内へ供給することにより、濃縮汚泥管２６内の濃縮汚泥のブリッジを防止し、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７へスムーズに供給することが可能となる。 As shown in FIG. 2, an outer cylinder driving shaft 23 of the outer cylinder screen 12 and a screw driving shaft 20 of the screw shaft 14 are individually linked to an outer cylinder driving machine 23 and a screw driving machine 24. And the screw shaft 14 is rotated in the reverse direction by a differential speed. The sludge supplied to the filtration chamber 22 from the supply path 21 of the screw shaft 14 is separated from the filtrate from the outer cylinder screen 12 while rotating the outer cylinder screen 12 and the screw shaft 14 in the reverse direction, and the concentrated sludge is removed from the outlet flange 16. From the outlet 16a. By rotating the outer cylinder screen 12 and the screw shaft 14 at a differential speed, the rotational speed of the screw blade 13 is relatively increased, and the number of sliding contact of the filtration surface of the outer cylinder screen 12 is increased. The filtration surface of the outer cylinder screen 12 as a clogging thread is regenerated to facilitate the discharge of the filtrate, and enables mass treatment of sludge having a low concentration. Reference numeral 25 denotes a washing water pipe disposed along the outer cylinder screen 12 and jets high-pressure water onto the screen surface of the clogged outer cylinder screen 12 to eliminate clogging of the filtration surface. Further, by supplying a part of the filtrate separated and discharged to the filtrate receiving tank 18 into the concentrated sludge pipe 26, the bridge of the concentrated sludge in the concentrated sludge pipe 26 is prevented, and the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 is smoothly supplied. It becomes possible to supply.
回転濃縮機１１でろ液を分離した濃縮汚泥は、濃縮汚泥管２６を経て濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７に供給される。濃縮汚泥管２６は回転濃縮機１１から排出された濃縮汚泥をある程度貯留できる容積を有しており、貯留量を計測する液位計２８を配設してある。濃縮汚泥は、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７により濃縮汚泥供給管２９を経て脱水機３０に圧入供給される。濃縮汚泥供給管２９には脱水機３０に圧入供給される濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力Ｐ１を計測するための圧力計ＰＳが配設されている。 The concentrated sludge from which the filtrate has been separated by the rotary concentrator 11 is supplied to the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 via the concentrated sludge pipe 26. The concentrated sludge pipe 26 has a volume capable of storing the concentrated sludge discharged from the rotary concentrator 11 to some extent, and is provided with a liquid level meter 28 for measuring the storage amount. The concentrated sludge is press-fitted and supplied to the dehydrator 30 through the concentrated sludge supply pipe 29 by the concentrated sludge supply pump 27. The concentrated sludge supply pipe 29 is provided with a pressure gauge PS for measuring the press-fitting pressure P1 of the concentrated sludge that is press-fitted and supplied to the dehydrator 30.
本実施例の脱水機３０は連続的に濃縮汚泥を脱水処理できるスクリュープレス３１を用いており、スクリュープレス３１に回転濃縮機１１を載置し、吐出側をスクリュープレス３１に接続した濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７を、回転濃縮機１１の排出部に立設した濃縮汚泥管２６に配設してある。脱水機に濃縮機を載置してあるので、濃縮汚泥を貯留槽に長時間滞留させる必要がなく、腐敗による脱水効率が低下することがない。また、濃縮装置、濃縮汚泥貯留槽、及び脱水設備の大きな設置面積も必要としない。従って、下水、し尿、集落排水、工場等の排水処理施設に設置すれば、省スペースの濃縮脱水設備となる。 The dehydrator 30 of the present embodiment uses a screw press 31 capable of continuously dewatering concentrated sludge. The concentrated sludge supply in which the rotary concentrator 11 is mounted on the screw press 31 and the discharge side is connected to the screw press 31 is used. The pump 27 is disposed in the concentrated sludge pipe 26 erected at the discharge part of the rotary concentrator 11. Since the concentrator is mounted on the dehydrator, it is not necessary to retain the concentrated sludge in the storage tank for a long time, and the dewatering efficiency due to rot does not decrease. In addition, a large installation area for the concentrator, the concentrated sludge storage tank, and the dewatering equipment is not required. Therefore, if it is installed in a wastewater treatment facility such as sewage, human waste, village drainage, or a factory, it becomes a space-saving concentration dehydration facility.
