JP5035989B2 - Transplanting method and transplanter to cultivation bench - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transplanting means on bench cultivation, and to provide a transplanter which is especially excellent in workability, enables tight plantation in a bench, and can highly precisely transplant in the bench in a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: Provided is the method for transplanting in the cultivation bench, characterized by transplanting seedlings in a surrounded box-like cultivation bed for cultivating crops in a facility with a continuous pot seedling transplanter having a machine frame in which a pot seedling-loading portion for continuous pot seedlings connected with connection pieces, a pot seedling guide portion for linearly arranging and guiding the pot seedlings pulled out from the pot seedling-loading portion, and a pot seedling-delivering portion for continuously delivering the pot seedlings from the pot seedling guide portion on the surface of a field are sequentially and continuously connected from the front side of a traveling direction and on which an opener for forming a groove for planting the pot seedlings on the surface of the field is disposed. In addition, a guide portion is disposed in the continuous pot seedling transplanter along a bench side wall or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing crops such as flowers and vegetables on a cultivation floor that is enclosed for growing crops in a facility, and a transplanter applied to the method.

  When the cultivation floor that has been enclosed for growing crops in the facility is separated from the ground as in the case of being installed in a stilt type, the cultivation floor is called a bench.

  When sowing, germinating, raising seedlings, and growing plants, it is common to sow directly in the field, or sow in culture soil in cultivation tools such as pots for plant cultivation or trays for plant cultivation arranged on the ground. It is. However, this requires a worker to bend the waist and perform farming work, which is a heavy labor, and the work efficiency is poor. Therefore, a bench-type plant cultivation apparatus as shown in Patent Document 1 is used for the purpose of improving health management and work efficiency.

  Bench is widely used from raising seedlings to producing crops. There are various types of benches ranging from the size of a seedling box to a large scale equipped with fertilizer supply and temperature control. In addition, a wide range of applicable crops such as flowers and vegetables.

  In addition to being able to work in an easy posture without bending the waist for bench cultivation, it is easy to avoid continuous cropping failures because the soil can be easily replaced, and it is easy to control soil diseases by sterilizing the entire rhizosphere, etc. There are also advantages. Compared with outdoor cultivation, it requires capital investment and facility maintenance costs, but by cultivating it indoors, it is possible to minimize the influence of weather fluctuations. Therefore, it is possible to improve the planning of production, and it becomes easy to adjust the shipping time.

  About bench cultivation, about cultivation management, such as an example which tries to carry out cultivation environment management, such as fertilization precisely like patent document 2, and an example which tries to move a large-scale bench like patent document 3 easily Has been studied a lot. However, the means of transplanting crops to the bench has not been studied. Especially on large benches, manual transplantation is labor intensive. Even if you can work in an easy posture without bending your waist, doing everything by hand is a heavy burden on your body and is inefficient.

  Fruit vegetables such as strawberries are harvested when they are transplanted once, so that they do not have to be transplanted every harvest, and the number of transplants is relatively small. However, in the case of crops such as leafy vegetables that harvest the whole stock, the number of transplants increases and the labor becomes large when trying to produce many times a year.

Moreover, since cultivation on a bench requires capital investment and facility maintenance management costs compared to outdoor cultivation, a simple transplanting means is desirable from the viewpoint of production cost.
Furthermore, benches are more densely planted to increase productivity per area because the field area is more constrained than open field cultivation. Therefore, inevitably, the inter-strain (interval between the seedling and the seedling in the direction of the transplanting machine) is shortened, and the inter-stitch (interval between the transplanted seedling array and the seedling array) is narrowed. Must be a means.

On the other hand, there is a continuous potted seedling transplanter as disclosed in Patent Documents 4 to 7 as a transplanter suitable for short crops between plants. For seedlings that have been sown and seeded in a pot like a paper tube and have been grown, the state with the pot attached is the potted seedling, and the continuous potted seedling is that the potted seedlings are connected by connecting pieces. is there. The continuous potted seedling transplanting machine is a transplanting machine that continuously pulls out a continuous potted seedling connected by a connecting piece from one end and transplants it while maintaining the connected state. This is widely used in leeks and flowers and can be easily transplanted between short strains. The continuous potted plant transplanter can be transplanted with high accuracy between short strains with an extremely simple structure.
JP-A-8-205679 JP-A-10-178927 JP 2001-78577 A Japanese Patent No. 2627471 Japanese Patent No. 2717626 Japanese Patent No. 3025858 JP 2000-316324 A

In the transplanter of Patent Document 4, the transplanter follows the trajectory of the towing operator. Since the entire fuselage is grounded to the planting surface, the space between the strips is restricted by the width of the entire aircraft (it is impossible to make a strip narrower than the width of the aircraft). The transplanting machine of patent document 5 is also the same, and in these transplanting machines (patent document 4, patent document 5), rather than the width (length in the short side direction) of the nursery box in which the continuous collecting pot seedlings are stored. The gaps will not be narrowed.
In Patent Document 6, the ground contact surface is not the entire body but only the planting part, and the width of the planting part is theoretically possible. However, since the transplanter also follows the trajectory of the worker or the work machine (walking tractor), there is a possibility of stepping on the transplanted seedling row when the transplant is advanced in a narrow space. is there. For this reason, it is impossible to make a space narrower than the worker's foot width or the wheel of the work machine (in the case of dense planting, planting may be performed in a space narrower than the human foot width).
Patent document 7 is applied to Takatsuki. Since the planting surface of the bench is higher than the planting surface of Takatsuki, in this configuration, if the vehicle body itself is attempted to be raised accordingly, the position of the center of gravity also becomes high, and running and work become unstable. In addition, when transplanting the entire aircraft on a bench, the field (planting surface) of the bench is relatively soft, so the aircraft sinks and resistance increases, making it difficult to run. Therefore, the transplanter of Patent Document 7 is not suitable for bench cultivation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation,
A first object is to provide a transplanter capable of highly accurate transplantation to a bench with a simple configuration. More specifically, it is to provide a configuration of a continuous potted seedling transplanter that can be stably transplanted between narrow strips that can be densely planted and short strains.
The second object is to provide a transplanting method in bench cultivation. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a transplanting method that is excellent in workability and enables dense planting on a bench.

