JP5035592B2 - Method for producing biomass solid fuel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid fuel made from plant-based biomass (biological resources) as a raw material.

  Conventionally, for example, Patent Document 1 is known as a production method for converting a biomass into a raw material into a solid fuel. In the production method of Patent Document 1, carbonaceous powder (fly ash coke) is mixed with a biomass raw material such as rice husk, bark, wood chips, and beans shell for the purpose of increasing the amount of binder and heat, and this is solidified. It was solidified by a converting apparatus (such as a briquette press machine). Moreover, according to the manufacturing method of patent document 2, the wood waste of a biomass raw material is grind | pulverized and dried, this is mixed with the binder (synthetic resin) for promoting solidification, and is solidified with a granulator. -There was a method of making pellets.

JP-A-60-240794 JP 59-102989 A

  By the way, a kind of root vegetable is Nagatake, which is widely cultivated from Hokkaido to Kyushu. Cultivation of Nagatoro is to plant seed pods in the field in the spring, and then to prevent the growth of the long pods from being entangled with the stems and leaves that grow from the seed pods, Using a prop, a net for cultivation (made of polyethylene resin) (hereinafter referred to as “cultivation net”) for tangling the long vine is set up. Then, in the fall, when the Nagatoro vine withered and it was time to harvest Nagatoro, the vine of the Nagatoro growing on the ground was cut from the root, and this vine and the cultivation net were removed. The work to dig up is done.

  In recent years, farmers who make Nagatoro have difficulty in disposing of their cultivation nets with Nagatoro because of the prohibition of outdoor incineration of waste (so-called “no-burning”) due to a partial revision of the Waste Management Law. Previously, before the revision of the law, the Nagatoro vines, etc. were disposed of by field burning, but now it is no longer possible to adopt this disposal method. A method of separating waste from the vine and requesting it to be disposed of by a waste disposal contractor is used (Nagato's vine is a natural decomposition). For this reason, farmers are inefficient in farm work and newly incurred disposal costs.

On the other hand, new disposal methods are being put to practical use. It is a method of manufacturing the cultivation net itself with a biodegradable plastic. By producing the cultivation net itself with biodegradable plastic, when disposing it, the cultivation net and Nagatoro vine can be left in the field etc. so that they can be naturally decomposed. This eliminates the need for the above-described sorting operation. However, according to this method, since expensive biodegradable plastics must be used, there is a problem that the price of the cultivation net itself is high, and a problem that requires space for natural decomposition over several months. is there. Therefore, the inventors of the present application have conceived of using the above-mentioned Nagatoro vine and its cultivation net to be disposed of as a solid fuel, and have reached the present application.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a solid fuel using a long vine and its cultivation net as a raw material.

According to claim 1, a long vine that has been entangled in a synthetic resin net for cultivating long bamboo shoots in a process of cultivating the long cocoon is wound and bound in a state of being entangled in the synthetic resin net. A raw material of the roll-shaped synthetic resin net and the long bamboo vine, which is crushed and solidified ,
The synthetic resin net is made of polyethylene resin, and the solid fuel is mixed with a long vine, the synthetic resin net is mixed in a weight ratio of 10% to 50% per dry matter , Technical measures were taken.

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  The present invention winds and binds the long vines that are entangled with the net for cultivating the long yam (made of synthetic resin) while being entangled with the net made of the synthetic resin. This is made into a roll, and the roll-shaped synthetic resin net and the long vine are used as raw materials to be crushed and solidified to produce a biomass solid fuel. This eliminates the need for sorting work and disposal costs for disposal of the cultivation net by Nagatoro. Moreover, since the biomass solid fuel of the present invention is made from a long vine that is entangled with the cultivation net, the cultivation net (polyethylene resin) is uniformly mixed when the long vine is just crushed. When solidified (solid fuel), the amount of polyethylene resin (cultivation net) mixed in one solid becomes substantially uniform, and a solid fuel with no variation in calorific value can be obtained.