図３は圧入圧力一定制御装置に使用するスクリュープレスの一部縦断側面図であって、スクリュープレス３１は、周部にろ過面を有する外筒スクリーン３２にスクリュー羽根３３を巻き掛けたスクリュー軸３４が内設してある。スクリュー軸３４は汚泥の供給側からケーキの排出側に向って拡大させてあり、外筒スクリーン３２とスクリュー軸３４との間のろ過室３５を供給側から排出側に向って縮小させてある。
図４はスクリュープレスの供給側の拡大図であって、外筒スクリーン３２の供給側に嵌着した入口フランジ３６にスプロケット３７を外嵌し、フレーム３８に載置した正逆転可能な外筒駆動機３９に連動連結してある。スクリュー軸３４に凝集スラリーの供給路４１が設けてあり、ろ過室３５の始端部に供給孔４１ａを開口して、スクリュー軸３４の延設部と濃縮汚泥供給管２９が連結してある。供給孔４１ａからろ過室３５内に圧入される濃縮汚泥がスクリュー軸３４に巻き掛けたスクリュー羽根３３の間から供給するように構成されており、凝集された軟弱な汚泥等の濃縮汚泥がスクリュー羽根３３の影響を受けないようにされている。
図５はスクリュープレスの排出側の拡大図であって、外筒スクリーン３２の排出側に連結した回転板４２をフレーム４３に支架してあり、外筒スクリーン３２に内設したスクリュー軸３４にスクリュー駆動軸４４が連結してある。ろ過室３５の排出口３５ａに対設した背圧調整用のプレッサー４５がフレーム４３に配設した移動軸４６に摺動自在に支架してある。
FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal side view of a screw press used in a constant press-fitting pressure control device. The screw press 31 has a screw shaft 34 in which a screw blade 33 is wound around an outer cylinder screen 32 having a filtration surface on the periphery. Is installed. The screw shaft 34 is enlarged from the sludge supply side to the cake discharge side, and the filtration chamber 35 between the outer cylinder screen 32 and the screw shaft 34 is reduced from the supply side to the discharge side.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the supply side of the screw press, and a sprocket 37 is fitted on the inlet flange 36 fitted on the supply side of the outer cylinder screen 32, and the outer cylinder drive that can be rotated forward and backward is mounted on the frame 38. It is linked to the machine 39. The screw shaft 34 is provided with a supply path 41 of agglomerated slurry. A supply hole 41 a is opened at the start end of the filtration chamber 35, and the extended portion of the screw shaft 34 and the concentrated sludge supply pipe 29 are connected. Concentrated sludge that is press-fitted into the filtration chamber 35 from the supply hole 41a is supplied from between the screw blades 33 wound around the screw shaft 34, and concentrated sludge such as agglomerated soft sludge is screw blades. 33 so as not to be affected.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the discharge side of the screw press, in which a rotating plate 42 connected to the discharge side of the outer cylinder screen 32 is supported on a frame 43, and a screw shaft 34 provided in the outer cylinder screen 32 is screwed onto the screw shaft 34. A drive shaft 44 is connected. A back pressure adjusting presser 45 provided to the discharge port 35 a of the filtration chamber 35 is slidably supported on a moving shaft 46 disposed on the frame 43.
図３に示すように、スクリュー軸３４に連結したスクリュー駆動軸４４はフレーム４３の架台４８に設けた軸受４９に軸支してある。このスクリュー駆動軸４４にスプロケット５０が嵌着してあり、フレーム４３に載置したスクリュー駆動機５１に連動連結してある。
図３に示すように、スクリュー軸３４のスクリュー駆動機５１を作動させ、スクリュー軸３４の供給路４１からろ過室３５に濃縮汚泥を供給し、濃縮汚泥をスクリュー羽根３３で移送しながら外筒スクリーン３２からろ液を分離する。プレッサー４５でろ過室３５の排出口３５ａの開口量を調節し、ろ過室３５に背圧を加えながら固液分離を促進させて脱水ケーキを排出する。外筒スクリーン３２に沿って洗浄管５２が配設してあり、洗浄時は洗浄管５２から洗浄水を外筒スクリーン３２に噴射すると共に、外筒スクリーン３２を外筒駆動機３９により回転させることによって外筒スクリーン３２の全面を洗浄する。なお、外筒スクリーン３２の下方にろ液トラフ５３が配設してあり、符号５４は、スクリュープレス３１の終端部に配設した脱水ケーキのケーキ受槽である。
As shown in FIG. 3, the screw drive shaft 44 connected to the screw shaft 34 is pivotally supported by a bearing 49 provided on a frame 48 of the frame 43. A sprocket 50 is fitted on the screw drive shaft 44 and linked to a screw drive 51 mounted on the frame 43.