In order to achieve the first object, the invention of claim 1 of the present invention is a continuous potted seedling transplanting machine for transplanting crops such as vegetables and flowers, in order from the front side in the traveling direction, with connecting pieces. A potted seedling placement unit for placing the connected continuous potted seedlings, a potted seedling guide unit for guiding the potted seedlings drawn from the potted seedling placement unit in a line, and a field surface from the potted seedling guide unit In the continuous potted seedling transplanting machine having a machine body connected to the potted seedling feeding part that continuously feeds the potted seedling to the machine body, and provided with an opener that forms a planting groove on the field surface, the box is cultivated in the machine body A side wall of the floor, or a guide part that comes into contact with a rail-like member provided on the box-shaped cultivation floor, the guide part is provided in an arm that can be moved and fixed in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction; A guide roller provided on the arm and capable of traveling on the rail-shaped member; Wherein, thereby positioning the implant main body along the cultivation bed, characterized by.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that a chisel rotatably to the front end of the opener.
The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that a contaminant removing member is provided in front of the opener in the traveling direction.
The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that members can be formed planting groove on the side opposite to the traveling direction of the implant main body is mounted to the opener.
The invention of claim 5, and feeding unit a plurality of pots seedlings to the body is arranged in parallel to the traveling direction, and a plurality of pots seedlings placing section on該機body is arranged in series with respect to the traveling direction It is characterized by .

In order to achieve the second object, the invention of claim 6 among the present invention is characterized by transplanting seedlings using the continuous potted seedling transplanting machine according to claim 1.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform a transplantation work on a bench simply and with high accuracy. The continuous potted seedling transplanter only needs to be pushed or pulled by the operator, does not require a special power source, has a simple structure and mechanism, and can be introduced at a low cost. . Further, there is no generation of exhaust gas from the power source, and the work environment in the facility is not deteriorated. Therefore, crop production in bench cultivation can be realized at low cost and safely.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. About the following embodiment, it is possible to combine the component suitably. In addition, the crops to which the present invention is applied are not particularly limited, and include all those that can be applied to the present invention, such as flowers and vegetables.

  In the present invention, the bench means a box-shaped cultivation floor with an enclosure for cultivation in the facility, and is cultivated on the ground in addition to the one installed away from the ground like a stilt type. Including the form where the floor is installed directly.

(First embodiment)
1st Embodiment of this invention is described based on FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of a continuous potted seedling transplanting machine according to the present invention. A continuous potted seedling 34 formed by connecting pot bodies such as paper cylinders with connecting pieces can be moved in one time. At the same time, it is configured so that two rows of potted seedlings can be transplanted. FIG. 1A is a side view, and FIG. 1B is a plan view.

  The transplanting machine main body 1 is a seedling that contains continuous potted seedlings 34 connected by connecting pieces in order from the front side with respect to the traveling direction F on the body 2 having the lower surface on the rear side with respect to the traveling direction F as the ground contact surface 19. From the potted seedling placing part 7 for placing the box 35, the potted seedling guide part 8 for guiding the continuous potted seedlings 34 drawn from the potted seedling placing part 7 in a line, and the potted seedling guide part 8 A potted seedling feeding part 9 for feeding the continuous potted seedlings 34 continuously to the field surface of the bench field 3 is connected. The portion of the airframe 2 that touches the field surface of the field is substantially box-shaped with the side plates 43a and 43b and the bottom plate 44, so that it can move forward in the traveling direction F smoothly on the field surface of the bench field 3. A sled-shaped curved portion 37 is provided. In addition, two openers 10 that form planting grooves (not shown) on the field surface of the bench field 3 are provided in parallel to the traveling direction F in the machine body 2.

The machine body 2 is provided with a total of two sets of potted seedling placement units 7, potted seedling guide units 8, and potted seedling feeding units 9, one set each. Thereby, the continuous potted seedlings for 2 lanes can be planted simultaneously by one progress.
That is, the continuous potted seedling 34a is fed from the continuous gathered potted seedling 33a placed on the potted seedling placing part 7a (front side of the transplanter) to the potted seedling feeding part 9a through the potted seedling guide part 8a, and the potted seedling placed A continuous potted seedling 34b is fed from the continuous gathered potted seedling 33b placed on the placing part 7b (the rear side of the transplanter) through the potted seedling guide part 8b to the potted seedling feeding part 9b, and planted on the bench field 3 respectively. Will be.
At this time, the continuous potted seedlings 34a drawn from the potted seedling placement unit 7a pass under the potted seedling placement unit 7b and are guided to the potted seedling feeding unit 9a.

