CN112390158B - Control method of emergency circuit electric control system - Google Patents
Control method of emergency circuit electric control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112390158B CN112390158B CN202011298560.1A CN202011298560A CN112390158B CN 112390158 B CN112390158 B CN 112390158B CN 202011298560 A CN202011298560 A CN 202011298560A CN 112390158 B CN112390158 B CN 112390158B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/22—Control systems or devices for electric drives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C2700/00—Cranes
- B66C2700/08—Electrical assemblies or electrical control devices for cranes, winches, capstans or electrical hoists
Abstract
The invention provides a control method of an emergency circuit electric control system, which comprises an electric control system, a hydraulic system, a 220V alternating current power supply and an emergency motor, wherein the electric control system is electrically connected with the 220V alternating current power supply; the electric control system comprises a main circuit, a control circuit, an electromagnetic directional valve and a moisture-removing circuit, wherein one end of the main circuit is electrically connected with a 220V alternating-current power supply, the other end of the main circuit is electrically connected with an emergency motor, a first manual switch, a main contact dynamic switch of a relay KM and a main contact of a thermal relay FR are sequentially connected onto the main circuit in series, the control circuit is electrically connected between the first manual switch and the main contact dynamic switch of the relay KM, and the moisture-removing circuit is electrically connected onto the control circuit in parallel; the control method of the electric control system comprises a moisture removing method and an emergency operation method. The invention has the advantages of no need of voltage transformation during emergency operation and safe and stable emergency operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a control method of an emergency circuit electric control system.
Background
In the traditional crane winch, when the winch acts, in the process that a lifting hook ascends or descends after a brake is loosened, the situation that the brake is opened insufficiently due to insufficient pressure of a brake hydraulic oil way occurs, so that the winch brake shakes, the risk that the winch brake brakes again due to insufficient pressure of the brake hydraulic oil way exists, and once the situation that the brake suddenly occurs in the lifting process of the lifting hook, goods can be unhooked; when the winch stops acting, high-pressure oil in an oil way for lifting or descending the lifting hook needs to be discharged, but when the oil way for lifting or descending the lifting hook discharges the pressure, a certain back pressure exists in a brake oil inlet due to the influence of the back pressure, so that the braking force is reduced.
In addition, when the crane is subjected to some uncontrollable factors, such as: when the crane loses power or the power device fails due to lightning stroke, system breakdown and the like, the emergency motor provides power to place the load at a safe position.
In the emergency operation process of the existing electric control crane, the crane is finally connected in parallel to drive an executing element through a line output controlled by an emergency switch, the emergency switch directly connects a 24V voltage signal to an electric proportional pilot valve which needs to be electrified in emergency operation, in the process of using the emergency switch to operate the mechanism, because the electric proportional pilot valve of the hydraulic motor is directly connected with a 24V voltage signal, the voltage signal generates a control current which is more than 1A after being applied to two ends of the pilot valve, the displacement of the hydraulic motor is instantaneously maximized, so that the hydraulic system generates a great impact, such impact makes the mechanism not smooth in the emergency operation process, and even causes accidents more seriously, and due to the existence of the impact, the existing crane emergency system is difficult to play the due role at the critical moment.
Disclosure of Invention
The control method of the emergency electric control system is characterized in that when the crane loses power or a power device fails, the emergency electric motor can be controlled by the emergency operation system to provide power, so that the load is stably lowered, and the emergency operation process is safe and stable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a control method of an emergency circuit electric control system comprises the electric control system, a hydraulic system, a 220V alternating current power supply and an emergency motor, wherein the electric control system is electrically connected with the 220V alternating current power supply.
The electric control system comprises a main circuit, a control circuit, an electromagnetic directional valve and a moisture driving circuit, wherein one end of the main circuit is electrically connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the other end of the main circuit is electrically connected with an emergency motor, a first manual switch, a main contact dynamic switch of the relay KM and a main contact of the thermal relay FR are sequentially connected onto the main circuit in series, the control circuit is electrically connected to two phases between the first manual switch and the main contact dynamic switch of the relay KM, and the moisture driving circuit is electrically connected onto the control circuit in parallel.