As shown in FIG. 3, the screw driver 51 of the screw shaft 34 is operated, the concentrated sludge is supplied from the supply path 41 of the screw shaft 34 to the filtration chamber 35, and the concentrated sludge is transferred by the screw blades 33, and the outer cylinder screen Separate the filtrate from 32. The opening amount of the discharge port 35a of the filtration chamber 35 is adjusted by the presser 45, and solid-liquid separation is promoted while applying back pressure to the filtration chamber 35 to discharge the dehydrated cake. A cleaning pipe 52 is disposed along the outer cylinder screen 32. During cleaning, cleaning water is sprayed from the cleaning pipe 52 onto the outer cylinder screen 32, and the outer cylinder screen 32 is rotated by an outer cylinder drive 39. To clean the entire surface of the outer cylinder screen 32. A filtrate trough 53 is disposed below the outer cylinder screen 32, and reference numeral 54 is a cake receiving tank for dehydrated cake disposed at the terminal end of the screw press 31.
本願発明に係る運転制御方法は、スクリュープレス３１を安定して運転するために、スクリュープレス３１に供給される汚泥等の圧入圧力Ｐ１を一定に制御することを基本としている。
そこで、前記圧入圧力Ｐ１を一定に制御するために、前記スクリュープレス３１に供給される濃縮汚泥の供給流量を制御すべく濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７を回転制御するものである。
The operation control method according to the present invention is basically based on controlling the press-fitting pressure P1 of sludge or the like supplied to the screw press 31 in order to operate the screw press 31 stably.
Therefore, in order to control the press-fitting pressure P1 to be constant, the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 is rotationally controlled to control the supply flow rate of the concentrated sludge supplied to the screw press 31.
より詳しく説明すると、スクリュープレス３１の運転が開始されると、スクリュープレス３１に供給される濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力Ｐ１は、圧力計ＰＳで検知されて制御装置６０に送られる。
スクリュープレス３１の運転中は、汚泥性状の変動で汚泥のろ過性が悪くなってスクリュープレス３１への負荷が増えると、濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力Ｐ１が上昇する。一方、汚泥のろ過性が回復して、スクリュープレス３１への負荷が減少すると、濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力Ｐ１が減少する。
そこで、制御装置６０では、圧力計ＰＳの圧入圧力Ｐ１を予め設定した基準圧力Ｐ０と比較判断して、基準圧力Ｐ０より高い場合には、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を減らすべく濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７に指令を与えて供給流量を減少させる。一方、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０より低い場合には、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を増やすべく濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７に指令を与えて供給流量を増加させる。
したがって、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を制御して供給流量を調整することにより、スクリュープレス３１に供給される濃縮汚泥の圧入圧力Ｐ１がほぼ基準圧力Ｐ０に維持されることになる。
基準圧力Ｐ０は、ある程度の幅を持たせて設定することができ、圧入圧力Ｐ１がその設定幅内にある時は、現状を維持した状態で通常運転を継続する。
In more detail, when the operation of the screw press 31 is started, the press-fitting pressure P 1 of concentrated sludge supplied to the screw press 31 is sent to the control unit 60 is detected by the pressure gauge PS.
During the operation of the screw press 31, if the sludge filterability deteriorates due to fluctuations in sludge properties and the load on the screw press 31 increases, the press-fitting pressure P1 of the concentrated sludge increases. On the other hand, when the filterability of sludge is recovered and the load on the screw press 31 is reduced, the press-fitting pressure P1 of the concentrated sludge is reduced.
Therefore, the control device 60 compares and determines the press-fitting pressure P1 of the pressure gauge PS with a preset reference pressure P0, and if it is higher than the reference pressure P0, the concentrated sludge supply to reduce the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27. A command is given to the pump 27 to reduce the supply flow rate. On the other hand, when the press-fitting pressure P1 is lower than the reference pressure P0, a command is given to the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 to increase the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 and the supply flow rate is increased.
Therefore, by adjusting the supply flow rate by controlling the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, the press-fitting pressure P1 of the concentrated sludge supplied to the screw press 31 is maintained substantially at the reference pressure P0.
