JP5038933B2 - Pile driver - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile driving machine, and more particularly to a pile driving machine provided with a free lowering mechanism that lowers an auger drive device by a propelling force of an auger.

When constructing a steel pipe pile or auger screw with a spiral blade at the tip, the descent speed of the auger drive apparatus determined by the weight of the auger drive device including the steel pipe pile or auger screw and the propulsive force of the steel pipe pile or auger screw There is known a free lowering mechanism provided with a free lowering hydraulic circuit that lowers the auger with the weight and the propulsive force regardless of the amount of oil supplied to the auger lifting hydraulic motor (for example, Patent Document 1, 2).
JP 2001-98879 A Japanese Patent No. 3119343

  Even when constructing steel pipe piles or auger screws with spiral blades, when pressing steel pipe piles into hard ground at the final stage of construction, the free descent mechanism is cut and the auger lifting hydraulic motor is operated. The auger drive device is forcibly lowered, and a steel pipe pile or auger screw is screwed into the ground by the pressing force of the auger drive device. At this time, if the descending speed of the auger drive device exceeds the screwing speed by the spiral blade, the front part of the pile driver main body is lifted at the end of construction.

  Normally, the auger drive device is raised while adjusting the speed of the auger lifting hydraulic motor to return the pile driver main body posture, but the free descent mechanism with the front part of the pile driver body raised When the is operated, the auger drive device suddenly rises along the leader when the front portion of the pile driver main body that has been lifted is lowered. When the auger drive device suddenly rises, the auger lift hydraulic motor rotates rapidly toward the ascending side, and the auger lift hydraulic motor becomes over-rotated and seizes or the auger lifts in the ascending direction of the auger drive device. There was a risk that the suction side of the hydraulic motor would be damaged due to negative pressure.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the pile driver which can prevent that a free descent mechanism will be in an operation state in the construction completion state where the front part of the pile driver main body rose, and can protect a hydraulic motor. Yes.

  In order to achieve the above object, a pile driving machine according to the present invention includes a lifting hydraulic circuit for driving an auger lifting hydraulic motor for lifting and lowering an auger driving device provided on a leader so as to move up and down, and the auger lifting hydraulic pressure. A pile driving machine comprising: a free descent hydraulic circuit for freely lowering an auger drive device by freely rotating a motor; and a rotary hydraulic circuit for rotating the auger by the auger drive device. The free descent electric circuit is brought into a conducting state only when the rotating electric circuit for operating the rotating hydraulic circuit puts the rotating hydraulic circuit into an operating state. It is characterized by providing an open / close circuit.

  Further, the pile driving machine of the present invention is configured such that the hydraulic oil flows out from the auger elevating hydraulic motor when the auger drive device is raised with the free descent hydraulic circuit activated. A check valve for restricting the outflow of hydraulic oil from the lifting hydraulic motor is provided, and a flow rate control valve is provided in parallel with the check valve.

  According to the pile driver of the present invention, even if the free descent electric circuit is switched on to activate the free descent hydraulic circuit with the front part of the pile driver main body raised, the rotation hydraulic circuit Since the switch for operating the switch is turned on and the electrical circuit for rotation activates the hydraulic circuit for rotation, the free descent hydraulic circuit can only be activated, so the front part of the pile driver body is lifted up Thus, even if the electric circuit for free descent is switched on, the free descent hydraulic circuit is not activated, and the auger elevating hydraulic motor can be prevented from freely rotating. Therefore, even if the electric circuit for free descent is turned on when the front part of the pile driver is raised, the auger lifting hydraulic motor does not rotate, so the hydraulic motor is over-rotated and seized. It is possible to prevent the suction side of the motor from being damaged due to negative pressure, and to protect the auger lifting hydraulic motor.

  In addition, even if the free descent hydraulic circuit is activated when the front part of the pile driver main body is lifted, the auger elevating hydraulic pressure when the auger elevating hydraulic motor rotates toward the ascending side By providing a check valve in the hydraulic circuit from which hydraulic fluid flows out from the motor, the flow of hydraulic fluid can be regulated to prevent rotation of the auger lifting hydraulic motor. Further, by providing the flow control valve in parallel with the check valve, the hydraulic motor can be rotated within a range that does not cause excessive rotation, so that the front portion of the pile driver main body can be slowly lowered.

  FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a main part showing an example of a hydraulic circuit provided in the pile driving machine of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram of a main part showing an example of an electric circuit for controlling the hydraulic circuit. FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of a pile driving machine.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, a pile driving machine 12 for constructing a steel pipe pile 11 having a spiral blade 11a at the tip is erected on the front part of an upper turning body 14 that is provided on the lower traveling body 13 so as to be turnable. The auger drive device 17 that is supported by the back stay 16 and is movable up and down on the reader 15 is suspended up and down by the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 provided at the lower end of the reader 15. It is formed so as to be raised and lowered via the chain 15a. The steel pipe pile 11 is buried by operating the auger rotating hydraulic motor 19 provided in the auger driving device 17 by hydraulic pressure to rotate the steel pipe pile 11 and setting the auger lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 18 in a free state. This is done by lowering in a free state.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic circuit for operating the auger lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 18 is a lifting / lowering hydraulic pump 21 and a lifting / lowering control valve 22 as a lifting / lowering hydraulic circuit 20a for raising / lowering the auger driving device 17 by hydraulic pressure. The free lowering solenoid valve 25, the free lowering first switching valve 26, the free lowering hydraulic circuit 20b constituting the free lowering mechanism for freely lowering the auger drive device 17 as well as the load holding valve 23 A second switching valve 27 for lowering and a speed control valve 28; and a check valve 29 and a flow rate control valve 30 for restricting the flow of hydraulic oil when the auger lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 18 rotates upward. Yes. Further, a rotation hydraulic circuit 31 for operating the auger rotation hydraulic motor 19 includes a rotation hydraulic pump 32, a rotation control valve 33, right rotation and left rotation switches 34a and 34b, and right rotation and left rotation. Each pilot valve 35a, 35b for rotation is provided.

  Further, the electric lowering mechanism of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 and the electric circuit 24 for operating the auger rotating hydraulic motor 19 operate the free lowering solenoid valve 25 of the free lowering mechanism as shown in FIG. A free descent switch 36 for causing the auger rotation, a display lamp 36a for indicating that the descent operation is in progress, the right rotation and left rotation switches 34a and 34b for operating the auger rotation hydraulic motor 19, and a right rotation, left Only when one of the rotation switches 34a, 34b is turned on and energized to activate the rotation hydraulic circuit 31, the free lowering switch 36 and the solenoid 25a of the free lowering solenoid valve 25 are electrically connected. A relay circuit 37 is provided as an open / close circuit for setting the state.

  By configuring the electric circuit in this manner, the relay circuit 37 cuts off the free descent switch 36 and the solenoid 25a when either the right rotation switch or the left rotation switch 34a, 34b is not turned on. Therefore, even if only the free lowering switch 36 is turned on, the free lowering mechanism is not operated. In other words, the operation of the free lowering mechanism by the free lowering hydraulic circuit 20 b is limited to the time of construction in which the steel pipe pile 11 is rotated by the auger rotating hydraulic motor 19.

  When the pile driving machine 12 is in a standby state, as shown in FIG. 1, the elevation control valve 22 is in a neutral position, and the right rotation and left rotation switches 34a and 34b are both OFF. In this state, the discharge circuit 21a of the lifting hydraulic pump 21 is released to the tank 38 via the lifting control valve 22, and the release valves 23a and 23b of the load holding valve 23 are closed, so that the auger lifting and lowering is performed. The brake 18a provided in the hydraulic motor 18 is in a braking state. Accordingly, there is no inflow or outflow of hydraulic oil to the auger lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 18, and the auger lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 18 does not rotate and maintains a position with respect to the reader 15.

  When the raising / lowering control valve 22 is switched to the raising side to raise the auger drive device 17, the hydraulic oil discharged from the raising / lowering hydraulic pump 21 to the discharge circuit 21 a passes through the raising side circuit 41 from the raising / lowering control valve 22. Then, it passes through the ascending check valve 23 c of the load holding valve 23 and is supplied to the ascending inlet 42 of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18. At the same time, the release valve 23a on the rising side of the load holding valve 23 is opened by the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the brake 18a is released. As a result, the hydraulic oil supplied to the ascending side inlet 42 rotates the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 toward the ascending side, and then descends the circuit 44 from the descending side inlet 43 of the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18. , Flows through the release valve 23b, flows in the reverse direction in the descending circuit 44, and returns to the tank 38 from the lifting control valve 22.