The control circuit comprises a second manual switch, an auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM, an emergency main switch and an emergency indicator lamp, one end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the main circuit, the other end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM and the emergency indicator lamp which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the emergency main switch is connected with the on-off switch of the thermal relay FR, the other end of the emergency main switch is connected with a coil of the relay KM, and the coil of the relay KM is connected with the second manual switch.
The moisture removing circuit is provided with an electric heating wire, an auxiliary contact dynamic breaking switch of the relay KM, a moisture removing switch and a moisture removing indicator lamp, the auxiliary contact dynamic breaking switch of the relay KM is electrically connected with the moisture removing switch, the moisture removing switch is electrically connected with the electric heating wire, and the moisture removing indicator lamp is electrically connected with the moisture removing switch in parallel;
the electromagnetic directional valve is electrically connected with a directional switch, and the directional switch is electrically connected with the control circuit in parallel.
The hydraulic control system comprises a hydraulic main system and a hydraulic emergency system, wherein the hydraulic main system comprises a winch, a hydraulic brake, a hydraulic motor, a shuttle valve, a balance valve, a first reversing valve, a second reversing valve, a first ball valve, a lifting oil way AWA port, a descending oil way AWB port, an oil tank port and a brake oil way EMP port.
The lifting oil way AWA port is connected with an oil inlet of a balance valve, an oil outlet of the balance valve is connected with one end of a hydraulic motor, a descending oil way AWB port and a brake oil way EMP port are connected with the other end of the hydraulic motor in parallel, an oil return port of the hydraulic motor is connected with an oil tank port, a power output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with a winch, the hydraulic brake is clamped and connected with an output end of the hydraulic motor, a first ball valve is normally closed and connected between the hydraulic motor and the brake oil way EMP port, and the balance valve is connected between the hydraulic motor and the lifting oil way AWA port.
The first input end of the shuttle valve is connected with an AWA port of a lifting oil path, the second input end of the shuttle valve is connected with an AWB port of a descending oil path, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are two-position two-way hydraulic reversing valves, signal oil paths of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with the output end of the shuttle valve in parallel, an oil inlet of the first reversing valve is connected between an EMP port of a brake oil path and a first ball valve, output oil ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with a hydraulic brake in parallel, and oil return ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with an oil tank oil port in parallel; an oil inlet of the second reversing valve is not communicated; the reversing pressure values set by the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are smaller than the pressure required by hydraulic brake release, and the pressure required by the hydraulic brake release is smaller than the oil supply pressure of the first input end or the second input end of the shuttle valve.
The hydraulic emergency system comprises an overflow valve and an electromagnetic directional valve, wherein a P port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with an oil outlet of an emergency hydraulic pump driven by an emergency motor, an O port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with an oil tank port, a B port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with an EMP port of a brake oil way, an A port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the oil tank port, an input end of the overflow valve is connected between the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve and the emergency motor in parallel, and an output end of the overflow valve is connected between the O port of the electromagnetic directional valve and the oil tank port in parallel.
And a normally-open fourth ball valve is arranged between the AWB port of the descending oil way and the first reversing valve.
The control method of the electric control system comprises a moisture removing method and an emergency operation method.
The moisture removing method comprises the following steps:
a. the first manual switch is closed, so that the emergency system is connected with the 220V alternating current power supply.
b. And closing the second manual switch and the moisture removing switch to electrify the moisture removing circuit, so that the heating wire generates heat to remove moisture of the emergency motor.
c. And after the moisture removal is finished, the first manual switch, the second manual switch and the moisture removal switch are switched off.
The emergency operation method comprises the following steps:
1) the first manual switch is closed, so that the emergency system is connected with the 220V alternating current power supply.
2) And closing the second manual switch and the reversing switch to reverse the electromagnetic reversing valve.
3) And closing the emergency main switch to enable the coil of the relay KM to be electrified, so that the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact of the relay KM are closed in a movable manner, the auxiliary contact of the relay KM is opened in a movable manner, and the emergency motor is electrified.