The reference pressure P0 can be set with a certain range, and when the press-fit pressure P1 is within the set range, the normal operation is continued while maintaining the current state.
ところが、脱水性の変動により処理量が変動し、例えば、スクリュープレス３１に供給する圧入圧力Ｐ１が小さくなると、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を大きくして供給量を増加させるのであるが、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７に供給する濃縮汚泥が不足し、回転濃縮機１１とスクリュープレス３１との連続性が途切れる可能性がある。また、原液の濃度変動により回転濃縮機１１での濃縮汚泥量が変動し、例えば、原液濃度が低くなると回転濃縮機１１の濃縮汚泥量が減少し、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７に供給する濃縮汚泥が不足することになる。
したがって、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転制御に伴い、前段の回転濃縮機１１の処理量を調整すべく、回転濃縮機１１へ原液を供給する原液供給ポンプ１の回転数と回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の回転数とを同時に制御するものである。
However, the amount of treatment varies due to fluctuations in dewaterability. For example, when the press-fitting pressure P1 supplied to the screw press 31 decreases, the rotation rate of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 is increased to increase the supply amount. The concentrated sludge supplied to the sludge supply pump 27 is insufficient, and the continuity between the rotary concentrator 11 and the screw press 31 may be interrupted. Further, the concentrated sludge amount in the rotary concentrator 11 fluctuates due to the concentration fluctuation of the stock solution. For example, when the stock solution concentration decreases, the concentrated sludge amount in the rotary concentrator 11 decreases, and the concentrated sludge supplied to the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 is reduced. It will be insufficient.
Therefore, in accordance with the rotation control of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, the rotation speed of the raw solution supply pump 1 that supplies the raw solution to the rotary concentrator 11 and the screw of the rotary concentrator 11 are adjusted in order to adjust the processing amount of the rotary concentrator 11 in the previous stage. The rotational speed of the shaft 14 is controlled simultaneously.
より詳しく説明すると、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０より高い場合には、制御装置６０で濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を減らす指令を与えると共に、回転濃縮機１１への原液供給量を減らすべく原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を減少させる指令を与え、濃縮汚泥量を減少させる。ここで、濃縮汚泥の濃度を維持するために回転濃縮機１１での滞留時間を減らすべく回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー駆動機２４に指令を与えて、スクリュー軸１４の回転数を増加させる。一方、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０より低い場合には、制御装置６０で濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を増やす指令を与えると共に、回転濃縮機１１への原液供給量を増やすべく原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を増加させる指令を与え、濃縮汚泥の濃度を維持するために回転濃縮機１１での滞留時間を増やすべく回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー駆動機２４に指令を与えて、スクリュー軸１４の回転数を減少させる。 More specifically, when the press-fitting pressure P1 is higher than the reference pressure P0, the controller 60 gives a command to reduce the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 and also reduces the supply amount of the concentrate to the rotary concentrator 11 A command to reduce the rotation speed of the supply pump 1 is given to reduce the amount of concentrated sludge. Here, in order to reduce the residence time in the rotary concentrator 11 in order to maintain the concentration of the concentrated sludge, a command is given to the screw driver 24 of the rotary concentrator 11 to increase the rotational speed of the screw shaft 14. On the other hand, when the press-fitting pressure P1 is lower than the reference pressure P0, the control device 60 gives a command to increase the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, and at the same time, increases the supply amount of the concentrate to the rotary concentrator 11 In order to increase the rotation speed of the rotary concentrator 11 and to increase the residence time in the rotary concentrator 11 in order to maintain the concentration of the concentrated sludge. Decrease the number.
一旦、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数、回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の回転数を変更させると、一定時間経過後に再度圧入圧力Ｐ１を計測し、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０内に復帰するまで上記動作を繰り返す。 Once the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump 1, and the rotation speed of the screw shaft 14 of the rotary concentrator 11 are changed, the press- fitting pressure P1 is measured again after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the press-fitting pressure P1. The above operation is repeated until the pressure returns to the reference pressure P0.
濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数、回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の回転数は、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０内に復帰するまで段階的に増減させる。各回転数の変更幅は予め設定しておく。それぞれの回転数の上限、下限を設定し、上限あるいは下限に達すると警報を発するか、あるいは運転を自動停止して調査ができるようにしてもよい。 The rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump 1, and the rotation speed of the screw shaft 14 of the rotary concentrator 11 are increased or decreased in stages until the press-fit pressure P1 returns to the reference pressure P0. The change width of each rotation speed is set in advance. An upper limit and a lower limit for each rotation speed may be set, and an alarm may be issued when the upper limit or the lower limit is reached, or the operation may be automatically stopped for investigation.
上記圧入圧力一定制御とは別途に、濃縮汚泥管２６内の濃縮汚泥量を一定に制御するために、回転濃縮機１１の原液供給量を制御すべく回転濃縮機１１へ原液を供給する原液供給ポンプ１の回転制御を行っている。 Separately from the above-mentioned constant press-fitting pressure control, the raw solution supply for supplying the raw solution to the rotary concentrator 11 in order to control the raw solution supply amount of the rotary concentrator 11 in order to control the amount of concentrated sludge in the concentrated sludge tube 26 constant. The rotation control of the pump 1 is performed.
より詳しく説明すると、制御装置６０では、濃縮汚泥管２６に配設した液位計２８の液位Ｌ１が予め設定した基準液位Ｌ０と比較判断して、液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０より高い場合には、濃縮汚泥管２６内の濃縮汚泥量を減らすべく回転濃縮機１１へ原液を供給する原液供給ポンプ１に指令を与えて回転数を減少させる。一方、液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０より低い場合には、濃縮汚泥管２６内の濃縮汚泥量を増やすべく回転濃縮機１１へ原液を供給する原液供給ポンプ１に指令を与えて回転数を増加させる。 More specifically, in the control device 60, the liquid level L1 of the liquid level meter 28 disposed in the concentrated sludge pipe 26 is compared with the preset reference liquid level L0, so that the liquid level L1 is the reference liquid level L0. If higher, a command is given to the stock solution supply pump 1 that supplies the stock solution to the rotary concentrator 11 to reduce the amount of concentrated sludge in the concentrated sludge tube 26, and the rotational speed is reduced. On the other hand, when the liquid level L1 is lower than the reference liquid level L0, a command is given to the stock solution supply pump 1 that supplies the stock solution to the rotary concentrator 11 in order to increase the amount of concentrated sludge in the concentrated sludge tube 26, and the rotational speed is set. increase.
一旦、回転濃縮機１１へ原液を供給する原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を変更させると、一定時間経過後に再度液位Ｌ１を計測し、液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０内に復帰するまで上記動作を繰り返す。 Once the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump 1 that supplies the stock solution to the rotary concentrator 11 is changed, the liquid level L1 is measured again after a predetermined time has elapsed until the liquid level L1 returns to the reference liquid level L0. Repeat the above operation.
基準液位Ｌ０は、ある程度の幅を持たせて設定することができ、液位Ｌ１がその設定幅内にある時は、現状を維持した状態で通常運転を継続する。
回転濃縮機１１へ原液を供給する原液供給ポンプ１の回転数は、液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０内に復帰するまで段階的に増減させる。回転数の変更幅は予め設定しておく。回転数の上限、下限を設定し、上限あるいは下限に達すると警報を発するか、あるいは運転を自動停止して調査ができるようにしてもよい。
The reference liquid level L0 can be set with a certain width, and when the liquid level L1 is within the set width, the normal operation is continued while maintaining the current state.
The number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump 1 that supplies the stock solution to the rotary concentrator 11 is increased or decreased in stages until the liquid level L1 returns to the reference liquid level L0. The range for changing the rotational speed is set in advance. An upper limit and a lower limit of the number of revolutions may be set, and an alarm may be issued when the upper limit or the lower limit is reached, or the operation may be automatically stopped for investigation.
図６はこの実施の形態に係る回転濃縮機とスクリュープレスの運転制御方法のフローチャートである。
Ａ．初期設定
濃縮汚泥をスクリュープレス３１に圧入する際の基準圧力Ｐ０を設定する。本実施例では最大基準圧力Ｐ０ｍａｘと最小基準圧力Ｐ０ｍｉｎの間を基準圧力Ｐ０としている。
原液供給ポンプ１の基準回転数Ｎ１、最大回転数Ｎ１ｍａｘ、最小回転数Ｎ１ｍｉｎを設定し、段階的に増減させる回転数ｎ１を設定する。
濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の基準回転数Ｎ２、最大回転数Ｎ２ｍａｘ、最小回転数Ｎ２ｍｉｎを設定し、段階的に増減させる回転数ｎ２を設定する。
回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の基準回転数Ｎ３、最大回転数Ｎ３ｍａｘ、最小回転数Ｎ３ｍｉｎを設定し、段階的に増減させる回転数ｎ３を設定する。
スクリュープレス３１のスクリュー軸３４の定格回転数Ｎ４を設定する。
濃縮汚泥を濃縮汚泥管２６に貯留する際の基準液位Ｌ０を設定する。本実施例では最大基準液位Ｌ０ｍａｘと最小基準液位Ｌ０ｍｉｎの間を基準液位Ｌ０としている。
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the operation control method of the rotary concentrator and the screw press according to this embodiment.