  Further, when the raising / lowering control valve 22 is switched to the lowering side in order to lower the auger driving device 17, the hydraulic oil discharged from the raising / lowering hydraulic pump 21 passes through the lowering side circuit 44 from the raising / lowering control valve 22 and is loaded. It passes through the lowering check valve 23 d of the holding valve 23 and is supplied to the lowering inlet 43 of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18. At the same time, the release valve 23b on the descending side of the load holding valve 23 is opened by the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the brake 18a is released. As a result, the hydraulic oil supplied to the descending side inlet 43 rotates and drives the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 toward the descending side, and then the rising side circuit 41 from the rising side inlet 42 of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18. , Flows through the release valve 23a, flows in the reverse direction through the ascending circuit 41, and returns to the tank 38 from the lifting control valve 22.

  When constructing the steel pipe pile 11, when a switch corresponding to the screwing direction of the steel pipe pile 11, for example, a right rotation switch 34 a is turned on, the right rotation pilot valve 35 a is opened and the pilot pressure from the pilot pipe 44 is rotated. Acting on the control valve 33, the rotation control valve 33 is switched to the right rotation side. As a result, the hydraulic oil discharged from the rotation hydraulic pump 32 is supplied from the rotation control valve 33 to the right rotation side inlet 46 of the rotation hydraulic pump 32 through the right rotation side circuit 45, and the steel pipe pile 11. After the rotation hydraulic pump 32 is driven to rotate in the right rotation direction, the rotation hydraulic pump 32 flows out to the left rotation side inlet 47, flows in the left rotation side circuit 48 in the reverse direction, and returns to the tank 38 through the rotation control valve 33.

  When the steel pipe pile 11 is rotated leftward, when the left rotation switch 34b is turned on, the left rotation pilot valve 35b is opened and the rotation control valve 33 is switched to the left rotation side and discharged from the rotation hydraulic pump 32. The hydraulic fluid is supplied from the rotation control valve 33 to the left rotation side inlet 47 of the rotation hydraulic pump 32 through the left rotation side circuit 48, and after rotating the rotation hydraulic pump 32 in the reverse direction, The right side circuit 45 flows in the reverse direction from the rotation side inlet 46 and returns to the tank 38 from the rotation control valve 33.

  Furthermore, when operating the free lowering mechanism when constructing the steel pipe pile 11, the free lowering switch 36 is turned on with the lifting control valve 22 in the neutral position. At this time, if either the right rotation switch 34a or the left rotation switch 34b is turned on, the relay circuit 37 is activated and the free lowering switch 36 and the solenoid 25a of the free lowering solenoid valve 25 are in a conductive state. Thus, the solenoid 25a is actuated to switch the free lowering solenoid valve 25 to the free lowering side, and the free lowering first switching valve 26 and the free lowering second switching valve 27 are opened by the pilot pressure.

  As a result, the lower side inlet 43 of the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 branches from the discharge circuit 21a via the free lowering circuit 49, the check valve 29, and the flow rate control valve 30, and the discharge side of the elevating hydraulic pump 21 and the tank 38. And the ascending side inlet 42 of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 is released from the free descending return circuit 50 to the tank 38a via the free descending second switching valve 27 and the speed control valve 28. become.

  At this time, since the raising / lowering control valve 22 is in a neutral state, the pressure of the hydraulic oil does not act on the ascending side circuit 41 and the descending side circuit 44, so that the release valves 23a and 23b of the load holding valve 23 are Both are closed. In addition, since the check valve 29 and the flow rate control valve 30 are provided in parallel in the free descent circuit 49, the flow of hydraulic oil flowing through the free descent circuit 49 in the direction of flowing into the descent side inlet 43 is restricted. However, the flow in the direction of flowing out from the descending inlet 43 is regulated.

  By setting the free lowering mechanism to the operating state in this manner, the auger driving device 17 is lowered by the weight of the auger driving device 17 including the steel pipe pile 11 and the propulsive force of the steel pipe pile 11. When a force that causes the motor 18 to rotate downward is applied, a part of the hydraulic oil from the lifting hydraulic pump 21 branches from the discharge circuit 21a to the free descending circuit 49, and the first switch valve 26 and the check valve 29 for free descending. And is sucked into the descent side inlet 43 of the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18, flows out of the ascending side inlet 42 and flows through the free descent return circuit 50, and the free descent second switching valve 27 and the speed control valve 28. The auger lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 18 follows the lowering speed of the auger driving device 17 and freely rotates to the lowering side. Thereby, construction of the steel pipe pile 11 using a free descent mechanism is performed.

  Since the discharge pressure of the lifting hydraulic pump 21 is released to the tank 38 via the lifting control valve 22, there is little action to rotate the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 to the lowering side. It is possible to effectively prevent negative pressure from being generated in the free lowering circuit 49 on the suction side and the lifting hydraulic pump 21 when the hydraulic motor 18 rotates to the lowering side. It is preferable to branch from the discharge circuit 21a rather than providing the hydraulic oil from 38.