  The potted seedling placement part 7 has two stages, and is arranged so that the potted seedling placement part 7b (transplanter rear side) covers the potted seedling placement part 7a (transplanter front side). That is, they are arranged in series with respect to the traveling direction F. By arranging in this way, the width of the transplanter body 1 is substantially the same as the width of the seedling box 35, although two seedling boxes 35 can be placed as shown in FIG. The potted seedling placement unit 7a is coupled to the front of the grounded portion of the machine body 2 so as to have an inclination suitable for drawing out the continuous potted seedling 34a. The potted seedling placement part 7b is connected to the body 2 so as to be rotatable by a hinge 17, and is inclined in the same manner as the potted seedling placement part 7a.

The potted seedling guide portion 8b is composed of a guide bottom plate 28b that provides a sliding surface for the continuous potted seedling 34b, and a pair of left and right seedling guide plates 11b that protrude from the guide bottom plate 28b. The potted seedling guide part 7a is constituted by a guide part bottom plate 28a and a bottom plate 44 that provide a sliding surface for the continuous potted seedling 34a, and the guide part bottom plate 28a and the seedling guide plate 11a protruding from the bottom plate 44.
The seedling guide plate 11 forming the potted seedling guide unit 8 provides a guide path 38 that is narrowed in a Y shape from the potted seedling placement unit 7 side toward the potted seedling feeding unit 9 side. The distance between the guide paths 38 on the side is such that the continuous potted seedlings 34 can pass in a row.

The potted seedling feeding part 9 is configured as a notch part in which the bottom surface of the machine body 2 is notched. The potted seedling feeding parts 9a and 9b are arranged behind the machine body 2 with an interval of Wp shown in FIG.
The opener 10 provided on the ground contact surface 19 of the airframe 2 forms a planting groove (not shown) on the field surface of the bench field 3. The opener 10 has a box shape in which the front end is closed at an acute angle and the rear end is opened, and the position of the opener 10 is fixed so that the upper opening faces the notch of the potted seedling feeding portion 9. The interval between the left and right walls of the opener 10 is slightly wider than the width of the cutout portion of the potted seedling feeding portion 9, and the continuous potted seedling 34 fed from the potted seedling feeding portion 9 is guided to the side wall of the opener 10. , And is extended into the planting groove. The continuous potted seedling 34 dropped into the cutout of the potted seedling feeding part 9 enters the opener 10 as it is, and is continuously fed out from the rear opening to the planting groove. A pair of left and right seedling guide plates 12 is attached to the cutout portion of the potted seedling feeding portion 9. Further, the opener 10 is provided with a movable chisel 30 rotatably at the lower end of the opener 10 by a chisel hinge 32.

  The guide portion 20 is for allowing the transplanter body 1 to be positioned along the bench 4, and is provided at the rear of the body 2, and includes a guide roller 21, a rod 22, an arm 23, and a fixed frame 24. Has been. The arm 23 is inserted into the hollow member at the upper end of the fixed frame 24 so as to be movable and fixed in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction F of the transplanter body 1. The guide roller 21 is rotatably mounted about the rod 22 as an axis. The height of the fixed frame 24 is set to such a height that it does not come into contact with the growth amount of seedlings (seedlings) even if the continuous potted seedlings 34 pass directly below. The rod 22 is attached to the arm 23 so as to be adjustable in the height direction with respect to the body 2.

  At the rear end of the machine body 2, there is provided a pair of mulch bodies 13 made of curved plates that act to scrape the surrounding soil to the continuous potted seedlings 34 fed into the planting grooves.

  On the front side of the machine body 2, a U-shaped handle 14 having a handle 15 is attached to a handle fixing member 39 coupled to the potted seedling placement portion 7 b so that the angle with respect to the machine body 2 can be changed. The handle 15 is formed of a hollow member, and a rod-like auxiliary handle 26 is inserted so as to be able to be shortened. The position of the auxiliary handle 26 extended by the lock bolt 32 is fixed. A wheel stand 27 further has a wheel 16 at the tip of the bench field 3 side and is attached to the potted seedling placement portion 7b so that the angle with respect to the machine body 2 can be changed. Further, a pair of control plates 31 are attached between the wheel 16 and the curved portion 37 so as to open a portion corresponding to the center line of the transplanter body 1 by an interval between the openers 10a and 10b. Further, the position of the control plate 31 can be adjusted back and forth or up and down with respect to the transplanter body 1 by the elongated hole 72.

Next, an example of work in the present embodiment will be described.
The bench arrangement in the cultivation house 6 to which the present embodiment is applied is shown in FIG. In the cultivation house 6, 4a, 4b, 4c and three benches 4 are arranged in order from the upper side of the drawing.
The bench 4 is a box formed of a steel plate and is fixed to the ground. It is approximately the height to the operator's waist. The bench 4 is filled with soil mixed with a necessary amount of fertilizer and soil improver.
The distance between the bench 4a and the house side wall 41a and the distance between the bench 4c and the house side wall 41b are such that one worker can barely pass through each other, and it is extremely difficult to perform operations such as towing a transplanter. The work is performed in the work passages 42a and 42b.
Hereinafter, in FIG. 4, a case where transplantation work is performed on the bench 4 a arranged at the top is illustrated.

FIG. 3 shows an example of transplanting work on the bench 4a in FIG. The worker advances the transplanter body 1 through the work passage 42a.
At the time of transplantation, as shown in FIG. 3A, the guide roller 21 is brought into contact with the bench side wall 5a in advance, and the transplanter body 1 is brought close to the extent that the body 2 is in contact with the side wall 5a. Then, the auxiliary handle 26 is extended to the working passage 42a side and fixed at an appropriate position.