A. Initial setting A reference pressure P0 when pressing the concentrated sludge into the screw press 31 is set. In this embodiment, the reference pressure P0 is set between the maximum reference pressure P0max and the minimum reference pressure P0min.
Reference rotation speed N1 of the starting solution feed pump 1, the maximum rotational speed N1max, sets the minimum rotation speed N1min, setting the rotational speed n 1 of stepwise increased or decreased.
Reference rotational speed N2 of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, the maximum rotational speed N2max, sets the minimum rotation speed N2min, setting the rotational speed n 2 of stepwise increased or decreased.
Reference rotational speed N3 of the screw shaft 14 of the rotary concentrator 11, the maximum rotational speed N3max, sets the minimum rotation speed N3min, setting the rotational speed n 3 for stepwise increasing or decreasing.
The rated rotational speed N4 of the screw shaft 34 of the screw press 31 is set.
A reference liquid level L0 for storing the concentrated sludge in the concentrated sludge pipe 26 is set. In this embodiment, the reference liquid level L0 is set between the maximum reference liquid level L0max and the minimum reference liquid level L0min.
Ｂ．運転開始
上記基準回転数及び定格回転数で各機器を運転する。尚、高分子供給ポンプ４は原液供給ポンプ１の回転数に従って比例制御で運転する。また、回転濃縮機１１の外筒スクリーン１２を駆動させる外筒駆動機２３は、スクリュー軸１４を駆動させるスクリュー駆動機２４の回転数に従って比例制御で差速回転する。
B. Start of operation Operate each device at the above standard speed and rated speed. The polymer supply pump 4 is operated by proportional control according to the rotational speed of the stock solution supply pump 1. Further, the outer cylinder driver 23 that drives the outer cylinder screen 12 of the rotary concentrator 11 rotates at a differential speed by proportional control in accordance with the rotational speed of the screw driver 24 that drives the screw shaft 14.
Ｃ．圧入圧力比較
濃縮汚泥をスクリュープレス３１に圧入する際の圧入圧力Ｐ１を測定し、基準圧力Ｐ０と比較する。
圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０内にある場合は、各機器の運転を現状の状態で継続する。
圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０より小さい（Ｐ１＜Ｐ０ｍｉｎ）場合は、フローチャートのＤへ移行して濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を段階的に増加させる制御を行う。
圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０より大きい（Ｐ０ｍａｘ＜Ｐ１）場合は、フローチャートのＧへ移行して濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を段階的に減少させる制御を行う。
C. Intrusion pressure comparison The intrusion pressure P1 when the concentrated sludge is intruded into the screw press 31 is measured and compared with the reference pressure P0.
When the press-fit pressure P1 is within the reference pressure P0, the operation of each device is continued in the current state.
When the press-fitting pressure P1 is smaller than the reference pressure P0 (P1 <P0 min), the process proceeds to D in the flowchart, and control is performed to increase the rotational speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 stepwise.
When the press-fit pressure P1 is larger than the reference pressure P0 (P0max <P1), the process proceeds to G in the flowchart, and control is performed to decrease the rotational speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 stepwise.
Ｄ．濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ回転数増
上記フローチャートＣにおいて、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０より小さい（Ｐ１＜Ｐ０ｍｉｎ）場合は、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ増加させる（Ｎ２＋ｎ２）制御を行う。
D. Concentrated sludge supply pump rotation speed increase In the above flow chart C, when the press-fit pressure P1 is smaller than the reference pressure P0 (P1 <P0 min), the rotation speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 is increased by a preset rotation speed (N2 + n2). I do.