  Further, the flow rate of the speed control valve 28 of the free descending return circuit 50 is set so as to sufficiently follow the descending speed of the auger drive device 17 when the steel pipe pile 11 is constructed using the free descending mechanism. By providing the speed control valve 28, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing out from the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 by the speed control valve 28 even when the free lowering mechanism is erroneously operated with the auger drive device 17 raised. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the auger drive device 17 from suddenly descending.

  When the steel pipe pile 11 is press-fitted into the hard ground at the final stage of construction of the steel pipe pile 11, the free descent switch 36 is turned off to cut the free descent mechanism, and the elevator control valve 22 is switched to the descent side to raise and lower the auger. The hydraulic motor 18 is driven to rotate downward, the auger drive device 17 is lowered and the steel pipe pile 11 is pushed in. After the steel pipe pile 11 is press-fitted into the solid ground, the lifting control valve 22 is returned to the neutral state, The right rotation switch 34a or the left rotation switch 34b is turned off. At this final stage, when the lowering speed of the auger drive device 17 is higher than the lowering speed of the steel pipe pile 11 by the blades 11a, the main body front portion of the pile driving machine 12 is lifted. Usually, the front part of the main body of the pile driving machine 12 is returned to a predetermined posture by switching the raising / lowering control valve 22 to the ascending side and raising the auger driving device 17 at an appropriate speed.

  Thus, in the state where the main body front part of the pile driving machine 12 is lifted, the force in the direction in which the main body front part of the pile driving machine 12 descends due to gravity is the force in the direction in which the auger driving device 17 is raised along the leader 15. Therefore, when the free lowering mechanism operates in this state and the lifting hydraulic pump 21 is in a freely rotatable state, the ascending force of the auger driving device 17 rotates the lifting hydraulic pump 21 upward. It becomes the power to make.

  Therefore, when the free descent mechanism is activated simply by turning on the free descent switch 36, as described above, the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 is over-rotated and seized or the ascending inlet 42 side becomes negative pressure. The relay circuit 37 is provided between the free lowering switch 36 and the solenoid 25a of the free lowering solenoid valve 25, and the relay is performed only when the right rotation switch 34a or the left rotation switch 34b is turned on. Since the circuit 37 is formed so as to be in a conductive state, the relay circuit can be turned on even if the free descent switch 36 is turned on by turning off the right rotation switch 34a or the left rotation switch 34b at the end of the construction of the steel pipe pile 11. 37, the solenoid 25a is not energized, and the free lowering solenoid valve 25 is turned to the free lowering side. Never Waru. Therefore, simply by turning on the free descent switch 36, the free descent first switching valve 26 and the free descent second switching valve 27 remain closed, so that the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 can freely rotate. The auger lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 18 does not rotate even when a force in the upward direction is applied from the auger driving device 17. Accordingly, the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 can be protected without being over-rotated and seized, and the ascending side inlet 42 side does not become negative pressure.

  Further, as shown in the present embodiment, by providing the check valve 29 and the flow rate control valve 30, even if the free lowering mechanism is activated due to an abnormality in the electric system, the auger The lifting hydraulic motor 18 can be protected. That is, when the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 rotates to the ascending side, the hydraulic oil in the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 part flows into the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 from the ascending side inflow port 42 and enters the descending side inflow port. It flows in the direction which flows out from 43. At this time, since the lifting control valve 22 is in the neutral position and no hydraulic pressure is acting on the ascending circuit 41, the release valve 23b of the load holding valve 23 is closed, and the free descending circuit 49 Are provided with a check valve 29 and a flow rate control valve 30 for restricting the flow of hydraulic fluid flowing out from the descending inlet 43 when the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 rotates upward. Even if the hydraulic oil pressure on the descending inlet 43 side increases as the lifting hydraulic motor 18 rotates upward, the flow of the hydraulic oil is restricted by the release valve 23b and the check valve 29 of the load holding valve 23. Therefore, the hydraulic oil passes through the flow control valve 30 at a predetermined flow rate, flows in the reverse direction through the free drop circuit 49, and moves up and down from the first switch valve 26 for free drop. A state back to the tank 38 through a control valve 22.