4) Opening the first ball valve, closing the fourth ball valve, pumping hydraulic oil in an oil tank by an emergency hydraulic pump driven by an emergency motor to supply the hydraulic oil to a brake oil way after passing through an electromagnetic directional valve, wherein in the oil supply process, when the oil pressure is greater than the overflow pressure of an overflow valve, redundant hydraulic oil overflows from the overflow valve, and the emergency hydraulic oil is pumped to an EMP port of the brake oil way, the emergency hydraulic oil is divided into four ways by the first ball valve, the first way flows to the first directional valve, the second way flows to one end of a hydraulic motor, the third way flows to one input of a shuttle valve, the fourth way flows to the control end of the balanced overflow valve through the third ball valve and a one-way throttle valve, the hydraulic oil flowing into the shuttle valve controls the first directional valve and the second directional valve to change, at the moment, the hydraulic oil passing through the first directional valve opens the hydraulic brake, the descending motion of a steel wire rope on a winch of the hydraulic motor is realized, and the hydraulic oil passing through the hydraulic motor flows from the balanced valve, The AWA port of the lifting oil cylinder flows back to the oil tank.
5) After the emergency operation is completed, the emergency main switch, the reversing switch, the second main switch and the first main switch are sequentially switched off, so that the coil of the relay KM is powered off, the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM are switched off, the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM is switched on, the electromagnetic reversing valve is reset, the emergency motor is powered off and unloaded, the hydraulic brake is switched off, the winch stops acting, and the emergency operation is completed.
According to the method, when the emergency motor is not needed, the emergency motor can be subjected to electrothermal moisture removal by a moisture removal method at regular intervals, and when the electrothermal moisture removal is carried out, the first manual switch, the second manual switch and the moisture removal switch are closed in sequence, so that the heating wire generates heat to carry out moisture removal on the emergency motor, the service life of the emergency motor is prolonged, and the safety of the emergency motor is improved; when the crane loses power or the power device has a fault, an emergency operation method is adopted for emergency operation, the first manual switch is closed to enable the electric control system to be connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the electromagnetic directional valve is controlled to be electrified and reversed, the second manual switch and the electromagnetic directional valve are closed, the emergency main switch in the control circuit is closed to enable the coil of the relay KM to be electrified, so that the main contact of the relay KM on the main circuit and the auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM on the control circuit are closed, the auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM on the moisture driving circuit is disconnected, the emergency motor is electrified, the emergency motor pumps out hydraulic oil in an oil tank to provide emergency hydraulic oil for the hydraulic system, in the process, the winch brake can be opened timely, driving hydraulic oil can be provided for the hydraulic motor to descend, meanwhile, control oil can be provided for the control end of the balance overflow valve, and the backpressure of the balance overflow valve is increased, the winch is slowly descended, and safety accidents caused by rapid descending of goods or people after the system is out of control are avoided.
When the load is placed at a safe position, the emergency main switch in the control circuit is switched off, so that the coil of the relay KM is powered off, the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact of the relay KM are switched off, the auxiliary contact of the relay KM is switched on, the emergency motor is powered off, the electromagnetic reversing valve and the second manual switch are switched off, and the emergency motor is unloaded.
Further, the heating wire is arranged in the emergency motor. Thus, the moisture removing effect is good.
Further, the moisture-removing switch is a single-pole double-throw switch.
Furthermore, a main contact of a thermal relay FR is also connected in series on the main circuit.
Furthermore, a dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR is further arranged on the control circuit, one end of the dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with the second manual switch, the other end of the dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with the auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM in parallel and the emergency main switch, and the emergency main switch is arranged.
Furthermore, the balance valve comprises a balance check valve and a balance overflow valve, an oil outlet of the balance check valve is connected with an oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and a pressure relief port of the balance overflow valve is connected with an EMP port of the brake oil path; a throttle valve is connected between the oil outlet of the balance check valve and the oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected with an adjustable throttle valve; one end of the adjustable throttle valve is connected with a second ball valve.
Furthermore, a one-way throttle valve is connected between the control end of the balance overflow valve and the first ball valve in series, the other end of the one-way throttle valve is connected with a third ball valve, and the third ball valve is connected with the one-way throttle valve in series.
Furthermore, a pressure measuring point is arranged between the output ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve and the hydraulic brake, and the pressure measuring point is arranged above the hydraulic brake, so that whether the oil pressure of the hydraulic brake reaches the standard pressure or not can be conveniently observed.
Furthermore, a normally closed emergency ball valve is connected between the port B of the electromagnetic directional valve and the port EMP of the brake oil way.