  In addition, each solid material according to the present invention is mixed with polyethylene resin in a weight ratio of 10% to 50% per dry matter, so the calorific value is equal to or higher than that of commercially available wood pellets (solid material). Thus, it can be a practical substitute for wood pellets.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the long vine and the cultivation net are pulverized into solid fuel, so that the cultivation net used during cultivation does not need to be made of a biodegradable plastic that is a high-priced material. Further, there is no need for a space for natural decomposition.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
Flow of Nagatoro cultivation (see Fig. 1):
Cultivation of Nagatoro begins in May (spring) by planting seed pods in the field. In June, seeds sprout and vines 1 (stems and leaves) begin to grow. At this time, in order to prevent the vines that grow and grow later from being entangled with each other and hindering the growth of the long cocoon (new moth) that grows in the ground, the net 3 for tangling the vine with the support 2 (Net) (hereinafter referred to as “cultivation net”) (made of polyethylene resin) is erected in the field. The vine 1 grows rapidly while being entangled in the cultivation net over the summer (the situation is shown in FIG. 2). In October, the vine 1 has withered, and the long bamboo shoots 4 have grown in the ground. Prior to the harvest of the long bamboo shoots 4, the vine 1 is cut from the root, and the vine 1 remains tangled. In the state, the support 2 and the cultivation net 3 are brought down on the field. The state at this time is shown in FIG. 3 (solid fuel production process diagram) as a long bean cultivation process (1) and a long bean vine 1 (cultivation net 3) defeating process (2). In November, it will be time to dig up the Nagatoro 4 in the ground and harvest it.

Regarding the production process of the solid fuel of the present invention:
The present invention is characterized in that it is made into a solid fuel using the long bamboo vine 1 and the cultivation net 3 as raw materials. The flow of the manufacturing process will be described below in order (see FIG. 3).

Defeat process (2) of Nagatoro vine 1 (cultivation net 3):
After the long bamboo planting step (1) described above, each root of the long bamboo vine 1 is cut and the support 2 is removed, and the long bamboo vine 1 (with the cultivation net 3) is overlaid on the field.

Winding and binding process (3):
Next, in the winding / bundling step (3), a known roll baler 5 or the like is used to improve work efficiency, and the long vine 1 that has been entangled in the cultivation net 3 is wound on the field. They are bound into a roll (hereinafter referred to as “vine roll R”) (see FIG. 3). In addition, it is preferable to perform this process (2), when preventing the generation | occurrence | production of mold | fungi etc. in the long vine 1 when the long vine 1 is as dry as possible.

Primary crushing step (4):
Next, the vine roll R is primarily crushed using a known crusher 6. In this embodiment, the crusher 6 having the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is used as an example. The crusher 6 includes a rotary blade body 7 having a plurality of blades 7a and a fixed blade 8 for crushing the vine roll R. A screen 9 is provided around the rotary blade body 7. A raw material supply hopper 10 is provided above the rotary blade body 7, and a pressing portion 11 that presses the supplied vine roll R against the rotary blade body 7 at the bottom of the raw material supply hopper 10. Have A discharge port 9 a is provided below the screen 9.
In this embodiment, the screen width of the screen 9 is 50 mm. Using the crusher 6, the vine roll R (Nagatome vine / cultivation net) was supplied to the raw material supply hopper 10 for crushing (primary) with the rotary blade body 7. The discharged crushed material was a mixture of the long bamboo vine 1 and the cultivation net 3 (polyethylene resin) without unevenness (hereinafter referred to as “primary crushed material R1”).

Secondary crushing step (5):
Next, using the known crusher 12, the primary crushed material R1 formed in the primary crushing step (4) is secondarily crushed. In this example, the crusher 12 having the configuration shown in FIG. 5 was used. This crusher 12 is also similar to the crusher 6, and has a rotary blade body 13 and a fixed blade 14 having a plurality of blades 13a for crushing the primary crushed material R1. A screen 15 is provided around the rotary blade body 13. A raw material supply hopper 16 is provided above the rotary blade body 13. A discharge port 17 is provided below the screen 15.
In this embodiment, the screen width of the screen 9 is 8 mm. Using the crusher 12, the primary crushed material R1 was supplied to the raw material supply hopper 16 and crushed (secondary) by the rotary blade body 13. The discharged crushed material was a mixture of a long vine 1 having a length of 20 mm or less and a cultivation net 3 (polyethylene resin) (hereinafter referred to as “secondary crushed material R2”).