  The placement of seedlings on the transplanter body is shown in FIG. The potted seedling placement part 7b of the transplanter main body 1 is rotated backward, and the seedling raising box 35a containing the continuous potted seedling assembly 33a is placed on the potted seedling placing part 7a. Then, the most advanced continuous potted seedling 34a is pulled out from the potted seedling placement part 7a, transferred from the potted seedling guide part 8a to the potted seedling feeding part 9a, and planted on the field surface of the bench field 3; Fix the position (fix the initial position). Then, the potted seedling placement portion 7b is rotated forward to place the seedling box 35b containing the continuous potted seedling aggregate 33b, and the initial position of the continuous potted seedling 34b is similarly fixed.

  Next, the operator 40 holds the auxiliary handle 26 and advances the transplanter body 1 in the advancing direction F in the operation passage 42a. Then, the continuous potted seedlings 34a (and 34b) in the seedling raising box 35a (and 35b) are sequentially drawn out, passed through the potted seedling guide part 8a (and 8b) and the potted seedling feeding part 9a (and 9b), and then the opener 10a. (And 10b) is placed in the planting groove formed in an aligned state. The position of the continuous potted seedlings 35 placed in the planting groove is sequentially fixed by the soil scraping by the soil gathering body 13 and planted.

  The operator 40 may push the transplanter body 1 in the traveling direction F as shown in FIG. 5 (a), or in the opposite direction of the traveling direction F as shown in FIG. 5 (b). You may make it pull. At this time, the worker 40 works by walking on the passage 42a that is flatter and more rigid and easier to walk than the bench farm field 3, and can work with less fatigue. Moreover, since it does not walk on the bench field 3, it does not step on the transplanted seedling row.

  When reaching the right end of the bench 4a in FIG. 2 and transplanting two strips is completed, it returns to the initial position, that is, the position where the work in FIG. 3 (a) is started, and as shown in FIG. 3 (b), W1 The arm 23 is extended toward the bench side wall 5a so that = Wp, the guide roller 21 is brought into contact with the bench side wall 5a, and the transplanter body 1 is advanced in the same manner as described above. At this time, the auxiliary handle 26 is set to an appropriate length so that the operator 40 can easily operate.

  Then, when the right end of the bench 4a in FIG. 2 is reached and the transplanting for a total of four strips is completed, the transplanter body 1 is inverted at the right end of the bench 4a as shown in FIG. Then, the transplanter body 1 is moved so that W2 = Wp, the guide roller 21 is brought into contact with the bench side wall 5b as before, and the transplanter body 1 is advanced in the advancing direction F. At this time, the traveling direction is opposite to that in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).

  In addition, as for the order of transplantation, the bench field 3 is filled from one direction (in this example, 5a side in FIG. 3) in the order of (a), (b), and (c) illustrated in FIG. ) (C) (b) may be used to fill in both directions.

  In this example, 6 lines are transplanted to the bench 4 having the full width W with the width Wp. About this, it is needless to say that the number of transplanted stripes and the number of stripes may be appropriately changed as necessary. You may change suitably according to the magnitude | size of the bench 4, and a required planting density.

  When the operator 40 advances the transplanter body 1 so that the guide roller 21 is along the side wall 5 (5a or 5b), the straight movement in the traveling direction F is stabilized. This is because the distance D between the side wall 5 and the transplanter body 1 can be kept constant by the effect of the guide portion 20 as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows an operation when the guide portion 20 is not provided. Without the guide roller 21, it becomes difficult to advance the transplanter body 1 while keeping the distance D constant, and the transplanter body 1 meanders. At this time, the seedling row of the planted continuous potted seedling 34 also meanders, and the accuracy of the streak cannot be maintained. Therefore, it may become impossible to transplant at a predetermined planting density (number of strips). If meandering is severe, you will have to start over

About the guide part 20, an installation position, quantity, a shape, etc. can be set suitably. What is necessary is just to be provided in the body 2 and to follow the side wall of a bench, or the rail provided in the bench. For example, as shown to Fig.7 (a), you may provide in the center part (a part right above the potted seedling guide part 8b) of the body 2. FIG. Moreover, as shown in FIG.7 (b), you may make it cross the bench 3 and may contact both side walls 5, and you may provide in the center and back of the body 2 as shown in FIG.7 (c). As shown in FIG. 8, the guide portion 20 may be (a) warped (sliding body instead of a rotating body), and (b) a plurality of rollers. As shown in FIG. 9, a guide rail 59 (rail-like member) may be provided on the side wall 5 of the bench 4, and a grooved wheel 45 that engages with the guide rail 59 may be provided. Furthermore, you may provide the guide rail 59 so that the bench 4 may be longitudinally cut as shown in FIG.

A movable chisel 30 is provided at the tip of the opener 10. The movable chisel 30 includes a plate formed so as to become thinner toward the tip and a plate for fixing the plate, and is attached to the opener 10 while being inclined downward in the traveling direction F. Prior to the opener 30, the movable chisel 30 is hardly put in the soil (or in the medium), so that the airframe 2 is prevented from being lifted.
The more the movable chisel 30 digs deeper into the ground, the more the airframe 2 will sink, and accordingly, the soil ahead of the traveling direction of the airframe 2 will be pushed to the side of the airframe 2. If the gap is wide, the influence of the displaced soil can be ignored. However, the influence may not be negligible in narrow spaces such as half or less of the width of the seedling box in the present invention. In other words, soil may be applied to the transplanted seedling rows, and there may be a problem that the posture of the already planted is disturbed or buried in a severe case. As the angle θ between the ground contact surface 19 of the airframe shown in FIG. 16 and the movable chisel 30 increases, the opener 10 tends to penetrate deeper into the ground along the movable chisel 30. In addition, when the angle θ is the same, the deeper the field is, the more the depth is deepened. Therefore, the movable chisel 30 of the opener 10 can change the angle θ according to the conditions, thereby adjusting the degree of biting.
FIG. 15A is a side view showing a state where the opener 10 and the movable chisel 30 are disassembled, and FIG. 15B is a plan view showing a state where the opener 10 and the movable chisel 30 are disassembled. As shown in FIG. 15 (a), there is a notch at the tip of the opener 10, and the movable chisel 30 is rotatable around a chisel hinge 32 as shown in FIG. 15 (c). Then, the angle adjusting holes 69a and 69b are matched so as to have an appropriate angle θ, and are fixed with bolts (not shown).
If the bite is insufficient, such as when the bench field 3 is hard, the angle θ is increased as shown in FIG. 16A, and if the bench field 3 is soft and soft and the amount of sinking of the airframe 2 is large, the angle θ shown in FIG. The angle θ is reduced as shown in b).