  The hydraulic oil in the tank 38a is sucked into the free descending return circuit 50 through the speed control valve 28 and the free descending second switching valve 27 into the ascending inlet 42 of the auger ascending / descending hydraulic motor 18. become. At this time, by setting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil that passes through the flow rate control valve 30 to be smaller than the maximum flow rate that can pass through the speed control valve 28, the amount of hydraulic oil that is sucked into the rise side inlet 42 becomes insufficient. It is possible to prevent negative pressure on the inlet 42 side.

  Accordingly, by appropriately setting the flow rate setting value of the flow rate control valve 30, the rotational speed of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 to the ascending side can be reduced and the auger drive device 17 can be raised at a low speed. The main body front portion of the pile driving machine 12 in a lifted state can be slowly lowered to return to a predetermined posture. By reducing the rotational speed of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 in this way, the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 is not over-rotated and seized. In this state, the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 is suctioned. Even if the speed control valve 28 is provided in the free descending return circuit 50 connected to the ascending inlet 42, the ascending inlet 42 does not become negative pressure, so the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 is protected. Can do.

  Further, in this embodiment, the flow control valve 30 is provided in parallel with the check valve 29, and the hydraulic oil from the descending side inlet 43 of the auger lifting hydraulic motor 18 is allowed to pass at a preset small flow rate, so that it is lifted up. Although the main body front portion of the pile driving machine 12 in the state is slowly lowered, only the check valve 29 may be provided without providing the flow rate control valve 30. When only the check valve 29 is provided, the flow of hydraulic oil from the descending side inlet 43 toward the free descending circuit 49 is interrupted, so that the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 can be prevented from rotating upward. Accordingly, similarly to the above, the auger elevating hydraulic motor 18 is not over-rotated and seized, and the ascending inlet 42 side does not become negative pressure.

It is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the principal part which shows one example of the hydraulic circuit provided in the pile driver of the present invention. It is an electric circuit diagram of the principal part showing one example of an electric circuit which controls a hydraulic circuit. It is a side view which shows one example of a pile driver.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Steel pipe pile, 11a ... Blade | wing, 12 ... Pile driver, 13 ... Lower traveling body, 14 ... Upper turning body, 15 ... Leader, 15a ... Chain, 16 ... Backstay, 17 ... Auger drive device, 18 ... Auger raising / lowering Hydraulic motor, 18a ... brake, 19 ... hydraulic motor for auger rotation, 20a ... hydraulic hydraulic circuit, 20b ... hydraulic hydraulic circuit, 21 ... hydraulic hydraulic pump, 21a ... discharge circuit, 22 ... elevating control valve, 23 ... Load holding valve, 23a, 23b ... Release valve, 23c ... Up side check valve, 23d ... Down side check valve, 24 ... Electric circuit, 25 ... Free drop solenoid valve, 25a ... Solenoid, 26 ... Free drop first 1 switching valve, 27 ... second switching valve for free descent, 28 ... speed control valve, 29 ... check valve, 30 ... flow control valve, 31 ... hydraulic circuit for rotation, 3 Rotating hydraulic pump 33 Rotating control valve 34 a Rotating right switch 34 b Rotating left switch 35 a Rotating pilot valve 35 b Rotating left pilot valve 36 Free descent switch 36 a Indicating lamp, 37: Relay circuit, 38, 38a ... Tank, 41 ... Ascending side circuit, 42 ... Ascending side inlet, 43 ... Descent side inlet, 44 ... Descent side circuit, 45 ... Right rotation side circuit, 46 ... Right rotation side inlet, 47 ... Left rotation side inlet, 48 ... Left rotation side circuit, 49 ... Free descent circuit, 50 ... Free descent return circuit

Claims (3)

  An elevating hydraulic circuit for driving an auger elevating hydraulic motor for elevating an auger driving device provided on the leader so as to be movable up and down, and a free rotation of the auger elevating hydraulic motor for freely lowering the auger driving device In a pile driving machine equipped with a free descent hydraulic circuit and a rotating hydraulic circuit for rotating the auger with the auger drive device, a free descent electric circuit that activates the free descent hydraulic circuit, A pile driving machine comprising: an opening / closing circuit that brings a free descent electric circuit into a conductive state only when the rotating electric circuit that operates the rotating hydraulic circuit activates the rotating hydraulic circuit.   With the free descent hydraulic circuit activated, the hydraulic fluid flows out of the auger lifting hydraulic motor into the hydraulic circuit where the auger lifting hydraulic motor flows out when the auger drive device is raised The pile driving machine according to claim 1, further comprising a check valve for regulating the pressure.   The pile driving machine according to claim 2, wherein a flow control valve is provided in parallel with the check valve.

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