Ｅ．原液供給ポンプ回転数増
上記フローチャートＤにおいて、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を増加した後、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ増加させる（Ｎ１＋ｎ１）制御を行う。
E. Increase in the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump In the flowchart D, after increasing the number of revolutions of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, control is performed to increase the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump 1 by a preset number of revolutions (N1 + n1).
Ｆ．濃縮機のスクリュー軸回転数減
上記フローチャートＥにおいて、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を増加した後、回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ減少させる（Ｎ３−ｎ３）制御を行う。
F. Decrease in the screw shaft rotation speed of the concentrator In the flowchart E, after increasing the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump 1, the rotation speed of the screw shaft 14 of the rotary concentrator 11 is decreased by a preset rotation speed (N3-n3). Take control.
一定時間経過後に再度圧入圧力Ｐ１を計測し、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０内に復帰するまで上記動作を繰り返す。濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数が最大回転数Ｎ２ｍａｘ、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数が最大回転数Ｎ１ｍａｘ、あるいは回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の回転数が最小回転数Ｎ３ｍｉｎに達しても圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０内に復帰しない場合は、警報を発するか、あるいは運転を自動停止する。 After a predetermined time has elapsed, the press-fit pressure P1 is measured again, and the above operation is repeated until the press-fit pressure P1 returns to the reference pressure P0. Rpm Maximum rotation speed N2max the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, the stock solution speed up the rotation speed N1max the supply pump 1 or even injection pressure reaches speed to the minimum rotational speed N3min of the screw shaft 14 of the rotary concentrator 11, When P1 does not return to the reference pressure P0, an alarm is issued or the operation is automatically stopped.
Ｇ．濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ回転数減
上記フローチャートＣにおいて、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０より大きい（Ｐ０ｍａｘ＜Ｐ１）場合は、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ減少させる（Ｎ２−ｎ２）制御を行う。
G. Concentration sludge supply pump rotational speed reduction In the flowchart C, when the press-fit pressure P1 is larger than the reference pressure P0 (P0max <P1), the rotational speed of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 is decreased by a preset rotational speed (N2-n2). ) Control.
Ｈ．原液供給ポンプ回転数減
上記フローチャートＧにおいて、濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数を減少した後、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ減少させる（Ｎ１−ｎ１）制御を行う。
H. Decrease in the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump In the above-mentioned flowchart G, after the number of revolutions of the concentrated sludge supply pump 27 is reduced, control is performed to reduce the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump 1 by a preset number of revolutions (N1-n1).
Ｉ．濃縮機のスクリュー軸回転数増
上記フローチャートＨにおいて、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を減少した後、回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ増加させる（Ｎ３＋ｎ３）制御を行う。
I. Increase of the screw shaft rotation speed of the concentrator In the above flowchart H, after the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump 1 is decreased, the rotation speed of the screw shaft 14 of the rotary concentrator 11 is increased by a preset rotation speed (N3 + n3). Do.
一定時間経過後に再度圧入圧力Ｐ１を計測し、圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０内に復帰するまで上記動作を繰り返す。濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ２７の回転数が最小回転数Ｎ２ｍｉｎ、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数が最小回転数Ｎ１ｍｉｎ、あるいは回転濃縮機１１のスクリュー軸１４の回転数が最大回転数Ｎ３ｍａｘに達しても圧入圧力Ｐ１が基準圧力Ｐ０内に復帰しない場合は、警報を発するか、あるいは運転を自動停止する。 After a predetermined time has elapsed, the press-fit pressure P1 is measured again, and the above operation is repeated until the press-fit pressure P1 returns to the reference pressure P0. Speed minimum rotation speed N2min the concentrated sludge supply pump 27, undiluted speed minimum rotation speed N1min the supply pump 1 or even injection pressure reaches speed to the maximum rotational speed N3max of the screw shaft 14 of the rotary concentrator 11, When P1 does not return to the reference pressure P0, an alarm is issued or the operation is automatically stopped.
Ｊ．液位比較
濃縮汚泥を濃縮汚泥管２６に貯留する際の液位Ｌ１を測定し、基準液位Ｌ０と比較する。
液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０内にある場合は、各機器の運転を現状の状態で継続する。
液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０より小さい（Ｌ１＜Ｌ０ｍｉｎ）場合は、フローチャートのＫへ移行して原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を段階的に増加させる制御を行う。
液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０より大きい（Ｌ０ｍａｘ＜Ｌ１）場合は、フローチャートのＬへ移行して原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を段階的に減少させる制御を行う。
J. et al. Liquid level comparison The liquid level L1 at the time of storing concentrated sludge in the concentrated sludge pipe 26 is measured and compared with the reference liquid level L0.