The action of the control plate 31 also solves the problem that the soil in front of the transplanting machine main body 1 in the traveling direction F is pushed to the side of the transplanting machine main body 1, and transplants the soil in front (or cultivated soil). The direction is the opposite of the seedling row. FIG. 11 (a) is a side view showing a state in which the transplanter is in progress, and FIG. 11 (b) is a plan view schematically illustrating the flow (soil movement) of the soil (or medium) at this time. Vf is the soil flow from the front of the transplanter body 1 (soil movement), Vb is the soil flow from the side of the transplanter body 1 to the side (soil movement), and Vc is the rear of the transplanter body 1 The flow of soil toward the center of the transplanter (soil movement) is shown. As shown in FIG. 11B, by the action of the pair of control plates 31, the soil in the hatched portion H that would otherwise flow to Vb flows to Vc. For this reason, Vb does not become an amount that adversely affects the transplanted seedling row P. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the soil ahead in the traveling direction from being pushed to the side, so that the soil is applied to the transplanted seedling row P and the transplanted seedling row P is not disturbed.
In FIG. 11B, which is a plan view in the present embodiment, the control plate 31 is shaped like a square and is arranged so as to face each other, but this shape and quantity can be changed as appropriate. Further, the interval Wh between the control plates 31 may be changed.
For example, when planting in order only from the left side of the field, there will be no transplanted seedling row on the right side in the direction of travel of the transplanter, so in such a case it will flow to the left side in the direction of travel of the transplanter What is necessary is just to set it as the shape and arrangement | positioning which reduce the quantity of (moving) soil.

  In this embodiment, in order to realize dense planting on the bench, the interval between the two openers 10a and 10b is set to be about half the width of the seedling box. That is, two openers can be accommodated within the length of the short side of the standard nursery box 35. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), dirt 62, crop residues, and other contaminants 62 may be trapped in the interval, which may cause resistance to the progress of the transplanter and may cause unstable soiling to the continuous potted seedlings. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12B, such a foreign substance can be removed by attaching a foreign substance removing member 63 in the forward direction of the opener 10. The foreign matter removing member 63 may be attached instead of the wheel 16 as shown in FIG. 12 (c), and the bottom plate 44 of the machine body 2 is extended forward and attached as shown in FIG. 12 (d). Also good.

  As shown in an example in FIG. 13, if a hole as shown by a hatched portion is made in the guide bottom plate 28, excess soil falls when a continuous potted seedling passes over the hole, and the potted seedling guide portion The adhesion of soil to the eight guide paths 38 can be reduced. Furthermore, this makes it possible to remove surplus soil that is packed more than necessary during soil filling and sowing at the time of raising seedlings.

  In the present embodiment, there are two sets of a potted seedling placement part, a potted seedling guide part, and a potted seedling feeding part so that two lines can be transplanted in one progression. As shown in FIG. 14 (a), the configuration may be one set, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), the configuration may be three sets, or more.

  As shown in FIG. 16, a pair of pressure-reducing rollers 29 may be provided on the machine body 2 so as to be located behind the mulcher 13.

(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same name and code | symbol are provided to the form which is the same as that of 1st Embodiment mentioned above, or it corresponds, and the overlapping detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  18 shows an overall view of the transplanter body 1, FIG. 18 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 18 (b) is a side view. The main components of the transplanter body 1 are a transplant unit 60, a frame 46, a moving bar 51, a slide bar 52, and a grooved wheel 45. Two transplant units 60 are installed in the transplanter body 1. The transplant unit 60 includes a potted seedling placement unit 7, a potted seedling guide unit 8, and a potted seedling feeding unit 9. A potted seedling guide roller 47 is attached to the potted seedling placement unit 8. An opener 10 having a chisel 48 at the distal end is attached to the rear portion of the transplant unit (the chisel 48 may be a movable chisel similar to the first embodiment), and a positioning bracket 76 is provided on the upper side. It is attached. Further, a reverse opener 54 is rotatably attached to the rear end of the transplant unit 60 by a hinge 55.

  By tightening the positioning bolt 61 attached to the positioning bracket 76 from above, the position of the moving bar 51 relative to the transplant unit 60 is fixed. A plurality of inter-strip positioning collars 50 are attached to the moving bar 51 at equal intervals. The frame 46 is formed by combining pipe members in a lattice shape, has handles 15 at four corners, and six grooved wheels 45 are attached. On the frame 46, there are moving bar receiving portions 53 a and 53 b having a shape for receiving the moving bar 51 (for example, a semicircular recess), and the moving bar receiving portion 53 b can particularly be fitted with the interstitial positioning collar 50. It has a different shape. After the completion of transplanting one line, the transplant unit 60 is moved to the next line by moving the moving bar 51 left and right.