Furthermore, a normally-open fourth ball valve is connected between the second input end of the shuttle valve and the port of the descending oil path AWB.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the electric control system in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the hydraulic control system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit principle of the electric control system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of the electronic control system according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the moisture removing circuit of the electric control system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the emergency motor of the electric control system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the electromagnetic directional valves of the electric control system according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic master system of the hydraulic system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an emergency system of the hydraulic system of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 8 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a control method of an emergency circuit electric control system includes an electric control system, a hydraulic system, a 220V ac power supply and an emergency motor 3, wherein the electric control system is electrically connected to the 220V ac power supply.
The electric control system comprises a main circuit 11, a control circuit 12, an electromagnetic directional valve 13 and a moisture driving circuit 14, wherein one end of the main circuit 11 is electrically connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the other end of the main circuit 11 is electrically connected with an emergency motor 3, as shown in fig. 3, a first manual switch 111, a main contact moving-closing switch of a relay KM and a main contact of a thermal relay FR are sequentially connected on the main circuit 11 in series, the control circuit 12 is electrically connected with two phases between the first manual switch 111 and the main contact moving-closing switch KM, and the moisture driving circuit 14 is electrically connected on the control circuit 12 in parallel.
As shown in fig. 4, the control circuit 12 includes a second manual switch 121, a dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR, an auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM, an emergency main switch 122, and an emergency indicator 123, one end of the second manual switch 121 is electrically connected to the main circuit 11, the other end is electrically connected to the dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR, the auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM, and the emergency indicator 123, which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the emergency main switch 122 is connected to the dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR, the other end is connected to a coil of the relay KM, and the coil of the relay KM is connected to the second manual switch 121.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the moisture removing circuit 14 is electrically connected to the control circuit 12, the moisture removing circuit 14 is provided with a heating wire 141, an auxiliary contact moving-off switch of the relay KM, a moisture removing switch 142 and a moisture removing indicator lamp 143, the moisture removing switch 142 is a single-pole double-throw switch, the auxiliary contact moving-off switch of the relay KM is electrically connected to the moisture removing switch 142, the moisture removing switch 142 is electrically connected to the heating wire 141, the moisture removing indicator lamp 143 is electrically connected to the moisture removing switch 142 in parallel, and the heating wire 141 is disposed in the emergency motor 3.
As shown in fig. 7, the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is electrically connected with a directional switch, and the directional switch 131 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is electrically connected in parallel with the control circuit 12.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic control system includes a hydraulic main system 21 and a hydraulic emergency system 22, and as shown in fig. 8, the hydraulic main system 21 includes a winch 211, a hydraulic brake 212, a hydraulic motor 213, a shuttle valve 214, a balance valve 215, a first direction valve 216, a second direction valve 217, a first ball valve 2181, a lifting oil path AWA port, a lowering oil path AWB port, an oil tank port 210, and a brake oil path EMP port.
An AWA port of a lifting oil path is connected with an oil inlet of a balance valve 215, an oil outlet of the balance valve 215 is connected with one end of a hydraulic motor 213, an AWB port of a descending oil path and an EMP port of a brake oil path are connected with the other end of the hydraulic motor 213 in parallel, an oil return port of the hydraulic motor 213 is connected with an oil tank oil port 210, a power output end of the hydraulic motor 213 is connected with a winch, the hydraulic brake 212 is connected with an output end of the hydraulic motor 213 in a clamping mode, a first ball valve 2181 is connected between the hydraulic motor 213 and the EMP port of the brake oil path in a normally-closed mode, and the balance valve 215 is connected between the hydraulic motor 213 and the AWA port of the lifting oil path.
A first input end of the shuttle valve 214 is connected with a lifting oil path AWA port, a second input end of the shuttle valve 214 is connected with a descending oil path AWB port, the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are two-position three-way hydraulic reversing valves, signal oil paths of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are connected with an output end of the shuttle valve 214 in parallel, an oil inlet of the first reversing valve 216 is connected between a brake oil path EMP port and a first ball valve 2181, output oil ports of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are connected with a hydraulic brake 212 in parallel, and oil return ports of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are connected with an oil tank oil port 210 in parallel; the oil inlets of the second reversing valve 217 are not communicated; the first and second directional valves 216 and 217 set a directional pressure value less than a pressure required to release the hydraulic brake 212, and the pressure required to release the hydraulic brake 212 is less than the supply pressure of the first or second input of the shuttle valve 214.