Granulation (solidification) step (6):
In this step, the secondary crushed material R2 formed in the secondary crushing step (5) is solidified using a known granulator 18 as a raw material. A granulator 18 used in this example is shown in FIG. The granulator 18 includes a raw material agitation transport unit 19 having a raw material supply unit, and a granulation unit 20 connected to the raw material agitation transport unit 19. The granulation unit 20 includes a ring-shaped annular mold 21 provided with a large number of holes (nozzles) 21a, a pair of pressing rolls 22 that press the inner peripheral surface of the annular mold 21, and the annular structure. And a knife 23 provided in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the mold 21 for cutting into a pellet.
In this example, the size of the hole (nozzle) 21a was 6 mm. The secondary crushed material R2 supplied to the raw material stirring / conveying section 19 of the granulator 18 is conveyed into the annular mold 21 of the granulating section 20 while receiving a stirring action, and is pressed from the annular mold 21. 22 was compressed and solidified into a slender shape from the hole (nozzle) 21a, discharged (projected) P1, and cut by the knife 23 into a pellet (6 mm diameter, 13 mm long).

  Although the fuel pellets P are completed by the above manufacturing process, a drying process may be further provided so that the moisture content of the fuel pellets is around 15% in consideration of the storage stability and combustion efficiency of the fuel pellets P. . About a drying method, a well-known method may be sufficient besides a hot-air ventilation method.

  In the said embodiment, although it solidified to the pellet form, you may make it a solid body (briquette shape etc.) larger than a pellet. At that time, the solidified fuel particles (solid matter) have a mixing ratio of the cultivation net (made of polyethylene resin) to the long vine, and the weight ratio per dry matter is 10% to 50% (more preferably). 15 wt% to 40 wt%). In the present invention, since the vine 1 of the long bamboo shoot is entangled with the cultivation net 3 during cultivation, it is used as a raw material (vine roll R). No process is required. For this reason, since the vine and the cultivation net are uniformly mixed evenly in the crushed material after the crushing process, a product having no unevenness in calorific value for each solid (grain) unit can be obtained. In addition, about the solid fuel by this invention, since the polyethylene resin (cultivation net | network) is mixed in each grain with the above-mentioned ratio with respect to a long vine, the calorific value (mixed calorific value) is a commercially available wood pellet. It was verified that it is equivalent to or higher than that (see the table in FIG. 7). As shown in the table of FIG. 7, the mixed calorific value (kcal / kg) of samples 1 to 4 which are solid fuels (pellets) according to the present invention is 4190 to 5375, and the calorific value of wood pellets (kcal / kg). It is equal to or more than 4200.

  In addition, in connection with the present invention, the long bamboo vine, which occurred in the process of cultivating the long bamboo shoot, was crushed in the state where the long bamboo vine entangled with the synthetic resin net for cultivation, and this pulverized product other than the long bamboo vine, for example, If solid fuel is mixed with crushed materials such as bean husks, a solid fuel with a calorific value higher than that of pea husks alone can be obtained.

  In addition, the roll baler, the crusher, and the granulator which were demonstrated by the said Example are examples, Comprising: You may use things other than this.

It is the figure which showed the flow of growth (cultivation) of a long bean. It is the figure which showed the state in which the vine of Nagato was entangled in the cultivation net in the cultivation process of Nagato. It is the figure which showed the process of manufacturing a solid fuel from a vine of Nagatoro and a cultivation net. It is a block diagram of a primary crusher. It is a block diagram of a secondary crusher. It is a block diagram of a granulator. It is the table | surface which showed each calorific value of the solid fuel and wood pellet (comparative example) of this invention.

1 Vinegar vine (stem and leaf)
2 Prop 3 Cultivation net 4 Long shear 5 Roll baler 6 Crusher (primary)
7 Rotary blade 7a Blade 8 Fixed blade 9 Screen 9a Discharge port 10 Raw material supply hopper 11 Pushing portion 12 Crusher (secondary)
13 Rotating blade body 13a Blade 14 Fixed blade 15 Screen 16 Raw material supply hopper 17 Discharge port 18 Granulator 19 Raw material stirring and conveying section 20 Granulating section 21 Annular mold 21a Hole 22 Press roll 23 Knife P Fuel pellet (solid fuel)
R Vine roll R1 Primary crushed material R2 Primary crushed material

Claims (1)

The roll of the long vine that is entangled with the synthetic resin net for cultivating long cocoon, wound in the state of being entangled with the synthetic resin net, is formed into a roll shape. A method for producing a solid biomass fuel comprising crushing and solidifying a synthetic resin net and Nagatoro vine as raw materials ,
Biomass characterized in that the synthetic resin net is made of polyethylene resin, and the solid fuel is mixed in a weight ratio of 10% to 50% per dry matter with respect to a long vine. Solid fuel manufacturing method.

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