A pair of slide rollers 49 are rotatably mounted directly below the potted seedling placement unit 7. The slide roller 49 is a grooved roller, and is arranged so as to sandwich the slide bar 52 made of a circular pipe member from both sides.
The frame 46 is moved up and down by the height adjustment unit 56 so that the opener 10 of the transplant unit 60 is positioned above the bench field 3 when the transplanter body 1 is forwarded (only the transplanter body 1 is moved without performing the transplant operation). can do. The height adjusting unit 56 can be rotated by a frame hinge 73, and a lock bolt 74 attached to the frame 46 is fastened and fixed (locked) at an arbitrary position of the height adjusting long hole 75. The height of the transplant unit 60 relative to the bench field 3 can be changed.

  FIG. 19 shows a state in which the transplanter body 1 is mounted on the bench 4. In this embodiment, the side wall 5 of the bench 4 serves as a guide rail 59, and the grooved wheel 45 fits on the side wall 5 of the bench and rolls. The operator 40 can smoothly advance the transplanter body 1 by pushing or pulling the handle 15 in the traveling direction F as in FIG.

An outline of the work in this embodiment is shown in FIG. The transplanter body 1 is adjusted to the first transplanting position in the width direction of the bench 4. And the initial position fixation of the continuous potted seedling 34 is performed similarly to 1st Embodiment.
FIG. 20A shows the transplanting operation for the first line. The operator 40 advances the transplanter body 1 in the direction of travel F. Then, the continuous potted seedlings 34 in the seedling raising box 35 are sequentially pulled out and placed through the potted seedling guide part 8 and the potted seedling feeding part 9 while maintaining the aligned state in the planting groove formed by the opener 10. The The positions of the continuous potted seedlings 35 placed in the planting grooves are fixed sequentially by scraping the soil by the soil gathering body 13 and are planted on the field surface of the bench field 3.

  Here, it is assumed that the process proceeds from the left side to the right side in FIG. 20, and the positional relationship between the transplant unit 60 and the frame 46 at this time is shown in FIG. When reaching the right end of the bench 3, the lock at the height adjusting unit 56 is released, and the state shown in FIG. 21B is obtained, that is, the opener 10 of the transplant unit 60 is positioned above the bench field 3. In this state, the frame 46 is lifted and locked again by the height adjusting unit 56, and is sent to the left end of the bench 3. When returning to the left end of the bench, the moving bar 51 is lifted. Then, as shown in FIG. 21 (c) or FIG. 21 (d), since the slide bar 52 can be lifted as a fulcrum, the transplant unit 60 is moved in the width direction of the bench 4 by a predetermined position in that state. After being moved (slid), the frame 46 is lowered and the inter-stitch positioning collar 50 is fitted into the moving bar receiving portion 51. Since the slide roller 49 rolls along the slide bar 52, this movement can be performed smoothly. FIG. 21C shows a state where the frame 46 is raised, and FIG. 21D shows a state where the frame 46 is lowered. Then, the state of FIG. 21A, that is, the transplant unit 60 is lowered to a transplantable position, the continuous potted seedling 34 is pulled out and the initial position is fixed, and the transplanter body 1 is advanced in the traveling direction F again. Sequentially repeat this work to plant the required number of strips. FIG. 20 (b) shows a state in which more than half of the predetermined number of lines have been transplanted.

  The number of transplant units 60 on the frame 46 is not limited, and may be one or three as shown in FIG. Instead of using both the side wall 5 and the guide rail 59, a separate rail may be provided on the bench 4, or the guide rail 59 may be provided so as to cut the bench vertically as shown in FIG.

  Further, since the machine body of the transplant unit 60 is supported by the frame 46, it is not necessary to provide the ground plane that receives the support by the farm field in the transplant machine body 1 as in the first embodiment. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 23 (a), a portion (inside the circle of the two-dot chain line) to which the dirt gathering body 10 and the seedling guide plate 12 are attached and planted directly to the opener 10 may be configured. FIG. 23 (b) is an enlarged view of the portion to be planted (inside the circle).

In the present embodiment, the configuration of the transplanter is such that the bench can be transplanted from end to end as much as possible so that the entire bench can be used effectively. The configuration comprising the opener 10 and the reverse opener 54 shown in detail in FIG. 25 embodies this.
As shown in FIG. 25, the reverse opener 54 is rotatable about a hinge 55 and the earth-shifting body 13 is rotatable about a hinge 57. When proceeding in the advancing direction F and transplanting, the state is fixed to the state shown in FIG. 25A, and when using the reverse opener 54, the mulcher 13 is raised and fixed to the state shown in FIG.

  FIG. 26 schematically illustrates a series of operations by the reverse opener 54. FIG. 26 (a) shows a state immediately before putting the opener 10 at the beginning of planting into the bench field 3, and it is necessary to advance the transplanter body 1 by the length of the mulcher 13 in addition to the length of the opener. FIG. 26 (b) shows a state in which the airframe is advanced and the opener 10 is completely in the bench field 3, and an untransplanted portion that is longer than the full length of the opener 10 occurs. As shown in FIG. 26 (c), when the opener 10 has completely entered the bench farm field 3, the mulcher 13 is raised, and the reverse opener 54 is lowered and placed in the farm field. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 26 (d), the transplanter body 1 is moved backward (direction B) to make a planting groove to the end of the bench field 3, and the continuous potted seedling 34 is pulled out and inserted into the planting groove to fix the initial position. Do. After the initial position is fixed, when the reverse opener 54 is raised, the mulcher 13 is lowered, and the transplanter body 1 is advanced to F, the planter is planted as shown in FIG. It will be in the state.