As shown in fig. 9, the hydraulic emergency system 22 includes an overflow valve 221 and the electromagnetic directional valve 13, the P port 132 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to an oil outlet of the emergency hydraulic pump 31 driven by the emergency motor 3, the O port 133 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to the tank oil port 210, the B port 134 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to the brake oil path EMP port, the a port 135 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to the tank oil port 210, an input end of the overflow valve 221 is connected between the P port 132 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 and the emergency hydraulic pump 31, and an output end of the overflow valve 221 is connected between the O port 133 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 and the tank oil port 210.
The balance valve 215 comprises a balance check valve 2151 and a balance overflow valve 2152, an oil outlet of the balance check valve 2151 is connected with an oil inlet of the balance overflow valve 2152, and a pressure relief port of the balance overflow valve 2152 is connected with an EMP port of a brake oil path; a throttle valve 2153 is connected between an oil outlet of the balance check valve 2151 and an oil inlet of the balance overflow valve 2152, and an adjustable throttle valve 2154 is connected to the other end of the throttle plug 2153; one end of the adjustable throttle valve 2154 is connected with a normally closed second ball valve 2182.
A one-way throttle valve 2155 is connected between the control end of the balance overflow valve 2152 and the first ball valve 2181 in series, the other end of the one-way throttle valve 2155 is connected with a normally-open third ball valve 2183, and the third ball valve 2183 is connected with the one-way throttle valve 2155 in series.
And a pressure measuring point 2121 is arranged between the output ports of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 and the hydraulic brake 212, so that whether the oil pressure of the hydraulic brake 2 reaches the standard pressure or not can be conveniently observed.
And a normally closed emergency ball valve 2184 is connected between the port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 and the port EMP of the brake oil way.
And a normally open fourth ball valve 2185 is connected between the second input end of the shuttle valve 214 and the port of the descending oil path AWB.
The control method of the electric control system comprises a moisture removing method and an emergency operation method.
The moisture removing method comprises the following steps:
a. and closing the first manual switch to enable the electric control system to be connected with the 220V alternating current power supply.
b. And closing the second manual switch and the moisture removing switch to electrify the moisture removing circuit, so that the heating wire generates heat to remove moisture of the emergency motor.
c. And after the moisture removal is finished, the first manual switch, the second manual switch and the moisture removal switch are switched off.
The emergency operation method comprises the following steps:
1) and closing the first manual switch to enable the electric control system to be connected with the 220V alternating current power supply.
2) And closing the second manual switch and the reversing switch to reverse the electromagnetic reversing valve.
3) And closing the emergency main switch to enable a coil of the relay KM to be electrified, so that the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact of the relay KM are closed in a movable mode, the auxiliary contact of the relay KM is disconnected in a movable mode, the emergency motor is electrified, and meanwhile, the emergency indicator lamp is lightened.
4) Opening the first ball valve 2181, closing the fourth ball valve 2185, pumping hydraulic oil in an oil tank out by an emergency hydraulic pump driven by an emergency motor, passing through an electromagnetic directional valve and supplying the hydraulic oil to a brake oil path, wherein in the oil supply process, when the oil pressure is greater than the overflow pressure of an overflow valve, redundant hydraulic oil overflows from the overflow valve to play a role in stabilizing the hydraulic oil pressure, when the emergency hydraulic oil is pumped to an EMP port of the brake oil path, the emergency hydraulic oil is divided into four paths by the first ball valve, the first path flows to a first directional valve 216, the second path flows to one end of a hydraulic motor, the third path flows to one input of a shuttle valve, the fourth path flows to the control end of a balance overflow valve through a third ball valve 2183 and a one-way throttle valve 2155, the hydraulic oil flowing into the shuttle valve controls the first directional valve and the second directional valve to change, at the moment, the hydraulic brake is opened by the hydraulic oil passing through the first directional valve, so as to realize the descending movement of the hydraulic motor corresponding to a steel wire rope on a winch, hydraulic oil flowing through the hydraulic motor flows back to the oil tank from the balance valve and the AWA port of the lifting oil cylinder.