When the liquid level L1 is within the reference liquid level L0, the operation of each device is continued in the current state.
When the liquid level L1 is smaller than the reference liquid level L0 (L1 <L0 min), the process proceeds to K in the flowchart, and control is performed to increase the rotational speed of the stock solution supply pump 1 stepwise.
When the liquid level L1 is larger than the reference liquid level L0 (L0max <L1), the process proceeds to L in the flowchart, and control is performed to decrease the rotational speed of the stock solution supply pump 1 stepwise.
Ｋ．原液供給ポンプ回転数増
上記フローチャートＪにおいて、液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０より小さい（Ｌ１＜Ｌ０ｍｉｎ）場合は、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ増加させる（Ｎ１＋ｎ１）制御を行う。
K. Increase in the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump In the above flowchart J, when the liquid level L1 is smaller than the reference level L0 (L1 <L0min), the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump 1 is increased by a preset number of revolutions (N1 + n1). I do.
Ｌ．原液供給ポンプ回転数減
上記フローチャートＪにおいて、液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０より大きい（Ｌ０ｍａｘ＜Ｌ１）場合は、原液供給ポンプ１の回転数を予め設定した回転数だけ減少させる（Ｎ１−ｎ１）制御を行う。
L. Decrease in the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump In the flowchart J, when the liquid level L1 is larger than the reference level L0 (L0max <L1), the number of revolutions of the stock solution supply pump 1 is decreased by a preset number of revolutions (N1-n1). ) Control.
一定時間経過後に再度液位Ｌ１を計測し、液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０内に復帰するまで上記動作を繰り返す。原液供給ポンプ１の回転数が最大回転数Ｎ１ｍａｘまたは最小回転数Ｎ１ｍｉｎに達しても液位Ｌ１が基準液位Ｌ０内に復帰しない場合は、警報を発するか、あるいは運転を自動停止する。 The liquid level L1 is measured again after a certain period of time, and the above operation is repeated until the liquid level L1 returns to the reference liquid level L0. If the liquid level L1 does not return to the reference liquid level L0 even if the rotation speed of the stock solution supply pump 1 reaches the maximum rotation speed N1max or the minimum rotation speed N1min, an alarm is issued or the operation is automatically stopped.
濃縮機として回転濃縮機はベルト型濃縮機や多重円板型濃縮機等の従来の濃縮機と比較して、サイズが小さくコンパクトであり、電動機容量も小さく省電力である。また、回転濃縮機はスクリュー軸の回転数制御による濃縮濃度の調整が容易である。
脱水機としてスクリュープレス式脱水機はベルト型脱水機や遠心脱水機等の従来の連続式脱水機と比較して、サイズが小さくコンパクトであり、電動機容量も小さく省電力である。また、スクリュープレスは圧入圧力一定制御による安定運転が容易である。
この回転濃縮機とスクリュープレスとを組み合わせることで、濃縮から脱水までの制御を一括して行うことができ、省スペース、省エネルギーで産業に寄与することができるものである。
As a concentrator, a rotary concentrator is smaller and more compact and has a smaller motor capacity and power saving than conventional concentrators such as a belt-type concentrator and a multi-disc concentrator. Further, the rotary concentrator can easily adjust the concentrated concentration by controlling the rotational speed of the screw shaft.
As a dehydrator, a screw press type dehydrator is smaller and more compact and has a smaller motor capacity and power saving than conventional continuous dehydrators such as a belt-type dehydrator and a centrifugal dehydrator. In addition, the screw press is easy to operate stably by constant press-fitting pressure control.
By combining this rotary concentrator and a screw press, it is possible to collectively control from concentration to dehydration, and contribute to the industry with space and energy savings.
１ 原液供給ポンプ
１０ 濃縮機
１１ 回転濃縮機
１４ スクリュー軸
２６ 濃縮汚泥管
２７ 濃縮汚泥供給ポンプ
３０ 脱水機
３１ スクリュープレス
３４ スクリュー軸
1 Stock solution supply pump
10 Concentrator 11 Rotary Concentrator 14 Screw Shaft 26 Concentrated Sludge Tube 27 Concentrated Sludge Supply Pump
30 Dehydrator 31 Screw press 34 Screw shaft
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