  The reverse opener 54 can be applied not only to a continuous potted seedling transplanter as in the present invention but also to an opener or various transplanters characterized by having components corresponding to the opener (for example, Vegetable transplanter etc. which are indicated by JP, 2002-305920, A). When comprised in this way, it becomes possible to plant easily at the head of a headland or a field, and the labor of supplementary planting work can be reduced.

  In this embodiment, no special power source is required. However, the transplanter may be advanced using a power source such as a motor or engine. The frame may be equipped with a motor to drive the wheel. For example, a wire may be attached to the frame, a winder may be provided at the end of the bench, and the transplanter body may be advanced while winding the wire. .

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same name and code | symbol are provided to the form which is the same as that of 1st Embodiment mentioned above, or it corresponds, and the overlapping detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. The third embodiment is a form in which one line is transplanted to a bed (high heel) that is formed to be loose.

  FIG. 27 shows an overall view of the transplanter body 1, FIG. 27 (a) is a side view, and FIG. 27 (b) is a plan view. The transplanter main body 1 is a potted seedling on which a continuous potted seedling 34 connected by connecting pieces is placed in order from the front side in the traveling direction F on the body 2 having the lower surface on the rear side in the traveling direction F as the ground contact surface 19. The placement unit 7, the potted seedling guide unit 8 that guides the continuous potted seedlings 34 drawn from the potted seedling placement unit 7 in a row, and the continuous potted seedlings 34 are continuously provided from the potted seedling guide unit 8 to the field. The potted seedling feeding part 9 that feeds out is connected. A connecting plate 58 is provided between the potted seedling placement unit 7 and the potted seedling guide unit 8. Further, an opener 10 for forming a planting groove (not shown) on the field surface of the farm field is provided on the ground contact surface 19 of the machine body 2, and a bracket 66 is provided at a position corresponding to the forefront of the potted seedling placement unit 7 in the traveling direction. Is provided. A handle 14 and a stand 67 are attached to the bracket 66. At the lower end of the stand 66, a sliding body 65, which is a warped plate with a curved front, is rotatably attached by a hinge 71. A pair of control plates 31 are attached to the front of the opener 10 in the traveling direction F. The pair of control plates 31 are attached such that a portion corresponding to the center line of the transplanter body 1 is opened wider than the width of the opener 10. Further, the position of the control plate 31 can be adjusted back and forth or up and down with respect to the transplanter body 1 by the elongated hole 72. A movable chisel 30 is attached to the opener 10. At the rear end of the airframe 2, a pair of earthing bodies 13 and pressure-reducing rollers 29 are attached. A handle 15 made of a hollow cylindrical member is provided at the upper end of the handle 14, and a rod-like auxiliary handle 26 can be inserted and fixed with a lock bolt 36.

The outline of the work in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
At the time of transplantation, the seedling box 35 in which the continuous pot-collected potted seedlings 33 are placed in advance is placed on the potted seedling placement unit 7 of the transplanter body 1. First, the connecting plate 58 is tilted toward the potted seedling placement unit 7 side, and the tip of the connecting plate 58 is hidden under the continuous collecting potted seedling 33 in the seedling raising box 35. Next, the most advanced continuous potted seedling 34 is pulled out from the potted seedling placement part 7 of the transplanter body 1 and is transferred from the potted seedling guide part 8 to the potted seedling feeding part 9 to be placed in the planting groove. Planting and fixing its position (fixed initial position). Next, the worker 40 disposed on both sides of the bed (high heel) 70 pulls the auxiliary handle 26 and advances the transplanter body 1 in the traveling direction F on the field surface of the bed 70. Then, the continuous potted seedlings 33 in the seedling raising box 35 slide on the upper surface of the connecting plate 58, are sequentially drawn out, pass through the potted seedling guide part 8 and the potted seedling feeding part 9, and are formed by the opener 10. Are placed in an aligned state. In addition, the position of the continuous potted seedling 33 placed in the planting groove is sequentially fixed and planted by the soil scraping by the soil gathering body 13 and the pressure suppression by the pressure suppression roller 29.
When the transplantation of one line is completed, the transplanter body 1 is moved so as to be a predetermined interval, and the above-described operation is repeated until the predetermined number of lines (planting density) is reached.

FIG. 29 shows the movable chisel 30 and the control plate 31. These actions and functions are the same as those described in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 29 (a), when the amount of the body 2 sinking to the bed 70 is large, the movable chisel 30 is adjusted so that the angle θ is small, and if the body is lifted with respect to the bed 70, The movable chisel 30 may be adjusted so that the angle θ is increased.
FIG. 29B is a plan view schematically showing the flow (soil movement) of the soil (or medium) when the transplanter body 1 is moving to F as shown in FIG. Vf is the soil flow from the front of the transplanter body 1 (soil movement), Vb is the soil flow from the side of the transplanter body 1 to the side (soil movement), and Vc is the rear of the transplanter body 1 The flow of soil toward the center of the transplanter (soil movement) is shown. The action of the control plate 31 causes the soil in the hatched portion H that would otherwise flow to Vb to flow to Vc. For this reason, Vb does not become an amount that adversely affects the transplanted seedling row P.
About the control board 31, it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment that the space | interval Wh, its shape, etc. can be changed.

  In addition, this embodiment can be applied not only to the grooving of a leek, but also to a so-called hard field that is sufficiently suppressed and can support a transplanter and an operator. In such a case, the operator can work by pulling in the traveling direction F with the handle (as shown in Patent Document 3). At this time, if the planting part (the machine body 2) of the planting machine body 1 is lifted, the movable chisel 30 may be adjusted so that the angle θ shown in FIG.