5) After the emergency operation is completed, the emergency main switch, the reversing switch, the second main switch and the first main switch are sequentially disconnected, so that the coil of the relay KM is powered off, the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM are disconnected, the auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM is closed, the electromagnetic reversing valve is reset, the emergency motor is powered off and unloaded, the hydraulic brake is closed, the winch stops acting, and the emergency operation is completed.
According to the method, when the emergency motor is not needed, the emergency motor can be subjected to electric heating moisture removal by a moisture removal method at regular intervals, and when the electric heating moisture removal is performed, the first manual switch, the second manual switch and the moisture removal switch are closed in sequence, so that the heating wire generates heat to remove moisture of the emergency motor, the service life of the emergency motor is prolonged, and the safety of the emergency motor is improved; when the crane loses power or the power device has a fault, an emergency operation method is adopted for emergency operation, the first manual switch is closed to enable the electric control system to be connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the electromagnetic directional valve is controlled to be electrified and reversed, the second manual switch and the electromagnetic directional valve are closed, the emergency main switch in the control circuit is closed to enable the coil of the relay KM to be electrified, so that the main contact of the relay KM on the main circuit and the auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM on the control circuit are closed, the auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM on the moisture driving circuit is disconnected, the emergency motor is electrified, the emergency motor pumps out hydraulic oil in an oil tank to provide emergency hydraulic oil for the hydraulic system, in the process, the winch brake can be opened timely, driving hydraulic oil can be provided for the hydraulic motor to descend, meanwhile, control oil can be provided for the control end of the balance overflow valve, and the backpressure of the balance overflow valve is increased, the winch is slowly descended, and safety accidents caused by rapid descending of goods or people after the system is out of control are avoided.
After the load is placed at a safe position, an emergency main switch in the control circuit is switched off, so that the coil of the relay KM is powered off, the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact of the relay KM are switched off, the auxiliary contact of the relay KM is switched on, the emergency motor is powered off, the electromagnetic directional valve and the second manual switch are switched off, and the emergency motor is unloaded.
The control circuit 12 is further provided with a dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR, one end of the dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with the second manual switch 121, the other end of the dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with the auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM and the emergency main switch 122 in parallel, and the above arrangement is adopted.
In the present embodiment, the working principle of the hydraulic main system is as follows: under the action of a hydraulic pump, hydraulic oil flows through a balance valve from an AWA port of a lifting oil path and then enters a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic oil on the lifting oil path simultaneously flows through a shuttle valve, the output end of the shuttle valve outputs signal oil to enable a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve to be reversed, and a hydraulic brake is opened after the hydraulic oil at an EMP port of a brake oil path flows through the first reversing valve to enable a winch to ascend; or hydraulic oil respectively enters the hydraulic motor and the shuttle valve from the AWB port of the descending oil path, the hydraulic oil flows through the shuttle valve while supplying oil to the hydraulic motor, so that the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are switched, and the hydraulic brake is opened after the hydraulic oil at the EMP port of the brake oil path flows through the first reversing valve, so that the winch descends.
When the winch stops acting, the lifting oil path AWA port or the descending oil path AWB port does not supply oil, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve reset under the action of the spring, and hydraulic oil of the hydraulic brake enters the oil port of the oil tank so as to drain the hydraulic oil and close the hydraulic brake; the reversing pressure values set by the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are smaller than the pressure required by loosening of the hydraulic brake, so that the oil inlet of the hydraulic brake has certain back pressure due to the influence of back pressure when the lifting oil path AWA port or the descending oil path AWB port does not supply oil, and the braking force is reduced. In addition, in order to prevent the hydraulic control reversing valves from being blocked by dirt and being incapable of timely draining hydraulic oil, the hydraulic control reversing valves connected in parallel are arranged, so that when one hydraulic control reversing valve fails, the other hydraulic control reversing valve can drain the hydraulic oil, and therefore when the winch acts, enough pressure can be provided to open the hydraulic brake, and after the winch stops working, the hydraulic brake is quickly reset, the safety and reliability of the brake are guaranteed, and the braking force is sufficient.
In this embodiment, because the first, second and third ball valves, the throttle valve, the adjustable throttle valve and the one-way throttle valve are provided, when oil is supplied to the AWA port of the lifting oil path, the second ball valve can be opened, and hydraulic oil input to the hydraulic motor is discharged through the throttle valve, the adjustable throttle valve and the second ball valve, so that the lifting speed can be adjusted. If the descending oil way AWB port supplies oil, part of hydraulic oil enters the control end from the third ball valve and the balance check valve, extra back pressure is provided for the balance overflow valve, therefore, the descending is more balanced, meanwhile, the second ball valve can be opened, back pressure is provided for the return oil of the hydraulic motor through the second ball valve, the adjustable throttle valve and the throttle valve, and the descending is further more gentle.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of an emergency circuit electric control system is characterized in that: the emergency power supply comprises an electric control system, a hydraulic system, a 220V alternating current power supply and an emergency motor, wherein the electric control system is electrically connected with the 220V alternating current power supply;
the electric control system comprises a main circuit, a control circuit, an electromagnetic directional valve and a moisture-removing circuit, wherein one end of the main circuit is electrically connected with a 220V alternating-current power supply, the other end of the main circuit is electrically connected with an emergency motor, a first manual switch, a main contact dynamic switch of a relay KM and a main contact of a thermal relay FR are sequentially connected onto the main circuit in series, the control circuit is electrically connected to two phases between the first manual switch and the main contact dynamic switch of the relay KM, and the moisture-removing circuit is electrically connected onto the control circuit in parallel;
the control circuit comprises a second manual switch, an auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM, an emergency main switch and an emergency indicator lamp, wherein one end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the main circuit, the other end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the auxiliary contact dynamic switch of the relay KM and the emergency indicator lamp which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the emergency main switch is connected with a dynamic switch of the thermal relay FR, the other end of the emergency main switch is connected with a coil of the relay KM, and the coil of the relay KM is connected with the second manual switch;
the moisture removing circuit is provided with an electric heating wire, an auxiliary contact dynamic breaking switch of the relay KM, a moisture removing switch and a moisture removing indicator lamp, the auxiliary contact dynamic breaking switch of the relay KM is electrically connected with the moisture removing switch, the moisture removing switch is electrically connected with the electric heating wire, and the moisture removing indicator lamp is electrically connected with the moisture removing switch in parallel;
the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected with a reversing switch, and the reversing switch is electrically connected with the control circuit in parallel;
the hydraulic control system comprises a hydraulic main system and a hydraulic emergency system, wherein the hydraulic main system comprises a winch, a hydraulic brake, a hydraulic motor, a shuttle valve, a balance valve, a first reversing valve, a second reversing valve, a first ball valve, a lifting oil path AWA port, a descending oil path AWB port, an oil tank oil port and a brake oil path EMP port;
an AWA port of a lifting oil path is connected with an oil inlet of a balance valve, an oil outlet of the balance valve is connected with one end of a hydraulic motor, an AWB port of a descending oil path and an EMP port of a brake oil path are connected with the other end of the hydraulic motor in parallel, an oil return port of the hydraulic motor is connected with an oil port of an oil tank, a power output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with a winch, a hydraulic brake is connected with an output end of the hydraulic motor in a clamping manner, a first ball valve is connected between the hydraulic motor and the EMP port of the brake oil path in a normally-closed manner, and the balance valve is connected between the hydraulic motor and the AWA port of the lifting oil path;
the first input end of the shuttle valve is connected with an AWA port of a lifting oil path, the second input end of the shuttle valve is connected with an AWB port of a descending oil path, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are two-position two-way hydraulic reversing valves, signal oil paths of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with the output end of the shuttle valve in parallel, an oil inlet of the first reversing valve is connected between an EMP port of a brake oil path and a first ball valve, output oil ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with a hydraulic brake in parallel, and oil return ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with an oil tank oil port in parallel; an oil inlet of the second reversing valve is not communicated; reversing pressure values set by the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are smaller than pressure required by hydraulic brake release, and the pressure required by the hydraulic brake release is smaller than oil supply pressure of the first input end or the second input end of the shuttle valve;
the hydraulic emergency system comprises an overflow valve and an electromagnetic directional valve, wherein a P port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with an oil outlet of an emergency hydraulic pump driven by an emergency motor, an O port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with an oil tank port, a B port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with an EMP port of a brake oil path, an A port of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the oil tank port, an input end of the overflow valve is connected between the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve and the emergency motor in parallel, and an output end of the overflow valve is connected between the O port of the electromagnetic directional valve and the oil tank port in parallel;