In addition, as a modification of the third embodiment, two lines are transplanted simultaneously in a single progress as shown in FIG. 30 (a), and three lines are transplanted in a single progress as shown in FIG. 30 (b). It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a plurality of strips can be transplanted simultaneously.
In addition, about the sliding body 65, a size and a shape can be determined suitably in consideration of a planting density, a space | interval, the state of a farm field, etc.

It is an airframe figure of 1st Embodiment, (a) Left side view, (b) Plan view. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning in the cultivation house where 1st Embodiment is applied. It is a top view which shows the operation state of 1st Embodiment. It is a right view showing the operation | movement which mounts a seedling raising box in the potted seedling mounting part 7a. It is a right view which models the attitude | position at the time of work. It is a top view which models a mode that the transplanter meanders when there is no guide part. It is a top view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of a guide part. It is a top view which shows the example of another guide part. It is a figure which shows the example which provided the guide rail in the bench, and made the guide part of the transplanter the grooved wheel, (a) Top view, (b) It is a side view. It is a top view which shows the example which provided the rail in the bench center. It is a figure which illustrates the effect | action of a control board, (a) Right view, (b) Top view. It is a figure which illustrates the effect | action of a foreign material removal member, (a) Top view, (b) Top view, (c) Right side view, (d) Right side view. It is a top view which shows the state which opened the hole in the guide path of a continuous potted seedling. It is a top view which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment, (a) 1 row planting, (b) 3 row planting. It is a right view which shows the structure of the movable chisel of an opener. It is a right view showing the angle with respect to the airframe of a movable chisel. It is the (a) top view which shows the state which attached the pressure reduction roller, (b) The right view. It is an airframe figure of 2nd Embodiment, (a) Top view, (b) It is a right view. It is the outline | summary of 2nd Embodiment, (a) Top view and (b) Right view which shows the state with which the bench was mounted | worn. It is a top view showing the working state of 2nd Embodiment. It is a right view which shows the state which the transplant machine main body moves. It is a modification of 2nd Embodiment, and is a top view which shows the state which attached three transplant units to the flame | frame. It is a modification of 2nd Embodiment, and is a top view which shows the example which provided the guide rail in the bench center. It is a modification of 2nd Embodiment, and is a top view showing the state which attached the mulch body and the seedling induction board directly to the opener, (a) Whole view, (b) Enlarged view of the part to plant (two-dot chain line) In the circle). It is a right view which shows the structure of an opener and a reverse opener. It is a right view which modeled a mode that it planted to the end of a bench using a reverse opener. It is an airframe figure of 3rd Embodiment, (a) Right side view, (b) Plan view. It is the (a) right view and (b) top view showing the outline | summary of the operation | work of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure about the movable chisel and control board in 3rd Embodiment, Comprising: (a) The right view which shows angle (theta) of a movable chisel and an airframe, (b) The top view which represents the effect | action of a control board. It is a top view which shows the modification of 3rd Embodiment, and is a form of (a) 2 row planting, (b) 3 row planting.

Explanation of symbols

1 transplanter body, 2 bodies, 3 bench fields, 4 benches, 5 side walls,
7 Potted seedling placement part, 8 Potted seedling guide part, 9 Potted seedling feeding part, 10 Opener,
11 seedling guide plate, 12 seedling guide plate, 14 handle, 15 handle, 20 guide part,
21 guide roller, 22 rod, 23 arm, 24 fixed frame,
26 Auxiliary handle, 29 pressure reducing roller, 30 movable chisel, 31 control plate,
33 continuous gathering pot seedlings, 34 continuous potting seedlings, 35 nursery boxes, 40 workers,
45 wheel with groove, 46 frame, 54 reverse opener, 60 transplantation unit,
65 planing body, 70 beds (high ridge), F direction of travel, G ground, P transplanted seedling row

Claims (6)

A continuous potted seedling transplanter for transplanting crops such as vegetables and flowers ,
In order from the front side in the traveling direction, a potted seedling placement part for placing continuous potted seedlings connected by connecting pieces, and a potted seedling guide part for guiding the potted seedlings drawn from the potted seedling placement part in a line A continuous potted seedling transplanting machine having a machine body connected to a potted seedling feeding part for continuously feeding potted seedlings from the potted seedling guide part to the field surface, and provided with an opener for forming a planting groove on the field surface. In
Provide a guide part in contact with the rail-shaped member provided on the side wall of the box-shaped cultivation floor or the box-shaped cultivation floor on the machine body ,
The guide portion includes an arm that can be moved and fixed in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, and a guide roller that is provided on the arm and can run on the rail-like member. A continuous potted seedling transplanting machine characterized by positioning a transplanting machine body along . A chisel is rotatably provided at the front end of the opener;
The continuous potted seedling transplanter according to claim 1 . Providing a contaminant removal member in front of the opener in the direction of travel,
The continuous potted seedling transplanting machine according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that . The member to be formed planting groove on the side opposite to the traveling direction of the implant main body is mounted to the opener,
The continuous potted seedling transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . A plurality of potted seedling feeding parts are arranged in parallel to the traveling direction in the aircraft,
In addition, a plurality of potted seedling placement parts are arranged in series with respect to the traveling direction on the machine body,
The continuous potted seedling transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . Transplanting seedlings using the continuous potted seedling transplanting machine according to claim 1 ,
A seedling transplanting method characterized by the above.

Images