a normally open fourth ball valve is arranged between the descending oil way AWB port and the first reversing valve;
the control method of the electric control system comprises a moisture removing method and an emergency operation method;
the moisture removing method comprises the following steps:
a. closing the first manual switch to enable the emergency system to be connected with a 220V alternating current power supply;
b. closing the second manual switch and the moisture removing switch to electrify the moisture removing circuit, so that the heating wire generates heat to remove moisture of the emergency motor;
c. after the moisture removal is finished, the first manual switch, the second manual switch and the moisture removal switch are switched off;
the emergency operation method comprises the following steps:
1) closing the first manual switch to enable the emergency system to be connected with a 220V alternating current power supply;
2) closing the second manual switch and the reversing switch to enable the electromagnetic reversing valve to be reversed;
3) closing the emergency main switch to enable a coil of the relay KM to be electrified, so that a main contact of the relay KM and an auxiliary contact dynamic closing switch of the relay KM are closed, an auxiliary contact dynamic breaking switch of the relay KM is disconnected, and an emergency motor is electrified;
4) opening the first ball valve, closing the fourth ball valve, pumping hydraulic oil in an oil tank out by an emergency hydraulic pump driven by an emergency motor, passing the hydraulic oil through an electromagnetic directional valve and supplying the hydraulic oil to a brake oil path, wherein in the oil supplying process, when the oil pressure is greater than the overflow pressure of the overflow valve, redundant hydraulic oil overflows from the overflow valve, and the emergency hydraulic oil is pumped into an EMP port of the brake oil path, the emergency hydraulic oil is divided into four paths by the first ball valve, the first path flows to the first directional valve, the second path flows to one end of the hydraulic motor, the third path flows to one input end of the shuttle valve, the fourth path flows to the control end of the balanced overflow valve through the third ball valve and a one-way throttle valve, the hydraulic oil flowing into the shuttle valve controls the first directional valve and the second directional valve to change, at the moment, the hydraulic oil passing through the first directional valve opens the hydraulic brake, the descending motion of a steel wire rope on a winch of the hydraulic motor is realized, the hydraulic oil passing through the hydraulic motor passes through the balanced valve, An AWA port of the lifting oil cylinder flows back to the oil tank;
5) after the emergency operation is completed, the emergency main switch, the reversing switch, the second main switch and the first main switch are sequentially switched off, so that the coil of the relay KM is powered off, the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM are switched off, the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM is switched on, the electromagnetic reversing valve is reset, the emergency motor is powered off and unloaded, the hydraulic brake is switched off, the winch stops acting, and the emergency operation is completed.
2. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 1, wherein: the electric heating wire is arranged in the emergency motor.
3. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 1, wherein: the moisture-dispelling switch is a single-pole double-throw switch.
4. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 1, wherein: and a main contact of a thermal relay FR is also connected in series on the main circuit.
5. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 4, wherein: the control circuit is also provided with a dynamic break switch of a thermal relay FR, one end of the dynamic break switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with the second manual switch, and the other end of the dynamic break switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with the auxiliary contact dynamic close switch of the relay KM and the emergency main switch in parallel.
6. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 1, wherein: the balance valve comprises a balance check valve and a balance overflow valve, an oil outlet of the balance check valve is connected with an oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and a pressure relief port of the balance overflow valve is connected with an EMP port of the brake oil path; a throttle valve is connected between the oil outlet of the balance check valve and the oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected with an adjustable throttle valve; one end of the adjustable throttle valve is connected with a second ball valve.
7. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 6, wherein: a one-way throttle valve is connected between the control end of the balance overflow valve and the first ball valve in series, the other end of the one-way throttle valve is connected with a third ball valve, and the third ball valve is connected with the one-way throttle valve in series.
8. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 1, wherein: and a pressure measuring point is arranged between the output ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve and the hydraulic brake.
9. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 1, wherein: and a normally closed emergency ball valve is connected between the port B of the electromagnetic directional valve and the port EMP of the brake oil way.
10. The method for controlling an emergency circuit electric control system according to claim 1, wherein: and a normally open fourth ball valve is connected between the second input end of the shuttle valve and the AWB port of the descending oil way.
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